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    No^^^^ 26, 1853^ THE LEADER. 1133

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    CALUMNIES OF THE * * TIMES." The other d...

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    To the Editor of the Times. Sir,—In your...

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    Extract from the " Rides for tho Nationa...

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    AMERICAN NOTES. We have some news from. ...

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    PRLTSTCE ALBERT AT CAMBRIDGE. Peince Axb...

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    THE UURY ATH.KN7EUM. TUniY hao had an ed...

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  • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

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    The Spanish Cortes Were Opened On The 19...

    — says , "A highly creditable letter of the 11 th , from Jassy , says that the corps of Osten-Sacken , which was 35 days ' march distant when the order to advance was given , cannot reach the Pruth before the 1 st of December . In Jassy the Russians openly pressed a number of Jews , who could only escape the military service by paying a considerable sum . It is rumoured in the Wallachian capital that the son of Prince Vogorides , who was married , and settled at Bucharest , had been sent in chains to St . Petersburg , as a consequence of his correspondence with Omar Pacha , in which the movements of the Russian troops were made known , having been intercepted .. Six Boyards were also said to liave been sent to Siberia for keeping up a connexion with Omar Pacha . "

    The Piedinontese Chambers have been dissolved , in consequence of the defeat in the Senate by a majority of four votes of the Bill presented by the Government for transferring the'custody of the funds of the State to the National Bank . The elections will take place on the 8 th of December , and the new Chambers are to meet on the 19 th . The ministerial defeat is an intrigue of the reactionary and priestly party , to whom certain members of the ministry are particularly obnoxious . Letters from Bologna state that several of the deputies of the Roman Constituent Assembly , belonging to that province , have received an amnesty rrom the Pope . Lord Malmesbury has been invited to Fontainebleau .

    The Superior Court has given its decision in the affair of the foreign correspondents . It confirms the decision of the Imperial Court of Rouen , which is to the effect that the Prefect of Police has the right to seize and open letters which have been entrusted to the Post-office . letters from Egypt of the 17 th inst . state that the prohibition to make shipments of corn had come into effect , 400 , 000 ardebs having been alread y exported . Vessels half loaded with wheat were unable to complete their cargoes .

    No^^^^ 26, 1853^ The Leader. 1133

    No ^^^^ 26 , 1853 ^ THE LEADER . 1133

    Calumnies Of The * * Times." The Other D...

    CALUMNIES OF THE * * TIMES . " The other day the Times had a fierce article , accusing ' Mr . Mazzini and the National Party of advocating plunder and assassination , and .. quoting , incorrectly , some '' rules for the national bands . " The whole article breathed a bitter spirit of hostility . Mr . Mazzini has sent the following letters to the papers . The Times of yesterday did not contain the rectification forwarded to it . To the Editor of the Daily News . Dear Sir , —The following has been sent by me to the Times , perhaps you will oblige me by inserting it in your valuable paper . —Yours faithfully , Joseph Mazzini .

    To The Editor Of The Times. Sir,—In Your...

    To the Editor of the Times . Sir , —In your very excited article of the 22 nd on the Italian question you have quoted three lines of mine . It seems but fair that you should grant insertion to the first articles of the " Rules for the National Bands , " which were seized on my friend Felice Orsini . They bear my name . You may—unless you feel decidedly pledged to the system of Fouchd—" give me three written lines of any man and I sJiall lead him to the scaffold "—verify tho authenticity of the extracts at the Sardinian embassy . —I am , sir , with due respect , Joseph Mazzint . Pulhara , Thursday , Nov . 24 .

    Extract From The " Rides For Tho Nationa...

    Extract from the " Rides for tho National Bands . " The warfare carried on by means of national bands may bo regarded as the- first stage of a national war . The bauds must therefore bo organized in such a manner as may prepare- and facilitate the formation of tho national firmy . The general rules of tho organization , the authorization ° t tho chiefs , the moral and political instructions which shall govern tho conduct of those- bands towards their country nnd towards individuals , will therefore proceed li'oin tho centre of action , which , from some point of Italy , will combine and unito in a common , military Pi'tri , tlio apparently unconnected action of each individual i ) iind .

    ¦'¦ ho political mission of the national bands is tho armed nponl <) hU <» of tho insurrection . Every band must , bo in HHcli a living programme of tho morality of the pnvty . ' l <> 1 inost Hovoro discipline * is at once tho duty and a "weasit y for every band , n snored duty towards tho country , Ul ) < l ft lieeoHsity for tho l > im < l itself , whi ^ - 'h could not long oxwt , Hhould iho conduct of tho noldiors alienate tho eyml'lil . lucH of tho pooplo of the country . ¦• Mw pflfit to womon , to property , to individualfi , and 10 th « harvests , is tho firpt duty of tho soldier of tho national

    , j-ho national bands are tho proeursorH of tho nation , nnd ''" I it to arise : they aro not the nation , and havo no right ' ¦ " Rulwtituto themselves to it . To tho nation alone- belongs ' "' ''Kht of declaring il , n own boliof . Toleration — tlio ' | 9 » Mnquonoo of liberty of . conscience—in among tho first '" •( lion of a republican . Tho bands Hiu « t therefore respect H !«) ,, „ , UJ main (( lU ) H jlifJ ru , | ,,. alif , j , ¦«> tlui nation alono belongs tbo ngty of administeringfj , J ° luKhoHfc justice on Hioho guilty in tho punt—expiation . , "' . J > g <>« ineo of tho country cannot ; justly bo ontrustod

    ¦ no judgment of individuals , whomsoever they n > ay bo . jy ( lV 0 l'y band thoro will bo a oomuuHHiou elected by llr » fiii' among tho soldiers , and proHJded ovor by tho pT . ain , to wiitiSh ovor and maintain the inviolability of ¦ homo m \ m . Tho names of all soldiers punished or din"iiOHoU lot transgressing them , shall bo transmit led by tho

    captain to the centre of action , to be published at a fitting moment . . The captain of every national band is responsible to the centre of action for the conduct of the band . Should the captain himself be guilty of unworthy ; conduct , the centre of action will dismiss him , and appoint Ms successor . Whenever collective or repeated misconduct shall have proved any band unworthy of representing the national cause , the centre of action shall publicly proclaim its dissolution . Should it not dissolve , it shall from that time forward , be regarded as a mere body of men without a banner , and without a mission . The right of every band is to watch over its own safety , and to promote the insurrection .

    Every act of aggression or resistance , every information given , by the country people to the enemy , every hostile attempt on the part of individual Italians , will be speedily and severely punished b y the national bands . To compromise the large cities , and protect the smaller localities from the fury of the enemy , must be a general rule for the national bands . In traversing the smaller localities , and the defenceless parts of the country , the captains will not excite but repress all revolutionary demonstrations on the part of the inhabitants .

    American Notes. We Have Some News From. ...

    AMERICAN NOTES . We have some news from . "Washington , which we reprint from , the New York Herald as we find , it , with a caveat . . That journal , of course , has the interest , common to all papers , of coming as near the truth as compatible with the means at command ; but it is also interested in decrying the Government of General Pierce . However , we see no decided symptoms of hostility in the subjoined summary of the probable character of the Presidential Message shortly to be delivered . "It is understood the President in his Message will speak out pretty definitely upon the subject of the Pacific Railroad , and in such a manner as to satisfy the strictest constructionist . He has declared that the project , as pressed in the last Congress , ' Senator ( 3-winn'sBill , ' never could have his sanction , and he has intimated pretty clearly that if such bill is passed by Congress during has Presidency it will have to overcome a vote before it becomes the law of the land . " The President ' s feelings upon the subject of internal improvements by the general Government may be gathered from the facts , that he declares he sees no reason now to change the views he formerly held on that question , and that his votes in Congress at the time show his present position . " The < 3-aray and Tehuantepec grant will be endorsed by the Administration , and the treaty negotiated by Judge Conkling , recognising the Sloo grant , will not be noticed in any way , on the ground that there was no authority given to Conkling to negotiate a treaty , and that the Sloo grant is a diplomatic fraud to get rid of the Garay grant .

    " The President -will recommend a general system of reciprocal trade with the provinces of all articles the growth and product of each country , and the admission of fish duty free , upon our fishermen being permitted to fish unrestrictedly on tho coasts of Nova Scotia and Now Brunswick . " The proposition of tho English Government to permit colonial vessels to obtain American registers will not bo opposed , but the suggestion to throw open the coasting trade of California will bo rejected as unconstitutional . " A complete revision of tho tariff will , it is confidently stated , be suggested , and with this view the Secretary of * tho Treasury is busily engaged in preparing voluminous data to show the consumption of the several articles of trade , and will suggest , important modifications , in all such articles aa come under tho head of necessaries .

    " It is yot doubtful whether any material modifications will be made in tho duty on iron , but , notwithstanding tho most urgent remonstrances of tlio manufacturers of railroad iron in tho United States , it in believed a repeal of tho duty on that particular artielo will bo recommended . " The socrotary of tho navy will rocummoiiil an entire revision of the personnel and materiel of tho navy , being fully impressed with tho wortlilossnoaa of tho existing system . A rotirod list and an increase of pay to the nailorn will form a-prominent feature in hi « report . Perhaps tho moHt ' important feature- of tho Message will boit . s allusion to tho position of tho Sandwich J . shuuls and tho bold avowal of their being annexed to tho United States . Depend upon it , tho Proftidont will tnko this ground , and it will probably bo tho immodiato caiiNO of partion resolving themselves back to their original elements , tho Secessionists and tho Abolitionists flying off again an they did in 1850 . "

    Other statements , alno contained m tho sumo papor , havo their npocial intercut . " Mr . Orampton , tho British Minister , had along interview with tho Pre-sidon ! . , which wan particularly in reference to tho recent savage and ridiculous hMroIcs on tho British Government and British poh ' ay in relation to Cuba . Mr . Crampfon denied positively thai ; tho British Government had any idea of authorizing the . slave trado in Cuba for any length of time—or , in fact , had any other dosignn on Unit dependency of Spain than thoijo which wore guided by philanthropy and humanity . At the British Legation it is declared positively , that there in not Iho sliglitcnfc truth in any of tbo dreadful description of Britinli intrigues in Cuba which havo been recently put forth in tho Union and ' other journals ; and l . ho British Minister is very indignant at tho imputations cast on his Government through Mio organ .

    " The Hame day , alno , Chevalier Ilulsomaim called on Secretary Mare . y , and had a long conversation with him . A Government courier from Vienna has arrived in town , ami immediately procoodec ^ to the residence of the Austrian Minister . I havo not the slightest doubt but that tho recant ( u-riuigojuont in respect to KomUh

    between the American and Austrian Governments , has - been induced by a spirit of policy of both Austria and Russia towards the United States , in order to detach the latter irom . tho great maritime confederacy of Western Europe in favour of Turkey . In the Austrian W Russian . Embassies here I have heard frequent intimations , that'if the American Government and its influence were thrown into a neutral position , or in favour of Russia in tho Eastern question , they would not care for all the doings of the English and French Governments in that matter . It is believed , therefore , that ,.-under the influence of Russia , Austria may be-endeavouring . to got back into the good graces of the United States , in order to neutralize that Power in the approaching great contest in the East . "

    From the Sandwich Islands we hear that a decided step had been taken towards annexation to the United States . The French and . British Consuls had protested ^ to the King against such an act ; and the American Commissioners had replied in a firm but dignified manner . This movement had caused the greatest excitement in the island .

    The Government of the United States , upon the representation of Dr . Black , has determinded to despatch the sloop of war Cyane , Captain Holmes , immediately , as a part of the home squadron , to Caledonia Bay , to convey a surveying party , under the command of Lieutenant Strain , United States' Navy , for the purpose of making a thorough survey of the route from Caledonia Bay to San Miguel , in order to settle the question definitely as to the practicability of the proposed oceanic ship communication between the Atlantic and Pacific . This is done on the part of the Government , without reference to the execution of the work by any particular company , but as a subject deeply affecting' our own commerce , and the defence of our Pacific States .

    Prltstce Albert At Cambridge. Peince Axb...

    PRLTSTCE ALBERT AT CAMBRIDGE . Peince Axbebt , Chancellor of the University of Cambridge , accompanied by the Puke of Brabant , set out for that seat of learning on Tuesday . His main object in going seems to have been to confer a degree of Doctor of Laws upon the Duke of Brabant , and to show him the architectural beauties of an English University . The Royal party reached Trinity College about eleven o ' clock , and Dr . Whewell , the Master , and Professor Sed gwick received him at the lodge . The day was industriously spent by the Prince and Duke . They were edified by a lecture on the fossil animals of a former era of the world ' s history , and learnt that the me gatharia of that day were sloths , — a species of animal not yet extinct , and to be found even in England . They went to St . John ' s , the college which so hotly opposed the election of Prince Albert in 1847 , but which now made up for adverse votes , by crowding around the Prince , and dodging him about , and making a loyal uproar through the enveloping fog . They also visited Jesus , and Sidney , and Catherine Hall , and Peterhouse ; the Prince held a reception in the evening , and finished up the day by dining with Dr . Whewell .

    But the gTeat doings were on Wednesday , when the Prince presided over a congregation held in the Senate-house , for the purpose of conferring the degree on the Duke of Brabant . The undergraduates seemed to have especially distinguished themselves in making a noise , as is their wont on these occasions . They cheered and groaned , and bellowed at their favourites and foes . The oddest effect was produced when Dr . Whewell entered , whose name is said to be more easily whistled than spoken , and accordingly tho whole

    gallery whistled at once as he came in . There wore groans for the Emperor of Russia , and cheers for Turkey . Meanwhile the area gradually filled , and presented a striking appearance , and IVinco Albert ' s entrance changed the indescribable uproar , ho well sustained by " tho gods , " into general nnd hearty cheers . The ceremony of granting the degree we need not describe . After they left the Senate-house the Princo and tho Duke vinited somo more of the lions , and then returned to Windsor .

    The Uury Ath.Kn7eum. Tuniy Hao Had An Ed...

    THE UURY ATH . KN 7 EUM . TUniY hao had an educational or literary institution ovor Rincol 8 ; $ 7 . J- iut she hud Home time since outgrown its diniensionH , and in 1848 a now one was projected , larger and more comprehensive in its . scope . In 1850 , matters liud ho fiir advanced that . Lord Derby came down to lay the foundation-Htono , after having been a munificent HubHoribor ; and now , on tho Wednesday of thin week , we find Lord Stanley fitly presiding ovor the ceremony of the opening . Lord Stanley , in Iuh opening speech , treated of eduoationan the most important <| iiontion of the day , and ho declared that , in the name of biH lather , no man is more desirous of diffusing education . "ind raining the working claHHCH in the Hocial scale , than Lord Derby . Lord Stanley v « ry properly said , that the object of Athoimnnnn rmiHt not botoHiako BaeoivH and Arintotlos , but smooth , thopnfcli of tho ordinary student , and give to porHoim engaged in other atlkim a taste lor the ploammtH springing from the culture of tho intellect . At tho clone of Iuh Hpeecli lie dilated , in admirable twite , upon the Ho-called dangers of education ; and concluded , that man had a thirst for knowledge whioli must ho gratified , that intellectual ploafluxoa aro among our chief oouoolationw ,

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 26, 1853, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_26111853/page/5/