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September 17, 1853.] THE LEADER. 895
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THE CHOLERA IN" ENGLAND. The Chplera Com...
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FALLING HOUSES. The inquiry into th e ca...
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THE WORKING CLASSES. The London bootmake...
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STORY OF A WILL. Tun Kelly will case—ono...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The Baknstaple Briberies. The Barnstaple...
money in consideration of his rote . Inquiry verified the fact ; but it appeared that the poor man was discovered in time to avert an immediately fatal result , and it is thought he will ultimately recover .
September 17, 1853.] The Leader. 895
September 17 , 1853 . ] THE LEADER . 895
The Cholera In" England. The Chplera Com...
THE CHOLERA IN" ENGLAND . The Chplera Committee appointed . by the Epidemiological Society of London are , wo are informed , diligently engaged iin investigating the origin and progress of the present outbreak of cholera in this country . A case of cholera has occurred in South wark—in a locality surrounded by knackers' yards , bone boilers , and catgut makers . John Hickie . was taken ill on Saturday at one o ' clock ( "having violent pains in his bowels . " ) He came home : a doctor was sent for ; medicines were given , and his body was chafed , but he continued to have purging and severe cramps . ; He sank into collapse that evening , and died the next evening . The house where the man died was in a very dirty state : and it had a very bad smeil
from the knackers' yards and bone-boilers . There are several bone-boilers close together , besides catgut-string makers . The stench is most offensive from them . There is no back entrance or yard to any of the houses , and but two privies , common to all , neither of which are drained . There is but one drain , and that is placed in the centre of the court for the refuse or slops of the ten houses , the stench from which is most intolerable and suffocating . Nothing whatever has been done to these houses since the Jasfc visitation of cholera . The Buildings Act prohibits bone-boiling in towns , but its prohibition was dated thirty
years from the passing of the act , that is , twenty-one years hence . Regarding this special Southwark nuisance , the neighbours had been anxious to remove it , but were baffled by the delays of the official people . The following verdict was returned by the jury who sat upon the body of the victim : —rThat the deceased died from Asiatic cholera , induced from the unwholesome trades carried on in the neighbourhood ; that it is the opinion of the jury that the Board of Guardians ought to bo invested with the authority they formex'ly held under the Board of Health in such matters , and that that power should be coniarmous . "
The City Court of Sewers has got a report from its medical officer , pointing out the existence of offensive slaughter-houses in the city . . '"' .. The cholera continues at Newcastle . On Monday there ¦ were in that town 57 new cases , 10 recoveries , 23 deaths , andinGateshead , up to the same date , there were 27 deaths . Precautions are to be taken , nowthat the disease has broken out . Tho Board of Guardians has adopted the following suggestions : — " 1 . That a sanitary officer be appointed to act in conjunction with the medical and relieving officer of the parish of All Saints . 2 . Four or six nursesor female attendants to be employed ; also whitewashes . 3 . From places overcrowded means should be provided for removing to the vagrant ward . 4 . That the inspectors of provisions should visit the Hamburgh steamboats and fruit ships ,
Math a view to ascertain and interdict the sale of rotten or unwholesome fruit . 5 . That a ' house to house' visitation be established to treat all incipient cases , and to cause tho removal of filth and nuisances . 6 . That a cholera station bo placed about tho Avest end of the New-road , whero medicine and attendance can bo promptly had during tho night . 7 . That animal food and bread , and coals bo distributed to widows and other very destitute people in tho neighbourhood of infected localities . 8 . That the police bo requested to stop tho prevalent practice of throwing nightsoil out of tho windows . 9 . That tho scavenging of tho narrow lanes , & c ., bo done in the morning , and not , as at present , in tho middle of tho day . 10 . That all the Lines from tho head of the quay to the east end of Sandgato bo washed out by tho water-engine . "
Slaughter-houses are making preparations for cholera in '" ( he City . " In consequence of tho suppression of slaughtering in collars within tho City , there lias been a greater demand , especially in this locality , for other slaughtering phicoa , and many of thoso persons who own registered slaugh ter-houses in Nowgatcmarkct have been inducod u > share these with the displaced slaughterers . In eon-Hoquence of this hospitality , the amount of ( slaughtering in particular premises has increased very considerably , and such promises havo , in fact , assumed ' altogether tho character of public Hlaughtor-houKCH , whevo , on many days , ^ 'lughtering mjcfl on continuously . For this rmrooso thov
»«' o absolutely unsuitcd , in respect of thoir dimensions and ventilation , Bo tlmfc neighbours who had pationtfy tolerated ho previous system havo raised loud objections against oo ° '' ll tftf » nvation of tho nuisance , it appears that in ^ slaughtering places of this locality thero arc- slaugh-Jjn- (!( l annually about 111 , 800 animals , and , to moasuro ijio ovil accurately , it ; must bo remembered , that this HJiuightering comes unequally in different houses , and on "Hlornnt days . Thus , for inatnnco , in ono particular HI 'i . "ghlor-l , OUSOj which is much complained of by its »« iL'hl > ourfl , ( hero have been killed 250 animals in a day , »» l tho ventilation of this place can only bo effected ¦ "rough ( l Horfc ofHnnf (; > 12 feet wido , which is bounded on '" " houMi hkIo by ( he baciks o ( thOlS 0 hoiiHeM in Palornoster-, Zr , „ ° lloUHOH > accordingly , cannot , but , receive the «» u-e ellluvia of tho Hhamhhw .
of M (<< " »«» - » l Bonrd of Health report from Newcastle Me ]) rogn « HH of the-dimMiso , wo find tho following account » l 'lie eonrluet , of ( he loeal authorities : — " Tluv Town , " >« uiejl ] , llVo Hii . spended thoir by-laws to paw tho common mrniK-houHe v <» gulal , ioiiH under tho AH , which they havo w ' . a to remain a dead lottm- up to thin moment ,, thoiiHh ncro m not ; a place in the kingdom in which its provisions "ore more urgently ro | uire < l . " Anil in a lel , t , er from Nowcnstlo I , o t , ho Tiuwswo find (] , „ 1 isMr £ nn ~ V Wil [ nny of - your romlorH lM'Iiwv « •¦»»* »«¦ ( . i ( " , ' ( ' () 0 I'umlioM in this town aro destitute of walorn ™»« 'n »«' > y i . > H , and that , father and daughter , mother v ,, ( m ' l > rotl "' nnd H 1 Hlol < > Perform generally in the Hau . o c >«« ,. " ° ' mlmiu " - iuiiefcioiiH of nature ; and that thi . s i « iutoS , " ! - " ' " ' ? !'" lt ontiro district uro converted ulu gignuUo cooapoola Y '
Falling Houses. The Inquiry Into Th E Ca...
FALLING HOUSES . The inquiry into th e causes of the fall of tho Strand houses , has elicited some curious facts . A policeman doposed—" I . was on duty in the Strand on Thursday morning last , aloufc . twenty minutes before eight o ' clock . I was standing opposite the h 6 use which has now fallen down , No . 184 . I was looking up towards this house , standing on the opposite side of the way . It seemed to mo as if something gave way at the bottom of the house ; it directly gave a loud crack at the top , and down it fell into the hole , where there is an excavation for another house . The dust was so great that I was smothered and could not see for some time . The whole house went down at once , in about half a minute . " A suspicious juryman asked— " Had you any motive for looking up at that house more than at any other house ? " and the policeman answered , " No . " A carpenter who appeared as a witness , said— " I had noticed the house before it fell down , and it had been the subject of conversation , as being in an unsafe state . This conversation was on the Tuesday . I had looked at the house myself , but had not expressed an opinion . It was expressed to me by some labouring men . I shall be able to find them . " One of the inmates of the house , Elizabeth Stanhouse , a young girl of eighteen , told her story : — " I was in tho house when the fall occurred , about a quarter to eight o'clock . I was in the kitchen when I heard a slight crack . It was a very slight crack , and appeared to come from just where I was standing , close by the pavement in the area . I threw myself down , as I heard the house was not safe , instead of running up stairs , and I fell down the steps leadinsr into the cellar . I was stunned , and as soon as I
could recovei I heard a noise like thunder , and it became perfectly dark . None of the ruins fell upon me , but it blocked up tie vault door , so that it made the place completely dark . I was there I think about an hour and a half , screaming and crying out for aid , before any of tho bricks were moved . The rubbish was moved off the grating where the coals were let down , and J then turned the gas off at the meter , which was in the cellar , as I feared an accident , and I was nearly suffocated by the escape of it . I have heard Mr . and Mrs . Thompson say tho house was insecure . They have said _ so to friends , and Mr . Abrahams was there the day before , and said the party wall Avas coming down , and-that they were to stop on the firsfc floor while it came down . I am not aware if they made any official communication to any one that they considered the house to be unsafe . "
A person engaged on tho working of the foundation of the adjoining liouses said : — " When digging out the foundation , wo wore in two or three places about eighteen inches below the foundation of the house which fell ; but it was not generally all the way , though at one of these places , about 1 he centre , I caught sight of the wall bulging out . I can't say that tho hole did anything to weaken tho wall . It did not do it any good . When I saw the earth falling down from the wall , I did not apprehend danger . It was shored up immediately . " A builder , who had examined tho plans for tho new works , and who had often examined the house , said : — " Had . there been shores to support the joists and planlca placed under the ceilings , it would have been safe and standing now . "
Houses in town scorn bent on falling . In Ludgatc-hillj on Wednesday , two houses " bulged" and " threatened ;'' and they were then shored up . They havo not yet fallen . On Wednesday evening , in Fleet-street , tho back of a house fell in ; tho front also bulged , and tho glass panes cracked . An optician ' s house in Long-aero also shows signs of decay ; and tho inmates arc afraid that it will fall .
The Working Classes. The London Bootmake...
THE WORKING CLASSES . The London bootmakers have obtained the a dvance they asked . There are other metropolitan successes : tho basket-makers hnvo got ten per tent , increase , and the young persons employed in ready-made clothing , slop-clothing ' , and shirt-making , have obtained advances in some cases . Tho Dowlas colliers have established an advance of thirty per cent , upon tho wages given last autumn , but many of them Imvo found even better wages elsewhere . JMany demands are still outstanding . The general strike in the Manchester district proceeds : there nro now some 5000 looms , nnd 2000
workers idle in [ Manchester , and some i \>\ v at Fair field , near that city . Tho colliers of the West Riding demand , that as coal has risen lOd . a , ton , they should get an advance of [ id . a ton . They have made openair demonstrations . They al-o demand that Government should in . si . st upon proper precautions * against accidents in the working of mines . The journeymen baker * of London propose to demand an advance muking the movo by districts . Tho London police propose to make iiuother movement—privately to meet the objections of the Commissioners to gatherings of tho men . Tho Birmingham police , Home of whom
lately obtained mi advance , am about to demand an uniform and fair advance of 2 . ? ., according to classes . A branch of the Leicester hosiery workers Imvo demanded an advance of 2 d . per dozen up to sixty leads and it < 7 . per dozen above that width . This is a moderate request , and is likely to be successful . The cratomalcei'M in the Potteries demand an advance of 7 , ' cent . Women neoni inclined to join the general strike . At Mneolostield , the mangle-women demand GO per cent , advance in their prices , nnd the laundresses of Maeelosfield are about to organize a , strike at a public meeting .
Irish progress is shown in many departments . The railways have been especially served by the Exhibition , and it would appear that the dividends of shareholders must this season be very much above the former percentage , on paid-up capital . The Great Southern and Western's last week ' s returns amounted to 7 , 5417 . 14 s . 10 d ., against 6555 / . 6 s . Qd . at the same period last year . The Midland was 3078 / . 6 s . 9 d . against 2739 / . 7 s . 2 d . last year . The Ulster has made rapid
advances in its weekly earnings ; the receipts for the past week were 1417 J . 7 s . > against 1118 Z . 15 s . 3 d . same date of 1852 . The Queen ' s visit gave the Kingstown a start in the receipts ; 2091 £ . 5 . s . lid . were raised on that little line , scarcely seven miles in length . The line ot railway from Waterford to Tramore was opened on Wednesday , thus affording a further instance of what an Irishman can do . The line is seven and a halfmiles' long , and was completed by Mr . Dargan in sixteen weeks after the first sod was turned .
An Ulster manufacturer gives an account of the condition of the people in the district adjoining the Ban : — " There is not an idle man , woman , or boy in the whole district , unless in some case of incorrigible idleness . The manufacturers , the bleachers , and the linendealers , the muslin-working agents , the humble girls employed at embroidery—in fact , all classes are at full and profitable work ; and I assure you that there is no want of capital to carry on all this enterprise , / but quite the contrary . There is a steady increase in the rents demanded for farms ; agricultural produce is higher than for many years ; and the traffic on the railways here is augmenting /'
Here is another Irish fact . A Leeds firm lately started in Belfast , in the foundry business , have got large orders for steam-looms from several of our spinners and manufacturers , and that the establishment ia "to be in full work in the month of November . It may reasonably be expected that , in future , the trade will occupy a still more commanding position , while the wages of tho artizan will'be increased , and the commerce of the town extended .
lo find the Queen showing a practical interest in the dwellings of the common working people is very pleasing . She has written by " C . P . Pliipps" to Sir Edward Borough of Dublin , who is making an effort to establish a model lodging-house in that city : — " The Queen and Prince consider it of very great importance to the social condition" of the people of Dublin that this attempt at the improvement of the habitations should be successful ; but her Majesty and his Royal Highness feel also very anxious that some attempt should be made to improve the feeling of the lower classes in
Ireland with regard to the state of their clothing , and to induce them at least to make some exertion to keep their clothes , of however poor a quality , in a decent state of repair . It might , perhaps , be possible to join to the advantage of improved nnd cheap lodgings , some condition that the tenants of these apartments would be expected to make some attempt at mending their clothes , and they should be made to feel some shame at raggedness , which is ( as is ecen in otlier countries ) by no means a necessary accompaniment of poverty . "
1 he following is interesting to persons of the craftsman class , and to others : —" The Rev . Mr . M'Ken / ie , of the Free Church , Leith , lately erected a row of eight self-contained houses for tho working-classes , encli having a kitchen , scullery , and two bed-room ;? , with ample conveniences , for less than 700 / ., being at a mto of less than 88 / . for each house . Under tho present forms of conveyancing , nnd the multiplicity and the confused slate of our records , the expense attending the transfer of each of these houses would not be less than 20 / . Such expense consequently keeps tho working man out of the land market .. In America , and in some of our own colonies , house and land property can he conveyed from one f . o another by a , lew lines written on a single page of a public register , and lit the cost of a thw shillings . "
Story Of A Will. Tun Kelly Will Case—Ono...
STORY OF A WILL . Tun Kelly will case—ono of tho most mnarluiblo of tho day— -bus been in part , revived hy new legal proceedings . Tho fitory of tho whole transaction is an follows : —I ' u IM . 'IH , . Mrs . Birch \ vus married to tho Into ' Kdmiind Kelly , who died in IHlfvlouving personal properl . ylo tho amount , of 2 i >() , 00 ()/ ., anil real . property yielding ' hel . woon ' MOOl and ' 1000 / . a year . Wiu . Kelly applied for probate of a will which Hlio wiid had beon made by ' Mr . Kelly , and
whicW purported to convey to hor l . ho ontiro <> 1 tho deeenno < l geulJiiniiui ' H real and porfional properly . Miss ThowlcH , who , aH sole noxf , of kin , would bo entitled to ull Ilio personal property if Mi ' . Kolly died intcsluto , on l « r « l n tut mutt , upon which proceedings eommeneoil in Ihti 1 ' rero ^ a tivo Court . Mr . i . Kelly , it , would appear , introduced Mr . . John Robert , M alone , a solicitor , with whom flho hud been acquainted , to . Mr . Kelly , roprononting him to In ii person having hor confidence , and woll Huitod to carry out any arrangement ho wished to mako respecting hor . ilMio destroyed letters wore written to this Mr . Mulojio by Mm . . fc (; lly in tho montha of J imo , July , nnd
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 17, 1853, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_17091853/page/7/
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