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No. 495. Sept, 17, 1859 ] THE LEADER, 10...
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rnPT?rrw Twrmr^c FOREIGN INCIDENTS. Miss...
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THE GREAT TRIGONOMETRICAL SURVEY, m '¦ -...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
, Ftec . Aooidknt To Thio Sultan.—By A S...
culty . The captain has been arrested , and Sir Henry Bulwer has assured the Government that the most searching inquiry shall be made . The Boy ok Tunis . —The Bey of Tunis lias been attacked with serious illness , and the French phy- sician had been summoned to his aid . A second message received from the above city states that he had been attacked with erysipelas in the left side , and that hopes were entertained of his recovery . Health of the King of Prussia . — " The King of Prussia , " says a letter , from Berlin of the 10 th , " has become so much better that his Majesty is able to get up every day , and even to walk without assist- ance . He sleeps well at night , and has a tolerable appetite . The intellectual condition of the King has also much improved , as his Majesty converses . J J
No. 495. Sept, 17, 1859 ] The Leader, 10...
No . 495 . Sept , 17 , 1859 ] THE LEADER , 1053
Rnpt?Rrw Twrmr^C Foreign Incidents. Miss...
_rnPT ? _rrw _Twrmr _^ _c FOREIGN INCIDENTS . Missionart Tactics in Japan . —The Univers has an interesting letter concerning Yedo a , th e French visit of the embassy . The writ nd Mermet , says : — " We were irf one of the quarters of the 356 governors and vice-governors . Each palace is a long building , opening on the street by mcans of a large heavy door , and was lighted by small windows strongly barred . The architecture is very primitive , the only ornament of the exterior being large white or gray squares in relief : it re- sembled somewhat a prison or an arsenal . The ser- vants are lodged in low wooden buildings opposite the palaces . Within the latter all is still as death : the guards point the way with their fingers without uttering a word . The richness and luxury of the interior contrasts in an extraordinary manner with the outside . Exquisite lacquered work , covered with silver and gold , was seen on every side , and the floor was covered with mats of great fineness and beauty . Young lacqueys , dressed in their masters' liyery , moved about as noiselessly as shadows , « With us , ' said the Japanese host , r the inside is _al- . * ways finer than the outside , a mandarin must not exhibit his wealth to the public eye , but in his own house he may indulge in as much luxury as he can afford . All this that you see is for the gratification of our friends , and those noble strangers ( with a gracious inclination of the head ) who honour us with * their company . ' At the end of the long chain of palaces was the pagoda appropriated to the French Embassy , called ' Chimponkoudgi , ' or tbe place of adoration of the spirits , but it was re-chris- tened ' _Fruncoriden , ' the French Palace . An amusing personage , . named ' Issachindgiro , ' Svho had his head full of songs and his mouth full of wine , whenever the opportunity offered , presided over the ceremony . He made himself quite at home , for three days , and was anything but ascetic in his habits . " He had been the spy of the . Governor of Simoda ; but when Commodore Perry visited Japan , this facetious gentleman was presented as the Prince of Idzan , and his portrait engraved and inserted in the magnificent volume containing , according to the writer of the letter , a rather free account of the expedition . The correspondent , who , by the way , is an apostolic missionary , then gives a long ' account about its being necessary that the French Ambassador should be borne to his house in a chair , carried by twelve men dressed in peculiar costumes , with tri-eolored hats , nnd preceded by the French flag . This extraordinary exhibition stag- gered the poor Japanese Governor , as well it might , but the missionary was inflexible , and bo Baron Gros went homo in His coach and twelve , with the French standard displayed in the breeze , mid his _suite following in fifteen other chairs ; aud the people of Yedo were astonished at the honour paid to the French ( by themselves ) , and the missionary apostolic was a happy man , for he had managed everything , and had , by the twelve masquerade dresses , and twelve tri-coloured hats , _shown the Japanese , to quote his own words , " that the repre- sentative of France was not ft kind of barbarian coming to beg a _favpur at the court of Yedo , in the name of a few traders . " This may have been all very polite , but it certainly was a queer affair for a missionary to bo engaged in . Canton , Paht and Piussent—He might have _paaaed incognito through the streets of the great and busy city lie had _eo lately governed , _trembling oiten lost braves without and conspirators from within might snatoh it from _hisgrasp , and see how it is now held by a handful of foreign troops , so easily and unconcernedly that from street to street a couple of marine police , armed with a switch , keep perfect pruor , and give security to all tho thousands of tho bustling throng of shopkeepers , street vendors , and still more numerous purchasers . Thoir occasional _presonce ia enough , and in this city , which no iorejgnor might , pollute with Jiis _presence , linglish ' _offlcors , soldiers , and civilian ' s on horseback , in c » _alw and on foot , are over passing to and fro , nnd tho Chinaman looks up from his work to notice them as they pass } and If a Coolie meets you , his only notice 18 _tlio removal of his broad bamboo hat ,
Rnpt?Rrw Twrmr^C Foreign Incidents. Miss...
that it may not incommode the foreigner . Children , that used in all the suburbs to be taught by their elders to spit out terms of abuse , the gentlest of which was " fankwei , " or " foreign devil , " now hail the humblest private as " taipan _> " or " chief , " and , with outstretched palm , sometimes , insinuate that a "kumshaw , " or copper cash gratuity , would be by no means disdained or unacceptable . A goodly and a pleasant change for the better , no one can doubt , by whatever evil purchased ; and clearest proof that the long-nurtured hostility of the Cantonese popu- Iation was of entirely factitious growth , due abso- lutely and entirely to the machinations of mandarins , and a part of the confirmed policy of the Court at Pekin . Even the admission of foreigners into the city , we now see , might at any time at their option have been granted Sunday inHong ' Kong . —A correspondent describ- j the church _ going in this colonyf enlarges upon the crinoline and kindred absurdities which are as much tostered there as in Europe , and adds : _«* The rougher sex took it coolly in white jackets and trousers . I was told of an odd but significant inci- dent during Divine service on Sunday morning , when a gun announced the arrival of an expected English mail steamer . Several sudden cases of toothache , stomachache , and other excuses for leaving church occurred ; but strange enough , only amongst gentle- men who were interested in the prices current . On our way down to the club to tiffin we passed a small party of soldiers , marching gravely from the Roman Catholic church , with white cotton umbrellas over their heads—oddlooking enough , but very sensible , By the by , a company of Royal Artillery , lately arrived , was furnished with umbrellas before leaving England , at a cost to John Bull of 21 s . each . Here they are to be had for a dollar I The Sunday at Hong Kong is only honoured by those who choose to honour it . English tradesmen close their stores but John Chinaman pursues his avocations , what- ever they may be * and public or private buildings are worked at as on week days ; hence the Sunday quiet , so grateful to Englishmen , is not to be found here . A soldier ' s funeral took place here to-day , the body being carried to _| the Happy Valley in a one-horse hearse , followed by the deceased's com- rad . es on foot . A Chinaman holds a contract for carrying bodies to the _' graveyard , at one dollar each ¦ and , sad to say , he makes a good thing of it . The graveyard is full of stone monuments , most of them erected by regiments or ships' companies , to the memory of comrades died , killed , or drowned on the station . The Roman Catholics have not displayed their usual taste in their graveyard , the Protestant one being in all respects more properly kept , and some care shown in the planting of trees , & c . " The Mahomed an Agitation in the Pun jauii . — About a fortnight ago a fakeer was arrested in the Sealkote district with some treasonable papers in his possession , evidently intended for circulation among Mahomedans . It was naturally inferred that this man must have some accomplices , and must have passed through the centre of the Punjab , Then the man himself confessed that he hud one or more confederates still at largo . This led to strin- gent inquiries at Lahore and _Umritair , in conse- quence of which several persons had been arrested on suspicion in the Lahore and Jullundur dis- tricts . The other day information waa received at Lahore that one of these emissaries had crossed over from Umritsir , nnd search was made for him in all the mosques and " tukyas , " i . e ., places where fakoors live . About the same time it was found that the Mahomedans of Lahore were full of stories of the birth of the prophet Iman Mehndeo , and expected that a revolution was at hand . This idea was un- fortunately encouraged by the publication of this story by the vernacular newspapers down country , The account , too , was accompanied by a portrait of the prophet . There is no doubt that the story v » _-as eagerly credited and canvassed by the religious sec- tion of the Lahore Mahomedans . The sermons preached at the mosquea on the lnst Eed contained _ullusions calculated to unsettle men's minds ; and the authorities were informed that the priests at the mosques wore telling the people of a coming revolutSon , and the like . As the seditious talk hud bo- come rather inoro open and moro frequent within tho last fortnight than heretofore , it -was determined to treat the matter as a misdemeanour , and to pro- _socuto a few of those foolish talkers . Four persons havo been accordingly put on their trial . One man ha , a boon fined ami placed on security for seditious talk . Another man has boen imprisoned for throe months and sentoncod to a fine , for having in his possession a paper intended for circulation at tho coming Mohurum festival , predicting tho advent of fresh troubles in Hindostan , and political _distur- _bancos generally . Suoli , briefly , aro tho facts . There _nre no traces of any _cohsplraay , nor tho slightest cause for alarm . Tho present affair is only ono of those slight gusts which perlodl- eally agitato tho surface of Mahomcdan society . — Lahore Chronicle . ,
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The Great Trigonometrical Survey, M '¦ -...
THE GREAT TRIGONOMETRICAL SURVEY _, m '¦ -, . _— _, . ' ¦ ' . . , _^ . tl . . , * T J _i _^ eat Trigonometrical Survey Avas established abou _^ * _£ _* " vear . s a _S ? * }»** . V ier _® **? vei 7 . * V ° are at all acquainted with its details , which have remained official knowledge alone for nearly half-acentury . Its science and its maps have both come out piecemeal , and not the whole of either as yet . If _^ ny one _wlio has complete access to the records ° f p a P _* a _^ Thuillier ' s office in Calcutta , or that of Colonel Waugh m Dehra Doon , would give a general account of the whole proceedings , _welLstocked with references , and abounding in short but clear statements , wlth reference to time , place , and persons , he would confer an obligation even on the class of men . wlio seek general information , and have nopretensions to seientine attainments ,. A few years ago Colonel Everest __ published a quarto volume , full of figures , to describe the raeasurenient of an arc of meridian . A great many of our readers have about as much notion of what all this is for as the natives , twenty years ago , had of the railroad . In England the policeman often drags the wheel along the streets to test a disputed cab-fare , and he will swear to the absolute accuracy of his result ; and why five or six engineer officers , with as many assistants , and several natives , and a large apparatus of tents , bars , microscopes and theodolites , should be required to measure a base line of seven or eight miles , and call it a good progress when they make three or four hundred feet aday , would puzzle many as much as to conceive what it could be all for when done . Upon the simpie but accurate measurement of the base line _^ however , depends a whole network of triangles , often _extendingrover hundreds of miles . And an accurate measurement can only be obtained by the most refined calculations in astronomy _, We fancy it will be a good many years yet before the survey will be completed . As the limits of our empire have been increasing so has the work . The Ordnance Survey of England and Ireland was coramenced long before Colonel Lanibton measured his first base in the Deccan—and that survey is yet going on . Mark the difference between the area of India and that of Great Britain and Ireland , and it will be seen what an extensive field yet remains to be embraced by the operations of the survey _, Colonel Waugh , the present Surveyor-General of India , writing on this important point , says : — " With regard to the duration of the survey , it has been already remarked by the late Colonel Blacker , that the question depends on the strength of the establishment employed ; which statement is true within certain , limits defined by the power of supervision and training . The chief point is the rate per square , mile , which I have shown to be on an average 15 s . 4 d . This survey has been about forty-eight years in operation , chiefly on a small scale . Now , as the area of India exceeds Great Britain and Ireland some twelve times , wo have , comparatively speaking , been only four years at work . Since the commencement , the object in view has perpetually extended . Successive wars have added continual accessions of territory to bo surveyed . The lato wars alone hayc given new kingdoms , with no less additional surface than 109 , 827 square miles , as will bo apparent from the following statement : — e o j _na Q GO 240 squaro miles _, Tnhinder 'ioab ' and ' Kohisti ' in 10 , 400 „ _iw _"S qm | , md II _qtntes 1 / 5 187 _qM _? l p _uniu ' D pVoner ' ... 78 , 000 „ J *¦ " __ J Total ... _. " Tho limits of our empire , however , appear to have boon at length roachod . J . ho total area ot British India , as ifc now stands , including foemdo , Punjab , Jalundor , Doab , and lenasflenin , _ims been carefully estimated at 800 , 758 . square _nnles , and the nativo states at 508 , 442 Bquaro miles , making a grand total of . 1 , 309 , 200 square miles , as tlie area ot surVoy undor my charge . A complete delineation _, of this vast superficial extont , amounting to one ana ono-thirJ million of squaro miles , connnea witmn aa external boundary of 11 , 200 _mHos in icngtii , meuiding every variety ot _configuration ana climate , w an undertaking of unprecedented magnitude , aenmuding _considerab o time to accomplish witn any pretensions to mathematical accuracy . I no exertions hitherto made have been unremitting , ana it is but just to say that tho progress has boon , generally speaking , as honourable to tho officers
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 17, 1859, page 9, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/sldr_17091859/page/9/
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