Current:

Leader (1850-1860), 1st January 1859, Edition 2 of 2, Page 22, D«at« or Lom> Oltdio'b Fatohb.-The voner...

Page 22
Page 22
22 of 32

On this page

  • Text (6)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      India Ix 1s5s And India In T 1859. The R...

      , jm _ MJ . G y .. vuiiu w * - ****« ^ " ~ * w * . . for public works . „ The public works of India have , notwithstanding the necessities of the Government , been materially extended . The three presidential railways haveopened a further mileage , and have each reached a useful working length , bat the promotion of the railway system is provided by the concession of lines from Calcutta to the Mullah , -and -from the same city to T > acca , with the acknowledgment of the line from Calcutta to Darjeekng , by the consolidatioii of the undertakings in the valley ot the Indus , by providing a southern line for Madras , and the steady growth of the Bombay and Baroda Hailway . The electric telegraph , which has proved a valuable political servant , is beginning j to be ot use to commerce , and has been extended beyond the Strait of Manaar to Ceylon . Steam has become more fruitful on the Ganges and the Indus , and- has made an opening on the Gogra while , being an enterprise of acknowledged profit , it must nowrapidl y spread and include within its operations ' the nvers of India . More attention has been given to cotton , which will be a means of promoting local improvements , tea and coffee are affording employment to ¦ European cultivators , the raw products of India are engaging the capital of our merchants , and coal is anSablished ; resource of tl ^ e country . The successful application of gas in India will bejp encouragement to this Jbranch of mining . The great boon to India , however , beyond even the railway guarantees , is the further concession of public works to joint-stock enterprise , by tho establishment of the Madras Irrigation Company , which will give a great stimulus to the productive

      resources of India . ,, ... The ., finances of India must still be regarded with some anxiety * because they must be brought under the , same wholesome operation as the other institutions , of India j and though the timid in India and at-home , may regard it with dread , it is a . great con « rfltulation . that during the period of transition India can have the support of home credit ., lhat the opium duties are doomed , and that the salt tax niU 8 tn > e abolished , few having tho least foresight can doubt : but India can bo earned through a crisis , not severer than that to winch she has booii Bubjeoted by wars of conquest and by internal revolt ; The temporary dofioit is to be covered by tlie creation of fresh resources , by the vigorous prosecution of public works , and by the free development of private enterprise . Guarantees can weigh but for a time ,, even nominally , on tie Indian exchequer , and reproductive pubho works need ; no longer be stayed whon the European woney-market is open , wherein the governments ^ fi'Wi . ' k ^^ n , Ti ^ nain nnrl Anstria find that abundant

      ¦ ¦*¦» and the central stations of the Himalayas are be-SmSg the basis of miHtary power m the North-W year has the advancement of the natives teen more real than in this year notwithstanding aU expressions of hatred and vmdictiveness . Venceance has fallen upon our enemies of the revoWbut prosperity beams witlv greater promise on the inas ^ of Sur subjects . Unless on the scene of war , their condition has generally improved , waees have risen * prices are more favourable , taxat iotHess . heavily arid less bitterly felt , and the efforts made for their material prosperity in the last few-years are bearing fruit . At the same time a most salutary check fias been placed on Young India , and native aspirations to political and administrative powers are brought witkui due bounds . Nothing , indeed ,. could be more fatal than the system of theTate Government , which would have resulted in placing the military , police , and central adinimstra ? iv ^ power in the " hands of the natives before they had received political and municipal education , before they had Wn trained in the habits of citizens , or disciplined in the due observance of social obligations . . _ . , The position of the EngUsh settlers in India has undoubtedl y brightened . They feel they jure no longer cut off as outlaws and admitted on sufferance as Siterlopers , but that-. they carry with them their own rights as citizens and have free scope for . their lawful exertions . ' This is a inamfestatipn of strength untold for the advancement of India , beyond any . „ : a—^ t'o ' rkf + TiorJrnrprnmRnt and all the ffuarantees

      resouroes suffice for large demands . China ana Jhpan will open fresh channels of trade to India , and everything promises her a oaree ^ of vast pro - sperity \ fnder enligUtened and zealous adnunistra * txdn ,

      ¦ ¦' . • , ' . ' • '¦ . ¦ ? ¦ : • ¦ . ¦ ...

      ¦ ¦' . , ' . ' '¦ . ¦ ? ¦ : ¦ . ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ . - . »;¦ in > uBa _

      [ No . 458 , January I , 1859 .

      India. Cax.Ctrrra Papers To The 23rd ^ N...

      INDIA . CAX . ctrrrA papers to the 23 rd ^ November have been received but their news had been anticipated by the Bombay mail , w hich came down to the 25 tb , Jffoj *^ ben The journals give a favourable impression of th > conse quences of the Indian Proclamation and the ' General Amnestv . They state that the respectable passes belonSng to the native population are disposed to yield obSce and to regard the establishment of t ^ gj **? diiect authority with pleasure . The officials would appear to be doing something in order to convince Indm that the Proclamation is real , for ^ Y ^ V ^ S condemned to die being released , and sent out with copies of the royal document , so that they may be h > ng proofs of the mercy which it reveals . Addresses to her Majesty are being prepared in several places , and -there . wHl be no end of loyal professions and good wishes . " There are also , " says a Calcutta journal , « several among the native princes who , we are tol . ; ^ £ ; lowing the . example , and her Majesty will , therefore , receive quite a rare collection of autographs , which may serve as an addition to her Majesty's private museum , CHARACTER OF THE ADDRESSES . The Times correspondent says : — " All over India the Proclamation has been received with a tame uniformity of approval , and all classes are preparing loyal addresses to her Majesty . They are , without an exception , decorous and formal , being usually drawn up by English barristers , and signed by as many natives as happen to 1 see them . Not that they are not genuine- As far a * . l ' can learn , all classes of the population most decidedly " approve the change ; but address-writing is not the < Asiatic way of expressing delight , and in adopting an '¦ English fashion the natives lose their originality .

      China. Advices From Shanghai Are To The ...

      CHINA . Advices from Shanghai are to the 6 th November . The new tariff and trade regulations were to be signed on that day by Lord Elgin . It is understood that the duties on imports have been fixed at an ad valorem rate of 5 per cent ., and on exports-to approximate the same rate . The duty on tea and silk is to remaiu the same as before . The duty on opium is fixed af the rate of 30 taels per chest , buf the article is not to have the benefit of the in- , land transit clause . It is stated that all the Plenipotentiaries have agreed to the arrangements regarding the trade regulations and tariff ; Lord Elgin proceeded up the Yang-tserKiang on the 8 th November , accompanied by the Retribution , Furious , and Cruiser , and the gunboats Lee and Dove . It was his intention to go up to Hankow , the westernmost of the ports to be opened to foreign trade . As the expedition would have to pass Nankin , and other cities held by the rebels , it waa a question whether its progress would be interfered with . It was expected that the expedition would be absent at least three weeks . It was reported that the rebels from Nankin had been committing great destruction among the places in that neighbourhood . At Canton , matters , so far as trade is concerned , hove improved considerably since the date of our last . Several , vessels have left with the new teas , and others are on the point of getting away . For imports , also , the demand is increasing . The British Consul has again resumed his post there . > Sir John Bowring has been suffering from severe illne 3 B , and it is expected that he will go to Manilla for the benefit of his health . This will probably cause a delay In the prosecution of Sir John ' s favourite scheme—the formation of a sea wall , road , and frontage , which are said to be much required for the health , safety , and adornment of Hong-Kong .

      Cochin-China. The French Emperor's, Char...

      COCHIN-CHINA . The French Emperor ' s , chartered steam transport Scotland , Captain Kendall , arrived at Hong Kong from Turaon , on the 18 th November , having stopped at Mncao to land thirty men and three officers ; all suffering severely from fever and dysentery . Four out of nine Spanish transports which had left Manilla with cavalry had arrived , and landed the meu and horses ia good order . There had been no fighting during the period of the Scotland ' s absence , but an advance on Seguin was to take place early next month . Hue" wiU not b © attacked until the north-east monsoon is well advanced . The troops , especially French , are suffering terribly from dysentery . The China Mail soys that at Manilla , on the 26 th ultimo , three Annameso mandarins , who had boon captured by the . allied French and Spanish force , were presented to the Captain-General of the Philippines , and It was with some difficulty they wore assured that it is not the custom of civilised nations to torture and put to death prisoners of war . They had good reason , from « Via s » r » Vwiii /> t r \ t thnlp nnrn nnnntrvmnn and neighbours . tt Ml w » iv nr > — -- — t «

      ---bHV WIIHWfN V * fc . H ^ oif m * -w » vmj- * ^ — . ^ ' f In dreading death at the hands of their captors . ; for two- French Roman Catholic bishops have . Buffered martyrdom in Central Tonqnln within the last two years . One of these , Monaoigaeur Molchior , died so lately as the 28 th , July , 18 D 8 .

      =-.. '" • .. - •' ' . ¦ . -¦- ' . ¦ T^ O...

      =-.. '" .. - •' ' . ¦ . - ¦ - ' . ¦ T ^ OUR LAND DIFFICULTIES . ( From the Melbourne Herald . ) . GfeNTLBHEN}—In the Home News- of the . 17 th May * under the title of "Spirit of the Journals , " is an article headed " Mismanagement in Australia , " " quoted from your paper ; and what is very ¦' singular , the only quotation given ; as an illustration of the " Spirit of the Journals . " ..,.-, The influence of the Times throughout the civilised world is such that to pretend to ignore any statementr therein made , simply on account of its incorrectness , however self-convicting the article may be , is puerile r it requires to be positively contradicted upon good authority ; and this very power of the press involves a respo nsibility which , in regard to colonial matters , I fear is not sufficiently felt . Statementsmade by prejudiced or interested persons , who are supnosed , and rightly so , to be in a position to give Rood and correct information , are taken without clue caution as to the facts of the case being truly set forth , or the motives of the parties stating them - and nothing , however monstrous , seems too . absurd to fasten on the poor Australians . Witness , ior instance , your greedily swallowing the hoax ot the ' " Croons" correspondence , and now again in the article which has called forth these remarks . I fear to make this letter too long , or 1 t . tn . 9 y not be read by you , pr published in the journal which 1 hope w ill kindly act as a medium of commumcati on , otherwise I might More fully retort upon you the whole pith of your article , commencing with even Dryden ' s theory of " remoteness of place having the same effect as remoteness of time , " and ending with a complete statistical refutation of the statement that the population of this colony is running out almost as fast as it poured in . You state . " The lands of Australia , as we have icw

      often shown , are locked-up in comparatively hands . Fixity of tenure , under different names and under different circumstances , has been . given to . those who originally took possession of them . xms is simply and notoriously untrue—there is not a single acre of land held by any individuaL ^ in the whole colony of Victoria with a fixity of tenure , that has not been purchased from the Crown , and paid for in hard cash ; the squatters have only annual licenses , and even these licenses , during the year for which they have been granted , have proved , no protection against , perhaps , the best portion ot their run being sold , and in such sections and . in such a manner as not to give the squatter : a chance of purchasing a block large enough whereon he could run even a small flock of sheep , without the severest competition with every class or the community , from the nmn with his 501 . to the large speculating capitalist . , . . „ : ? ¦ „„ t Again , you ask a question and state a P ° «* J ° S J will Answer the on * and upset the other . What is " a successful gold-digger , who has saved 1000 / , ta do with such a sum in Victoria ? ....... ine natural resource of such a man the purchase and cultivation of a small farm—is denied him . ' With his 1000 / . he could purchase more land of the best description than he could cultivate—build himself a sufficient homestead , with ample money lelt lor cattle and tools , as well as to pay . wages and provide rations until the crops came in . The surveyorgeneral has just reported a half-million of acres as Being surveyed and ready for the market , and the Gazette shows , week after week , that no man need be without land if he-has money to purchase it . It would take a pamphlet to go into tho whole question you have raised in your article , which , in its general tenor , is- quite erroneous and very mischievous j your facts upon which yoii ground 3 our ~™ m ™ ta ni-A fnilnniniifl : of cours ^ i the

      superstruc-,, turo raised on them cannot stand , and believing , as I do , in the Times , I cannot but regret ; that the conductors of such a journal should have allowed sue 1 a carelessly written article , affecting as it does 1 tno most material interests of one of the finest and most nourishing colonies in tho universe , to have found i » way into its columns . .. ... .. The cause of the comparative absence of cultivation in Victoria ( and even on this head you are greatly misinformed ) , is to be sought for in other circumstances than , tho land regulations , which X assure you do > not operate in tho mannor you suppose . . These causes * propose to explain bo soon as I can find sufficient leisure . In the mean time , as population w . our niosB osflentlftl want , and your article having a direct tendency to deter the intending emigrant from look > nB to this colony as his final roBting-placo , I could . , n < g resist the desire to contradict your statements , ana , which contradiction ; I am convinced , will J ? ® J dorsed by every well-informed porson in tho colony . I remain , gentlemen , 7 ^^^! PSSS ^ b . Melbourne , Cth August , 1858 .

      D«At« Or Lom> Oltdio'b Fatohb.-The Voner...

      D « at « or Lom > Oltdio ' b Fatohb .-The vonernbla parent of our Indian Gomnmndor-in-Ch of < H « 1 « s branton , on the 22 nd December , « t * very ndvnnood ng , and was interred on Monday , in Wnrrlaton Cemetery . The funeral was strictly private .

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 1, 1859, page 22, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_01011859/page/22/