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Leader (1850-1860), 10th September 1853, Edition Country of 2, Page 1, NEWS OF THE WEEK— ^r The Su^iever^NewOri...

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      Jjle & tatv ¦ - — - ———t

      « The One Idea Which Hiatory Exhibits As...

      « The one Idea which Hiatory exhibits as evermore developing itself into grater aistmc ^ e ^^ nature . "— Humloldt ' s Cosmos .

      Contents:

      Contents :

      News Of The Week— ^R The Su^Iever^Newori...

      NEWS OF THE WEEK— ^ r The Su ^ iever ^ NewOrieans !! . ' 872 A ^ ecfnter of Wine ' every Table 877 Letters of a Vagabond .-XTI 884 gS ^^ * F *^ S ^ STSS ariinWOOd -- HI ^ ZS $ LSZ ^* * ~ ** THEARTSMr . Eoebuek at Sheffield ......... 867 cSS EeeorS 873 Picture of the Dublin Exhibition ... 879 The Theatres 885 A Scotch Eeview of the Session 867 'S ^^ -ZZZZZZZ ZZ 873 A Lay Yievr of Medical Testa 879 A Sight to be Seen . 885 Letters from Paris ..... '"" opo "" ' ~" Continental Note 3 °° » PUBLIC AFFAIRS— OPEN COUNCIL— Healthof London during the Week ... 888 i £ r ^ to £ Z \ iesi 7 on Turkey Deserted by her Allies ..... 875 Spanish Filibuster ^ 880 Births , Marriages , and Deaths 866 the Social Experiments of America 870 Spain the Defaulter ........ 876 LITERATURE- COMMERCIAL AFFAIRSTransatlantic Cunning 871 The Truth about the EonaanD . sclo- History of the Chinese Eebellion ... 882 City Intelligence , Markets , Adverg ^ ^ ;;; : : ::: % \ Al—t ' to ^ r : :: : : : : . 876 unnoticed Em > <*&»" - v ^ g ** - s . t ^ nts , & c .,. ^ . m

      ~~^J ~^R Tvtn I«I-I " Satubday. Septembe...

      ~~^ j ~^ r TVTn i « i-i " sATUBDAY . SEPTEMBER 10 , 1853 . [ Pbice Sixpence .

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      The Peace Of Europe Now Hangs In Breathl...

      THE peace of Europe now hangs in breathless suspense on the decision of the Czar ; for to such a point it appears we have come , after all the brave assurances about controlling that headstrong and irrational Potentate ! The Turkish modifications in the Vienna Note have been followed by an authoritative statement of the reasons which animated the Porte in requiring those modifications . These reasons are stated in singularly calm , argumentative language ,

      without elaboration , as it is without irritating pungency . The power of the statement is derived entirely from its appealing to the rational and correct feeling of all men , without regard to country , party , or sect . The purpose is expressed by its own writer , thus" The paragraphs that the Sublime Porte might , with regard to religious privileges , insert in the Noto he will sign , ought , as it lms always been declared

      cither verbally or in writing , to express nothing but assurances calculated to banish the doubts put forward by tlio Government of Russin , and which have formed the subject of these discussions . But to fortify by now ties the religious identity already existing between a great community of the subjects of the Sublime Porte and a foreign power , to give to the Government of Russia a motivo to pretend to exercise a right of survcillanco and interference in such matters , would be , in

      omo sort , to admit a participation in sovereign rights , an endanger the existence of the empire . It is , Wieroforo , totally impoaaible for the Government af his Majest y tho Sultnn to assent to such a proposition without being forced . " The objection here enforced is exactly the same in substance with the objection which Turkey made to the note proposed by Prince Menschikoff , namely , the recognition of Russia as exercising a distinct and effective influence in Turkey , and directing «* 11 O Jltf * f"Q S \ -P « 4- « « , ^_ * - - - fill . .- " 1-1 „ _ £ ? " « acts of its soverei The of

      gn power . position « ur Ministers at the present moment is unintell Ril > le . Having supported Turkey in resisting certain demands , they now support Austria in repeating «» e same demands . The 'limes cries out at Turkey r tuc dclay , and , at the name time , describes the question of peace or war as depending upon Rus"J ; a position which implies that the mediating * owera really surrender the settlement of the question to the principals between whom they "itciul to mediate , or , rather , to the aggressor

      " JlOltl I'llftir ^^ -v ^ l . 1 ~ -1 A . ,. ..,. »! . r . J- fill . n A . —A . wnom they combined to resist . That strange Position which we noticed last week , subsists in a » its perilous ambiguity .

      On the other hand , Optimism supposes that the position of England or France is not finally determined by that of the Four Powers . The Four Powers have proposed an accommodation ; if it were accepted by Turkey , well ; England and France would be glad ; but if either one or other of the conflicting States refuse the accommodation , the whole affair is again thrown loose —the function of the Four Powers has ceased , the constituent members of the Conference are once more separately free ; and in that case , it is averred , France and England would revert to their original support of Turkey .

      Rome appears to be more or less mixed up with the other remarkable movements in Europe . Rome itself , indeed , is the seat of one a grand razzia of patriots connected with the party of Italy . There is no concealing the fact of the detection . The men who have been arrested are known for their patriotic feelings , as some of them are for their distinguished ability . That there have been traitors at work is also

      evident , but that there was any movement in preparation which is arrested by this detection , is a mistake , and we explain the nature of the mistake in another place . The traitors , if such they are , do not properly belong to the patriotic party ; they are what we in England should call " outsiders . " Nevertheless , the fact remains , that more devoted patriots have been added to the thousands who now languish in the prisons of

      Italy . While Rome is pursuing those who desire to restore independence and nationality to Italy , the Emperor of Austria is encouraging reports that his rule in the North of Italy is about to become one of lenity and of ordinary civil Government — after five years of siege ! The reason is , that he anticipates some hazardous consequences from the dearth which is beginning

      to show itself in all parts of Italy , as well as in other countries ; and dreading lest the population of bis most productive province — for the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom , with one-eighth of the population , has returned one-fourth of the Imperial revenue—should be stung to a universal revolt by the want of bread , he is taking steps to prevent abstractions of supplies , and to lull the people with the promise df his

      benevolence . While the Church is contending with the efforts of civil liberty in Italy , the same struggle is proceeding in Geneva , though , there , it is complicated with other nucBtionn . Tho old quarrel of the

      Sonderbund has never been thoroughly laid to rest it is that quarrel which in America is represented by the conflict between Federalism and Nullification . But it happens that the Swiss , who stand up for State rights—that is , for the independence of the Canton in Cantonal affairsare allied with the Jesuits and the tools of Absolutism , while those who have for many years carried on an overbearing policy of central

      authority , are the Protestant side . A new society has been formed to protect the rig hts of the Protestant Church , and it is to be regretted thai } sectional divisions amongst the Swiss and Jesuit intrigues should so far twist the relations of parties in that Repnblic , as for a time to avert partially the natural alliance between Protestantism and Constitutionalism on the one side , Absolutism and dogmatic tyranny on the other . Switzerland , however , by no means secure , has too keen an insight into her own dangers to revive the disputes which divided her before , and their most recent manifestations have been

      suppressed . From America we have scarcely any intelligence worth note . The rumours of war with Mexico we noticed , when the probability was first known to us . The despatch of Lord John , which angers the American journals , we discussed weeks ago , and it is entirely an affair of the past . Tho most notable ' event is that decision of Judge

      M'Lean , of the Supreme Court , on the fugitive slave M'Quirry—an able judicial exposition , in which the judge shows that slavery is not an affair of the Union , but is entirely dependent on the local law—the law of states independent and sovereign within their own jurisdiction , which the federal authorities are bound by the Constitution

      to respect . The dearth which we have noticed in Italy begins to be felt , also , in Belgium , Holland , and France , and , in all these countries , some stepa have been taken to tamper with the export and import of corn ; here the export is prohibited , there the import is set free . _ ,.. ., -. i . _ . ^ .,,,, l . . maximum tor the has fixed maximum tor

      In France Emperor a the price of bread , and doubled the duty on the export of wheat . In England export and import , price of bread and nil , are perfectly free , and , the consequence is , the largest portion of the gram of the world is coming into our ports . Tins partly accounts for the tig htness in our money markets , and that , again , accounts for the fall in the ftmda , which has continued , now , for some time , so that whereas consols were above par in May , they arc

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 10, 1853, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_10091853/page/1/