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Mat 3, 1856] THE LEADER. 421
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THE WALEWSKI MYSTERY. rURTHEE PARTICULAR...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The Protocols. - Taia Protocols Establis...
Danube ; the destruction of the forts on the eastern coast of the Black Sea ; the peremptory application of the neutral principle to Nicolaieff , Kherson , and the Sea of Azof ; the substitution of the frontier between Adiibranii and Chotym for that between Zalkszczyky and the Khas Elias mouth of the Danube ; the limitation of the Black Sea marine to police vessels ; and the admission of the Sultan ' s right to establish relations
with his Christiau subjects , free from all control on the part of the negotiating Powers . On these subjects the Russian Plenipotentiaries endeavoured to obtain a modification of the terms proposed in behalf of Turkey and the " Western Powers . Their opposition , however , appeared experimental . Neither Lord Clarendon nor Count " WAiiEWSKi held a very decided tone with reference to the demarcation . of the I ) a-
nubian frontier ; their first reply was a concession . They adhered to the principle of the Vienna " point , " but admitted at once that they only refused to depart " entirely " from it . This gave Count Orloff an advantage . He immediately complimented the conciliatory spirit of the Allies , drew a fresh line upon the map , and cut off from Moldavia a considerable proportion of the territory which had been assigned to it in the diplomatic propositions of the Western Powers . He was successful , also , in excluding from the Treaty a stipulation for the disarmament of the Russian territories on the eastern coast of the Black Sea .
Other stipulations , to which the Russian Plenipotentiaries at the outset objected , were finally admitted to the full extent , in principle , though with modification of forms and detail . It was impossible to deny , after the production of the Organic Statute , by Aali Pacha , that the word " protectorate" had been employed . It was equally impossible , therefore , to refuse the renunciation , not of guarantees only , but of the exclusive protectorate of the Principalities . Count Obloff assented , also , after some discussion , to the
admission into the Black Sea of light police vessels under the flags of all the Powers ; to the abolition of the forts on all parts of the coast , so far as they can be construed to have existed as military-maritime arsenals ; and , by a recorded declaration , though not by a clause in the Treaty , to the neutralization of Nicolaieff , Kherson , and the entire Sea of Azof . In proof of his sincerityin this respect , the Emperor Alexander proposes to demand from the Sultan a free passage through the Dardanelles for the two ships of the line which alone
constitute his naval forco at Nicolaicff . These vessels will proceed to the Baltic , leaving the Euxine without formidable armaments of any description . The rectification of the Asiatic frontier was assented to upon the understanding , to which Austria had previously pledged herself , that it should involve no cessions of territory on either Hide . " When these- bases were sottlod , clauses were rapidly added to tho Treaty . The revision of the Dardanelles Convention , tho neutralization of the Aland Isles , tho restitution of Kara , the admission of Consuls to tho Black Sea ports , the
prohibition of military-maritime arsenals on the actual coast of the Black Sea , tho freedom of tho Danube , tho exchange of territories and prisoners , tho amnesty to subjects of all tho states compromised by tho war , the guarantee of tho Moldo-Wailaehian provinces from political and military intervention , and tho renunciation of separate privileged and guarantees , were agreed to after conciliatory diueuBsions . On the subject of the Danubian Principalities opinions were strongly divided . Tho Plenipotentiaries of . Franco , ( ireat Britain , Sardinia , nnd . Iviisnia concurred in tho declaration that Moldavia and Wiillachia
should form one government . This idea was distinctly opposed by the Porte and by Austria . On the one side , it was contended that the union of the Principalities would be an invasion of their rights , and an act of violence to the feelings of the majority . On the other , it was shown that the inhabitants have repeatedly exercised their desire for the establishment of a united state , governed by one council , under the presidency of one viceroy . i I ) :
The Plenipotentiaries , in spite of an affected hesitation on the part of Count Onloff , eagerly concurred in establishing the principles : That privateering is , and remains , abolished ; that free ships make free goods , except contraband of war ; that neutral goods , except such contraband , and not liable to seizure under an enemy ' s flag ; and that
blockades , in order to be binding , must be effective . It is a serious question whether , in the event of a general war , the maritime powers will not reject the admission of such a principle as that which enabled Prussia , during the contest between Russia and the Western Powers , to sustain the public enemy by means of her carrying trade , and thus to diminish the influence of the Baltic
blockade . The French Government did not succeed in its effort to convert the Conference into a conspiracy against the remnant liberties of Europe . In reply to Count Catouu ' s Memorial , elicited by an exclamation of the Emperor , though not published among the Acts of the Conference , the Trench , British , and Austrian Plenipotentiaries placed on record a series of declarations with reference to Greece , Belgium , and Italy . The circular addressed this week by the French Government to the provincial police , exhorting them to redouble their efforts for the eradication of secret societies , betrays the fact that
Francois undermined by conspiracy , that the organization of the Marianne has become formidable , and that the European policy of Louis Napoleon is naturally at variance with the real interests and principles of the English people . It is to unite the military powers in an alliance for the suppression of political activity , wherever manifested on the Continent , that the exertions of Paris and Vienna will now be directed . Count Cavoub ' s Memorial , the precise tenour of which we were enabled to explain a fortnight ago , drew on a discussion of some asperity between the representatives of Austria and Sardinia . Count Buojl
and Baron Hubneii declined , in positive language , to express either a wish or an assurance on the subject of the withdrawal of the Austrian troops from the Legations ; declared that the occupation of Monaco by Sardinia was contrary to the privileges of an independent prince ; that the former occupation of Naples by Austria took place under tho sanction of the Congress of Laybach ; and tlmfc Sardinia , " a state of the second order , " had no right to question tho agreement of five great Powers . Count Cavouu , who maintained his attitude with spirit and dignity , insisted that tho Conference should protest
against tho prolonged occupation of Rome ; justified his claim on tho ground that tho Austrian authority in the Legations having lasted scvon years , was daily assuming a more permanent character ; that the state of siogo at Bologna continued in undiminished sorority ; that tho prosenco of foreign troops cIohtroyed the balance of Italian power ; and that her armies , resting on . Ferrara and Placentia , extended along tho Adriatic to Ancona , and gave her an Italian influenco in opposition to the Hpirit of trention and to the general interests of Humpo . Neither in his reply nor in his Memorial , however , did Count C ' avoub
consider the whole Italian question . The government of the Pope is in that position that to uphold it without actual military assistance seems impossible . The Italians will not submit , permanently , to the Pope , or the King- of Naples , or the Emperor of Atjstbia , or to the pestilential little despotisms of Modena or Parma . The suggestions of the French and British Plenipotentiaries were mere salves to a difficulty , while from the Austrian nothing was elicited but an exhibition of obstinate and rancorous arrogance . The Protocols , w e have said , prove that Russia was determined upon relieving herself of the dangers and sufferings contracted by the war . They prove , moreover , that Europe has nothing to hope from the diplomacy of the negotiating Cabinets . The governments have interests , which they are careful to defend . The nations have other interests , which they will assert at their own opportunity ; interests ignored by a Congress of Plenipotentiaries .
Mat 3, 1856] The Leader. 421
Mat 3 , 1856 ] THE LEADER . 421
The Walewski Mystery. Rurthee Particular...
THE WALEWSKI MYSTERY . rURTHEE PARTICULARS . Poor M . Lejolivet ! he certainly has a right to be paid well . This gentleman is a telegraphic agent living in Paris , who is accused of having obtained the prematurely published version of the Paris Treaty and of the Protocol of the 8 th of April . He has been placed au secret , and altogether put to a world of trouble , but , according to rer port , the question has not succeeded in extorting from him anything to elucidate the manner in which the Treaty and the mutilated Px-otocol became public in Belgium and England before they saw the light in Paris . The French Government is exerting itself vigorously to find it out . Does the reader remember how , the other day , the lady indignantly accused another of having stolen her < watch in an omnibus , and how the accused lady was taken incontinently to the policeoffice and put to much discomfort . That second lady represents M . Lejolivet , accused by tho French Government . When the accusing lady returned home , she found the watch safely lodged in the folds of her own dress , where she had placed it herself . How frequently we seek abroad for that which wo can find at home ! The irregular publication of tho Treaty and Protocol , however , is reallyaquestion of some interest . It has already become an historical problem like tho Iron Mask , tho authorship of the Juuius Letters , or tho Diamond Necklace ; and we propose to investigate it aa a curiosity of literature after the manner of DisiiMciii thi Eider . Wo had already remarked that the version of tho Treaty purloined was the French version , and this is confirmed by the proceedings of the French Government . It has been traced , then , to a telegraph office in Paris ; but who took it to tho telegraph office ? The assumption of the French police , orof their instructors , is , that it was some accomplice of poor M . Lkjoj . ivjct ; but who was that accomplice V It is strange that the French police , who can discover anything , cannot discover that . Whoever it was , that accomplice of M . LisJOJiiVKT must have boon a groat admirer of Count Wai-eavhki . This is apparent from the internal evidence The proceedings of the 8 th of April wore very ' important . Tho speakers were Count Ojiioff , Count WAi-uwsicr , Count Buol , Baron JlunNKR , Lord CiiAHUNWON , and Count Cavouk , all of whom , to say nothing of remarks by other speakers , delivered themselves at Home length and to very substantial purpose . Jt in not . ablo how M . Lkjoiavjot ' s accomplice concentrated his admiring attention
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), May 3, 1856, page 13, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_03051856/page/13/
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