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Northern Star (1837-1852), 1st February 1845, Edition 1 of 4, Page 7, Untitled Article

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  • Departments (5)
    • THE IRISH MOVEMENT. TO THE niGUT HON. SIS ROBERT PEEL , BA.WI.
    • fc^m v^tfiJ/i^otiicttltu i& j^^
    • srittitt aim art
    • MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
    • ©antmipts, &c.
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      Untitled Article

      t rtxTTEE- —Tko ; ce who have an extensive F ° rden a " d coiiseqncnfly require a large r ^ w « f ' Tcrbcna § j suvias , petunias , scarlet l -ta ~ and oth ^ r similar plants for bedding ^ jfiild bow look over their stock and select U ujjts of «» ih s 01 * ft *™ ^ ticli to obtain few p , pj lCse ^ p lants shonld he re-potted with ivD li- 'ltt £ uidy mould , and then placed in * - ^ niiTor a sl 1 sM hot-bed in order to induce ore '"^ . - a > id to send up plenty of your . - shoots fBl iitos ? - & is ofSl' ? « MPortance * tliis work tucowJ * " S ^ " > ™ on ^ er tuat ta l'lants . ^ " p . p- ^ pasatcd may be strong and well-rooted "' r ' ien tnnied out into the beds in May and June . ^ -jjH . is arc weak and small when planted out , ] the 9 i ** shov&A happen to prove unfavourable , i fS do not attain their full beauty until

      Scn-, ' and October , when-they are liable to be ? % lf licavyrains and frosts . With two or three \ en frunes ' and plenty of dung to produce and - * tai » a Sclltle bottom heat , the propagation of all j £ , ^ ft-v-iKKJed plauts may be easily carried to any out ' dearcd . Care must be taken to allow the rank V . ^ a steam to blow off before the plants or cuttJaii P mi 0 ^ fi ™ ^ i and OverHie . suriaee of h ^< ton 2 * iin a layer an inch deep of old ia « , saw" . or 'riuder ashes , on which to set the pots . Those ' jjfop t the pfon recommended of asmallpit heated -a ' jjot water , and having in one division a small r-BtiuT wnk , r aaj' carry on their operations with ^ facility , ; md without the uncertainty and risk Icli ahW attends the use of anyfermentiiigmate-, i Ik GrKiJiousc . —It often happens that in the of the winter the roots of have

      . ^ f some plants got [ o a tad tradition , owing , perhaps , to a defect in ( damage orbcingpot-bound , orsome otlicrcausc ; i sash plants It Js highly desirable to re-pot at once , ' <¦ oaiiwg until the usual time for this operation Jl arrive . A careful eye will have detected the jiijiionis which indicate some unsoundness at the ft , and all plants showing such symptoms should be lied out and re-potted . Set the plants , when rebiied , in the most favourable position for light and [ r , and for sonic time water sparingly . The green-P 5 ~ c maybe freely ventilated every " day while the easier continues opcu and mild . The Flav . -er

      | Fuohists i lowers . —A visible alteration has taken | gcc in the whole tribe during the past week or ten lys . Tulips hiivc begun to apnearibore ground } i ^ in order to prevent damage , and , if possible , . % ) $ x " assurance doubly sure , " put about a table K « nful of silver sand over the protruding spikesisj-sin , in a great measure , prevent any fi-ost from Rating them ; it should , however , be done' before ic leaves separate . Auriculas may now be fopksscd , though some defer it to the latter end of the

      bath ; we prefer doing it now , as the risk of injurt the growing fibres is not so great as at a later cnod . Carnations . —The centre leaves are begin-1 b 2 to wove , ant ! assume in their progress a singular E : i appearance . It is absolutely necessary that key : should have all the air possible . Pinks . —Where lesc have been planted late , and have not yet got jirlj hold of the ground , earthworms , which are >* " troublesome , are apt to drag them out . The sals must occasionally be looked over , and when c- surface of the beds are dry fasten the plants .

      liiMiT Fnni axd Kitchex Gardex . —The late ' . Try rains have been favourable for newly-planted eos , Ij wasliius down tlic finerpartieles of soil from c surface amoiTgst the fibres . In the Kitcheii- 'rarr . proeml with the usual routine of trenching and ejariug for firing-crops . Earth up peas slightly they aj > i >« ir above the ground . Seakalc and suetv way » e talu > a up aud put in any dark place to ^ ranl and branch . Lose no opportunity of rinu foil air to young lettuces and eaulinWer ilxs in frames or in hand-glasses . Guard the auer ihmi liinUwljcn tlic sashes arc off ; and yoang (> , •* iruni slugs , A-f . I'oiiTOES . —I hare ] observed lately , says a coitcsii-dcnt of the Of « cr « r , the l-esult of some cspcriin

      p ^ ts whidi had bee n wade raisuig potatoes ; aud ) in trials which 1 have also nadc , I enterfciiu no nut but that planting whole potatoes of a inidiilisg : c is by mncliprofcraole to those which are cut . Iu y ground , or in ordinary seasons , the latter , no luiil , grow Tory ' . rell , but there is always a Joss cutting in pieces the large potatoes , while the liere are ready , are not so valuable , and have the skin tire . In damp or wet ground not thorougldy aiacd , or in cold backward seasons where vege-Jion is checked , the cut sets parch and never iiw , so that Wanks of some yards are very visible ; uist the drills planted with" whole potatoes are as seas a hedge . I have also made some expai-? nts as to the best and easiest mode of keeping

      i- one crop of potatoes in a proper state for use till the following crop is ready . Persons residing the country who have frames of glass , can liavc izloes very early ; and they can also have OldpOtJlc-s kept In pits in the earth , &c ; but people residg m towns , the lower classes especially , have no icli conveniences . In jthe spring , when thepotatoes * a 3 a grow , iliey sn ) ffl out long shoots , and when ( scare rcmorcd opiets succeed—the root all the me ntoivcllmjr aifil wasting its substance . An Fd'toal way of killing the vegetative powers at that siod ( and no . sooat-r ) , occurred to me . Thehcat of tiliag water l > e ; i : « 512 degs ., andtiirecminutesl'ciHg librient to Jioil aa p ^ g , the question came-to he , how icrt ^ tim e would encet the present object ; and an

      uiiicnaoii till a i » fn = 3 n could count six , seems amply iE ; ieut , Tlus ' inaiit be tested exactly , and be done i a laige a-alc with a copper and netted bag . rot : ltes a » served krqi Jbrmany weeks quite plump and * f ! i , awl uctil iieir ones eoidd be got in "Uie luariet t ;? rcasonalile prio ? . Tlus pLin may also be useful ir ]> nscrringthciii jongeriit for use at sta , where eieiablesare not to "» e had . SrcsnTtTE joii JJjiy . —The writer of a letter from cvigivn , near V . ' oivester , savs^— "As every proi » rie * af cattle is anxious at the present crisis to malic ifjfliiit of lus provender , and as some of your agri-Wural readers may not - be aware of the advantage rioiiing turnips and turnipJeaves or tops with straw aaff 31 take the liberty of calling the attention of tee Trio are at fault for hay , and are fortunate aoiigh to have a few turnips , to * the subject , as I prc-! &e they would find it answer verv well as a

      substine for hay . I have adopted the plan of cutting up iraij > 4 cave 3 with a chaff-engine , and mixing it with ^ during the last month , and I find that when rar-chaffjs mixed with about one-third its quantitv ifaTCg SO cut , store eatHe eat it with avidity , aim * ' iianarkably well with it . K the roots are reduced saall particles , and mixed with the chaff , it anfesastill better purpose . When the turnips are aail , and but few grown , it would be advisable , in &r to make the most of them , not to pull them fore the end of March or Hie beginning of April , idler would then produce a good deal of top when ^ ould be most useful . There may be many leaves tttered for present use , without taking tlie main >» ut or injuring the turnips , provided they are wien off an inch or two from the stem . If the tops * tolerably large , an acre will produce three or four K loads ; but if thev are allowed to remain , a g wyart of tliem will fall ofl ; and decay round tin ?

      -3 iEU > EM 3 iAKY Sueep . —The carcass of the sheep M' « f the " 2 f « r Devon" breed , was lately ex-» ucd m Lseter rattle market , and was the adniiiion of Lnndreds of agiicidturists , butchers , dx-., » crowded that part of the market for the purpose seeiug it . It was pronounced one of the most per-? sheep ever shown in this part of-the kingdom , ^ as a wether , yeaned , bred , and fed on the . farm of I ; fliomas Kingdon , of Chapel St . Martin , Thor' on . rhis extraordinary sheep , rcmai-kable for smauness of bone , colour , and handsomeness , was r years old off , and slaughtered and dressed In a ^ tradfsrnaTriike manner bv Mr . R . R . Prowse , of *' crton . It weighed 9651 b ., being 601 b . per qr .. ' ^ iSU over , and carried 25 lb . of rough fat *

      ^ - STHOD PlJKrAKISC CuAUUED SAW-DUST A ~ & f- —At the last monthly meeting of the Highpt * 4 d . AgrlenItnral Society of Scotland , the Earl ¦ SvJStbm in tLe dlair , an interesfing paper ^ urertuigsair-dust into manure , bvAfr . BisJioj » , " ¦ stfwanl , Methvcn Castle , Perthshire , was read ' t Milne , Esq . It set fortli that , for several ^ •« A , the author had been desirous Of diSCOVCr-= some loetHed by which saw-dust and the other « « a saff-inffl mj sat be converted to some more « w purpose than they were generally applied to ; ^ uadertue idea that they might be employed as eST' r ^ led t 0 m 8 5 CTCral experiments . sL *^ ii > T ?* t that ™ decomposcd saw-dust , espe-. t mat irom resinous trees , had an injurious u oo vegetation ; and his object was to discover ilcfV method by which it might be mow « £ ? ycomposed , and therebv become fitted to te

      «» the growtli of plants . The first attempt was * ¦ ? i * ^ t 0 m ^ br spreading it over v jSf ol a piece of land , to the depth of five or 2 h »^ ' to *•* & * to it , as is sometimes done asria I ? - Ovin S to wet weather , only half m 3 t 0 , ^ cs , and no perecptible benefit was * afti . ^ 1 , cusai ' o S 1 ^ 58 cr ° Ps ; but a crop of iosej a j d La - ^ four ^ eaIS ' Srass ^ Jr ^^ j ,, ™ "*" superiority in those places where ; rUfei 2 ^ d ljCea hw ^ t- Having heard of tJk-* H ( r ' l icni ' soi powdered charcoal , the author * M u * K « that the object he liad in view Nsa ;? . Nadily attained ' "by converting the fc-iu g tx ^ i S aiXoa ! ' lypartiall / excludingthe air 1 'i ^ itiiv f on- i or tliis purpose he procured a ^ td u - - cl weHJrarnt Ifane-shclls , which were ' " * *• - a « 1 - 1 > SS witJl saw-dust , ihe latter iv " ^ dn , * f « could be obtained ; tie whole I ? i'nii ^ 0116 " over - ^ few da « t 5 le mass lje " b k * n " ft ^ Pecially towards tlic ' top and sides of ^ r , ^ evcr I ** flames burst forth , an ad-** Ofl . S' l sw-Aist was from time to tune $ ';** Wrf » S i < ro «« ss was contimiedtill inter" * Q'Jw - *» other instances , the limev OT 0 Keu uito smaller pieces thau in the

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      former experiment , and niixed with saw-dust in oblong heaps-a method by which ah Qqual " quantitv ot saw-dust was carbonised , but it was found necessary to turn over and mix the heaps while the burning continued , and thus a greater quantitv of ^ TT ° T T msiho charred Mhcs tlian would otherwise have been the case . When this carbonised dust was applied , aloHg with lime , to am , potatoes , and corn crops , the result proved nWv satisfactory , and in one instance its beneficial eftVs were more obvious the second year than the first In order to avoid the expense of purchasing lime-shells and to show at the same time that the beneficial effects of the charred dust could not be ascribed to the hrne used in the process of chairinganother

      , method was adopted , namely , by preparing two or three fire heaps of brushwood , which , after they had burned for some tune , were covered with a thin coating of saw-dust ; wherever the fire broke out to anv extent , additional saw-dust was applied , and this was continued from day to day , a thick coating being laid on in the evening , which was partly raked off again in the morning , so as to retain a regular thin covering , through which the air could pass , to camon the burning within the heaps . By this method Mr . Bishop Las eon-verted into charcoal GOO busliels tliis season , and it has boon applied in different ways to turnips , and also used as a top-dressing , partly by itself , and partly in mixture with cuano . ammoniacal

      water , malt . cumnungs , and other substances ; and in all these cases its beneficial effects have been more or less apparent . The aptness of this substance to imbibe the fertilising properties of liquid manure the ammonia of byres and stables and the effluvia of confined and unhealthy habitations , is a circumstance which entitles it to much consideration . It is recommended that the saw-dust , when taken from the mill , should be deposited in a drv airy shade , as it is exceedingly liable to imbibe and retain moisture—a circumstance which greatly impedes the process of charring . By the above process it is calculated that saw-dust may be converted into this useful manure at the rate of ab _> ut one penny per bushel .

      AKew Bauley . —In July , 1838 , Mr . Noble observed a single ear of barley in a field of theDunlop species , which , from its marked difference from those around it , as well as from any in the neighbouring fields , lie supposed might turn out to be a new species . When ripe this ear was secured , and the following rears the grain was sown in a garden , when it was found that the produce retained all the peculiarities of the original ear . The seed continued to be preserved and sown for several successive seasons , till , in 1842 , about two quarters were obtained . This was sown in a field , a portion of which was at the time sown with English barley , mainly for the purpose of ascertaining the comparative earliness of the two varities , but also with the view of detenninins their

      epnyfarative productiveness . The-result was , that in TespejJtto earliness , the English had the advantage by three or four days ; but in regard to productiveness the new variety had a marked superiority , yielding at the rate of 11 bolls , or 66 bushels per acre , while the English did not exceed 1 i bolls , or 35 bushels per acre . A result equally favourable was obtained by various individuate who procured seed of this new variety for trial , the produce in one instance being at the rate of 14 bolls per acre . Its superiority to the early English barley , both in respect to quantity and quality , seemed obvious to every one who had an opportunity of making tue comparison . The distinctive marks of this new variety are , 1 st , the glossy whiteness of the straw ,

      which remains up to the time of ripening without the least tinge of brown , a colour , more or less observable in all the other varieties ; 2 nd , the Strength oft he Straw , which is much greater than hi the common lands ; and 3 rd , the greater disfcin . ee of thc _ grains from each other than in the ordinary varieties ; so that , for example , an ear of the new varietywithl 2 grains on each side , will be found fully three-quarters of an inch longer than one with the same number of grains in either the Chevalier or early English barley . The advantages of this barley are its superior productiveness ; its lengtli of straw * ; its tillering properties ; the distance from each other at wlilch the grains arc placed in the ear , which is a recommendation in damp climates , as the moisture is not so easily retained as in a coinpaetiv constructed

      ear . ExxJtAOitDiXARr Pig . —A fine pig , of the small breed , belonging to William Hornsey , of Inglebj 1 Grcenhow , and bred by Sir Wiliani Foulis , Bavt . j was slaughtered on Tuesday , the 7 th instant , weighing the astonishing weightof 52 stones , 141 b . to the stone .

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      Education- ix the East Indies—At a late meeting of the Statistical Society , Colonel Sykes , F . R . S ., vice President , in the chair , the chnirmxm read a paper respecting the statistics of the Educational Institutions of the East India Company in India . The institutions date from comparatively so recent a period that the Hindoo College at Calcutta , the most ancient amongst them , with the exception Of the Sanscrit College at Benares , was only in its tweutv eighth year in 18 i 4 , and that many of them are only of two or three years' standing . The materials used by Colonel Sykes were derived from the official reports of tie several boards of education to their respective governments , for the veare 1841 to 1844 ,

      inclusive .. Ihe vernacular languages taught in the respective schools appear to be Oordoo , Hindoo , Bengalee , Ooreah , and Burmese . Of the several institutions , the Medical College presents the unexpected and singular feature of turning out aeeou * cheure , surgeons , and anatomists from almost every caste , and Mahonnncdans as well as Christians , which Colonel Sykes states , is to him , " with Ms forty years' knowledge , a marvellous change , the natural as well as religious repugnance vliieli must have been overcome in these castes bearing strong testimony to the changes that can be effected in the native mind . " The Bhagulpore Hill School , which was established to improve the moral character of the rude tribes of these hills , has been eminently

      suceessiul , although it had to contend with the dirhciilty of tlic people having a language of their own , and the necessity of first teaching them Hindoo . Col . Sykes considers that the opinions expr essed in the reports alluded to , that the Mahommeuan population are averse to receive European instruction , are not borne out in the number of the returns . The total number of students is 8281 ; there are 1 CS 3 Mahouiniedan students to 6035 Hindoo students . Some have calculated the Mahommedan population as low as one in 14 Hindoos , while the highest estimate , he believes , does not equal one in nine , hi either case , the proportion of the ilahommedan students &r ex coeds the proportion of the Hindoo students relatively to their respective populations , being about 1 in i- 'J of the whole students . Five-eighths of the whole students learn English ; a comparatively small

      number learn Sanscrit—viz ., 426 ; while 572 learn Arabic , and 801 Persian . Benegalee has the greatest number of students—viz ., 2796 , followed by Hindoo , 1771 , and Oordoo , 1494 ; these languages being chiefly spoken under the . Agra government . ' There are 248 Christians in the Schools , and 19 ? who are neither Christians * , Mahonunodaiis , nor Hindoos . These are chiefly BuddistsatMoulmein , or low castes of the Bhagulpore hills . Out of 2420 students under the . Agra government , 2373 receive gratuitous instruction , and only 42 pay . In Bengal onlj 1512 students pay , and 4289 receive gratuitous instruction . This is questionable policy , and the Bengal government are desirous of modifying it ; and tie Bombay government have found advantage in imposing a school fee of trifling amount . Of the orphan schools , charitable institutions , and missionary schools , Colonel Svkes had no means of giving an account .

      Researches ix South America . —M . J . Linden , a celebratedBelgiantraveller , has returned to Brussels within a few days past . He left Belgium in 1 S 41 . He has explored successively , in three years- and a half , the ltepublic of Venezuela and New Grenada , Jamaica , and the eastern part of the Island of Cuba . This traveller , who is known to the learned world by his preceding visits to Brazil aud Mexico , has crossed the vast drain of * the Andes , between the eastern shores of Venezuela and the chief coast of the Pacific Ocean , which is above six hundred leagues in extent . The gloomy and pestilential forests of the plains of ilieT'erra Calientc , as well as the upper regions of the Cordelleras , known in South America by the name of Paramos , were ultimately explored . He passed several times the limit of perpetual snw , and ventured to ascend to tlic three

      highest points of Ifew Grenada and Venezuela , the ^ evadode Mcrida , 16 , 437 feet , the volcano of Folium , 17 , 240 feet i and the Sierra Nevada de Santa Maria , 16 , 500 feet above the level of the sea . During these dangerous excursions lie has also visited the India cannibals of Goajira , and the ferocious Auruhuacos , who inhabit the cold and -temperate side of the Nevade de Santa Maria , and he sojourned for whole months among the frightful solitude of the Quindiee , and the frozen regions of thcFoliina and of the grand Paramo de Ruiz . These dangerous researches in immense countries , some of which had never before been visited , have been fertile innumerous discoveries , aud botany , in particular , is indebted to M . Linden for some " hundred species of new plants , collected from the burning plains of tlic Apiore to the gigantic ssmmits of the Andes .

      The Qcicksaxd cxdeu the New Houses or Pamiament . —Our readers may not be generally aware that the foundations of the A ' ew Westminster rala . ee actually float on a quicksand . Westminster Hall and the old Palace for many centuries—upwards of eight—have done the same , so there would seem to be no reason for apprehension . This quicksand , unless confined , has a teudenev to rise , spread and shift itself . It is thoroughly surrounded by walls ot solid concrete , and above It , keeping it down like the cork of a bottle , is a deep bed of concrete . Ihe foundations , however , of the Victoria or Record Tower , as it is called , have passed through the quicksand , because of the great weight the tower will have to sustain . A very ticklish operation was performed last week near the ventilating shaft of the present houses . Topreparefor new buildings , it was necessary to excavate iinniediateJy close to this shaft , and even

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      ?^ i lt .., The workmen proceeded ahnost inch by inch , stopping down the quicksand the instant it began to rise . Fears were entertained for the safety of the shaft , which weighs two hundred tons , but no accident whatever happened ; the danger is passed , and the works nearly done . It was curious to see the excavations exhibiting at once the old and new Houses of Lords and Commons , Westminster Hall , the Crypt of St . Stephen ' s , the foundations of the ventilating shaft , i-c . &c—Historical licgister . Astronomical Pabticulabs of the Planet Saturn * . —Saturn ' s mean distance from the sun is 008 millions of miles . His annual period or lengtli of time going round the sun 10 , 759 days , one hour . His diameter 70 , 730 miles . Length ' of dav ten

      hours , sixteen minutes . He is 750 times as large as the earth . He has seven moons and two rings , about 39 , 000 miles from his body , aud they are about that breadth , which is one-and-a-half' the girth of this earth . This vast body i-olls throH « li space at the rate of 20 , 800 miles in an hour , and such is the immense distance he is from this earth , even when at the nearest point ( about 813 millions of miles ) , that if he were to commence flying towards us , even at this astonishing rate , he would be four years and a half in reaching our planet . It would take a railway carriage , travelling twenty-one miles an hour , not less than sixteen hours and fortv minutes , to go as far as Saturn goes in one siii"le minute , viz ., 350 miles . "

      The Milkt Wat : our Astrai , System . —It was hrst surmissed by the ancient philosopher , Democritus , that the faintl y white zone which spans the skv under the name of milky way , might be only a dense collectiou * of stars , too remote to be distinguished . Ihis conjecture has been verified Ix the instruments of modern astronomers , and some speculations of a most remarkable kind have been formed in connection with it . By the joint labours of the two Hersehels the sky lias been "gauged" in all directi ? J yllie tefeseope , so as to ascertain the conditions of different parts with respect to the frequency of the stars . The result has been a conviction , that as the planets are parts of solar systems , so are solar systems parts of what may be called * astral svstems : that is .

      systems composed of a multitude of stars , bearing a certainrelation to each other . The astral system to which we belong is conceived to be of an oblong flattish form , with a space wholly or comparatively vacant in the centre , while the extremity in one condition parts into two . The stars are most thickly sown in the outer parts of this vast ring , and these constitute the milky way . Our sun is believed to 1 » placed in the southern portion of the ring , near its inner edge , solliatweare represented with many more stars , and see the milky way much more clearly in that direction than towards the north , in which line our eye has to traverse the vaeant central space . Nor is this all . Sir -William Ilcrschel , so early as the year 1783 , detected a motion in our solar system with respect to

      the stars , aud announced that it was tending towards the star \ in the constellation Hercules . This has been generally verified by recent and more exact calculations , wlu ' ch fix on a . point in Hercules , near the star 143 of the 17 th hour , according to Piozzi ' s catalogue , as that towards which our sun is proceeding . It is , ' therefore , receding from the inner edge ot the ring . Motions of this kind , through such vast regions of space , must be long in producing any change sensible to the inhabitants of our planet , and it is not easy to grasp their general character ; but grounds have nevertheless been found for supposing that not only our sun , but the other suns of the system , pursue a wavy course round therms from tvest to east ,

      crossing and recrossing the middle of the annular circle . "Some stars will depart more , others less , from cither side of the equilibrium , according to the places in which they are situated , and according to the direction and the velocity with which they are put in motion . Our sun is probably one of those which depart furthest from it , and descend furthest into the empty space within the ring . "' According to this view , a time may come when we shall be much more iu the thick of the stars of our astral system than-, we are now , and have , of course , much more brilliant nocturnal skies ; but it may be countless ages before the eyes which are to see this added resplendence shall exist . —Vestiges of the Natural Historu of Creation .

      The Irish Movement. To The Nigut Hon. Sis Robert Peel , Ba.Wi.

      THE IRISH MOVEMENT . TO THE niGUT HON . SIS ROBERT PEEL , BA . WI .

      St . Jaiiath ' s , Tuam , Feast of St . Timothy , 1843 . Sir , —Whilst you survey with singular satisfaction the wide axtent of spiritual bondage over Great Britain , jou are doubtless mortified by the painful eouti-ast of the spiritual freedom of Ireland : ami , anxious for the diffusion of this religious thraldom , you fear that its reign cannot be permanent or secure until the light of its Catholic faith is extinguished in a country so contiguous as to bo likely to become contagious . It is not the first time that

      Ireland , an exception to the surrounding servitude , roused the envy of the despots who doomed its liberty to destruction . Such was the poHcy which , we are told by Tacitus , Agrippa had in contemplation . lie despaired of establishin g the dominion of the imperial arms over Britain and Caledonia as long as Irish freedom was , in the Ian . guage of the ancient historian , within view ; and you too , improving on his policy , despair of perpetuating the worse despotism of heresy under which the once favoured land of England groans , as long as the light and freedom Of the lloniatt Catholic faith burns with such steady strength and lustre in the neighbouring island .

      Hence the ' untiring exertions oT that Protestant ascendancy , still so hostile , to extinguish a religion which is a living reproach to the ' revolting- ei'rors Hint tlisiijrure the face of England . Witness the lamentable fruit of those errors iu the entire disorganisation of what is termed the Church of England , and iu the hideous intestine discord by which its crazy frame is falling asunder . Witness , too , the dreadful immorality which is their offspring" and the prevhleuce of those unprovoked and gratuitous crimes which , in despite of the insolence of its journalists and the homage which wealthy nations are sure to extol , even unto the palliation of their vices , have made the morM

      condition of England a word of warning over the civilised world . Are you ambitious to sink Ireland to the level of the same degrading social materialism ? Should you succeed , instead of the occasional outbreaks of revenge which humanity abhors , and which would have been frequent , were it not for the incessaut influence of religion and its priesthood , you would witness a fierce spirit of national indignation which , not two nor all , the spare legions within your command , could repress . So much 13 the trauquillityof the country and the stability of the throne beholden to the pious aud disinterested exertions of its calumniated priesthood .

      The lamentable state of social disorganisation to which I have alluded is felt and deplored by many of the English prelates , who confess they are unable to apply a remedy ; witness , for example , the ludicrous embarrassment of his Lordship of Exeter—to-day issuing his episcopal mandates for ecclesiastical uniformity , and revoking them again , it is said , at the imperious requisition of the Minister of the Crown . Such of the members of that body as possess a tolerable share of learning , whose intellect ranges beyond the small pale of the Anglican establishment , and the brief period of its disastrous schism , surveying the social happiness enjoyed by the nations when the church was not the chained handmaid of the Crown ,

      arc in a couuiiiun the mostpitiaule . « hue their zeal is animated by the heroic fortitude of the ancient champions of the freedom of the church , they fancy for a time that they can imitate then" example . Ifo sooner , however , do they engage in the attempt than they are obliged to own that from the establishment , though retaining some of the material features of a church , the spirit that animated aud informed it is gone ' . and instead of the holy vigour of an Ambrose or an Anselm , who arraigned the cruel delinquencies of Royalty itself , they are silent on the crimes of the nation , because they must regulate by the nod of a political Minister the nature of their pastoral instructions .

      Kb doubt you are anxious to bring about a similar reform in the Catholic church in Ireland . If so , you must expect it will be productive of the same disastrous . results upou morality and order . It is as a step to this complete subjection of the Catholic church to the state , which no doul > t is your aim , you have introduced the fatal measure of the Bequests Bill , and by its fruit you may judge of the wisdom of the policy which , in an evil hour , you have adopted . You have avowed that your difficulty was Ireland . Have you not increased and thickened those difficulties by this disastrous measure ? Never , within the memory of the oldest of its inhabitants , was Ireland in a state " of more frightful excitement ! And why ! From the encroachment you have striven , but I hope in vain , to make on the freedom of the Catholic religion . And allow me to teU you , in nil sincerity , that as you are now about meeting the Parliament , youi 1 first ineasure must

      be the repeal , the total repeal of that penal law , root and branch , if you wish to restore tranquillity to Ireland . I will not fatigue your or the public attention with the detail of any of the Brguments against this iniquitous law , that are now as familial as they are forcible . Whoever can resist the evidence adduced 1 > y Serjeant Shee , and principally by Mr . O'Connell , of the ruinous effects of that law , if uurepealed , on the best interests of the Catholic religion , must have an understanding steeled by prejudices wluch no argument can approach . The question has been so argued that persons the most illiterate , as well as the most enlightened , are in possession of those arguments , and hence an intellectual and religious opposition to that measure , deep , wide—embracing all orders and all classes—laity , clergy , priests and bishops , gentry and peasantry ; in short , spread over the entire country , and fast as the hold which their faith has on its people . AVhen it was announced that three estimable and

      venerated prelates were associated to the commission to carry this odious Act into eftect , the public mind was stunned , and a sudden grief fell on tllClwart Of tlie nation . TllCiv soitow was intense ; they felt by the novel connexion that tlie freedom of their church was in manifest danger , and the appointment , like a dam chafing ami fretting the current which it was intended to check , raised it still higher and gave it further force . There are not in the world a people who feel more veneration for their prelates than the Irish people , aud therefore you must suspect that the measure must be bad which could produce dissensions in a body the members of which the spirit of Catholic faith and concord keeps , in general , so closely compacted . It required no extraordinary sagacity to ' perccive thatyou , in looking for the aid of Catholic bishops , sought not to support the Catholic religion , or to xultits priesthood , but rather to buttress the tottering

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      fabric J > f Protestant ascen . dancy . .. ' If y . ou . ai 8 &ut ,. as ,. in policy as well as justice you " should have done , to legislate on a principle of common fairness , towards the Catholics , why not recognize in law those canonical rights and apostolical jurisdiction on which this penal law jncontestibly encroaches ? Yet , with the attempt to injure and degrade you , and a few hollow encomiasts , take credit to yourselves for acknowledging , for the first time , the rights and titles of the episcopacy in Ireland ! Yes , you acknowledge to insult them , and even the honour you show has in it all the bitterness of scornful derision . How do you honour even those venerable prelates whom you have made members of your misterial board ? By giving them the titles ofbisliops , without sees , and emblazoning over their heads the sole and exclusively legitimate titles of others to the same j sees which their sainted and heroic predecessors

      woultt never have consented to acknowledge . There cannot be two lawful bishops of the same see . The respective epithets of " Catholic" and " Protestant " might , if compromise could be at all admitted , mark tlie distinct sources of their apostolical or 1 'arlinnientai'y jurisdiction . But , instead of this , the Protestant prelates are blazoned forth as tlie Archbishops of Armagh and Dublin , without any qualification , while , in insulting and subordinate contrast , the Catholic prelates are announi'Gu as archbishops of—nowhere . But you give them a precedence , a rank in society ! Yes , you strip them of their rights , as far as in you lies . You amuse them with the shadow of ceremony , which is unmeaning but as far as it is significant of substantial rights anil duties . And you humble them with the condescension ofyour insulting patronage , such as you would exhibit to some exiled and fallen dynasty , fixing on them more strongly the gaze of pity , by the mockery of : v homage of

      which you disown the legitimate foundation . What would her Prime Minister think of the respect of any individual for royalty who would allow her Majesty the name of Queen , withholding her rightful titles of "Great Britain and Ireland , " on which it is founded ? Surely the recognition of her name could not disguise the want of fidelity necessarily included in any such omission of her rightful title . Of what inconsistency and confusion is not bigotry productive ? You would fain confer on some Of our bishops a Parliamentary jurisdiction which you are incompetent to give , and deprive others of thenapostolical jurisdiction , which you are as incompetent to take away ; and , by way of indemnifying the one for the indignity of master slaves , to which you labour to degrade them , you give them a ministerial license of making a similar invasion on the apostolical rights of their brethren . You expect that they will do all this to prolong the existence of that anti-national and odious

      establishment , some 01 whose prelates , their follow-benchers , poured forth hut the othoi' day their usual contributions of orthodox hatred on the idolatry and tyranny of the Church of Rome . But no ; more valuable by far than the degrading honours of the' oppressors of the faith are the confidence , the attachment , and affection of the devoted Catholics of Ireland , who ,, instead , of denying the titles , the jurisdiction of their beloved bishops , will revere them as the only legitimate occupants of the thrones which some of the most eminent of the successors of the apostles have adorned . Immediately connected with this subject is the affectation of a new-born reverence among the hereditary enc mies of Ireland for the rights of the Roman Pontiff . If you really revere the centre of Catholic unity , why endeavour to strip the Catholic bishoPB of their titles , which

      his Holiness has conferred , and without which , and the spiritual influence they confer , none of those bishops would be deemed worth a moment ' s negotiation to relieve the embarrassments of a Prime Minster ? Perhaps this feeling is like the prodigal's appreciation of virtue , from the habit of sinful courses , springing from the evidence of the disorders into which a privation of that light which issues from the Apostolic See has so long plunged tlic population of England . If so , tlien we should hail such a feeling , and help their faint and tottering steps in returniHg to the light and merciful consolations of that paternal home from which they have been so long straying . Oh ! uo ; it is the envious feeling of the fallen spirit at the happiness springing from truth and union ; . and their tongue , like his , strives to dart forth in glozing flattery the venom of destruction . They may spare themselves

      their officious solicitude about the conduct of the Catholics of Ireland . In the fight for their faith the Irish Catholics are no raw recruits . Thanks to the persecuting policy of England , and the atrocious code of her sanguinary edicts , the Irish Catholics , in defending their faith , have been made the most practised champions upon earth ; and they have not combated so triumphantly and so long without tlie conviction that they owe their signal triumphs to their unexampled fidelity to that holy chief whom their Master placed over the church for their guidance . They will then cling—as their pious ancestors have done—to the rock of Peter ; they shall labour , too , for the peaceful recovery of all those rights of which , on account of their attachment to the chair of Peter , they have been deprived ; nor shall they suffer any power of Parliamentary creation to

      intercept one particle of that homage we all owe his Holiness , or of that spiritual jurisdiction of which he is the best guardian . And , allow me to ask you , who are they who in reality are making inroads on the power of the Pope , and striving to make a mockery of his jurisdiction ? Is it we , who constitutionally labour for the repeal of the Bequests Act , which is repugnant to the canons of tlie church , and not in accordance with the principles of tlie Catholic religion , or those " who , without consulting the Holy See , strive , tyrannically , to enforce so penal an enactment ? Before the commission was named we sought , as was the duty of Catholics , that this question should be referred to the decision of the Holy Father . We ; were told , why ; refer , to the Holy Father a question regarding

      mere temporalities ? Such was the unceremonious way in which the authority of Rome was treated . The people meet , resolve , denounce the unconstitutional encroachment 011 their civil rights . They are told that they violate the Obedience due to their spiritual superiors by their deliberating and resolving on a matter which they should leave to a spiritual tribunal . Thus the Pope must not decide , because it is a temporal matter ; the people must not decide , because it is a spiritual concern ; and during this unprincipled and sophistical shifting , the prophecy of a , celebrated writer is sought to he realised by Hie erection of a ministerial and political Pap / icy in our own kingdom , directed by the nod of the Premier , disregarding on one hand the authority of the Pope , and on the other striving to crush the religious and political rights of the people .

      ¦ Whoever reflects on the career of Mr . Anthony Blake , his evidence before a committee in the House of Commons , and his being a member of this commission , must ( unless the commission be speedily dissolved ) entertain serious fears for the continuance of the Pope's substantial authority in Ireland . - ' vVhen I consider that he has been the old advocate of the veto , and of every measure for fettering the freedom of tUe Catholic church , the pliant and dexterous follower of every successive Administration , whether Whig or Tory , the self-appointed patron of Maynooth College , in order to project , I suppose , with Mr . Thomas Wyse , how far it may be feasible , by a little domestic eoneovdat , to effect some change in the system of the teaching of its faith , for an increase in its finances ; in short , the coccoction of a scheme of a Royal commission of bishops to manage the payment of the Catholic clergy , and to inflict the penalties of misdemeanour on the others who should not yield to the usurped powers of political bishops of the Parliamentary commission—when I

      consider how on that occasion he trifled with the authority of the Pope , recommending a course of penal legislation , and then leaving the Pope to shift for his own authority the best way he could—when I reflect that much of what has been suggested has been already done in establishing the commission of the Bequests Act , I am only consoled by the reflection that the mischievous projects of the man will be defeated by the pious zeal of the Catholics Of Ireland in procuring a total repeal of the law ; and were it not for this their zeal , I fear that as a public and political character , history would have to record , that since the disastrous event of Protestant ascendancy a worse importation , or one more fatal to the Catholic religion , thau this same Mr . Anthony Blake , was never wafted bacVto Ireland . To Lord Stanley this gentleman would be a most valuable acquisition in the colonies . How humiliating the prospect of the once glorious church of Ireland , when its pastors allow their holiest rights and duties to be invaded and usurped by such scheming political

      adventurers . I cannot , therefore , but deplore the misdirection of the patriotic feelings of some ardent Irishmen combating the phantom of a foreign temporal power while they are heedless of the enemy that it is threatening them at home . Instead of being alarmed at the exercise of any undue power from abrond , what is desirable is , to prevent any encroachment on the Pope ' s hallowed authority in protecting our church . Some are also in extasies rather imuioderate at the diploiuatin sinnouneemcht . tliiitnonego tiations are going forward on the affuirs of the Irish church between the Holy See and the British Government . Even should there not , what grounds are therefor

      congratulation ? What need you require a concordat , if , even without one , y 6 u can erect your commission at home , aud delegate to it a Parliamentary jurisdiction to invade the rights of the Cathplic hierarchy « What more do you require ? Lord Heytesbury hopes , indeed , that the Catholics of Ireland will , therefore , be contented ? Yes , they will be less suspicious when the Bequests Act is repealed and the Bequests Board dissolved ; otherwise his Excellency ' s proposition amounts to this : — "Be not alarmed ; we have only made a breach in the walls ot your church ; hold , forbear your meetings put confidence in as , your old and trusty friends , and we will pledge ourselves to halt at the gates and make no further advances on youv religion . " ' "

      It is also made a subject of similar congratulation , that should a concordat be negoeiated , all then would assist in averting such evils from the Catholic Church . Instead of wasting our solicitude on distant and contingent dangers , we ' should be alive to the imminent evils of tlie commission , now established at home , and labour to close the breach which has been recentl y made in tlie bulwarks of its holy discipline . It will not be enough to say— " Allow tlie present incipient usurpation of the vig ' hts oF the bishops to be firmly established , and in future they will obtain erery necessary assistance in repelling future

      aggression . " such is their mode of dealing with the evil who talk of amendments in the Act , iind the removal or modification of this or that objectionable clause , while tliey they allow the encroaching and invading principle of the commission itself—the vigorous root of the evil—to remain . No , the successful step of letting auy portion of the Act remain would onl y prompt you or * any other Minister to invite other prelates to join him in a fresh assau lt on our liberties , by another new commission stillinore penal : the example once given by good and enlightened men , of joining one commission iji disregard of the known wishes and feelings ' of , in ' general , the people , the . clergy ,

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      and the majority of . their brethren , might- be-successively adopted at some future d : \ . v by others Improving on Jg ^ modcls , until tlic ' citadel ^ of Catholicity would thus be surrendered , and almost all the sacred functions of the hierarchy be usurped by motley aggregations of political and Parliamentary commissioners . Let , then , your first recommendation to Parliament be the repeal of an Act which the mischief already produced should be a warning of the more awful calamities with which it is fraught . A law so penal to religion , and so utterly repugnant to the interests and declared will of the entire people , would , according to all sound civilians and jurists , be dowmvright tyranny to enforce . You feared , if we are to judge of the night combinations of law and armaments to which you resorted to crush them , the display of popular power cxliibited by the monster meetings .

      The malignant spirits of your Bequests Act has evoked a far more formidable agitation . Yes , the people of Ireland and its clergy love their country . They are solicitous for its prosperity , and will give evety aid compatible with their respective duties towards the restoration of a native Legislature . But they love their religion more—the one being a temporal and the other an eternal interest . Indeed , so much are Ireland aud tlie Catholic religion bound up together in tlw system of English domination , that it would be difficult to separate the interest of one from the other . To the spoliation of their country ' s rights religion has often reconciled the Irish people . Their history has attested that they are a nation who , for that holy religion , are ready to sacrifice their lives . " I am , your faithful servant , " f Joiiy , Archbishop of Tuam . " January 20 .

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      BANKRUPTS . ( From Friday ' s Gazette . Jan . ii . ) William Dettmer , Upper Marvlebone-street , pianofortemanufacturer—Henry Isaacs , Yarmouth , Norfolk , woollen-draper—George Hawkins , Colchester , clothier—L ioual lVatjing , Gilbert-street , Hanover-square , butcher-Samuel Smeeton , West Smithiiclil , fattlc-snlcsiiKin—Joseph Evans . I 5 ouvton-on-tlie-llill , Gloucestershire , innkeeper .

      DIVIDENDS . Feb . 14 , J . Overiugton , Arundel , plumber—Feb . 14 . J . Burgess , Cratfield , Suffolk , filmier—Feb . 14 , T . Sherwood , Tilehurst , briekinaker—Feb . 1 "> , C . Taj > p , Wigmore-street , Marylebone , coachmakcr—Feb . 14 , J . T . Mauud , Uirmingham , laceman—Feb . 13 , J . L . Ifeatliorn , AbehiuvH-lane , City , shipowner—Feb . 14 . W . Uroome and W . Hardy , Oxford-street , drapers—Pel ) . 18 , "W . Morrison , Globe-street , AVapping , cooper—Feb . 18 , J . W . Hobey , Upper John-street , Fitzroy-square , builder—Feb . 20 , J . and S . Owen , Sheffield , merchants—Feb . 6 , M . Seavy , Swrdur , Flintshire , maltster—Feb . 14 , B . Davics , Great Crosby , Lancashire , blacksmith .

      BANKRUPTS . ( From Tuesday's Gazette . ) Allen Huvrell , Park-place , St . John ' s Wood , wiue-incrchant—Charles Moore , St . John-street , Clevkenwcllj CiU'VCl —William Smith and Robert Smith , Bow-lane , City , warehousemen—Charles Mnvrage , Sewgate-market , carcassbutcher — William Fairclough , Liverpool , victualler — Charles Maxwell Wilkinson , Ulverston , Lancashire , wine , merchant — John Kelsall , Hanley , Staffordshire , fishmonger .

      DM 7 DEND . Feb . 20 , O . 0 . Smith , Kensington , builder . CERTIFICATES TO BE GRANTED , HXLES 8 CAUSE BE SHOWN TO THE COKTHAKY ON THE DAY OF MEETING . Feb . 18 , It . Cohnan and E . It . Hall , Colchester , ironfounders—Feb . 19 , T . G . Martin , Cold Harbour-Iune , CamueVWell , Wiue-inovi'hant—Feb . l !) , J . Stephenson , Bradford , Yorkshire , machine-maker—Feb . 19 , "W . S . Drnry , Chester , ironmonger—Fob . 19 , A . VT . Pollock , Liverpool " , commission-merchant—Feb . 20 , E . N . Wilson , Batley Carr , Yorkshire , common-brewer—Feb . li ) , E . Hemming , Astwoodhank , Worcestershire , needle-manufacturer— . Feb . IS , J . G . Webb , llosamond-ljuildings , Islington , mincral-watermanufactnrer—Feb . 18 , B . Jones , Birmingham , victualler .

      DECLARATIONS OF DIVIDENDS . II . Williams , Farringdon , Berkshire , grocer , first dividend of Is 3 d in the pound , any Wednesday , at tlie office of Mr . Follett , Sainhvook-uourt , Knsinghali-strect . _ S . Sly , Bouverie-street , Meet-street , pugrarcr , final dividend of Sju in the pound , ; i « y Wednesday , at tlie Office of Mv . Follett , Samurook-court , Basinghall-street . J . Smith and H . Titford , King-street , Snow-hill , engravers , first dividend of 4 Jd in the pound , any Wednesday ; at tlie office of Jlr . Follett , Samurooic-court , Basinghallstreet . II . Titford , King-street , Snow-hill , engraver , first dividend of !> s 4 d in the pound , any Wednesday , at tile office of Mr . Follett , Sambrook-court , Businghall-street . B . Bright , Wigmore-stveet , licensed victualler , first divi . dend of 2 s fed in the pouud , any Wednesday , at the office of Mr . Follett , Sambrook-court , Basinghall-street . 11 . Mitchell , Lime-street , City , merchant , second dividend of 9 d iu the pound , any Saturday , at the office of Mr , Green , Aldennanburv .

      11 . Hetherington , Ellen-grove , Cumberland , tanner , first and final dividend of 4 s 2 d and eight-fifteenths of a penny iu the pound , auy Saturday , at the office of Mr . Baker Neweastle-upon-T yne . J . Parker , Manchester , coacli builder , first and final dividend of 10 s in the pouud , any Wednesday , at the office of Mr . Pott , Manchester . J . Metcalfe , Liverpool , grocer , first dividend of Is Cd in the pound , any Thursday , at the office of Mr . Cazenove , Liverpool . J . and J . Gale , Love-lane , Shadwell , ropemakcrs , dividend of fid in the pound , on account , to new proofs , any Wednesday , at the office of ilr . Follett , Sambrook-eourt , Basinghall-street . E . Conden , Mitton-street , Dorset-square , builder , second dividend of 51 d in the pound , any Wednesday , at the office of Mr . Follett , SambrooU-court , Basingliall-Street . J . Heron , South Blyth , Xorthumberlaud , shipowner , first dividend of 9 d in the pound , any Saturday , at the office of Mr . Baker , Newcastle-upon-Tyne . W . Beanip , Newcastle-upon-Tyne , joiner , second and final dividend of 4 d and three-tenths of a penny in the pound , any Saturday , at tho office of Mv . Baker , Ncweastleupon-Tyne . * . ' . . . . ..

      E . Heron , South Blyth , Northumberland , shipowner , first dividend of 9 d in the pound , any Saturday , at the office of Mr . Baker , Newcastle-upon-Tyne . 1 { . Beesley , Wells-street , Oxford-Street , wine-cooper , first dividend of Is in the pound , on Monday next and following Monday , at the office of Mr . Alsagev , lUvcuiu-lane , City . T . H . Whitmarsh , George-street , Hanover-square , hotelkeeper , first dividend of 9 s in the pound , on Monday nest and following Monday , at the office of Mr . Alsager , BivoMn-lano , City . J , Avery , Mincing-lane , City , colonial broker , first divi . dendof 4 idin the pound , on Monday next and following Monday , at the office of Mr . Alsager , JUirchin-lane , City . A . Goodeve , Aldermanbury , City , warehouseman , first dividend of Is in the pound , on Monday next and following Mondnv , at tlie office of Mr . Alsager , Birchin-lane , City .

      PAllTNEESKIPS DISSOLVED . Leathers and Attwater , I ' alace-row , New-road , St . Paneras , grocers—J . Powell and A . Tunstull , Liverpool , pawnbrokers J . West and II . lVurson , Selby , Yorkshire , wharfingers-El Buckley ami F . Kcrslmw , Maucliostei ' , com hi on carriers—W . Mills and J . Hyles Maidstone , painters—J . and E . Jones , Wrexham , Denbighshire ; plumbers—T . II . Nevitt and J . Thomason , Tranmere , Cheshire , brewers—T . and J . Crofts , Belper , Derbyshire , mercers—F . Scholcfield and J . Dawson , High-street , Southwai'k , l'ililvoall CawieVs—\ V . Cu 8 > s 6 iis and J . Balderson , Huddersh ' eld , wool-staplers—1 ' . and J . Dallin , Ilfvacombe , . Devonshire ; , sail-makers—W . F . Newton and J . Kelk , Margaret-street , Cavendish-square , carpenters—J . Hayes and W . Bowler , Manchester , manufacturing chemists—J . Hegan , G-. H . Hall , and J . Hegan , Liverpool ,

      merchants—II . Hale and II . Iloldsworth , " estniinster-hrulije-roail , warehousemen—AY . K . aufl U . Meocli , T , lnrkberic , W . Robinson , and R . and J . Bivkbeek , Settle , Yorkshire , bankers : as far as regards It . and J . Birkbeck—E . Chesnay and M . O . un , Buuverie-stroet , Fleet-street , importers —T . Platt and II . Sutclitt ; Manchester , commission agents —J . F . Kemp and J . King , Hayes , Middlesex , brewers—D . Elias and ( J . Duxbury , Blackburn , Lancashire , cotton manufacturers—T . andG . Cox , Worcester , glove manufacturers—M . Hutchinson and J . L . Ward , Regent-street , electro-platers—It . 1 ' . Livingston and W . Cheetham , Nottingham , lace manufacturers—F . Austin and J . Seeley Keppcl-iw , New-road , artificial stone manufacturers-S . Bassnctt , It . Arrandale , and G . iiassnett , Dentou , Lancaster , hat manufacturers ; as far as regards It . Arrandale .

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      Loxdox Coil's Excju . vgg , Mo . vdai * , Ja . v . 2 " . —Use arrivals of wheat and barley from tlie east coast were again large ( luring the past week , but of English oats the receipts were very small . The supplies of malt and flop were rather plentiful , and or beans and peas quite an average quantity came to hand . From Scotland the receipts consisted of a few hundred qra . of barley , and about 4000 qrs . oats , whilst from Ireland the greater part of the supply of the latter article got up quite early in the week , very few cargoes having arrived since Monday last . At this morning ' s market there was a small show of wheat by land-carriagei samples from the neighbouring counties ; few oats fresh' up either coastwise , or from

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      Ireland , and onlra moderate display of beans or peas , but of barley the quantity "' offering was ' abundant . The demand for wheat whs languid iu the ' extreme , ' and considerable difficulty was experienced in making sales at last Monday ' s quotations . The transactions in free foreign wheat were on a restricted scale , and quotations remained much'tlic-same as on this day se ' nnight . In bond nothing whatever was done . Flour moved oft' slowly , and ship samples were rather easier to buy . Barley of all descriptions hung heavily on hand ; even the finest making qualities were the turn cheaper , and secondary sorts must again be noted Is . per qr . lower . The dull state of the barley trade influenced the sale of malt , and previous prices were lurch- maintained . For oafs a moderate

      inquiry was experienced , and in partial instances rather higher rates were obtained for fresh corn . Beans and peas moved off somewhat tardily , but neither article was cheaper than last week . There was a lively demand for winter tares at . very full rates . Cloversced continued dull , with prices tending downwards . Linseed brought quite as much money . Canayyseed sold slowly at last Monday ' s reduction . The following is the official statement of the stock of grain in bond in London fov the month ending Jan .. 5 : —Wheat 13 a , 112 , oats 23 , 154 , beans 2 , 050 , peas 1 , 517 qrs . ; flour 52 , M 0 cwt . Official statement of the stock of grain in Band in tlie United Kingdom tor the Month ending Jan . 6 : —Wheat oGl ' , 150 , barley 2 ,-lG-l , oats 74 , 483 , Iwans " 13 , 142 . was 7 , 304 qrs , ; flour 2 G 3 . C 01 ewt . l ' l

      CUKUEXT HUGHS OF CHAIN , PEU IMl'EIUAL QVAliTEll .-VriUtl ,, s s s s Wheat , Essex , it Kent , new & old red 4-J 48 White 50 5 t Xorfulk and Lincoln . ... do 43 40 Ditto 48 58 Jforthum . and Scotch wliite 42 4 ( i Fine 48 52 Irish red old 0 0 lk'd 42 H Wliite 45 48 Kyo 01 ( 1 31 32 New 30 oi' Brmik 35 38 Uarley Grinding . . 26 23 Distil . ' Ji ) 32 Malt . 33 37 Malt Drown .... 54 50 Vale 58 03 Ware 61 65 lieans Ticks old iVaewSO 31 Harrow 3 ; i 3 S Pigeon 38 42 l ' uas Orev . . v . . . . 31 ' 38 Maple ? . i 3 + White 86 40 Oats Liuuolns & Yorkshire i ' eert 21 24 Poland 23 25 Scotch Anjjus 22 it Potato 2 + 25 Irish White 21 ) 22 Ulaclc 20 22 Per 2801 b . net . s . s I Per 230 lb . net . s s Town-made Flour ... 42 44 | Norfolk it Stockton 33 Si Essex and Kent . . . . 3 i 35 | Irish 35 30 Free . Bond .

      foveisn . s s s Wheat , Dantsic , Konigsburg , « tc 52 fiO 3 G 40 Marks , Mecklenburg . , 4 . 8 51 S 2 35 Uunisli , liolstein , and jt ' rieslaud rod 44 47 '•> 30 — Itussiau , Hard 44 46 Soft ... 44 47 26 28 Italian , Hed . . iii 50 White ... 50 52 30 32 Spanish , Hard . ifi 50 Soft .... 18 53 80 82 lire , Baltic , Dried , ... 30 32 (/ mlried . . l ! l 32 21 22 Barley , Grinding . 2 « 28 Malting . . ' . si 34 22 30 Beans , Ticks . . 30 34 Egyptian . 31 32 26 30 Peas , White . . 36 58 . Maple . . 33 34 28 30 Oats , Dutch , Brew and Thick -J 5 _> 5 19 21 Kussian feed 21 22 15 16 Danish , Frieslami feed 21 23 15 17 Flour , per barrel j . j > . ' 8 19 21 )

      London Smitiifikld Cattle M . uuckt , Monday , Jan . 27- — Notwithstanding the general complaints which have existed for some time past , relative to the shortness of keep in the country , the amvals of beasts up to this morning ' s market were rather numerous for the time of year , and of considerably improved quality ; indeed , the supply of that description of stock on offer to-day was by far the best we have witnessed since the holding of tlic great Christmas market . This early commencement of tlic Norfolk season loads us to expect a continued arrival of well-made-up beasts from that and the neighbouring counties . The attendance of buyers was again tolerably numerous , yet the beef trade was in a very sluggish state , at a decline in tlic currencies obtained on this day su ' nnight , of 2 d . per Sib ., the highest quotation obtained for the best Scots not exceeding 4 s . per 81 b . As might be expected , the imports of live stock from abroad continue small , tliev having

      amounted , during tlic- week , to only thirty beasts ana sixty two sheep from Holland . To-day only a few head were on sale here , and which were in middling condition . From Norfolk , Suffolk , Essex , and Cambridgeshire , there were received COO Scots and homebveds ; from Lincolnshire , Leicestershire , and Nortlmniptonshire , 000 short-horns ; from tlie western and midland districts , 800 Hereford ' s , runts , J ) evons , ifcc . ; from other parts of England , 400 of various breeds ; and from Scotland , 190 horned and polled Scots : the remainder of the bullock supply oeing chiefly derived from the neighbourhood of the metropolis . ' The numbers of sheep were only moderate . I ' ov a \ l breeds we had an improved enquiry , at fully ; but at nothing quotable beyond , last week ' s prices . Calves , the supply of which was small , met a firm demand , at fully last Monday's quotations . Prime small pigs sold readily , other kinds slowly , at lato rates .

      By the quantities of 81 b ., sinking the ofta ! . s . d . s . d Inferior coarse beasts . . . 2 8 2 10 SGBondguality . . . . 3 0 3 4 Prime large oxen . .. 3638 Prime Scots , &u 3 10 4 0 Coarse inferior sheep ... 2 10 3 0 Second quality .... 3 2 3 G l ' riiiiu course wopUed . . . 38 -r 0 ri'imc Southdown .... I 2 4 4 Large coarse calves , . . 3 B 4 . 6 Prime small . . . . . 4 8 4 10 Suckling calves , each . . . 18 0 30 0 Large hogs ..... 5 640 Neat small porkers - - - 4 . a * o yuarter-oW store pigs , each , , 10 0 20 ( 1

      HEAD OF CATTLE OS SAtE , ( From the Books of the Clerk of the Market . ) Uctists , 3 , 032-Sheep , 24 , 420-Calve 3 , til—Pigs , 370 . Hat Markets . — Smitjifield . —Course meadow hay , £ 3 10 s to £ 4 IOs ; useful . ditto , £ 412 s to £ 5 3 a ; fine upland ditto , £ 5 4 s to £ o 8 s ; clover hay , £ 110 a to £ 6 ; oat straw , £ 1 12 s to £ 1 14 s ; wheat straw , £ 114 s to £ 116 s per load . A moderate supply , and a sluggish demand . * WiirrxciiArEL . —Course meadow hav , £ 3 10 s to £ 4 10 s , ' useful ditto , M 12 s to £ o ; hue upland ditto , £ 5 us to £ 5 Ss : clover hay £ A 8 s to £ 0 ; oat straw , £ 1 12 s ; to £ 1 Ms ; wheat straw , £ 1 14 s to £ 110 s per load . Trade on tho whole , dull , at the

      above quotations . Meat Mahkets . —Soi'THAWi , Jan . 29 . —Although the supply of stock here ' this morning was seasonably good , the demand was tolerably steady , and lasfc week ' s quotations were supported . Beef , " from 2 s lOd to 4 a ; mutton , 3 s lOd to 4 s 4 d ; veal , 3 s Sd to 4 s 8 d ; and pork , 2 s 1 Od to 4 s 4 d per 81 bs . Supply : —beasts , 40 ; sheep , l ' r $ P '> calves , 41 ; pig . ? , 54 , Komfobd / Jan . 20 . —Prime mutton and veal com . , manded a steady sale , at full prices ; but otherwise the trade ruled dull . Beef , from 2 s 8 d to 'Is ; mutton , 2 s lOd to 4 s 0 d ; veal , 3 s 8 d to 4 s Ss ; and pork , 2 s lOd to 4 s 4 d per 811 k . Suckling calves , 18 s to 30 s ; quar- . tor-old stove pigs , IBs to 18 a ; milch cows , with their small calf , £ 16 to £ 19 each .

      Liverpool Cor . v Market .. —Monday , Jan . 27 . — With a liberal supply of flour , we have to report a fair arrival of wheat , oats , and oatmeal from Ireland , but the week ' s imports of grain , &c ., are otherwise of small amount . No change has occurred in the duties on foreign produce . The course of the trade has varied little , if at all , from that which lias marked it for some weeks past . Wheat in limited demand , but holders firm , and prices steady . Flour has moved slowly , at previous rates . At Friday ' s market , oats were offering at 3 d . to Id . per bushel below Tuesday ' s rates , and few could be sold ; very good mealing were disposed of at 8 s . id . por 45 lbs . No alteration is made iu the quotations tbv oatmeal , but this avticls also lias met a dull sale . _ In barley , beans , and peas there has been little passing .

      Maxchester Cor . y Aiarket . —Friday , Jan . 25 . — The trade throughout the week lias been generally of a lifeless character , tne tvsmsnctions in an articles , having been confined to the purchases made by necessitous buyers for the supply of their immediate wants , without material variation from the previous currency . At our market this morning a very languid inquiry \ vas experienced for wheat , and , except for the choicest runs , the rates of this day se ' nnight were not obtainable in the limited business passing . Flour met a very slow s : ile , and barely supported the previous quotations . Both oats and oatmeal were likewise in but moderate demand , and the'former , article must be noted id . to Id . per 45 lbs . cheaper . Beans without cliange .

      Liverpool Cattle Market . —Monday , Jan . 24 . — We have had a fair supply of all kinds of stock at market to-day , with little or no variation in prices . Beef , old . to 6 d . ; Mutton , Cid . to . fjjd . per lb .-Cattle imported into Liverpool , from-the 20 th to the 27 th Jan . : —Cows , 1 , 231 ; calves , 31 T ; sheep , 4 , 042 ; liimbs , 0 pigs , G , 7 C 8 ; horses , 91 . Richmond Cons MAiiKET , Jax . 25 . —We had a good supply of grain in our market to-day , and the prices were " rather lower than last week . Wheat sold from os . to 7 s . ; oats , 2 s . to 3 s . ; barley , 3 s . Cd . to 3 s . 9 d . ; beans , 4 s . 6 d . to os . per bushel . York Corn Market , Jax . 25 . —We are well supplied with oats and wheat , but the quantity of barley offering is less than for some weeks past . Wheat fully supports last week's prices ; barley the turn lower ; oats dull sale , at a decline of one farthsng per stone ; Beans as before .

      Malton Corx Market , Jax . 25 . —We have a fair supply of wheat , but moderate of barley and oats , offering to this day ' s market . Wheat and oats same as last week ; barley rather lower . Wheat , red , new , 41 s to 43 s ; white ditto , 4 Ss to 52 s ; red ditto , old , 50 s to 52 s ; white ditto , 52 s to 5 Cs per qr . of 40 st . Barley , 2 Cs to Sis per qr . of 32 st . Oats , 9 d to lOd per stone . Lueds Cloth Markets . —Thorc continues to bo k fair avora « c amount of business done both at the Cloth Halls and warehouses , and many of the manu facturers , we understand , are busily engaged in working to order .

      Le £ i > s Conx Market , Tuesday , Jan . 28 . —W » have a much smaller arrival of wheat this week than lust , and the condition is now improving , but with the dull report from Mark-lane , the-trade is heavy here to-day : wheat is , however , held firmly at last week ' s prices , and the sales are limited , even of fine qualities , while secondary descriptions are still neglected . Barley is Is . lower , and inferior qualities exceedingly dull at a greater decline . No , change in OAts , beans , or shelling ., . .... ¦

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      Market Intelligence.

      MARKET INTELLIGENCE .

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      © antmipts , &c .

      Untitled Article

      Mixing Accidekts . —On Thursday morning week another melancholy accident happened in a coal-pit at Tipton , near Dudley , belonging to a Mr . Williams , by which three lives were lost . It appears that the three deceased were at their usual works , with three others , in the pit , and had made a large excavation under a bed of coal , and also were removing the top or soft coal from above , as a preparation for blasting with gunpowder , but before all was in readiness the portion of coal gave way , and although they saw it coming , it fell upon the three ill-fated men and crushed them to death ; the other three escaped unhurt . In as short a . time as possible they were got out , but were quite dead and much mutilated . Two of the

      sufferers weremarried , 1 indhave ) eftwivesand families ; the other was unmarried . A young man named Smith , who assisted , in extricating his brother , one of tho above unfortunates , from under the mass of coal that fell upon them , was at work on the Mowing day in a coal-pit adjoining , and met with a similar accident , a large quantity of coal falling upon him and causing his death . —Another dreadful accident , though-not attended with fatal consequences , occurred at an iron-stone mine at Cosoly , near Tipton , on Saturday last . The colliers having lately held out for a rise of wages , and obtained it , the miners in the above pit , and others in the neighbourhood ,

      have likewise demanded an equal rise with tlie col-Here , but which was not agreed to by tlie masters , who would only consent to a rise of 3 d . per day instead of 6 d . The men , however , who were employed in the above pit at length agreed to resume their work at the 3 d . per day rise ; and on Saturday morning last five of them were being let down into the pit , when , before they had reached the bottom , tlie chain broke , and they fell to the bottom of the pit and the whole length of chain fell upon them . When they were taken up each one had a limb broken , and was otherwise dreadfully bruised , but fortunately none were killed . —Worcester Journal .

      Untitled Article

      f ' y ^ ' THE NORTHERN STAR , 7

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 1, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1300/page/7/