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THE BIHMINGHAM HOAX. Some further partic...
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THE WOBKIKTG CLASSES OF ENGLAND AND ITAL...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Tta.Ly Continues To "Be The Object Upon ...
representatives from most parts of Europe—from Sweden , Russia , Holland , Germany , even from Vienna , from Piedmont , Tuscany , Switzerland , France , Spain , and England . : There have been some very interesting debates , in which the several speakers have endeavoured to state or to discover the actual and the relative progress made by the several countries in the reform of their tariff' s . A certain favour appears to be shown by the seyeral * Governments , who have in some cases assisted , and in others sanctioned , the ^ oujg of thedekgates to . Brussels . Ee & rm , therefore , pursupe its passive course , notwithstanding the intrigues of courts and the coming commotions of the Continent .
As to free trade , it is almost a past subject with this country , save only in one inspect . To convince our farmers is no longer a duty before us ; they have taken that matter into their own bands , and are convincing themselves . A letter appeared in the Times yesterday from a Welsh , farmer , Mr . Carne , giving a most interesting and minute account of th « manner in which he has been applying the reaping-machine , what his difficulties were , and how he surmounted them . But when Welsh farmers have grappled with machinery ^ and their working men have laboriously
and sincerely assisted them , we see that the very lever of free trade has been grasped in the agricultural hand . To say nothing of the proposal thrown out by Sir John Maxwell at the Carlisle dinner , that he would purchase all the refuse of Carlisle as soon as that town shall have procured the means of deodorizing and conveying it . Now there is some hope that Carlisle may hit tipon the means of fulfilling these conditions , for Carlisle already stands distinguished as the cleanest town in the kingdom .
But England has to obtain the other half of the benefits of free trade . We get all that we can by adopting it ourselves , and we can double our own blessings , and those of other countries , by inducing others to adopt it . Hence the great benefit of the Brussels gathering . An exceedingly interesting discussion took place at the Oldham Lyceum , lei off by Lord . Stanley , en the general merits of education , with Sir James Kay SmiTTiaswoBXH , and Mr . W . J . Fox
as the advocates of the official , and the Manchester plan of education , the one giving a clipped form of religious instruction , and the other leaving religious instruction to the Church , and proposing ' secular education independently of creed . It is quite evident that if an exclusive suffrage did not keep out classes more intelligent than some that hold the franchise-, the House of Commons would transfer its vote from J . K . Shuttlewobtjq to W . J . Fox . Two familiar names have been removed from the list of our military men—Hardinxse has gone , and Colin Halkbtt ; both good officers , both conscientious servants . Haiuhnge -was a gentleman , and by the help of the qualities implied in that single word , in Parliament , in , the field , in battle , or in office , with comparatively mediocre talents , he won an excellent repute . The tribe of English gentlemen is not multiplying 'in proportion to the population ; ' on the contrary , it is rather declining than otherwise . There is a sort of conversion of the good old stock into a very low form of Three per Cents . ; for English gentlemen ate becoming lost iiv the crowd of jobbers in the market . Mr . Humphrey Bbown sends to the papers an explanation of the manner in which his name figures among the directors and debtors of the Royal British Bank , and the explanation , indeed , has some force . His liability originated with tlie transfer of a liability to him from another man who had already borrowed money from the bank . Nevertheless , the fact stands that Mr . Humphrey Brown , a Member of Parliament , and , -we believe , a gentleman in every sense of the word , somehow or other finds himself amongst those -who unite the offices of director and debtor to the same bank . Mr . John MacGhegoii , the founder , figures for 7000 ^ . Mr . John- GwYtfjrE , a director , for about the same sum ; one of the auditors is amongst the numbers of , the debtors ; and Mr . Cameron , the quondam manager , is on the wrong side of the books for 80 , 000 i . In Borne cases securities have been lodged with the bank , which were already mortgaged to their fuU value . L- ! r P on tllQ 2 > oels of tliis disclosure follows another : there has been an ' irregularity' in registering the shares of tlio Cryetal ^ alacc Company , and . the irregularity w rather too big for the i- - ;
epithet given to it . About 3700 original and preference shares l » ave been thrown upon the market since the commencement of last year ; of these , more than 2000 h « ve actually been registered in the book * of the company . They seem to have been iectfred by one of tha clerks , whose salary has been stated at 150 / . or 800 * . a year ^ » t & the motive to tha fraud is discovered in his outrageously expensive habits . Tbi & is tie old story of John Saoleir , X "W . Cole , and Davidson and Gordon ; aud tbe type of « the class we remember to have a « en some } ws aio in George Sarnicell . The remarkable fact , however , is that these gentlemen have positively obtained a footing in establishments having large properties at stake , and they have to a certain extent modified the manners and customs of London City . Who knows where these adulterations terminate ?
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The Bihmingham Hoax. Some Further Partic...
THE BIHMINGHAM HOAX . Some further particulars of the swindle recently committed at Birmingham in connexion with the visitors from Oude , and of which a brief account was given in this paper on Saturday week , have been published in the Birmingham Journal , where all the ietters of Wyndham , the swindler , are given in full . This man . continually addressed Captain Brandon , one of the agents of the Oudean Queen and Princes , informing him of the reception which was to be given to the strangers in Birmingham , if they would " deign to come ; " reporting the progress he had made in obtaining the sanction of the Mayor , the Superintendent of Police , Lord Ward , and various distinguished persons ; referring to his " intimate friend , the King , of the Sandwich Islands , " to whom lie had been of great service when tliat monarch , had been ill-used by France ; making obscure allusion , to a regal chair which had been ordered by " his present Majesty of Oude ; " telling the captain of the various arrangements for th « reception he had made $ and stating 1 that he would gladly " run up to town . " on . receipt of a telegraphic message to that effect from Captain Brandon . To all these letters no answer was returned . On September 5 th . ( the first letter was written , on the 29 th of August ) , Wyndhain writes to Captain Brandon , hinting that he sees many ways of improving his ( the captain ' s ) fortune , and adding , after an allusion to a Dr . Neumann , who had reminded him of " some discrepancy " in his statement about ; Lord Ward : — " All that I tell you is truth . I am here upon , another subject certainly , but I do ask you , as a man and a gentleman , not to suffer me to look like a fool ; for , entre nous , it has already cost me 152 . in wine and dinners , and I should not like to appear as a nonentity after all . " On the same day , Captain Brandon -wrote to the swindler thanking liim for the offer of his services , should the Queen of Oude travel so far as Birmingham . Then follows another letter from Wyndham , -who writes upon the assumption that the ex-queen is really about to visit the town , and who asks to be favoured -with " her Majesty ' s monogram or crest as early as possible , " as he wishes " to get a medal struck to commemorate the visit . " But his race was nearly at . an end . " That dread want , " says the Birmingham Journal , " which has proved fatal to so many—the want of money—finished the career of Mr . Wyndham . From the introductions he had so adroitly obtained , he might have had orders readily executed for inconceivable amounts , if he could only have played oat the game a little longer . But the inexorable Mr . Harrison ( the keeper of the hotel where the swindler was staying ) , and his demand for the 15 ? . for dinners and wines , of which Mr . Wyndham spoke so feelingly in a former letter , together with the limited
supply of linen—two shirts and a ' dickey '—which was scarcely worthy of o royal representative , and which became painfully apparent , — -these things interposed and ruthlessly toppled over the whole ingeniously constructed attempt at imposition . Mr . Harrison demanded the amount of his bill , and a Mr . Collia was applied to for the loan of 5 / ., which Wyndham obtained , and for which he gav « his I 0 XT . That Si . was his ruin . Suspicion flashed across the mind of Mr . Collis , and inquiry througli his London establishment confirmed it . On the evening of Tuesday , the 9 th . inst ., threo days after the last letter was written , Mr . Collis , -who had invited Mr . Wyndhnin to dinner , discovered whilo out that tho wholo affair was a . swindle . Ho got hold of a policeman and rushed to his house ; but Mr . Wyndham , probably suspecting something , had gone off . They pursued him to tho Clarendon , but the demands of Mr . Harrison had been of such a pressing nature- that ho had left there too , and disappeared . "
After this , Wyndham absolutely had tho audacity to write to Captain Brandon , to " put liim on his guard against a Mr . Collis ! " In his last lottor to tho Captain , dated September 14 , Wyndham complains that " tho Times has utterly crushed him in ' mind , body , and estate , '" and that tho Times article is " frightfully malignant , " and " contuins no lesa than nineteen falsehoods . Ho concludes : — " Pray let rno hear from you without delay . Susperiso ia torture . —P . S . A letter will find mo at 3 , Monument-yard , City ; but I give you this a < ldross en coi ] fidcnce " Wy tidham , it seems , is known in London as a swindler , and he appoara now to bo thoroughly unmasked .
The Wobkiktg Classes Of England And Ital...
THE WOBKIKTG CLASSES OF ENGLAND AND ITALY . wa « 1 > The ' following is -the address of the Italian < W naittee to England :- — uia " Fbhoeds , — ¦ The atove letter has beenforwarded to ' „ , and thoogh the Society of the Friends of Italv n « longer esrists as a body never had Italy more iudividtS friends among Englishmen than at this moment wi therefore * have responded to the appeal of the Sardinian working men by forming a committee , whose first woS tfl to circulate the ai > ove letter among you as widelv *» possible , and to submit to your judgme nt—to your sense ° J t ??* ¦ 2 ^ liCt o ~* * * 8 tat 6 me ' Of th ^ ondS of Italy a * this moment . The population of Italy amounts to 23 , 957 , 100 soul * Of this number 4 , 730 , 500-the subjects of the Kineof Sardinia , —are free men , governed by a free constitution enjoying free institutions and a free press . A standing army , whose soldiers and officers have proved their worth si-de by side -with our own in the Crimea , a thriving commerce , railways and docks , public colleges aad schools , are the outward signs of liberty that distinguish tho Sardinian States from the rest of the peninsula . If you move among the people , you find them happy a , nd energetic , striving after moral and material progress . They know that their king keeps his word and they try to win . from him such promises as shall tend to the welfare of the masses . Victor Emmanuel , and his 4 , 730 , 500 subjects , have proved to . the world beyond a doubt that the Italians can govern , and be governed by , themselves . The remaining 19 , 226 , 600 inhabitants of Italy have been for the last forty years , and are at this moment , subject to the dominion of a many-headed monster , whose head-in-chief may be called the Emperor of Austria . True , this individual has only usurped 8259 square miles o-f Italian soil , whereas King Bombapossesses 31 , 460 ; the Pope , 13 , 000 j the Grand Duke of Tuscany , 6324 ; and the other little rulers of Parma , -Modem , & c , 35 S 7 : but so terrible , or so useful , has his Imperial Majesty of Austria rendered himself to all these ' princes , that they rule but at his bidding , and model their go ^ vernments after his Imperial taste . The policy observed by all these rulers in obedience to their chief , during the last forty years , has been to reduce all their subjects to the lowest degree of moral and physical slavery , by depriving-them of means of intercourse by railroads , or of the interchange of thought through the medium of the press , fay closing all schools and colleges where a literal education might be obtained —(" We don't want knowledge , " said the Emperor Francis I . ; "it is quite enough if my subjects < anr «» d and . wr-lte" )—and by Amptnying a wholesale system of spies and police , whereby any person suspected of liberal views may be-detected and punished . But the Italians have never submitted tamely to this hateful yoke . Every year has given fresh proof that their aversion is on the increase . Yearly revolts , and the three principal Revolutions , of 1821 , 1832 , and 1848 , have sent thousands to the scaffold . Tte Austrian , Papal , and Neapolitan dungeons swarm at this moment with prisoners , whose only offence is that they have tried to set their country free j and a larger proportion , of Italians wander in England and America , poor , famished , homeless , exiled , for that country ' s sake . Do you think all these examples servo to strike terror into the remaining population , that they r « sign themselves to the tyrant -whom as yet no one has succeeded in overthrowing ? No ; that nineteen millions of Italians , if they are one in suffering and in slavery , are also one in the desire to be a nation—the intention to rid themselves of their tyrants . It is to assist tlem to do this that , among other efforts made , a National Subscription has been opened at Genoa for th . e purchase of weapons for those provinces "which shall first rise to drive out the Austrians from Italy . Tho members of the committee chosen to receive these subscriptions are , Colonel Giacomo Medici , Antonio Mosto-, merchant ; Agostino Gnecco , gentleman ; Antonio Casoreto , working man . Among the 32 G 4 names inscribed on the list up to the 12 th inst ., appear those of Giuseppe Mazzini and Giuseppe Garibaldi , proving that in this effort at least tho people anil their loaders are unanimous . We know that by some of you thia appeal will fcc responded to at once—others may say , But why , if ' people are unanimous in their resolve , do they want help from us ? Xet them go to Italians—to their own fellow-sufferers . The Italians who are both ricli and liberal have been shot or Imprisoned , or exiled -long ago ; and , moreover , do you know thnt in any pint of Italy , except Sardinia , to know that any per . son living in tho same town with you holds liberal viowa , and not to denounco liim to tho police , is considered a crimo of high trenson , punishable by imprisonment for fourteen years—perhaps for lifo . Ruad Felico Qrsiiii ' s account of tho Austrian Dungeons in Italy" ( price Onn Shilling ) - Read Mr . Gladstone's Letters on tho " State Prosecutions of the Neapolitan Government" ( published by Murray at Sixpence ) . Read tho Tracts and Records 'published by tho Society of tho Friends of Italy ( to be had of Holyonlco and Co ., 147 , Fleet-street ) , * and judge for yourselves whether it i t is possible that these people caa dis-* Read Garibaldi ' a lottor concerning the murder of Cicoruacchio and his young children .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 27, 1856, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_27091856/page/2/
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