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    342 T H E LEA PER. [Saturday ,

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    OUT-DOOR RELIEF IN AUSTRALIA. Tin: last ...

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    The Kafir War. The Propontis Arrived At ...

    official memorandum , " had been carried on since the 15 th of February with great vigour and energy , " but the expedition , at the date of the last advices , had not yet returned , and the actual result was consequently uncertain , ^ ' We do hot observe that any chief of consideration has been dislodged from his stronghold , Sandilli appears to maintain himself in the Amatojas and on the Upper KieslvJiimna , notwithstanding the operations of the patrols ; Stock is ensconced in the Fish River Bush , which has already proved so dangerous to our

    troops ; and Macomo still holds the natural fortress of the Water Kloof , before which we suffered such annoyance . Sh * William Molesworth ' s description of these retreats : —" Steep mountains capped with sandstone , resembling vast fortifications , with huge masses rising several feet from the surface of the ground , or deep , narrow , gloomy ravines , called ' kloofs / both ravines and mountains being covered with the peculiar bush of South Africa , " will convey to the general reader an impressive idea of what remains to be accomplished so long as three of these fortresses are held each by a multitude of desperate savages well provisioned .

    SIB HENKY SMITH AND THE KAFIE CHIEFS . Memorandum . King William ' s Town , Jan . 30 . The messengers from Bokoo and Mapassa , who came to King "William ' s Town with . Iiieutenant-Colonel Eyre ' s column , having been sent back with the Governor ' s reply to Bokoo ' s entreaty for peace , returned on the evening of the 27 th inst ., and' were heard by bis Excellency on the following morning . They spoke as follows : — " Bokoo thanks for the word—he thanks very mucli , as he owes his life to Smith . After he had received the message he sent direct to Kreli , who also thanked for the wordj and was very glad Bokoo had sent in and offered submission . Bokoo ' s words were his , and he also tenders

    submission : he also is Smith ' s child . Kreli is a child , and knows nothing ; let Smith and Bokoo talk , and he . will do what tjhey say * Bokoo said to Kreli , ' What is the use of your talking in this way ? your people * are responsible to you , and are constantly ill-treating English people in your country . How do you account for your people acting as they do ? when I send in to beg for _ peace , they go and burn Butterworth Station . You must arrange this , and that speedily , and seek for Umgaza and the authors of this outrage ! ' Kreli assented , and said that these were the tveo men who had caused all this mischief . He would seek them out , and not rest until he had found them . It was no fault of bis ; the houses were burnt by bad man . This is all that passed between Kreli and Bokoo . We ( the present messengers ) took the message . "

    The Governor : Kreli does not think I send my message to him P Messengers : No , Bokoo said it was Smith ' s answer to his message , and that he then sent to Kreli . Bokoo thanks Smith for his word , as he is no child , and hopes that in tendering his submission lie will bo believed to bo in earnest , for what ho does is in real good faith . Bokoo hopes to receive an answer ; ho has boon punished , and now begs for peace and Smith ' s answer . Bokoo sent word to Kreli about the 1500 and 1000 head of cattle . Kreli said he would try and collect them , hut it would bo difficult as so many of his people ' s cattle bad been taken .

    The Governor then said : Listen now to what I hove to say . Kreli ! Who is Kreli , who dares to send messages to me except by Rome of bis own great men ? I will treat him as Chaka c ' lid his enemies . Has be no great men . send ? Arc they all killed in tho colony , or with Kreli , when he fought at tho Umvani , or in the late passage of tho Kyo ? Or are thoy all thrown over the krantz on tho Basbeo by the Colonial Fingoea ?

    Terms Granted to BoTcoo . Now , hoar my word to Kreli , sent through Bokoo : — With Bokoo and Mapassa I make peace , and their enemies shall 1 ) O my enemies , and Bokoo and Mapassa shall do nil I order them . They must scizo and send to mo any cattlo of tho Gaikas which may be driven into their country for protection ; their people may sit and ronp tboir fields . Bokoo shall send to Kroli to say I demand—1 . live hundred head of cattlo for the destruction of BuUerworth . , . . . , 2 . One thousand head for tho insults and injuries dono to tbo traders . T 8 . That bo drive out of his country every Hottentot , and that bo " oatn thorn up . " 4 . That ho expols from his councils that old enomy ot GovernmentKlnba Klabaand oats him up .

    , , 5 . That ho forfeits all claim to any authority on thiflsido of tho Kci , and that ho sends no message to any chioi on this nido of it . 0 . Those things duly agreed upon botwoon mo and lour of Kroli ' a councillors , " I . will makopoaco with him when his councillors arrive , which must bo in a'few daw , or I _ will jnovo tho troops ngain over Ilio Koij swoop off tho rest of his cattle , and destroy his corps , wbilo Faku , iNbiiosi , Xudidi , . Toi , and others , shall fall upon his onco rich iiolds , covered with Wds and goats , and richly cultivated — thoy shall ho a desert and ho on outcast . What had Kreli to comp lain of , when ho did all ho could , aHhoenllwl it "to drive ( ho English into tho soaP " ' NowKroli must hoar why I wont to war :-

    , When tho Giiikaa wont to war , Kroli saw that their cause was an unjust one , and lie sont mo a dun ox a » an emblem of peace and in token of km aunty After tins I placed confidence in him , and I would not boliovc tho reports made mo-that ho was encouraging tho Gaikas , and that many of his people had joined m the war , and thai , other , L 5 robbed am asaaullod tho traders ovor tho Km .

    I called upon him to account for this . He saw Mr . Conway ; he promised fairly ; sent messengers with Conway , promising to satisfy all just demands as soon as the war was over . I again believed him ; he then ordered the missionary and traders to withdraw from Butterwortb , and directed Unzuboo to see them out of the country , who refused , and said , the duty was too great for him , only a chief under Kreli , that , he ( Kreli ) must come and do it himself . The bold and firm conduct of the . Rev . Mr . Gladwin alone saved himself and the British . Kreli sent two messengers to TJmhala and Pato , desiring them to " join to . drive the English into the sea . " Umhala listened , but Ms people as a body did not .. Many , minor chiefUmfan

    very many , of his young men and the , - disi , and all his people , joined the Gaikas . I have lined Umhala one thousand head of cattle . Pato assembled his people to bear the message , that Kreli might kn o w their feeling . The answer was , " We are all English—you , Kreli , must send us no more messages . " Pato added , " If the English are driven into the sea I will go with them . " Kreli next personally leads his people with the Tambookies against the Boer commando , which had moved against the Tambookies to the Umvani , but had not crossed into Kreli ' s country . The Kafirs were beaten ; many slain . Kreli ' s people fled on horseback ; Kreli , in order to stop them , jumped off his horse , calling them to do so , but they fled . . ___ ¦ . „ Kafir escort of

    The trader ' s were again robbed ; a Umbala ' s , with some waggons from the Kei fired on , two of them wounded , their guns taken , traders' cattle seized ; redress was sought in vain . Kreli laughed at the application , and declared he was at war . When be sent me tho oxof peace I desired bin ! not to allow the Gaika cattle to cross the Kei ; he promised , but be sheltered them . Where now is Kreli ' s great ox , Gugumba ? Taken by toy people , and Kreli degraded . . ¦ These are the causes why I invaded Kroh , and made Faku , Noncsi , and others " fall upon him . Faku had not forgotten Kreli ' s treatment of his daughter . Kreli has lost 30 , 000 head of cattle , 14 , 000 goats , and many horses taken by the troops and allies ; hundreds of men ' slain . 7000 Fingoes , whom he held in bondage as

    , slaves , who , having thrown themselves under , the protection of the troops , brought with them 30 , 000 mprc cattle , have joined the Eng lish and sought shelter in the colony . Kreli now Wants peace ; he would never have been , at war had he listened to the advice of Bokoo , and Mapassa , and Umguboo , all of whom behaved well , ' until Kreli ordered them to fight . How dare Kreli say I went to war alone to redress the injuries of the traders . That was cause sufficient , and for this I would have made war ; but his object was "to drive the English into the sea . " Let him look at his own country now , and that of the Gaikas ; their cattle swept off—their people slain—their country , like his

    own , a desert—thousands of Gaikas have fallen , excited to war by Kreli ! He had nothing to complain of ; he bad a missionary—traders who dealt honestly with bis peoplea resident to hear his wishes ; he and his people had everything they required , and were independent . Let him look at the T'Slambies , and observe the difference between war and peac»—rich in cattle , and happy—respecting their own chiefs—their cliiefs attending to their oath to obey the great Queen of England and her Majesty ' s authorities . Kreli shall never be recognised as a great chief ; he is a chief only between tho Kei and Bashce ; and unless ho enter into the terms I offer , I will , with Faku and others ,

    make war on him till I eat him up , Bokoo ' s messengers again spoke . They thanked for the word the Governor liad just spoken , and said they did not think Bokoo was so much to blame as others , as lie took care of the traders as long as bo could . The Governor replied that that was true , and it was for that reason ho was willing to make a separate peace with Bokoo , and had sent a sealed message to him before tho troops crossed the Kci , to tho effect that if bis people continued quiet and peaceable they would not bo molested . Tho messongers then departed , orders being despatched by them ( through Kroli ) to Mr . Sliaw , tho British resident at Morloy , to 6 uspond hostilities beyond the Kci . On the morning of tho 27 th . inst ., tho following message was despatched by Mr . W . Fynn , tho late resident with Kroli , to the Chief Umhala : — the

    " Chief Umhala—Your conduct from . commencement of tho rebellion has boon shuflling and evasive ; Fomo orders of your commissioner you have obeyed , others yon havo disregarded . You listened to two of Kreli ' s messengers , and sent them to Pato , urging war . My " word" is , that you soizo all tho Gaika cattlo in your country secreted in tho kraals of your peoplo ; that you " cat up" Kasani or Umfandisi who went to war , although ho Hwore on my " stick " to command his peoplo under mo —and that yo ' u eat up all his people ; and you will cat up ovory man of your tribe who has been out in tho war , * and ovory head of colonial cattlo , and ovory horso among your peoplo , T also domand . I will not receive less than 1000 head of enttlo in all—good cattle , not such old trash as you formerly sont mo . This duly complied with , von and' your people-, their enttlo and crops , will bo respected . ( Signed ) " 11 . G . Smith . "

    The Kafir War. The Propontis Arrived At ...

    * Tho following aro tho principal mon who havo boon on { raff od in tho war , although thoro aro othorfu ^—Quiko , Maxiima , Hala , Goba , TJdakn , Umxuma , Djitsbikola , Mambeno , Taohaunchu , Ugani , Unxola , Tyla ( especially this man

    342 T H E Lea Per. [Saturday ,

    342 T H E LEA PER . [ Saturday ,

    Out-Door Relief In Australia. Tin: Last ...

    OUT-DOOR RELIEF IN AUSTRALIA . Tin : last " accounts from tho c ; oid rogioii . s of Australia are of great intercut . Both in Now South Wales and Victoria tho general success of tho ^ ininors hootuh to hnvo beon " uninterrupted ; but it is in the latter colony that tlio most striking results hnvo beon realized . In tho week ending' tho 12 th of December tho amount of gold brought to Melbourne under escort wua 2 f } , 000 ounces ,

    and , coupled with what was also brought by private hands , the total value was supposed to have been equiva . lent to little short of 100 , 000 ^ New deposits of o-reat richness had been discovered , and it was found almost impossible to retain any one at an ordinary occupation A recommendation , from the Lieutenant-Governor for a large increase in the pay of all the . iriferior Government employes had been carried by a vote , of 17 to 12 . In . stances ? of disappointment , it is alleged , were'liardiv known . The daily influx of new-comers , however , promised to put the permanent nature of the yield to a strong test . Under the circumstances the Government had resolved to double the charge for license fees , and it was now therefore raised . to 31 . It was also to be

    enforced from all persons in profitable employment at the mines , such as tent-keepers , cooks , & c ., irrespective of their not being engaged in the search for gold . Some doubt was entertained whether these alterations would be submitted to , and it is obvious that even if such should be the case for the moment there will be ultimately great risk in carrying attempts of this kind too far . The Australian papers teem with news from the gold districts ; accounts of new diggings and rich yields , of large quantities of gold brought up by the traders or found by gold-seekers , and , withal , accounts of depopulation of less favoured localities , of crime at the diggings , of ineffectiveness of the police force , and of Lynch law . It is California all over again , but , it would appear , California on a larger scale .

    There is enough in the accounts to show that emigrants have not only some good fortune to hope for , but that there are also dangers and temptations . " The present system of indiscriminate digging is calculated to produce the habit of gambling . " " We are sorry to learn that many of the diggers spend their Sundays at Braidwood in drunkenness and riot * " Suchlike remarks are tacked to the fag end of every letter from the gold districts . Crime , too , is rife among the miners . " Robberies , " says one paper , " are becoming fashionable in the Victoria gold fields . One poor fellow had 62 oz . stolen from him on Saturday last ; another 301 .

    in notes ; another man had his tent cut open , but the robbers , missed the purse . As for horse-stealing , it has become so common , that it is thought little of , except by the sufferers . " The Melbourne Daily i \ fc « w states that " a number of diggers have come to the town for the purpose of buying fire-arms . They have no protection on which tbey can" dependr and they intend to keep in small bodies for their own protection . The diggings on an evening present a most extraordinary scene , much resembling a party who apprehended a surprise . Most of the diggers are armed to the teeth , and volley upon volley is fired , it being a rule to discharge and reload after 6 o ' clock every evening . "

    At the Ballarat diggings crime is fearfully on the increase . The diggers there are surrounded by a gang of vagabonds . They are altogether unprotected . Tho police are awed by tho amount of crime , and not one of the officers daro lead his men into a mob to apprehend a murderer . 1 ' rizc-fighting , gambling , and other indecencies prevail on Sundays . " On Sunday week , " says tho Melbourne Herald , ' " several prize-fights came off at Bnllarat at the very time when the different ministers of tho gospel were performing divine service . ' There is a general outcry of indignation against tho Government for permitting these practices . The Argus says , " Lynch law with « 11 its worst terrors is forced

    upon us by the imbecility of our Government . " Ami tho Melbourne Herald protests that " tho Government must act with energy , and without loss of time , or else a second California * in Lynch law and ript lies before us in all its hideous nakedness of crime . " The accounts of the state of public inoruls at Turon and Oplnr uro more favourable . It appears that tho newest diggings in particular aro the hotbeds of liccntiousncus nnd crime . Old convicts , too , uro obtaining an niionviiiblo notoriety in tho New World . A letter from Soi ' alo mentions an active rogue , called Peter Uooiioy , who inudu his appearance nt tho diggings . I" ' » ( : 11 . ^ however , tho innfriafcrutcs nppenr to hnvo noted wi energy , for Fetor Rooney was fined and ordered »

    leave tho county . Some of the ' most ; rich and productive K old- < J' ^' ' ^ aro within two < lajH' walk of Melbourne , and lotto ' dated December tho 17 th state , that tho town no presenta-the anomaly « f u place without any ^ , J | population . " Every labouring ronn , Bailor , S » ° P ' L , has Hlorted oil / ' The accounts of W ™ f ^ ^ quantities of gold found at Bathurst nnd I ort xj » j have been rather underetutecl hitherto than ex « pgo » ' The Government weekly escort from Jtotiiurst , w _ arrived at Melhm . rno on tho 2 ( 5 th of N « vo «» £ ' brought i 8 , 100 « . j tho one of the ^^ ^ 16 , GGi ) os 5 . ; and on tho week following , tho inn ^ amount of 2 fl , 65 Criz . Thoro nro now 20 , 000 poop ^ Mount Alexander , whore tho gold i « * ou"a a' * ti , 0 inchoH below tho swfiiee , nnd a great deal two

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), April 10, 1852, page 10, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_10041852/page/10/