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Leader (1850-1860), 30th July 1859, Edition 2 of 2, Page 3, W E S D of the After tne negotiations le...

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      W E S D Of The After Tne Negotiations Le...

      —— —¦ Garibaldi ........... 8 S 1 PUBLIC AFFAIRS- _ _ „ ^^^ ti ^ L '' I'll ::::: " : ^ %% . REVIEV / OF THE WEEK- The Pope ' s Protest 88 * Lord John RusselI on I **} % < ' -y ^ Poems : The City of the X > ead—¦ ' home istbimgence . . pace War ExWiture 884 / Xhe > atioual Defence Conunia- X Gilbert Marlowe ....... . SM W & Bmst , If 5 E = ^ rili » PSiS j = ffi ^ = : SS ^ hoWnow :::::: ; ::::: § 83 ^^ - ^ . - -.. 880 count ca vour .... ; -.... «« ^ f ^ m * . & £ * ** : *** foreign isteh-tgenCe . The Petition for Compensation .. SfeO p A |_ CORRE gPONDENCE- change -.- * W Reduction of the French Arma- ^ THEATRES AND ENTERTAINMENTS- Germany ... 803 fto " kTlnd ^ harci . ""' *'' ^ T ™ T ? ck ty ' oi . Vmi' && c * :::::: «* - . Kovm Italian Opera-Pardon ^ LITERATURE- ¦ . Jolnt-S ^ CWmpaiieiV . V . ' . V . ' . V . & W . . Ss . Sa £ a ^ - ¦ : ::::::::: § r D » i 6 p - :::::::::::::::: | ^ u-i ^ - ^; :::: ; :::::::: II . SSSS £ ! SSS &^\^ . : ^ IMcdmout and Lombardy 884 Postscript * .-.. '"* " " ^¦ ' ¦ " - ¦ - . — ¦¦¦ ¦¦

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      The " Short And Successful" Campaign Of ...

      The " short and successful" campaign of the French armies in the Italian peninsula , and the treaty which crowned their efforts have _ been followed by a declaration from their , sagacious leader of his intention to reduce his armaments , by sea and by land , to a " peace footing . " What amount of military and naval force is comprehended in . this somewhat vague expression , the . people of this country—as- was well said b y Mr . Disraeli , on Thursday—r-have some interest in ascertaining . It can scarcely- be forgotten that only six years ago ,

      the navy of " England nearly trebled that of France , both in ships and in men ; but at the presenttime her fleet , of the most improved build , and furnished with every appliance of modern science , equals our own in tonnage and in the number of guris , while lier reserve of - seamen is numerically superior to ours , and the armament of her vessels is brought up to the perfection of modern improvements in gunnery . The French army , the superior strength of which was tacitly accepted as a sort of counterbalance to our own preponderance at sea , has , meanwhile , been greatly increased within the same period , and in its equipments and arms is xmdoubtedly the first in the world , commanded by energetic and ambitious young men , who have of late yearsin the Crimea and in Italy , gained that

      , experience of warfare which seemed alone wanting to make ., them perfect in their profession . This magnificent force , the Fi'ench Emperor declared , ^ just previously to the outbreak of hostilities in Italy , was merely the peace establishment of the empire , and has only since that period received the necessary additions to supply the losses of the / war . What Louis Napoleon , therefore , may consider to be merely a moderate and necessary force may justly be considered b y us as of sufficient magnitude to be capable , on the shortest notice , of overrunning any neighbouring state ; and , it behoves us to keep Up our " peace footing" by land and by sea , in such a proportion as will secure us from the danger or dread of n surprise .

      The noto of preparation is sounded for tnc triumphal entry into Paris , on the 15 th , of the chosen corps . which are to be the representatives to their admiring compatriots * , of the victorious army of Italy . The Emperor having , at tlie head of ins favourite Turcos and Zouaves , received the victor's laurel crown from the hands of his faithful Parisians , will , wo learn , retire to the peaceful retreat of Biarritz , to meditate ^ on the vast improvements and pcaooful enterprises which bo has m store lbr hia JfronoU subjects and his Italian protC'gos . Tho paoific mission of the empiro being sp distinctly shown by recent events , the Muuitour foels oalled unon to remonstrate with

      rangenieat of the peace . After tne negotiations at Zurich , our ministers must examine tiie treaty settled there before taking part in any congress ; nor will this country engage in a congress on Italian matters unless Austria consents to become a party to the discussion . The time for a eonfederation of the Italian States his lordship thinks has not yet arrived , however desirable that arrangement might be ; but there is hope that an opportunity may offer for the influence of this country to . be favourably , exerted , at no distant period , in the cause of the independence of the people of Italy . The defence of the country has at length . j . ^ c xi , « *^ rtrt ^ r » . A fl-oi * flifi ¦ noo"ni * ifl . t ' , 7 ni iR

      been taken up in earnest , and the Government have consented to the appointment of a Commission , not only of officers , but also of civilians , to consider what steps ought to be taken in order to ensure us against the panics which are a periodical disgrace to the nation . Church rates will shortly be numbered among the things that were , though the indefatigable Mr . ISTeyvdegate did his utmost to hamper the measure for their abolition . Other church matters have also occupied

      the attention of Parliament , under the head oi "Spiritual Destitution , " in the course of which debate the Bishops of London and Oxford agreed that the Ecclesiastical Commissioners want closely looking after . The High Sheriffs' expenses are not to be curtailed , and the javelin men in all their state arc to continue to dazzle the sight of the provincial population at assize time . Sir Charles Napier has tried to obtain an inquiry into the notorious jobbery at Greenwich Hospital , buthas been refused : and Messrs , Spooner and

      Comngham failed in an attempt to cut down the grant for the National Gallery . In the Lords , the venerable Lyndhurst sharply but with dignity rebuked the flippant sneers of Mr . Bright ; . and Lord Brougham , ever earnest in the cause of enlightenment , has made an admirable speech on education , in which , among other valuable suggestions , he pointed out the necessity for a supervision of middle-class schools . Lord Brougham , too , has been again active in the noble cause of the abolition of slavery , and the deputation which ho headed to the colonial secretary , on the Coolie abuse , has produced a ministerial ' promise of inquiry to bo made at home and abroad into that iniquitous system . The necessity of fostoring the volunteering " spirit , will , it is to be hoped , bo insisted on by tiio commission which has undertaken tho question of national defence . For want of proper uncour / igeoi tue

      o-reat naval power , they will not neglect those tardy precautions which the possibility of a disagreement with our powerful neighbour has at length forced upon them . The condition of the Italian States seems to . be more hopelessly involved since the publication of the peace of Villafranca than before the commencement of the war . Tuscany ,. Modem and Parma have boldly expressed their determination to resist the restoration of their former rulers , and are arming to preserve their newty acquired liberty . The inhabitants of the Legations have of clerical mis .,, . t . . 1

      declared they will have no more - rule , and like their fellow Italians , appeal to "Victor Emmanuel to remain faithful to the great national cause which he has taken up . In Central Ital y a powerful army is collected under Mezzocapo , -which will shortly be . joined by the renowned .. Garibaldi and his gallant followers , and will then be powerful enough to resist any Italian "force which maybe brought against them . Yet Prance and Austria have guaranteed their dominions to the Pope and the expelled princes . Will these new allies be found fighting together against Garibaldi and the Tuscans , and against the cause for which Napoleon invaded Lpmbardy ? If it be the intention of the be then

      French to interfere in arms , it is to hoped * settlement of the question may not be delayed until the national party has grown so strong as to involve another bloody struggle on ItAhan soil . The abdication of the Grand Duke Leopold in flivpur of his son will scarcely solve the difficulty as regards- the Tuscans ; nor will the reforms thrust upon the Pope by the French Emperor satisfy the subjects of the Holy Fnthcr , unless they have a more satisfactory assurance of their fulfilment than they can find in the former policy of their self-constituted protectors . , . , ,. Wo have foreign news of a different kind tlus week , which is both interesting and important . The Emperor of China , we learn , has signed a

      treaty with the Czar of all the Itussias , wmcii provides that tho latter shall have a representative at the Chinese court - ; that protection shall he granted to Christian missionaries ; and a regular mail service is to be established between the Hussion and Chinese dominions . While British influence is boing br . o-. ught to bear upon this semicivilized state from the sea coast , tho Russians aye thus advancing from the north , and the result will

      no doubt bo , tlie gradual opening up of the trade and resources of China to the owterj > rise of Europo and Ainorioa . From this latter . oontinont the mails of this week . bring Intelligence of a terrible outbreak of tho slave population in Venezuela , which hns produced most bloody fruits already , while fresh complications' have arisen ia the dismal story of Moxican anarchy . The most prominent incident hi tho Now York news is tho extraordinary sequel to tho Sickles tragedy—the puribet reconciliation of tho husband and his wife after a preliminary negotiation , discussed stngo by stago by the publio and tho 'press of tho American

      mement thu patriotic flame in some-part * country has only faintly flickered , and at longttt gradually expired , In other ploeo * , ho wove , Bristol , for instance , the movement « Satho ™ W strength and has boon supported witu a spirit ™ # ! S pubt fttftlHE" again det . rioi . te 4 * b week , and among curiosities of medical op . in ons , wo note one learned doctor exposing the malaria and iirojuaico to public honlth occasioned by the Serpcni e , while nuotfcar proclaims that larger sower , tho fchajnoa , to bainuocuous , notwithstanding it * acknowledged unsayourmess . IVu oloso our rooord with tho melancholy remark that our list of crimes and casualties is un * usually heavy this week ; and tho assize inteUigonoo contains no loss than four convMJttone lor inurdor .

      U'UPUIIB . j Tho most important parliamentary event of tho wuok has been Lord John JfcussollV statement on foreign affairs , fi'om which wo ore glad to lenrn that tho neutral policy of tho country remains » Ull undisturbed ; ana that , notwithstanding the ovortui'os whioh have boon made , tha British Government hns steadily refused to interfere in the

      tutlns country for our warlike preparations , which , it snys , nro quite unnecessary , and only tending * to imperil the poaoo of the world . English ministers aud the English people , however , are quite free in their own consciences from imy intention of Attacking Franoe or any of hor colonies ov ootnmorco j and' as they see vast preparations mndo on the other side . of tho channel , wliioli oan only bo intended for a deadly atrugglo with a

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), July 30, 1859, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_30071859/page/3/