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Leader (1850-1860), 12th July 1856, Edition 2 of 2, Page 1, r. « mTTT>T> A V TTTT-v -| o IQKa p PTrT...

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  • Departments (2)
    • Contents: 660 The British ital in Smyrna 667
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      O M Atisdnm^'^^^ - Ojp Vf • ^^Aocr. A Po...

      o M atiSdnm ^ ' ^^^ - ojp vf ^^ aocr . A POLITICAL AND LITERARY REVIEW .

      ^^^Sm^^^I^^S^^ M^Mm^^I^^^ Of Our Spiritu...

      ^^^ sm ^^^ i ^^ s ^^ m ^ mm ^^ i ^^^ of our spiritual nature . "—HumboUHfs Cosmos . ^^^^^^ ¦ .

      Contents: 660 The British Ital In Smyrna 667

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      fia ^ iSSStoBSic- - - . " & | sS ^ ..:::: r :::::::::::::::::::::: tS > JiSSUSS ^ ~ " £££ » - » -. eg - The Return of the Guards ............... 652 rusi 8 U J ' Summary 663 The Fielding Fund 66 S The American Anniversary of Iude- PUBLIC AFFAIRS- A Naturalist at Tenby 064 The Theatres . ^^ 669 £ ^ == S % ^ t &* = S £ 3 fs £ » ££ E S "ssxsssixsssi . -. , ™

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      r . « mTTT > T > A V TTTT-v - | o IQKa p PTrT ? CUNSTAMPED-FIVEPENCE . VOX / . VII . No . 329 . ] SATURDAY , JULT 12 , 1856 . . trice jstamped sixpence .

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      Hw of tije Wnk . —?—

      Lord John Russell Has Announced His Inte...

      LORD JOHN RUSSELL has announced his intention of questioning Government on the subject of their position with respect to Italy . The instant this announcement was made the public interest was excited . Already there was sufficient distrust as to the position of our Government , and the very fact of Lord John's asking the question implied that some necessity for explanation was felt in the high circles of politics , as well

      as by the public . The postponement of the inquiry has added to its importance . On the Friday the House is anxious to separate , the question would have been raised simply on the motion for adjournment ; on Monday it will be brought forward in a more regular manner , and there will be ample time for its discussion . Lord John has claimed precedence of the orders of the day ; and the additional tlmo taken , the additional care to secure perfect attention , and to draw forth a full account , have , we say , enhanced the public

      interest . The events of the week are calculated to confirm the necessity for explanation . The reply which Lord Clabekdon has made to Count Apfony , the Austrian Envoy in London , has been regarded in Turin , and will be regarded throughout Italy , as showing , to quote the words of an Italian contemporary , " either that diplomacy does not dare to loosen the knot of the Italian question , or does not know how . " Of all people the English are those who boast of being most

      downright , most direct , the least diplomatic ; and yet of all people on the Continent we stand at tho present moment in the position of being the most circuitous and tho least intelligible . It has been reported that the Italian question is virtually settled between the two Emperors of Austria and France—England herself standing by . This has been semiofficially denied by tho Morning JPosL but in a

      strange manner . The writer affirms that the visit of the Emperor Napomcon to Flombicres is for purely sanitary objects , and that the whole question turns upon tho course which the Western Powers may take towards Naples ; as if Naples were tne whole Italian question , or tho most important part of it ! Tho true knot of tho Italian question does not lie in tho south , but in tho north and centre ; tho true point for Englishman to consider is tho proposal by Sardinia of

      constitutional and moderate reforms . That was the plan which Massimo D'Azeglio set forth in the memorandum presented by Count Cavotjb to the Conference at Paris ;—the recommendation of moderate practical reforms in the various . Italian States by the representatives of Trance and England , in conjunction with Sardinia , and avowedly in conjunction ; and in conjunction also , still openly , with the most influential men of those

      several States . That is an open course ; it is moderate , practical , English . It is moderate , because it proposes a minimum of change in the several States , and would reconcile the past with tne future ; it is practical , because there exist in all those Sta ^^ xnaterials for commencing such a reform to-morrow ; it is English , because it is exactly like our own mode of proceeding , and it has commanded the solicitude of the English public .

      The practical character of it is shown by the latest events in Italy , which also explain the form of Austrian resistance , and tell how it may be beaten . In Tuscany a man has been charged with the crime of becoming a Protestant . We all remember how Cecchi was arraigned , condemned , and sentenced to imprisonment for an act of Protestantism ; how , by an act of mercy , a part of his punishment was remitted , and how he found refuse and employment under the Government of Sardinia . There exist in Florence materials for

      reforming that state of things . The Advocate S-Ar . vA . GNOu defended the new prisoner in the criminal court of Tuscany , on the ground that the civil law of the State has no enactment providing for such a case ; that in fact there is nothing in the law of Tuscany to punish a man for changing his creed . This is indeed astounding intelligence to many , though it is quite consistent with the spirit that has ruled Tuscany for centuries , except within the last few years . Even the present Grand-Duke has shown a disposition to civil and

      religious liberty ; he has been seen with a Protestant Testament in his hand . The judge sustained the argument , and tho prisoner was acquitted . This is bold , it is wise ; it shows the disposition in tho Tuscan capital to rely upon Italian laws , Italian men , Italian opinion , as contradistinguished from Austria and her protog 6 o-accomplice , Rome . If tho Grand-Duke can bo persuaded to act with his subjects , Licoroi-i ) II . will vie in fame with Lkopold ] ., " of happy memory , " as tho Italians title him to this day . The Ministry of Parma has followed a somewhat similar course . Wo all knew , n little while

      I back , that it had refused to go on bringing prisoners before the military commission "which Austria has maintained in the capital to judge political offenders . Members of that commission , and officers of it , have been assailed or threatened ; still it persevered . De Cbennevuae took possession of Parma to overawe the better classes , as well as the populace . For a time the Duchess appeared to shelter herself under this protection , but lately her Ministers threw it off . They insisted upon bringing a man accused of the assassination of the late Duke before the ordinary Italian tribunals . Austria grew angry : slanders against the Duchess were circulated , and held out to her as threats—slanders which affected her moral character , and associated her with the assassin of her husband . These slanders have been circulated in Italy , France , Belgium , and England . But the Duchess defies her protectors ; she has successfully insisted upon the recal of Db Cbhhhevit . jle ; she has thrown herself upon her Italian Ministers , and they , once more becoming national , call for the support of the Western Powers . Here is a case , then , where the position of our Government , its straightforwardness , directness , and independence of Austria , become of particular moment . The intelligence from America is not uninteresting . Colonel Fbemomt has been nominated by the Republican party as the Anti-slavery representative . Such is the tendency in the Union to open a contest between North and South , that the Northern States may be inclined to take up the pure Anti-slavery candidate , notwithstanding the many considerations—the knowledge of European affairs , tho intelligible course which Jambs Buchanan would probably take in English questions , and the hold which he has upon tho confidence of the entire Union . In this case they may so disturb the state of the votes as to leave the election to the present Houso of Representatives , —which neither represents tho Union as it is , nor would be inclined to tolerate a candidate so totally dissimilar to the present administration . TM |? m * y cause a confusion , and would unquestionably aggravate tho feud between IsTorth and South . Oa the other hand , tho Northern States may understand how completely slavery would be placed within a ring-fence by the natural growth of the free stptarf " how the true solution of that question , witKpuVm tho slightest degree conceding to tho * 4 in (^^( iments of the black stain , would be obtl ^ ej ^ fey > 'ft '¦•" strict maintenance of federal ns wel £ ^ etfute < "' . ¦ ¦ r 3 •»

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), July 12, 1856, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_12071856/page/1/