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Leader (1850-1860), 27th October 1855, Edition 2 of 2, Page 7

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      Continental. Notes. Ak Express Train Fro...

      madein the administratioaof a & irs in Poland , and that fcerewffl be " ano < ker government " The terrorism exercised , and the impunity enjoyed , by the Greek brigands exhibit in the most vivid colours the utterly debased and miserable condition of the modern Hellenic kingdom , where the Government is actually obliged to bribe the banditti to give up their prey . Some singular particulars on this subject are contained in a letter from Athens published in the Moniteur . We read : —" The French Captain of Artillery , M . Berthaud , who was carried off whilst walking within a short distance of the Piraeus by a band of brigands on the 5 th inst ., was released on the payment by the Greek Government of the 30 , 000 drachmas in gold required by the banditti for his ransom . M . Berthaud states that after

      being taken he was handcuffed , and forced to walk during the whole night , being only allowed now and then a few moments' rest . He remained with the brigands the whole of the following day on the top of the mountain of Daphne , whence he could see the roads of the Piraeus . When night came on , without -waiting the return of a gendarme , they set him at liberty , on condition that he should proceed to the town and bring back the captain ' s ransom ; they marched off , and stopped the next morning on the sea-coast , beyond Eleusis . From that point they sent a fisherman to the Piraeus to fetch the 30 , 000 drachmas . M . Berthaud says , that , if he excepted the forced marches in the mountains during

      two consecutive nights , the obligation they imposed on him to remain during the whole day in a horizontal position , and some threats they addressed to him the last day , he suffered no ill-treatment . The brigands offered to play cards with him , which he declined . The stakes consisted of handfulls of gold and jewels , which they seemed to possess in great profusion . The band is the same by which two English officers and several inhabitants of Athens were arrested two months ago , on the Kephissia road . The carrying away of Captain Berthaud has caused -a -great sensation at Athens , as well as at the Piraeus . The French and English troops manifested a deep sympathy for that officer . "

      Indignation and surprise have been excited in Wallachia by Emmanuel Balliano accepting the post of Grand Vornik ( Minister of the Interior ) . Balliano has hitherto strongly opposed the Russian tendencies of the Hospodar Stirbey , and he was one of the supporters of the inquiry into the conduct of that prince instituted by Dervish Pacha . The fact of Balliano now accepting office under Stirbey is rendered the more remarkable by the circumstance of a letter , signed by the new minister , and demanding justice against the Hospodar , being now , or recently , on its way ta the Governments of England and France .

      Some important measures of finance have been published by the French Government . The Moniteur contains a decree exempting from import duty for three years from the present time building timber , cabinetmaking wood ( when above a certain thickness ) , rough castings , bar and sheet iron , rough copper and zinc , liernp and flax , pitch and tar , tallow , and other animal grease imported into France and intended to be employed in ship-building , on condition of the importer proving within one year after the time of their importation that the said articles have been used for the above

      purpose . The decree also enacts that for one year foreign-built vessels of all kinds may be imported on the payment of a duty of ten per cent , on their value , to be fixed by the Consultative Committee of Arts and Manufactures . Another decree exempts from tonnage dues any foreign vessels which shall bring building timber to the ports of Algeria from the north of Europe , and return with cargoes of French or Algerian produce . If , however , the vessels so arriving have not on board a quantity equal to three-fourths of their regular tonnage , they will be liable to dues for the number of tons remaining empty . —The Bank of Franco has issued the following notice : —" The Council General in its sitting of the 18 th of October , 1855 , has raised to six per cent , per annum the rate of discount and of intorest on advances . "

      Austrian finance continues unsettled . Tho Ttmea Vienna Correspondent , from sources which ho believes to bo official , makes tho following statements : — " The full cession of a part of the State domains to the Bank , and tho establishment of a mortgage bank by that institution have , since the return of Baron Bruok from lschl , become positive facts . The Finance Department proposes that the capital of tho Mortgage Bank shall be 35 , 000 , 0000 . in silver or gold , which sum is to be raised by the issue of 50 , 000 shares , at 700 silver ilorina each . The State domains which have been conceded to tho Bank consist principally of arable land . Tho saltworks ,

      mines , and principal forests remain the property of tho State . Even now that land of the value of 150 , 000 , 000 ft . has been given to the Bank , the Austrian State domains aro mpre extensive and valuable than those of any other European State , with the exception of Kussia . Baron Bruok . probably intends to try if it be not possiblo to obtain more favourable terms from Rothschild , or if u fusion between , that firm and tUo French Cr « 5 ilit Mobilior cannot be effected . The Minister of Finance it an ublo man , but Jho is likely to fail in both attempt * . It ia whispered that the head of the Vienna house of Rothschild . would not be sorry to bo released from hU promise

      to establish the Creait Mobilier , and there is a deadly feud between the Rothschilds and the brothers PereirV The Kesseler Zeibung of the 17 th publishes the official notice that the resignation of the Ministry in the Electorate of Hessen , sent in-as far back as the 6 th inst ,. has been accepted . The notorious Hassenpnug as Minister of the Interior and of Justice , and MM . Volmar and Baumbach as Ministers of Finance and Foreign Affairs respectively , have ceased to guide the destinies of the Electorate . All attempts to form a new Ministry have as yet failed . The Danish Prime Minister , M . Bang , has been named President of the Secret Council of State , and all the Ministers have been appointed members of the same Council . Lieutenant-General de Bulow replaces the Hereditary Prince Ferdinand as Governor of Seeland and the islands .

      The notification to the English Ambassador of the dismissal of Mazza has been accepted by our Government as the amende honorable . That Mazza , however , is not veritably dismissed , appears from the facts ( among many others ) that that petty despot was seen as lately as the 5 th inst . walking in front of the Royal Palace dressed in his official uniform , and that he then paid the King a visit . —The preparatory railway between Naples and Brindisi has been commenced . The Scala JPranca has been promised , and a disposition has been manifested to liberalise the tariff . The treaty between Naples and the United States has been signed . It concedes the indirect commerce , and provides that soldiers are not to be billeted on American citizens . The Concordat has excited great indignation among the humbler clergy of Austria , who object to being so completely handed over to the bishops . Collisions between the civil and military powers are anticipated ; and fear is entertained that the abolition of the Placetum

      Regvum ( which Matthias Corvmus swore to maintain in Hungary " till to the end of all time" ) will cause much dissatisfaction in the country of the Magyars . Cholera has appeared with' considerable violence , for the first time , in the island of Corfu and at Zante . None of the English have as yet been attacked . The disease is also raging near Missolonghi in Greece . As the French and German papers ( says the Times Vienna Correspondent ) are still disputing about the nature of Baron Prokesch ' s visit to Paris , it may be as well to give some positive information on the subject .

      In the strict sense of the word , Baron Prokesch had no mission to the French capital , but he certainly took advantage of the opportunity to learn the opinions of the French Cabinet on various matters of greater or less importance . It does not admit of a doubt that therpresent state of things in Turkey , the probable future of that country , and the difficulty of acting " comfortably " with such a self-willed diplomatist as Lord Stratford , were matters discussed by Count Walewski and the Austrian "diplomatist ; but the latter was not commissioned , either by his Sovereign or by his Government , to . endeavour to attain any particular end .

      Speaking of Spanish financial matters , the Times Madrid Correspondent writes : —" It is rather a gratifying fact , as regards the disposition and resources of the tuxpayers so soon after a revolution which paralysed everything for a time , to find by the official returns that out of the 230 , 000 , 000 reals demanded by the Government in the shape of a temporary loan or advance on the property-tax and that on trades and professions , 200 , 991 , 120 reals have been subscribed voluntarily , leaving only 23 , 008 , 880 reals to he levied on the tax-payers in the shape of a forced loan . In several provinces where it could hardly have been anticipated , the amount of voluntary subscriptions has been more than that assigned to them . " The manufacturing districts , however , show a marked deficiency .

      October 27,-1855.] The Leadeb, 3^7

      October 27 ,-1855 . ] THE LEADEB , 3 ^ 7

      Obituary. Mn. Tudway, M.P. For Wells, Di...

      OBITUARY . Mn . Tudway , M . P . for Wells , died on Saturday from an affection of the bronchial tubes , under which ho had long been labouring . He was in his forty-eighth year , and had represented Wolls since the general election of 1852 . Lom > Whahnglifu'ic died on Tuesday at Wortloy Hall , the family seat in Yorkshire . He was born in 1801 ; and sat for the West Riding of Yorkshire from 1841 to 1845 , when ho succeeded his father in the family honours . Ho was a Liberal Conservative in politics . Mr . Frbdmriuk ; Lucas , M . P . for Mouth , who has been struggling for some time past with a complication of ailments , expired at Stuinos on Tuesday . Though member for an Irish county , tho editor of an Irish newspaper ( tho Tablet ) , and a writer in several Irish periodicals , Mr . Lucas was an Englishman ; and , though a most devoted Roman Catholic , was tho son of a member of tho Society of Frionde , and the brother-in-law of Mr . John Bright . " Ho has always , " says the Globe , " lived a life of political and religious strife ; and , having advocated in tho Tablet tho right of tho Irish priesthood to intorfere in politics , ami boing robukod by tho Irish Roman Catholic bishops , ho went to Rome early in tho prosont year to prosocuto hin appeal against Dr . Cullun ' s decision . Tho appeal was decided ugainst him , and tho result was the ontiro prostration of Mr . Lucas ' a physical system , and his premature death at the oarly agu of forty-throo . "

      Obituary

      MISCELLANEOUS . Mud at a Premium-. —The Stamford Mercury , adverting to the cleansing out of the river Brayford , says —" The men get out 200 tons of rich soil daily , or 1200 tons weekly , and it is turned into the diggings to fill tip the swat ap . One person has offered Is . per ton for 4000 tons , another the same price for 1000 , and another the same price for 700—all to put on land , as it forms very superior manure . A farmer , who put 2000 tons on some land some years since , states that the land has not yet forgotten it . This is the same person who now wants 4000 tons . The cost of getting tho stuff out is 25 / weekly , and 1200 tons at Is . per ton would realise 60 & a profit of 351 . weekly . "

      The Submarine Railway bktwken England abtd France . —Mr . Favre , the distinguished French engineer , has published the details of this extraordinary project , which we have already brought under the notice of our readers . Alluding to the alleged tediousness of the work , and to the anticipated difficulty of disposing of the debris , Mr . Favre says : — "In order to surmount these obstacles , we have established in our- project ' wells' constructed at different parts of the Channel , which will divide the subterranean works into sections

      of tunnels of less than a myriarnetre in length . These maritime wells will facilitate the formation of the tunnel at many different places at once . The works , therefore , can be carried on at the same time in the gallery at the coast of France , in the gallery at the coast of England , and in the galleries of the ' wells . ' Besides , they will afford the means of casting the encumbering earth into the sea , and of forming little islands around these ' wells . ' " Thus aided , the work , it is calculated , will only take five years for its completion ; the total cost is estimated at one hundred million francs . It is thought that the transit between France and England will bo greatly increased by this railway , and that commerce , more especially in coal , will be largely enhanced . Several lines for the tunnel have been suggested ; but M . Favro expresses his preference for the most

      direct route , viz ., that from Cape Gris - Nez to Dover—a distance of thirty kilometres . On this line , the bottom of the sea descends by an easy declivity , which in the midst of the Channel reaches from thirtynine to fifty-five metres , the depth near the coasts being only from twenty-five to sixteen metres in depth . M . Seguin , the engineer , has recommended the atmospheric as the bost motive power for the subterranean railway ; and M . Favre believes that this system will be adopted . The journey between France and England will be performed in twenty-five minutes . " Our project , " says M . Favre in conclusion , " has been received' everywhere with the most lively sympathies , and an Anglo-French Company will be immediately organised upon the most powerful basis to executo the railway of Pas-de-Calais . " Dr . Ahiirrw Smith has received from the

      Medico-Chirurgical Society of Aberdeen a diploma constituting him an honorary member of that body . The signers of the address which accompanies this diploma sympathiso with the Doctor on the calumnies to which they conceive he was exposed at the beginning of tho war , and observe : — " We have read with the deepest interest the letters addressed by you , at the commencement of the present momentous war , to the authorities at the War-office , ia relation to tho sanitary requirements of the troops ; and we cannot withhold an expression of the great admiration which we feel of the foresight , judicious arrangement , and thorough acquaintance with the wants of tho army in tho field which they exhibit . Had your wise and timely suggestions been attended to , and promptly carried into effect , wo feel convinced that many valuable lives might have been saved , and that a great amount of misery to our army in the East might have been prevented . "

      Tub Law of Husband ani > Wife . —An action has been brought in the F . xeter District County Court , in which tho plaintiff , the landlord of a public-house , sued a gentleman , a Mr . Wliipham , for the maintenance of his wife , who had loft her husband ' s house in consequence of a dispute . The Judge gave his decision against tho landlord , holding that tho wife had no justification for leaving hqr husband , as she had not been treated with violence , or oven threatened , and that , therefore , the husband was not liable for her maintenance . —The curato of Odiham , Hants , is determined to marry a man to his own wifo—wo moan the man ' s own wife , not tho curato ' a .

      Tho married-unmarried couple aro members of tho Independent body , and woro weddod in tho chapel of that Hoot . The clergyman admits ( what , indeed , he would find it difficult to deny ) tho porfoct legality of this marriage ; but ho has induced the parties to bo remarried according to tho rites of tho Church of England . Accordingly , on thrco successive Sundays , tho banns woro put up ia the pariah church , tho woman belntf actually described by her maiden name ; and on tho following Saturday it was proposed to perform tho preposterous coromony . Tho curato justifies tbena Htran ^ pnceoi - ingfl by asserting that , though legally au « Ilflod ! ^ ° I . Sopendeut minister w « g ;^ - ^ ^^^ Z I " " Vega 7 « uXo ,, aS ' bS J « n in the caso , audit aion . * fB * ,, '"' u , o absurdity of remarrying flSTJ *™ iS $ ' u ^ rrled , tho curate ha « ma < £ « a

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 27, 1855, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_27101855/page/7/