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Leader (1850-1860), 17th September 1853, Edition Country of 2, Page 1

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    • Contort*:. »——
    • jta nf Ik 30eek.
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    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

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      ' ¦ ' .,. ' ¦ - ¦ . - ¦ . , ' ^- - -—- -...

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      " The One Iaea Which History Exhibits As...

      " The one iaea which History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men . by prejudice and one-sided views ; and by setting aside ths distinctions of Religion Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature . "— Htimholdt's Cosmos .

      Contort*:. »——

      Contort * :. »——

      Mcw/<; Of The Week— Packs Curiosities Of...

      Mcw /<; OF THE WEEK— packs Curiosities of Justice ... 896 The Two Emperors ; or , the Wars of PORTFOLIOld ^ StS £ = ~ :: z :: S- £ = ^» ' ! ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: S s ^™ ° ^ .:::::::::::: S ; » 2 gS ^ S « S . ™ : ~ ::: z : S . ¦ ¦ "'• f *™ " » - t B . 893 OPENOOUNC " - ZT ^ , * . ' ..... » Continental Notes 892 England ' s True Answer to Russia ... 898 English and American Cutlery 903 . India and China 891 Essentials of a New Reform Bill 898 Holyrood Palace 903 Australian Romance 894 Advance of America in Europe 899 Healthof London duringthe Week ... 910 Country Parties 894 Analysis of a Murderer ... 899 LITERATURE— Births , Marriages , and Deaths 910 The Barnstaple Briberies .. 894 The Way to Live a Thousand Years 900 M ' The Cholera in England 895 What onEarth is to be Done ? . 900 Books on our Table 9 U & COMMERCIAL AFFAIRSStox 7 of a S . ¦ ........:.... ...... . 895 The Earl of Clarendon ..... ¦¦ .. 901 met ... 907 tisements , & c 910-912

      Vol. Iv. No. 182.1 Saturday, September 1...

      VOL . IV . No . 182 . 1 SATURDAY , SEPTEMBER 17 , 1853 . . [ Price Sixpence .

      Jta Nf Ik 30eek.

      jta nf Ik 30 eek .

      Russia Has Rejected The Turkish Modifica...

      RUSSIA has rejected the Turkish modifications of the Vienna Note , and offered to sign the original draft j has promised to evacuate the Principalities ; and has marched a new division into them . These two couples of facts tolerably represent the actual state of the Russo -Turkish affair . Turkey is still making ready , with a zealous soldiery , impatient for conflict , and fortifications almost too extensive to be defended ; and

      therefore by some suspected as Russian traps , prepared through the instrumentality of the renegade leaders whom Turkey employs . The Four Powers have committed a fatal blunder : they have undertaken to mediate between two disputants , where one was the aggressor and the other the aggrieved , and they have so managed as to raise objections on the part of the weaker Power too reasonable to be gainsaid ; while the very proposition to amend the course of proceeding is rejected by the unreasonable Power ; too powerful to be arrested . Thus stands the matter between Turkey and Russia .

      The Emperor Nicholas appears to be resorting to another action , besides that of his ordinary agents and his armies . He has made an engagement to meet the Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria at Olm utz , on the 23 rd of this month ; "nd when the meeting is arranged by the aged and craft y Nicholas with the young and ambitious I ' rancis Joseph , it is naturally expected that the ° > d Emperor means to teach the young one how

      to bully and be bullied—how to employ agents II »< spies—how to oppress nations and to extend his territories—to war upon the weak , and bow t () the strong . Hitherto , Francis Joseph Imis l >» 'oved a capable student ; and if he can be seduced r the Conference at Vienna , he may make him-Se 'i once more the instrument for coercing nations , and c ompressing them into that precarious Austrian j ^ n pire which Russia already regards as a Russian ¦ v ' npire hnlf converted .

      A he Four Powers , who still hang together in i nference , have bit upon a kind of device to get ° » t of t he difficulty—it is to persuade Turkey to 8 I " t ' Note which Russia will not have modified , lul to make an independent declaration on their J * P' » t , interpreting the Note to mean what jj " ? Avisllcs to mnko it say by the modifications . y tins means the Four Powers would evade o UHsill > and would secure to Turkey the assurance '" dependence ; while they have already nailed

      the acceptance of Russia to the Vienna text . . The device is not very dignified , but it is possible that it may be accepted , if Turkey can be made to feel any confidence in a guarantee of her independence offered by the Four Powers , who dare not enforce their mediation upon Russia , dare not stand by their own inclination to accept the dictation of the Northern Power , and teach Turkey a special meaning to their own text .

      The position of our own Government is not yet known to the public , if it is to Ministers themselves . There appears to be no inconsiderable perplexity in high quarters as to the right course to be taken . The supposition is , that Downing-street has not improved upon the suggestion of the Four Powers , that Turkey should sign the Note with the explanation from the Four Powers , and should thus , in fact , secure to itself a

      " guarantee" which it does not yet possess against the pretensions of Russia . There is some truth in this representation . But it appears to be totally inconsistent with the views set forth in Lord Clarendon ' s Note , authenticated this week by the Times , a French version of it having been surreptitiously published in the Observateur d' Athhtcs . In that Note , he showed

      that the claims of Russia , so far as they were just , respecting the privileges of the Greek Christians and the custody of the Holy Places , had been conceded by Turkey ; that the invasion of the Principalities was an unwarrantable violation of Turkish territory , that the pretext of making it in consequence of the advance of the combined fleets was false , and that England only took up her position by the side of Turkey as the defender of that Power , on grounds of justice and public Jaw . Nothing could be clearer as a statement of national policy than

      Lord Clarendon ' s letter ; but how is it reconcileable with the total sacrifice of this pure right on the side of Turkey , in order to conciliate the peremptory caprice of the invader of her territory and the violator of public law' { : The device resorted to by the Four Powers , if it be adopted as an expedient by England , is a sacrifice of her national honour to that which England professes to despise—a dishonest expediency . Nothing is made of the natural and just pride of the Turk , because apparently English statesmen , like the English people , have lost all pride of their own .

      The warlike rumours from the East arc the most evident cause of the decline in the public funds , which have this week reached an low a quotation ns 95 for money . The late Government

      used to boast , that during its administration the funds continued to rise , and that they stoocLabove par . If the House of Commons were sitting , and Mr . Disraeli had- the opportunity of doing it with more effect than he could amongst the Royal Bucks , he would no doubt point to a quotation of 95 as a reproach , not more to Mr . Gladstone , the Finance Minister , than to Lord Clarendon , the Foreign Minister , and Lord Aberdeen , the Premier . And there would he real grounds for the reproach . So long as we were maintaining a firm and even threatenine attitude towards Russia , our

      policy was successful ; Russia was forced to give way , and notwithstanding the rumours of imminent war , the quotations of Consols remained firm . There is no doubt that since we fell to compromising in conjunction with Austria , the public confidence has diminished . It would , however , be unjust to Government , and misleading to our readers , if we pointed to the state of the public funds as caused alone by

      the political aspect of affairs . The true and most efficient cause is—that already more than once explained—the strain upon the capital of the country , in providing for all the demands of a vastly extended commerce . Commerce , indeed , is as prosperous as ever . Those who are now busily circulating predictions of " a crash , " if they are justified at all , are justified only in so fur as there is an admitted difficulty to make both ends meet . The business is as sound as ever ; the profit

      on most transactions is as substantial , but the long circuit which some operations of our trade have to make , even to the antipodes ; the allowances of time which we give for payments , without taking it ourselves ; the number of entcrprizes contributing to make the speculator require the money faster than he can get it to spin round ; and hence he is for the moment as if he were poorer . The pressure on the money market from political causes increases his difficulty . There arc , indeed , also substantial difficulties in some of our commercial relations—that of speculations which rest in part upon commercial connexions with France

      —upon " a rotten foundation , must be admitted . And the absurd action of the French Government , in its endeavouring to find means for feeding and amusing the people , while the Emperor and his satellites arc pursuing their own game , threatens with Bankruptcy the traders of hit * own capital , and may thus inflict upon uh some share of the evil . Even in our own country there arc difficulties Some of die working-classea—it would bo in-

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 17, 1853, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_17091853/page/1/