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Leader (1850-1860), 6th January 1855, Edition 2 of 2, Page 12

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      Miscellaneous. An Important Lconyjcct.R-...

      Opposite to that which called forth the above prayer of " good old Simeon , " could not join in the singing , and the clerk and organ had it all to themselves . A Costly Gratification . —We hare heard it stated that the costs of the Rev . W . J . Alban ; v ^ car of Mevagissey , incurred in prosecuting the fisherman Thomas Dunn , for not taking off his hat in the churchyard , have / exceeded 2001 . —Plymouth Journal . Me . Gladstone . —A number of gentlemen of Liverpool have subscribed a considerable sum for the purpose 4 > f having a picture of the present Chancellor of the Exchequer painted by an eminent artist . The commission has been given to a townsman , Mr . Philip West-~< JOtti . ¦ _

      __„ Sermons in ( Macadamised ) Stones . —A Cambridge man writing to the Cambridge Independent from Melbourne says : —" Twisden Hodges , who was M . P . for Rye two or three Parliaments , is keeping a public-house * ere ; a nephew of Dr . Whewell , master of Trinity College , was walking the streets last week without a shoe to his foot , or a shilling in his pocket 5 and I can enumerate many instances of the kind . Gentlemen having left the University come to Melbourne to make a fortune , and in a few weeks are found on a heap of stones , studying stone-cracking . "

      Nick-names for American States . —Maine is called the Star in the East ; New Hampshire , the Granite State ; Vermont , the Green Mountain State ; Massachusetts , the Bay State ; Connecticut , the Land of Steady Habits ; New York , the Empire State ; Pennsylvania , the Keystone State ; Virginia , the Ancient Dominion j North Carolina , the Turpentine State ; South Carolina , the Palmetto State ; and Ohio , the Buckeye State ( from the buckeye tree , common in it ) . The Vermonters are called Green Mountain Boys ; the people of Ohio , Buckeyes ; those of Kentucky , Corn-crackers ; those of Indiana , Hoosiers ; those of Michigan , Wolverines ; those of Illinois , Suckers ; and those of Missouri , Pukes . New York is the Empire City ; Philadelphia the Quaker City ; Baltimore the Monumental City ; New Orleans the Crescent City ; and Washington the City of Magnificent Distances . —Notes and Queries .

      New Mode of Robbery . —The street robbers have discovered a new method of dealing with their victims . On Tuesday evening an elderly man , named Simms , was walking up Livery-street , when he observed a man lying on the ground near-the railway wall , apparently intoxicated . Simms raised the man , and , at his own request , led him towards the railway station . On their way the fellow accused his charitable conductor of having stolen his watch , and two other men suddenly coming up insisted on taking him to the police-station . Simms became alarmed , and , to convince the accusers of his innocence , allowed them to search his pockets , an opportunity of which they readily availed themselves , and having secured about 14 s ., the scoundrels knocked him down and decamped . Simms , who was considerably injured , was removed to the " Queen ' s Hospital , where he still remains . —Birmingham Gazette .

      Military Flogging- at Newcastle . —A private in the 26 th Cameronians has been punished with forty lashes for using threatening language ^ to his serjeant , and for two cases of theft . He is further lo ~ 6 e ~ imprisoned for 104 days . It seems that he was very much harassed by the excessive drill . Railway Association . —The North Western and Great Western Railway Companies have entered into an agreement to make similar arrangements and charges on all lines on which they have formerly been competitors for public support . Each Company is bound very strongly not to make the least deviations from the stipulated practice without proper notice being given . The new arrangements come into force with the new year .

      Death from Starvation . —A miserable case has occurred at Petworth , in Sussex , which is the more miserable because it displays most disgraceful apathy and want of thought . A boy , named William Elcombe , eight years of age , who was employed to tend birds , saw a man in a field called Nine Acres , about half-past 7 o ' clock in the morning ; he had a stick , and appeared to be poking at a rabbit-hole ; he remained there all day , and the lad left him there in the evening without having spoken to him . When the lad went to the field the next morning he saw the man sitting in the same place as he left him the previous evening . He continued in- the field all this day , and the lad again left him there at

      night . The next day , when ho went to the field , the man was sitting about ten yards from where he was the night before , and he moved about a little during the day , but did not get up to walk about . The lad again left him there at night without having spoken to him . However , he told his parents , and after a delay of two or three days they found the man ' s hat . Subsequently his body , was discovered in a ditch—quite dead . A post mortem examination was made , and an inquest held , when the jury returned a verdict , that "the deceased died from inflammation of the lungs and pleura , aggravated by want of food and gront exposure to cold and wet . " " ' '

      A Churoh Living fob Sale . — The Rectory of Elmswell , near Stowmarket , in the dloceso of Ely , containing a population of 800 , is offered for sale . It is represented as being worth 492 / . a year , exclusive of the glebe lands , with a good parsonage house , surrounded by ornamental grounds . As an inducement to speculators ,

      it is stated that the present incumbent is upwards of 80 years of age . ' ' ' ™ -m- ' ' * ' The Bbttlah Spa Assault . —The two Newtons , who , it will be remembered , were convicted at the Central Criminal Court for ah assault on Mr . Kerr , and adjudged to an imprisonment in Newgate—one to nine and the other to three months—have since been . reinoved to Horsemonger-lane Gaol , as the offence was committed in Surrey . They have been lodged in the department allotted to first-class misdemeanants , in which place many privileges are allowed to prisoners . Crystal Palace . —The return of admissions for six days ending 5 th of January , 1855 , is 12 , 243 visitors . —————~~*— " *—***""*""*""" 7 TI

      The Storm on New Year's Eve . —The provincial papers instance various results indicative of the violence of the hurricane on Sunday evening . On the line of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway every signal lamp was blown out , and it was found utterly impossible to keep them alight . At Manchester a squall forced inwards one of the large illuminated glass dials of the Infirmary clock . The glass is nearly half an inch in thickness , and the portion destroyed was of a diamond shape , extending across the

      entire diameter of the clock , the breadth being about eight feet . The glass was blown into the works , and stopped the clock . Several cottage chimneys were also blown down . At Bury ( Lancashire ) , the top portion of the mill chimney belonging to Mr . Astin , of Holcombe Brook , was blown off . A house at Freetown was partially blown down , and the damage which was sustained was about 701 . A portion of the roof of the theatre at Bury was blown off , and . a considerable number of slates were blown from the roofs of houses in the town and

      neighbourhood . Taxes Repealed and Taxes Imposed . —Yesterday a return to the House of Commons was issued , showing the taxes repealed or reduced and the taxes imposed since 1844 . In Great Britain the nett balance of taxes repealed or reduced was 11 , 980 , 375 / ,, and in Ireland 551 , 100 ? . The taxes imposed in Great Britain were 254 , 270 ? ., and in Ireland 730 , 000 / . It is estimated that the succession duties imposed in 1853 will produce , when in full operation , 2 , 000 , 000 ? . per annum .

      Tees Which Russia Has Accepted Without R...

      tees which Russia has accepted without reserve , and in no THE LEADER . [ Saturday , — - —' ¦ — == — —¦ x ~~ .. * _ i .: » 'h TNiaain hns anr . ented without reserve , and in

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      Leader Office, Saturday, January 6. The ...

      Leader Office , Saturday , January 6 . The Vienna Conference . —The true story of the Conference of the 28 th ult . at Vienna appears ^ to be as follows , according to the correspondent of the Times , writing on the 29 th ult . Yesterday afternoon Count Buol and M . de Bourqueney met the Earl of Westmoreland in the apartments of the latter , and after the three Ministers had agreed as to the exact interpretation to be given to the four points , a kind of protocol , or rather minute of the resolutions , was drawn up and signed . The Austrian Minister for Foreign Affairs then went up to the second floor of the palace ( the property of the Duke August of Coburg ) , which is inhabited by Count

      O'Sullivan , the Belgian Minister , where Prince Gortsclakdff ' was waiting with : Count Arnim " and Colonel Manteuffel . In the presence of the two Prussian diplomatists , Count Buol communicated to the representative of Russia the propositions of the Allied Powers , and requested him to state whether he was prepared to accept them without either modification or reserve . ' To this Prince Gortschakoff replied , that his powers did not extend so far , he had only received orders to negotiate " about" the four points , but would send off a courier to St . Petersburg , and as he should also telegraph

      immediately to his Government , he hoped to have positive instructions within forty-eight hours . A protocol was signed by Count de Buol , Baron de Bourqueney , and Lord Westmoreland , containing the interpretation , agreed to by the three Powers represented , of the four points included in the indentic note of the 8 th of August . This protocol was not communicated to Prince Gortschakoff , but Count Buol conveyed to him " tho sense of the interpretation . " The Duke and Duchess of Brabant are at Vienna . Colonel Manteuffel has returned to Berlin . The Earl of Westmoreland is convalescent .

      The following is a summary of the confused and mystifying note , forwarded on the 19 th ult . by tho Prussian Cabinot to its ministers in Paris and London , relative to the Treaty of December the 2 nd : — " It begins by expressing the wish of Prussia to be in accord with the three Powers . Though it did not take part in the identic notes of August 8 , it gave to them at least ' a moral support , ' and it engaged itself to defend Austria 'in certain cases' against any attack by Russia . There exists therefore , an analogy between tho position of Prussia and that of tho throe Powers . Further ,

      Prussia is ready to prepare , in common with the other Powers , new stipulations , * the pacificatory weight of which should be calculated to exercise a salutary and decisive influence , ' and to come to an agreement on tho bases of peace . With regard to the treaty of Dec . 2 , it is observed that it has tho form ( porte I ' empreinte ) of an arrangement with Austria ; but Prussia approves of the general objects of that treaty , and is ready to concludo an analogous treaty ( un arrangement analogue ) . With that view , and ' in order to fix with certainty eventual decisions , ' it will bo necessary to have , some confidential explanations as to tho interpretation of the four

      guarantheir original terms ( leur redaction primitive ) . That interpretation will be the first step in ulterior diplomatic Pr Itwas said in Vienna that Prince Esterhazy , Austrian Ambassador to the Czar , has made preparations to leave St . Petersburg on the 3 rd of January ^ ' . At the request of Prince Gortschakoff , who declared that his powers were not sufficient to enable him to accept the four conditions as interpreted by the Allies , the representatives of the other Powers have consented to wait fourteen days from' the end of December for the definitive reply of Russia . . The Opinione of Turin quotes letters from the canton of Grisons , from which it appears that the idea of taking service under England meets with great favour in that and the adjoining cantons . and in obedi

      Spain . — In pursuance of their pledges , - ence to the pressing necessities of the period , the Ministrv are endeavouring to effect economy in every department of the State . In the foreign , department the legations of Denmark , Parma , Tuscany , Switzerland , and Saxony , are to be suppressed , and those of Mexico , Turkey , Piedmont , and Naples , are to be of the second class . In the other departments there is to be a general reduction of the number of functionaries , and of the salaries of those who are to be retained . It appears also to be decided that there shall be a large reduction in the budget of the clergy . A portion of the royal patrimony is to be sold , and the civil list is to be reduced one-half . People who have the means of knowing say that so great is the disorder that exists in the administration of the Crown property , that not one nor two private companies have offered to pay one thousand sterling per annum for domains that now bring in about

      half that sum . Manifesto of the Czar . —An extraordinary , supplement of the Journal de St . Pe ' tersbourg of the 16 th ( 28 th ) December brings us the following document : — " By the Grace of God , We , Nicholas the First , Emperor and Autocrat of all . the Russias , & c , & c ., & c , make known : —The causes of the war , that still lasts , are well understood by our beloved Russia . The country knows that neither ambitious views , nor the desire of obtaining new advantages-to which we had no right , were the motives for those acts and circumstances that have unexpectedly resulted in the existing struggle . We had solely in view the safeguard of the solemnly recognised immunities of the Orthodox Church , and of our co-religionists in the East . But certain governments , attributing to us interested and secret intentions that were far from our

      thoughts , have complicated the solution of-the question , and have finished by forming a hostile alliance against Russia . After having proclaimed as their object the safety of the Ottoman empire , they have waged open war against us—not in Turkey , but within the limits of our own realm , directing their blows on such points as were more or less accessible to them— -in the Baltic , the White Sea , the Black Sea , in the Crimea , and even on the far distant coasts of the Pacific Ocean . Thanks to the Most High , both in our troops and in all classes of our subjects they everywhere meet with intrepid , opponents , animated-by their- love -for us- and-for their- country ; and , to our consolation in these troublous circumstances , amidst the calamities inseparable from war , we are constantly witnessing brilliant examples and proofs of this feeling , as well as of the courage that it inspires . Such are the defeats more than once inflicted on the

      enemy s troops on the other side of the Caucasus , notwithstanding a great disparity of force . Such was the unequal conflict sustained with success by the defenders of the coasts of Finland , of the convent of Solovetsky , and of the port of Petropaulowsky in Kamschatka . Such , above all , is the heroic defence of Sebastopol , signalised by so many exploits of invincible courage , and of indefatigable activity , as to be admired and done justice to by our enemies themselves . Beholding , with humble gratitude towards God , the toils , the bravery , the selfdenial of our forces both by land and sea , and also the general outburst of devotion that animates all ranks of the empire , we venture to recognise therein the pledge and augury of a happier future . Penetrated with our

      duty as a Christian , we cannot desire a prolonged effusion of blood , and certainly we shall not repulse any offers and conditions of peace that are compatible with the dignity of our empire and the interests of our wellbeloved subjects . But another and not less sacred duty commands us , in this obstinate struggle , to keep ourselves prepared for efforts and sacrifices proportioned to the means of action directed against us . Russians 1 . my faithful children I you are accustomed to spare nothing when called by Providence to a great and holy workneither your wealth , the fruit of long years of toil , nor your lives—not your own blood , nor tho blood of your

      children . The noble ardour that has inflamed your hearts from the first hour of the war will not be oj * - » tingufehed , happen what may ; « nd your feelings are those also of your Sovereign . Wo all , Monarch and subjects , if it bo necessary—echoing tho words of the Emperor Alexander , jn a year of Jiko trial , the sword tn our hands and the Cross in our hearts—know how to faca tho ranks of our enemies , for tho defence of the niQs ^ precious' gifts of this world , the security and the honour , of our country . Given at Gatchina , tho fourteenth day of tho month of December , in the year of grace 1854 , and tho thirtieth of our reign . ( Signed ) Nicholas . " '

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 6, 1855, page 12, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_06011855/page/12/