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CONTINENTAL NOTES. From Berlin we learn ...
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Letters From Paris. [Fkom Ouu Own Cokhes...
dition of the Exchequer , and the scarcity of money , forbid these largesses , A loan of 250 millions of francs ( £ 10 , 000 , 000 ) is in serious contemplation . For some days past it has been talked of on the Bourse . All kinds of financial schemes are in the air . Among others a tax " sur le revenu ; to be a species of adaptation of the English income tax . But if these officious advisers of the President had even a slimmering of experience in finance , they would not forget that the tax they want to establish isalready established in Trance under the name of " impot mobilier . " So that it would be to make us
pay the same tax twice , under two names . * The organization of agriculture credit is also in discussion . A variety of important projects have been submitted to Louis Bonaparte ; one is said to have been sent in by the father-in-law of General Roquet ( aidede-camp to the President ) , who was formerly a notary ; another by M . Pommier . The latter pretends to realize a comprehensive series of reforms on a vast scale . He would establish , a species of hypothecary credit by means of a paper currency , to have a forced circulation like Bank Notes . A third proposition is to convert the Five per Cents into Fours by
a simple decree . This is strongly urged in the best informed circles . All these contradictory rumours , all these menacing projects , cause a disquiet , an indefinable uneasiness , in the financial world . M . Fould ' s financial report , indeed , is not reassuring . To the ignorant and superficial public he announces a deficit for 1852 , of only 45 million francs ( £ 1800 , 000 ) . But those who are ever so little versed in moneymatters , are surprised that this deficit should be only declared at 45 millions ( of francs ) now , when it had formerly been stated at 64 . They are surprised , too , that neither the subvention of 49 million francs accorded to the Avignon Railway figures on the " Passive" side of the budget in this report , nor the 25 million francs borrowed of the Bank of France
on the 4 th of December , on the security of the Emperor of Russia . Instead , then , of a deficit of 45 millions , the real deficit to be stated is 138 millions of francs ( £ 5 , 520 , 000 ) . Add to this the 700-millions of francs ( £ 28 , 000 , 0000 ) of floating debt , and you will understand how severely the need of a loan begins to be felt . The loan is to be as I have stated , 250 millions of francs ( £ 10 , 000 , 000 ) . The Moniteur , of last Saturday , published the decree organizing the new Ministry of Police . The presiding idea of this new creation is unmistakeably the tendency to strengthen the central power , to make all lesser powers converge to the central executive , to restrain local authority , and to deliver into the hands of Government all the threads of the police of the whole empire , even to the smallest hamlet within its borders . Here , again , we find an
inspiration oi the imperial system . In virtue of the new decree , the Ministry of Police will be a continuous , permanent , systematic delegation of the powers of the state of siege , when the state . of siege shall have ceased . Nothing , in fact , is more arbitrary than the powers conferred on these Inspectors - General . They are invested with the right of surveillance over all associations of every kind , even commercial companies : they can , at their good pleasure , inspect bank books , registers , ledgers—all papers , in short , which concern private fortunes . What would you , Englishmen , say to such an inquisition into the affairs of business ? The 14 th article of the decree confers upon the Inspectors-General authority to arrest and to search , without any formality , warrant , or order whatever . Since ' 89 no person in France could be arrested without a formal
warrant from proper judicial authority . This was the only habeas corpus to which Frenchmen could appeal . Henceforth it will be so no longer . Only displease an Inspector-General by a look or a gesture which he may choose to interpret as an offence , or forget to saluto him , and you are immediately arrested . Such , according to the latest jargon of Government , are " regular institutions . " You may conceive how this menacing decree has been received by all classes of society . To attenuate the impression which it was foreseen the decree would inevitabl create , Louia Bonaparte addressed a letter to the Minister of Police , in which he says : " It will not be
a Ministry of provocation and of persecution seeking to disclose the secrets of families , seeing evil everywhere for tiio pleasure of exposing it , interrupting the mutual relations of citizens , spreading fenr and suspicion everywhere ; it will , on the contrary , bo an essentially protective institution ; it will only intimidate tho J onemies of socioty . ' " For the " enomios of society" read " tho enemies of Bonoparto , " which is as much as saying ' thut it will intimidato everybody Another " regular institution " of tho eamo land is on the oyo of entering upon , its functions . I moan tho Legislative Corps , all whose deliberations may bo cancelled by the Council of State and tho Senate
A decree which appeared in to-day ' s ( Tuesday ' s ) Moniteur fixes the elections for tho 29 th of February , Tho sumo Moniteur contains tho doctoral law . Conformably with tho provisions of tho Constit ution of tho 14 th of January , tho elections will be mudo by * Our correspondent is , wo think , deoeivod in his analogy , l'ho impH mobilier hua no English equivalent .
arrondissement , by ballot , and by universal suffrage . The incompatibilities which existed in the former electoral law will be suppressed . The Government will have its own candidates , who * will be openly proposed and recommended by the prefets and sous-The name of the Government candidate will be placarded ( at the public expense ) in all the communes of the arrondisaement . ; There will be -261 deputies , one to every 35 , 000 souls . Here are a few of the Government candidates : — First , the editors of the Constitutionnel , MM , Cauvain , Granier ( de Cassagnac ) , Cucheval . Second , the editors of La Patrie , Amedee de Cerena and
Delamarre ; the latter is proposed for Paris . M . Evariste Bavoux offers himself in the Seine-et-Oise ; M . de Nieuwerkerke ( director of the Musee , a Dutch compatriot of the President , and the amant of the Princess Mathilde ) in the Aisne ; M . de Goulard in the Basses Pyrenees ; M . Abatueci ( the son ) in the Loiret ; M . Faucher at ReimsJ ; M . Napoleon Daruin the Manche . Many ex-representatives start as candidates of the Opposition . I assured you a fortnight ago that such would infallibly be the tactics of the Legitimists . It is a general plan adopted by them in common . Accordingly M . le Due de Mouchy is a candidate at Beauvais , M . de Larcy in the Herault , M , deVatimesnil in the Eure , M . Berryer at Marseilles . The most curious history is that of M . de Montalembert , who was to have been a candidate of Government in the
Douts , and who has just started for himself on the Opposition , inconsequence of the decrees of the 23 rd ultimo . M . Pepin Lehalleur , ex-President of the Tribunals of Commerce , presents himself in the Seine et Maine in competition with the candidate of the Government ; a letter from him leaves no doubt of his intentions . While the elections are getting ready , Louis Napoleon is establishing a military household , as the Emperor Napoleon did before him . He has just created a Governor of thePalace of the Tuileries . Colonel Vaudrey , formerly Commandant of the 4 th
Regiment of Artillery , is appointed to the office . Louis Napoleon , in defiance of all military regulations , and in spite of the opposition of the Minister of War , has restored Colonel Vaudrey to the army , to which he had ceased to belong , and has even promoted him to the rank of General of Brigade . Louis Bonaparte has also made a further change in the cross of the Legion of Honour . This cross is well martyrized ! it will no longer bear the effigy of the First Consul , but that of the Emperor with the Eagle , the Imperial Crown , and the thunder-bolt .
There has been an earthquake at Bordeaux in the past week . It caused no serious accident . I will tell you , however , one or two amusing episodes which the phenomenon occasioned . Many persons , feeling themselves shaken , fancied there were robbers under their beds , waiting a favourable moment for an assault . They rushed out of bed , and , seizing the first weapon within reach , struck out wildly in the dark at the supposed assailant . One joke is of a good woman , who was so indignant at being shaken about for a few moments , which seemed to her ages , that as early as six in the morning she knocked at the door Y ) f her landlord to give him notice that she would no longer occupy a house •« unsafe to live in . " The sentry at the gate of the general-in-chief ' s house complained of some practical jokers , who made him jump in his box , and tried to upset it .
An expedition against the Kabyles is still talked of , under the command of General St . Arnaud . It would seem that for the last few days the Government has recovered its senses , and that it has begun to feel that by its rigorous measures it disgusts and revolts everybody ; or , meeting with such a formidable opposition in the rich and lettered classes of society , it is determined to endeavour to regain tho favour of the working classes , who have been more particularly decimated by death and exile , since the 2 nd of December . At any rate it is certain that tho measures of rigour have been softened towards the insurgents and prisoners of the lower classes . A circular of the new Minister of the Interior , M . Fialin
( De Persigny ) invites the prefects to set at liberty all those prisoners who may appear to have been only " misled . " An amnesty is also in contemplation , with the hope of regaining by clemency the lost popularity . This measure , it is said , was discussed in Council last Thursday . It is certain that since that day the Council of Revision has decided on tho release of a certain number of persons destined for transportation , and already shipped on board of tho ship of the lino Duguesclin , at Brest . Now arrests , notwithstanding , have taken place at Paris , especially in tho Faubourg St . Antoine , and amone
others that of M . Lobatavd , ex-Lieutenant-Coloriol of tho 8 th Legion , In tho departments even judges have been arrestod , without preliminary application to those courts ; M . Nomori Laboudio , judge at Confolens , the President of tho Tribunal of Rhodes ! , and M . Martin , judge at Forcalquicr . In the South tho arrests are more frequent than ever . The Echo do Montpollier says that at B 6 darrioux alono tho numbor of arrests is more than 200 . In tho Tonlonnqis wo road : " The Fort Lnmulquo being unable to contain all tho prisoners already arrested , and thoso expected to bo , 100 accused persons were pn
Monday last removed on board the ship of the line Genereux . To-day ( Tuesday ) 100 others have been put on board her from other ships ; and we are assured 200 more will follow them to-morrow . Other measures of rigour still continue in force throughout France . The ^ Government is now beginning to strike , the Legitimists . Several Le « gitiiaist clubs have been ,, closed at Montpellier , at Toulouse , and in , the south . The songs and lyrics of Pierre Dupont , the popular poet , have been forbidden at Lyons , and throughout the sixth military division . At St . Etienne a circular of the Prefect of the Loire recommends the authorities to watch narrowly all commercial travellers , as being a most dangerous class of persons , engaged in the piropagandism of democratic opinions . At ^ Macon the i _ _ . ^ - " ¦ ' A j' % ' ' ^ m
Council-General of the Saone et Loire has been dissolved . The Councils of War go on pronouncing condemnations . At Clamecy three persons have been sentenced to death . Yesterday appeared in the Constitutionnel an article , by Granier de Cassagnac , on the forthcoming elections . It is an invitation , couched in coarse and brutal terms , to the candidates who present themselves to the suffrages of the country to " mind how they behave ; " for on their showing the least sign of opposition to Government , the imperial hero of the coup d ' etat of the 2 nd of December would make as short work with them again as he did . on that occasion . The force of insolence can no farther go !
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Continental Notes. From Berlin We Learn ...
CONTINENTAL NOTES . From Berlin we learn that the King has been honouring his Minister Manteuffel by attending his soiree , and remaining for two hours . An early visit of the Czar to the Court of Prussia is spoken of . The Empress of Russia is the sister of the King . The German fleet is quite broken up ; and it is not only disputed who did most to destroy it , but who shall pay for it . Prussia has been the chief sufferer by the delusion of 1848 . The inland states have never assented to the expense of what they" could not deem an advantage . Till the 10 th of February the expenditure for the ships is provided ; the engagement of the crews expires in March . The officers will have a claim for compensation for loss of employment .
The resolution affirming the commercial treaty with Prussia and the Zoilverein was read a second time in the Upper Hanoverian Chamber , on the 26 th , by a majority of 34 votes to 19 . In the Second Chamber the copy of a treaty with France for the protection of literary property was laid on the table . In a late sitting of the Second Chamber at Munich , M . von Lassaulx , in giving his vote for the military estimates , stated he did so the more readily as the States of Germany must be prepared for all eventualities , since the political power in France had been seized by a "buccanier" ( fiibustier ) . The
French Minister made a formal remonstrance to the President of the Ministry , M . von der Pfordten , against the use of such an expression by a Deputy of the Chambers in reference to the chief of the French Government . In the sitting of the 24 th M . von Pfordten expressed his regret that M . von Lassaulx should have used so injurious a term j had he heard it , he should have requested that the honourable deputy be called to order . . The President of the Chamber also stated that he had not heard the word—a declaration the Chamber received with considerable " hilarity . " M . von Lassaulx did not withdraw the expression .
Woman-flogging is still in force under the paternal Government of Austria , as the Vienna Gazette publishes the following , among a list of sentences upon political offenders : — " Eva Demmelhart , for using inflammatory language , to receive twenty blows with a rod , an'l suffer eight days ' imprisonment , sharpened with two fasts upon bread and water . " The same publication contains sentences upon fourand-twenty journeymen tobacco makers , punished for agreeing among themselves not to work—for striking , in fact . They are to be imprisoned in irons for various periods of from fourteen to twenty-five days , and fast twice a week .
JLhe Piedmonteso Senate has adopted , by a large majority , the treaty of commerce and navigation with Austria . The Chamber of Deputies is discussing the project of law on public security . Tho tendencies of the Court and govorning class at Turin are becoming every day more decidedly reactionary and Austrian . It is true that allowances may bo made for tho very delicate and ^ difficult position of the constitutional monarchy in Piedmont ftinco tho defeat of Charles Albert ; but * if absolutist Austria arid despotic Franco havo to be appeased , there is uIbo the futuro of Italy to be remembered ; for Italy is not doud , nor even sleeps . There is a proper moan bctweon hostility and
. AcoountB from Nice of tho 25 th state that Italian labourers expelled from France daily urrivod in that town . ' Thoro has boon an abrupt Ministerial dismissa nt Nuplos . Tho Murquia Fortunuto , Minister of Foreign Affairs and President of the Council , lias boon dismissed , and the Private Secretary of . the King super-
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Feb. 7, 1852, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_07021852/page/8/
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