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Leader (1850-1860), 13th December 1851, Edition Town of 2, Page 1176, Untitled Article

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      disposed of " by surprise and violence "; never were " the principles of authority and morality" more audaciously invaded by force and dishonesty . The army , stung by allusions to its former defeats , and inflamed by more vulgar stimulants to its passions , was first set upon the scattered members of the Legislature , and then let loose with , unmitigated ferocity upon the people . All that offered the least show of resistance to acts which overturned the Constitution and threatened to annihilate every trace of public liberty , were confounded in one common proscription with the Socialists and anarchists , and swept off by grape-shot on the Boulevards , or by the military executions which instantly followed in the Champ de Mars . Every sign of that popular enthusiasm which commonly marks the commencement and the close of the reigns of Princes was wanting ; but it was

      compensated by the overbearing arrogance of an army confident of victory over the civil power . We learn , from the numerous accounts which have reached us , that the aspect of this army was not that of troops engaged in the painful duty of repressing disturbances amongst their fellow-citizens , but of men pursuing their enemies to the death , without quarter or forbearance , in the heart of a conquered city . It will never be known at what cost of life to the citizens of Paris Louis Napoleon found himself master of the Government on the evening of the 4 th of December ; but from the comparatively small loss on the side of the army it is evident that the resistance was at no time comparable to that of the insurgents in June , 1848 ; and that every means were taken which the improved science of street warfare , and the pitiless commands of the African generals could suggest , to strike with the whole force of an armed hand on the heads of

      the people . 1 he army , to use a significant expression , did its worst . Such an opportunity of exterminating the Red faction in Paris had long been sought for by the principal generals , and this lesson of terror is the inauguration of Louis Napoleon ' s absolute power . Speaking within the limits of historical truth , and upon the evidence of many eyewitnesses of these events , we affirm that the bloody and treacherous deeds of the 4 th of December will be remembered with horror in the annals even of that city which witnessed the massacre of St . Bartholomew and the Reign of Terror . "

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      "We need only print the following . It is from the "Wednesday letter of the Paris correspondent of the Chronicle : — " I am assured that the coup d ' etat effected by the President of the Republic , has iilled the representatives of the Absolutist Powers of Europe with joy , and that all the representatives of the Northern Powers have already intimated to the Minister of Foreign Affairs , as well as to Louis Napoleon himself , their full approbation of the course pursued On Monday evening , not one of the Ministers of the Northern Powers was absent . " The Vienna Correspondent o the Times , only to be relied on when his facts tell against himself , furnishes additional evidence of this conspiracy .

      " Many who are wellwishers to the President , do not scruple to assert that the coup e ' tat was long since arranged between that high functionary and the represeatatives of the Northern Powers ; although , as a matter of course , the exact moment at which it was to take place was to depend on circumstances . It is deserving of mention that early in the morning of the 3 rd—the day on which the Paris occurrences became known here—the Vienna garrison was suddenly put on the alert by order of the Emperor . The whole of the troops appeared under arms at the appointed place within half an hour , and were rewarded for their promptitude by three days' extra pay . " The Times of Monday in the week published a rumour thut the Prince de Joinville and the Due D'Aumale had Net out for France . It has not been denied . Prom Berlin correspondence we learn that the Count de Chambord was bestirring himself , and the old agent , the Duke de BIucuh , put in requisition . " Where is France that tshe does not dispose of all these pretenders ? Where ? Let the votes of the army tell . The l ' atric publishes the following votes of the army : — Number of votes ( 15 , 289 Votes for Louis Nupoleon . .. 01 ,-15 (> Against ii , 74 D Abstained 81

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      ROBERT WALKER ON THE CONSPIRACY OF DESPOTS . Manchester , following the example of Liverpool , has given a dinner to the Honourable Jt . J . Walker , of ( In ; "United States . About 120 persons dined at the Albion Hotel , and among those present were the Right Honourable T . Milner ( Gibson , M . J . ' ., J . Urotherton , Knq ., M . P ., Charles Ilindley , JKsq ., M .. l \ , Sir Mlkuimh Anniluge , Conerul " Walhridgu ( United States ) , J . Bright , Esq ., M . I ' ., R . Cobden , K * q ., M . l . \ , Colonel Coll ; ( of revolving-pistol celebrity ) , Moshih . William j tathbone , jun ., of Liverpool , W . > S . Still , L . Thornton , M . lloiruui , W . J . Atherton . It . ( jiurdnor , H . Abhworth ^ E . Ashworth , and H . Hchwabe .

      France and Spain , in which I am not a beHeTer and which would be resisted by us to the last extremitv permit me to call your attention to an alliance that n ™ did take place between England and the United StatP 7 and in which their joint cooperation effected great ami glorious purposes . It was in the time of Carmine T read it from a publication , under the signature of mvho noured countryman Richard Rush , who has held thp office of Prime Minister of our Cabinet , Minister to France , and Minister to England . It is his statement of their joint cooperation : — TiVor ^ o or * A s « ;^ . •„ ,., i ,.- _ u t _— __ . - th

      Passing over the free-trade portion of Mr wTnTT speech we cut out without comment of amr kinM ?" concluding words upon the topic of the greaw m ^ meat for us as freemen and Englishmen . ° " " Gentlemen , I will say a very few words nn o « . subject . I believe that there ought to be not * n ? th ? commerce , but in friendly feelings andinvarimfo L ways , a cordial union between England ? Xd Z ' " ( Applause . ) I believe that theirs isi join ? misti ^ T ^ a separate one-it is a joint mission to carry Sw ings of free trade , of commerce , of civilization i .. ' and religious liber ' ty , and of Christian ^ SrTheh S flags all over the world . And at this period , when tC has been some talk about an alliance of Enelami » -Iu ^ "giand wi

      " ' The main proposal was , and its first suggestion came from the English Foreign Secretary ( Mr . Cannin *) to the Minister of the United States in London , I then being in that capacity , that the two powers should make a joint declaration before Europe to the effect that if the Holy Alliance , after overthrowing the then existing constitution in Spain , established by the people under the auspices of the Cortes ( which ultimately they did overthrow by the instrumentality of a French army )

      attempted , by force of arms , or force of influence , to arrest the progress of emancipation and independence in the Spanish colonies on this continent , the two powers would put themselves against so arbitrary a project . The project was stopped effectually . England would have stopped it herself , but sought our cooperation ; and the knowledge by the allies that , if things had proceeded to extremities , it would have been afforded , was doubtless , of full value in raising a bar to the least attempt at § o

      audacious a course . ' Now , then , gentlemen , here was an alliance , proposed by Canning , and assented to , although not by a formal treaty , by my own country ; in which Great Britain and America united declare to the world that , if the Holy Alliance should attempt to reenslave the Spanish American colonies , or subject them again to the colonial bondage of Spain , then England and the United States would interpose to prevent such a catastrophe . And , gentlemen , bear in mind the important fact that the mere communication of this determination of England and America to the despotic powers of Europe prevented such a catastrophe ; and further , it prevented it without a war .

      And I do fully believe , for I am not amongst those who , looking at the continent of Europe , think that the sky is cloudless—I believe at this moment , that if England and the United States would announce to the despotic powers of the Continent , that they must observe the doctrine of non-intervention—that every nation must be permitted to judge for itself , and to select such institutions as best suited it , according to the will of the nation—( hear , hear ) — that if England and America — ( lotid applause)—would make such an annunciation to the despotic powers , it would arrest their march . ( Hear , hoar . ) I believe that it would have precisely the same effect in 1851 that it had in 1820 . Why should she

      it not ? Is England less powerful in 1851 than was in 1820 ? Is my own country , of which I shall not boast , or speak in any flashy spirit , but I hope I may be permitted to ask , is my own country less powerful in 1851 than she was in 1820 ? ( Hear , hear . ) It was then that the mere enunciation of a principle stayed the marcii of the despots . ( Hear , hear . ) I will not dwell upon tins topic , but it is my duty to say one word . I believe , gentlemen , that the events which have recently transpired in France arc of a momentous magnitude to England , iu the United States , and to the world . It is true , gentlemen , there may be a momentary repose of despotism—n is true that that man , who has combined in himselt tnc heareai )

      character of a traitor , of an insurgent—( , * and of a military usurper— ( hear , hear ) -nmy trample down for the moment the liberties of France . But , gentlemen , I propound this single question to Lnglishme i . if he does succeed , who can doubt that a g » v « "unciit eBtablislicd by the army of Louis Napoleon-established in favour of a man whose hands arc dripping with the warm life-blood of his countrymen—of every age s « . x , and condition—that a government thus established . « I not become a military despotism—that Louis Napolcm will not become a mere power to be moved on the ^ political chessboard by the iron finger of the Czar / ( ini » , hear . ) And , gentlemen , is it for the interest of W " J that Hhe should have another military despotism on the continent of Europe , and immediately on hei <» v » borders ? Is it her interest- ! . the inte , c . t of the . constitutional Government of land—that all the |

      con-Eng tinent of Europe bo covered by systems which art . t c 2 ; a ^ "i . Ki « s !; :-ri ^^ '" rwS ^ : j £ E ^ ss . "slitl "™ rr *» F- L-wS but despotic governments throug hout tic whol r ri lai ^ e U ' iu ^ c ^ -r tiS :.-tempt to d *™ ™ ™ aI ) I , rehen » io » -l (> r 1 doH . ro ^ r ^^ i ^ & ^ J- ^ SS ~ rtaLspfasS !! L , oti «» Ti . «« B » y »•¦> l » " « ompfojuUKU . U .. »'

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      1176 aft * 3 Lt&itV . _^ [ Satoiuu * , ¦ ———¦ "

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      CONTINENTAL NOTES . In the Continental Notes of our number of the l /) th ultimo , we mentioned that Nicholas , lakhtxj into co 7 i . sidarat . io 7 i the . services rendered by M . Ia ' oii Faucher to the cause of order , had restored to bin brother-inlaw , M . Wolowski , a Freiuih representative , the value of his landed property Mtuated in I ' oland ; an assertion , against which the latter hat * protested in several French papers , declaring that his sinter ( Madame . Faucher J had a legacy left her by hor father , which was mortgaged upon a confiscated landed property , but which kIio at last , niter sixteen years ot reclamation , recovered , and which gave rise to the false rumour . In spite of this prot . cHt , bowever , the Parisian correspondent of thu Jlerlin National Zeituny writes : — " 1 can vouch that the l&UHHiitn Emperor , already several months ago , ordered that the Kiini derived from the mile of tbo confiscated property be restord to M . Wolowski ' s sister ; at the name time referring to the policy of M . Fa / icher , by which he ho won the approbation of the autocrat . " An order , characteristic of the Russian police concerning the ruilrnad traveller *) , has lately been issued by the Director-Uenerul ol" I ' olico in tit . l ' oteraburg ,

      in virtue of which every inhabitant of a place situated near the Petersburgo-Muscovian line , wishing to travel by it , is obliged to produce a certificate at the railway-office , declaring no cause or impediment why he should not travel ; every functionary , an authorization from his superior ; and foreigners , their legalized passports . The name of every traveller is inscribed in a separate register , and with it the specification of the document presented . The officers appointed for such verification are paid out of the railroad funds .

      General Kempen , governor of Vienna , has issued a proclamation to the inhabitants to the effect that , whereas it has become manifest by the arrests and domiciliary visits made recently , that a large quantity of seditious and revolutionary matter has been printed and got into circulation here , it has been judged necessary to enforce anew some of the conditions of the state of siege , founded upon the proclamations of November , 1848 . All persons , therefore , from the date of the proclamation ( December 3 ) , whether Austrian citizens by birth or foreign residents , who shall be found in possession of these incendiary writings or prints , "will expose themselves to the rigour of the law—that is to say , toa" Kriegsrechtliche Behandlung , " which means military

      fortress arrest for a term of months or years , according as the circumstance may be more or less aggravating . The like punishment will overtake those who omit to give notice to the civil or military authorities of their having seen such documents or placards . The Government is on the alert , and is resolved not to be found sleeping a second time , should the people of Vienna take it into their wise heads to conspire and fraternise with the democrats of France . To try the soldiers , the Emperor yesterday morning gave orders for the alarm to be beaten , and the whole garrison called out . In half an hour they were all at their posts on the glacis , and his Majesty rode down the line . To mark his approbation of their conduct , the Emperor has published an order of the day , permitting each man to enjoy double pay for three days .

      The Ministeral Austrian Correspondenz of the 5 th instant states that the Military Governor of Vienna has addressed a circular to all the newspaper editors of the capital , informing them that for the future they will not be allowed to mention any arrests which take place , or to publish the names of the persons so arrested , because it has been proved that such publication interferes with the judicial proceedings . A similar circular has been addressed to the provincial

      newspapers . Lord Palmerston ' s organ the Post , contains the following sentence in a letter purporting to be from Vienna , dated December 3 . Does the gentleman who penned it think all the world is either blind , or in the ltusso-Austrian interest ? " In spite of all that has been said and written on the perplexed subject of Austrian finance , in spite of the fact that silver stands at a premium of twenty-eight per cent , over the National Bank notes , there are not wanting those who consider the panic prevailing among the holders of Austrian paper to be altogether groundless I "

      The significant italics are not of our making . Exchanges governed by the police are certainly not * ' grounds" for a panic . Who but stupid merchants and brokers , and nine-tenths of civilized Europe , ever thought they were ? The following facts can , perhaps , hardly be equalled in the annals of tyranny : —Six : thousand families have been banished from their trades , and friends , and homes , in different parts of Austria , and compelled to return to their birthplace , under the surveillance of the police . All foreign newspapers have been forbidden in Hungary . No passports of any kind , or on any pretence , are granted to travellers for Hungary . Some time ago an order was published forbidding any newspaper to refer to the

      movements of any of the Imperial family without authority . Hitherto , as they did not particularly interest anybody , the unlucky journalists have contrived to escape pretty well ; but a few days since the editor of the Soldier ' s Friend was brought up before the military governor of Dreslau , liaron Kernpfer , and by him solemnly reprimanded for having " dared to publish an article too eulogistic respecting the Emperor ' s journey to ( jialicia . " The Imperial family , observed the Uaron , with singular naivete , do not require the praise of newspaper writers . The Auysbury Uazette states that tint Earl of Westmoreland , our ambassador at Vienna , has cancelled the lease of his hotel , and holds himself ready to take his departure from the capital .

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 13, 1851, page 1176, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1913/page/4/