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      Toe ^ Treiity Of Peace. —«-— The Daily N...

      declare that this disposition constitutes henceforth apart of the public law of Europe , . and they take it ( the disposition ); under their guarantee . The navigation of the Danube cannot be subjected to any hinderance ( entravey or dtfea ( eedebancesfr -which shall' not be expressly pro-, vided for by the stipulations ; contained in the following articles . In consequence no toll ( peage ) shall betaken that may be based sokly upon the fact of the navigation of the river , nor any duty ( ifooit ) upon , merchandise which may be on board vessels . The police and quaranr . tine regulations to be established for the security of the states . separated or traversed by this river shall be conceived in such a manner as to favour the circulation of ^ essels as much as possible ( autant quefaire te pourrci ) Save these regulations , no obstacle whatever ; shall be placed in the way of the free navigation . , , ¦ . ¦ .: ¦ . ' - ¦ .

      16 . —With the object of realising the dispositions of the ., preceding article , a Commission- in which : France ^ Austria , Great Britain , Prussia , Russia , "Sardinia , and Turkey , shall each bet represented by a delegate * shall be charged . to design and cause to be executed the necessary , works , from Isatcha downwards ( depuis Isatcka ) , \ in order to . clearithe mouths of the Danube as well as the neighbouring , parts of the sea . from the sand aud other obstacles which obstruct them , so ^ as to put that part of the river , and , the said parts of the sea , in the best possible state of navigability . To cover the expenses of these works , as well ag , of the establishments having for their object to : asgwe . and facilitate the navigation of the mouths of w the Danube , fixed duties , at a proper ( convenable ) rate , to be settled by the Commission by a majority of vote * , may be Jeyied , on the expiess conditions that in this respect ; a » in all others */ the flags of all nations shall be treated ona footing of : perfect equality . . ,. "; ¦ ¦ . ; : , ;¦¦ . .-.-,. -..

      17 » tttA Commission shall be appointed , composed of delegates of Austria , Bavaria , the Sublime Porte , , and "VvTurtemberg , ( pne -for . each of these Powers ) , to whichi Commission , the Commission of the .-. three J > anubian Principalities , whose nomination shall have been approved of by the Pprte ,, shall be joined . This Commission , wmcji , shall , l ^ Tpie ^ ane . nt , wiU first draw-up the . regulations of navigation and of fluvial police ; -secoridlyf remove , the , obstacles ( entraves )} of ; whatever nature they infly ,, be , ffwhiqh ,. a 8 . yet ^ prevent the application of . the d ^ po ! 4 tions , of , ith ^ jl ^ ea ^ y of yienna to the ; Danube v thirdly , give , ordersr for , and - ^ a * * o h e executed , the ' necessary , works -throughout the whole ; course > - <> f the riyer ^ Qsun . if ^ itg feparcptirg dvjieuve ) •; - and fourthly \ after the dissolution of th « t JEuropeaa Commission , see . to the maintenance ; of . the , navigability of the ; mouths of the Danube , an , d theneighbouring parts of . the-sea- . , ¦ > --

      , 18 , —Jt is understood that the European Commission will have fulfilled ; its task ,, ; and , ( that the ^ bordering ( riverain ^) Commission will have terminated the works designated in the ; preeeding articleunder theNos . 1 and 2 » within the space ofi % wo > yearsi The . Powers , parties to this treaty , assembled in conference and informed of these facts , will , after having taken' note of them Qapres en avffirpris aete ) , pronounce the , dissolution of the European , Commission , and thenceforth the permanent bordering . ( riiieraine ) ' , Commission shall enjoy the same powers , as . those with which the European Commission will have been invested up to that time . ,

      19 v—Jfn order to assure the execution , of the regulations which shall have been settled by common accord , in acn cordance with the principles hereinbefore enunciated , each of the contracting Powers shall have tha right at all times to station two light vessels at the mouths of the Danube . .... . .. . ,.., ¦ .. ' , 20 . —In exchange for the towns , ports ,, and territories enumerated in Article 4 of , the present treaty , and in order the better to assure the liberty of the navigation of the , Danube , his Blajesty t ^ e Emperor of all the Russias consents to the r ectification of his frontier in Bessarabia . The new ^ frpntfer , will start from the , ( Black Sea at one kilpmetrje , f pthp , e ^ st . of ¦ Lake Bourna-rSola , will perpendicularly rejoin the A ^ ennaiirrpad f follpw , th js road as fajf as the valley of Trajan , p « es to the , south of Boigrad , reascend along tlio river , Xajpuqk as fauna Saratsika , and will terminate at Kakamori on the Pruth . Above this point the old frontier between the two empir . es - \ vill , under .-

      go no modification . Dejegatoa of the contracting Powers , -will , settle , in its . details , the boundary lino of the newi frontier . ' , , .. .. 2 iL r - ; Xhe territory ceded by Russia shall be annexed to p "n 9 pal » ty of Moldavia , under the suzerainty , of thq . SubjlimpPprto . The inhabitants of this territory , will , ® J ] ' | 9 y . , C ,, rigJ } ts anApriyileges assured to th « Principalities , and during tlic space of three years thoy shall bo P ^**^ ] to , remove jtheir domicile elsewhere , freoly disposing ., of tJ ^ ojlr , . property . .. 22 ? rr , T , h e PnnciRoJities of WaUachia and Moldavia will icotitmuo ^ . on j ^ y ,, under the , suzerainty of the Porto , and , updor the , guaranty pf the , contracting Towers , the privileges and , imrnuoitjiqa , pf , which they arojn noaaeasion . No exclusive prpfccc , tio . n , shall , bo execcia & d over thorn by « ny onp tf the guaranteeing Powaro , There shall bo , no pnvatp ( portlcufav ) . right of ; Mtfwferonco with their internal nffiuie , ,

      38 , - ^ Thp Sub « M > G . Portp outages to preacrv * to the aforesaid Principalities an independent ) and , national ad-, ministration , nij w < ill « a f , ull Uborty of waraWp , logialarr Won , commerce , and luivigation . Tho laws and . stattttoa now ^ n force ehall bo revised . To establish a . « pmplot »

      accord as to this revision ,-a special ComtnisaioDj with regard to the composition of which the high contracting parties will come to an understanding , will assemble without delay at Bucharest , together with a Commission , of the Subh ' m « Porte . . The task ' of this Commissionwill be to inquire into the actual state and condition of the Principalities , and to propose the bases of their future organisation . . :.-..... -24 . ^~ His Majesty the Sultan promises to , convoke immediately in each of the two provinces , a divan ad hoc , composed in , such a manner as to constitute the most exact representation of the interests of all classes of Bociety * , These divans are to , give expression to the wishes , of the populations relative to the . . definitive organisation of the Principalities . An- instruction of- the Congress will regulate the relations of the Commission with these divans .... _ . .. . .

      25 . —Taking into consideration the opinion expressed by the two divans , the Commission will , without delay , transmit the result of its own labours to the . present seat of the Conferences . , The Jnal understanding of the Suzerain Power will be . recorded ( consacrtie ) in a convention concluded at Paris between the high contracting parties , and a hatti-scheriff conformable , to the stipulations of the convention will definitively constitute the organisation of these provinces —placed thenceforth , under the collective guarantee of all the Powers parties to t " he treaty . 26 . —Oft i ? agreed that there shall be in the Principaiities an armed national force organised , with ,, the Qbject of maintaining the security of the interior , and , assuring that of the frontiers . JS " o impediment ( erdrdxe ^ ' -is' io be placed in the Way of such extraordinary measures of defence , as , in accordance with the Sublime Porte , the Principalities may le under the necessity of taking ( sernieyt - appeUs it , preiidre ) to repulse any foreign

      aggression ., , ^ 27- —^ If t he ihtjernat tranquulity of thf principalities shouldr bd- menacedpr comproniise 4 , the Sublim e Porte will coitie ; tp . an , understaridihg " vr ' xftk . the ojtber contraefcirig Powers , -as io the measures to be ; taken to maintain or re-establish legal ( order . , ]^ p arined" intetyentioii can " - take place without a pre ^ otts ' accdi'd ^ with" these Powers . - ' . '¦ ¦ ' . . . ¦ '¦ ¦ ¦ - •¦¦ : :- "i ,- ' . :: ¦ ^ S . ^ The . P ^ inciijalM yjofe ^ ^ ervia ' j w ^^ contirtue ^ tp be dependent upon ( a ' ^ eleyer . , ofej' t ^ e [ Sublime "Porte conformably to the Imperial hay £ is ^ wjfijc ^^^ a ^ d ^ eterm | n £ its'irtjijhts ' an ^ the c 6 Ue

      20 .- ^ -The right of garrison of t ^ e SufelimePorte , pnqh ag ^ is stipulated for by . anteripr ' ^ gulatipns , is rnaimtained . No armed intervention is to take place in Servia without ' a previous . accord between all the contracting ? Powers . ' '; , .,.,. /' .. ... ; , ' . ' ¦ .. ' .. 30 .- ~ His Majesty , the femperor , of ., all the Russias , and hia _ Majesty the Sultan keep in its , integrity tl ^ e . state of th ^ ir possessions ( in Asia , such as ij ; existed legally before the rupture . In order , to . pr . eyent any local contest , the boundary of the frontier will be verified , and if need be rectified , but so aa that ho territorial

      prejudice" shall !' tegulfc to either of the two narties from any such rectification . With this : view ; a , mixed Commisslon composed of two Knssian Commissioners , two Ottoman Cornmissioners , one French Commissioner , and one English Commissioner , shall be sent to the locality ( sur les Ueitxy immediately after , the re-establishment of diplomatic relations between the Court of Russia and the Sublime Por ^ e .. "JThe labours th \ a Commission are to be terminated withi ^ i ^ he ^ pAce of eight months , datingfrom the exchange of tWratifications of the present treatvl

      31 . —The territories occupied during the war by the troops of their Majesties the Eniperor of the French , the Emperor of Austria , the Queen of the United Kingdom , of Great Britain and Ireland , and th « King of Sardinia , under the terms of the Conventions signed at Constantinople on March 1 , 2 , 18 . 54 ,. between France , Great Britain , and the Sublinje Ppjtc , the 14 th of J « ne of the samp year bo ^ w ^ on A , ustria and the Sublime , Porto , aiid the 15 th of March , 18 < 55 , botwepn Sardinia . an 4 the Sublime Porte , shall bo evacuated os soon aa possible ( cHissitdt gweya ^ re \ se xpyrrfi ) after Jhp ratifications of t ^ a present treaty . Thcj time w ^ tnip , which the evacuation ia to bo effected ( 7 ? s d 6 lai $ )} and the inieaps of execution , will bo tho subject of a convention between tho Qubllmo Porte an . d tho Powers , whose troops occupy the territories . -. ¦ i * ¦ _ .

      32 . —Until the treaties , pr conventions which existed before the war between the . bolligeront Powers 8 l » allhavo been renewed or rojplap < 5 d by new aota , tho commerce of importation and oxflpi-. tatiptvuhaHgo on reciproQijilly upon the footing of tho rules in f ^ rCe before the . war , and their subjects shall in all other ro 3 peot »(«» i ( oute atttre mm & re ) bo respectively treated \ ippn tho fPotipg of tho most favoured nation . 3 p . —The Convention qonctudod this day between their Majesties the Emporor pf t , ho Fronph , thq Queen of tho Uultbd Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland , of tho one pav ( t , and his Majesty tho Emporor pf all tho Uusaias of tho other part , relative to tho Aland Ialea , ia and

      remains annexed te the present treaty , and shall : hav " e the rsame force * and value as if it had made-part of it ; , 34 . —The present treaty shall be ^ ratified , and ^ he ratifications shall be exchanged _ -at Paria , witiun the space of ; four weeks , or sooner , ' if possible ^ In faith of which , , -the respective Plenipotentiaries ffaaye signed It and have hereto affixed the seal of their arms , v ' ¦> . t .. : . * ¦ ..... . - . ., ¦ i

      Jjjpgia 26^185b:Li:I, Tmjel,Il^^.Lm3bl.-...

      JjjpgiA 26 ^ 185 B : li : i , TmJEl , Il ^^ . lM 3 BL .--- - ¦ , . .. . ^ jjfe .

      Count Walewski On The Greek Anifc Italia...

      COUNT WALEWSKI ON THE GREEK ANIfc ITALIAN ( QUESTIONS . Fkom the Daify News of"yfesterdajr we derive"H sumnaary ( which we give t iiitiply an the authority of that journal ) of Count'WaleTW | fciVispeech oh the Greek and Italian Questions , delivered at the sitting of the Congress on the 8 th inst . Ailter some formal business , , - _ ; -, . i ^ Connt Walewski rose and said : He thought it was desirable that , before they separated , ; the Plempdtett ^ tiaries should exchange their ideas upon various subjects which ealled for eolation , and which it- "might be useful to take into consideration ^ with a view to prevent future complications . Althdugh they had assemtle'd fpf the special purpPse of arrainging the Eastern ( Jnestibri ^ the Congress might , in his -opinion , have to reproa ^ K itself if it were not to take advantage of the circunt ^ stances which had brought together so ^ xiany represeBe " tatives of the principal Powers of Eur 6 pK , to elucidatie ( certain questions , lay down certain princrples , ' and ' giV' ^ utterance to certain sentiments—all with tSie sole object of assuring the tranquillity of the world- by dispeuhi ^ While yet they were- not too- threatening ; / tires cloads which might already be « een lowering in the political horizon . It could not , he said ; be denied , that Greece wasin an abnormal situation . TheK-anarchy to > which that country had been abandoned had compelled-Franco and England to sendtrppps to th 4 Pir ^ us , and that at a time when their armies , had no lack of , emplpyment elsewhere . ' The' Cbngresg knew ' what ' yr B # the state of

      . . Greece at that lhpiient . ! Jlprepveir , Cpngress ' pclnld " not be ; ignorant itiat ^' condition ^^ h ^ t ^ coimtry ' waS T ajr froni ^ spsfatei ^ ry ^ 'V ^^ ' ^^ r 'W ^ oSd . ^ - therefbifebe iap ^ eefimg wthp ut ^ t ^ til ^ represeated in the Congress were to njanifert a desii ^ tb see the three protecting ^ Courts ^ tal ^ intoitneir mature consideration the ;? deplprable situation of the kingdom ;; ^ hich they ,, hadV « rea | ed ,,. a ^ ndJ 4 « y ^ e meansjtp apply a remedy . Ciount Walewski , djdjo . pt doubt that lypnlcija ^ rendpn would concur witji him in d ^^ Goveraments wer 0 most anxiously ^ pp ldng v ] Eprj « rar 4 ito the moment when they might s ^ e ^ y . piit ^^^^ nm 4 , to thejjp occupaUbn ^ pf ; Greec ^; hut th ^;^^

      do , so long , as , ; seripus , modifications were jipt madein ? the preserit . s . tateof things i \ i Greece . ,, ' j : . ' r . ii < ,- : .-.-j ^ . ^ j < j The French , Plenip ; 9 tentiary afterwarda reminded tlwg Congress ihat the Pontifical , State ^ , were . ' jalso in an absi normal situation . The , necessity , pf not leaving Ahpsej States a prey to anarchy had determined France as . wellj as Austria to respond to , the request of ; the Ilolyigee ' iU ) occupying Itome wi ) th her troops while Austria -occupied ; tlie Legations . France had a doable motive jn deferring ; without hesitation to the desires pf the Holy See--rlati . i as a Catholic ; and 2 nd , as a , European Power ,. A « theo " eldest child pf the Chuirch , " a title of which the JEd ^ -i peror , -yraa most proud , h ^ s Majesty had , ma ^ de it a duty ) to g » ve his aid to the Sovereign Pontiff . Rutfurther .

      , the tranquillity of the Roman States ,, upon which de-i pended ihe tranquillity of all Italy , was much too , closely I connected with the maintenance of order , in Enrope fot . France not to have an inteiest of the highest kind to aa * - , sist , by all the meaps in her power , in the preservatipn odt order in the Pope a dominions . Btp fully , saw how much there was that was abnormal in the situation of a Power > which had need of the support of foreign troops in order to maintain its authority . He -did not , hesitate to de-. ; dare , and ho hoped that Count Buol would say as much on tho part pf Austria , that Franco was not only , ready

      to withdraw her troops from Rome , but ahe desired with a } l her heart that tho time when she might do bo without compromising tho interests of the Pontifical Govcrnm inent , in which the Emporor took , so lively an interest , might not bo indefinitely postponed . , It was nnoat deai-i . rablo ,, ia the interest of the equilibrium o « Europey that tho French forces should be enabled safely to ova . 4 cuate tho Koman States . I | o did not doubt that , the frank expression , of th 4 ) se sentiments on the part of Franco and Austria would do good , and produce a favourable impression . . , ' , ,

      Continuing in the earn * order pf ideas ho felt prompted to inquire whothor it was not to bo wishod that certain Governments in tho Italian Pouinsula should , by acts of woll-considerod clemency , concillato such of their aubjocts as wore not perverted though thoy had gono aBtray , ah'd should thus put an end to a system which operated directly contrary to lte object , a system which , instead of restraining tho enemies of ordor , had for . Its effect to woftkon tho Qovernmonta that Acted upon it , and to augment tho number of tho partisans of demagogy ? In hia opinion , it would bo to render a signal service to the Government of tho Two Sicilies , aa , well aa - to tho cause of order in , tho Peninsula , to enlighten that Govommont on tho subject of tho wxong course which it was pureii ^ ing . Ho thought that a warning concoivod in thie

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), April 26, 1856, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_26041856/page/5/