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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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those who came from a distance was the Mayor of Rochdale , who headed a deputation from Mr . Crawford ' s late constituents . Mr . J . H . Quinn , J . P ., officiated as chairman ; and , among the letters of apology read on the occasion , was the following from Mr . Cobden : — Midtmrst , August 20 , 1852 . Sik , —I regret that previous and unavoidable engagements will prevent me accepting the . invitation which the committee have been so good as to forward to me , to be present at the dinner to be given to Mr . Sharman Crawi'ord on the 30 th instant . Had it been in my power , I should have most gladly offered my humble tribute to the integrity and disinterestedness which have characterised
the public career of Mr . Crawford . One word of a practical kind . The contest in which you have lately been unsuccessful has heen characterised by an unusual exercise of coercive influences on the part of the landlords over their tenantry . I am told that cases can be easily proved in which the hearts of the electors were known to be on your side , whilst they were forced to poll for your opponents . I wish you to appoint a committee for the purpose of collecting facts of this kind , and putting them on permanent record , so as to be available in fighting the battle for the only remedy for such abuses of power—the ballot . Individual cases , when well authenticated , will do more than abstract arguments , however logical , to carry public
opinion in favour of this the sole mode of affording protection to the voter . I look upon a wider extension of the franchise , or more frequent elections , without the ballot , to be only plans for diffusing over a still larger portion of the people the sufferings and oppressions which now characterise our electoral contests . For my own part , when Free-trade and Protection are no longer political battlecries , I shall look forward with intense interest to the day when a really liberal and popular party shall organize itself with a pledge never to abandon the field until vote by ballot shall become the law of elections , as it is already the custom in almost every society , club , and association in the kingdom . —I remain , Sir , your obedient servant ,
Bichakd Cobden . William Girdwood , Esq . The principal speakers at the hanquet hesides Mr . Crawford were the Rev . Dr . Coulter , ex-moderator of the General Assemhly ; Mr . Kirk , M . P . for Newry ; Mr . Kennedy , M . P . for Louth ; Mr . Levesey , mayor of Rochdale ; the Rev . Gr . Maguire , P . P . ; Dr . Gray , Mr . Lucas , M . P ., and others . But the topic most handled was the late Down election . Mr . Crawford is threatened with actions hy seven gentlemen unless he will retract certain statements respecting the coercive mode of conducting the late election . He declares ' that unless they will declare that they had nothing to do with the proceedings complained of he will not withdraw his words .
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A ROYAL FREEMASON . T ? . SU « 2 . 1 < CA . < ja"NB . Y 1 m \» ttWtryu been international . Nevertheless it is pleasant to meet with proofs of it in our own time . The Ulster Gazette publishes the following letter from the King of Sweden to his brother Freemasons of the Grand Lodge of Scotland . The original was written in French . The same journal mentions that the Grand Lodge of Ireland is about to invest him as an honorary member . To the Very Worshipful the Grand Master and Mcmlers of the Grand Jjodge of Scotland .
My Brethren , —The joy which every Freemason feels in obtaining a testimony of the friendship of his brethren , that joy I experienced on receipt of the diploma of honorary member of the Very Worshipful Grand Lodge of Scotland , which you have Bent me . In assigning me this honourable position in the mielst of you , you have afforded mo a striking proof of your devofedness to my person . I appreciate the honour juorc particularly as I am ( he first on whom the distinction has been conferred in this country . The office of a Freemason is , at once , noble an i grand . It is our duly lo labour with enlightened mind , and a heart charged with fraternal love , for tlio perfection of the human race . The weak who are oppressed , and all those who an ; in trouble ! , have incontcHtihlo titles to our zealous and charitable protection . It is by holding firm in the indissoluble bond which unites all our brethren , however dispersed , over all the surface of the globe , that wo cim attain
to the end , to which we aspire in Hilence , but without ever ceasing , since we . know that everywhere , and on all occasions , our hrothren are ready to come to our aid with that charity , that spirit of concord , and that confidence which should characterise all t . he members of our order . . Be satisfied , my brethren , that I observe ) with the utmost attention tho march of events in the masonic world , and that I sincerely rejoice in the succchs which attends on all true freemasons while labouring for the purposes which you liavo indicated—namely , tho happiness ami well-being of Immunity . I offer you , my brethren , ( lie assurance of my fraternal " affection , and it is by the holy number that I recommend you all to the nil-powerful protection of tho Great Architect of the Universe , who gives us peace , joy , and benediction . Ohcak . HlocWiohn , He >]> toiul > cr 17 , 1 N 51 . A i ) . Tad von , ( li . H . ) ( Jriuul Htierotury of tho Oriinel National ljtultHi of HcotluiKl-
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Mlt . COltONUJt WAKL . KY ON CHATHTAHLK INSTITUTIONS . Tiikuk is a difference ) of opinion an to where charity should begin ; kduiu persons thiiilc it . Hhoulil begin " ut home , " Houii ) with Mrs . Jellyby , ut liurrio-boolnli-ghii .
Again , " at home" may have a wide significance ; it may mean your own hearth or your own country . And while many are ready to laugh at Mrs . Jellyby , they would not probably give a ready assent to the doctrine of charity as laid down by Mr . Coroner Wakley . That gentleman held an inquest at the Crown , Back-hill , Leather-lane , Holborn , last Saturday , upon Mary Daly , aged 65 , an itinerant fruit vendor , well known amidst the purlieus of Clerkenwell . The Coroner and jury viewed the corpse in a horrible
hovel in Somers' -court , on a filthy pallet , which with a broken chair and half a table constituted the whole furniture of the apartment , the stench from which was so insupportable that it sickened those whose painful duty brought them in contact with it . Upon the return of the jury to the inquest-room , the Coroner observed that the atmosphere of the court was so foetid and poisoned , that unless it were instantly remedied , the neig hbourhood would ere long be visited by some frightful and destructive disease .
Foreman . —Disease has already appeared m the neighbourhood ; and three years ago a most frightful pestilence burst out in the very court which we have just visited . Coroner . —In deceased ' s house there is not a particle of furniture , excepting a broken chair and an old table , not fit to cut cats ' -meat upon . Its wretched tenants have nothing but straw and the floor to sleep upon . After some further remarks by the Coroner and Jury upon the frightful state of this locality , the
following witnesses were examined : —Jane Owen stated , the deceased , another woman , and herself , lived in the same room . Thursday night deceased returned home the worse for liquor , with her daughter , who put her to bed . She did not stir the whole night , and the next morning was found lying on her face in bed , quite dead and cold . Another woman gave similar evidence . Mr . Gibson , surgeon , made a post mortem examination , and found that deceased was suffocated from lying upon her face while under the influence of drink .
Foreman . —Don't you think it dangerous to eat fruit kept in such hovels amidst filth and disease ? Coroner . —Undoubtedly ; they are poisoned . Foreman . —The press would confer a great boon by publishing that fact , as many infectious and contagious diseases are disseminated by persons buying fruit in the streets . In my opinion such places as we have this day seen should not be tolerated , as they are fraught with danger to the public health . A Juror . —In the same neighbourhood there is a house where 60 persons sleep every night in three rooms . Coroner . —These wretched and horrible dens will exist
so long as vagrants are supported by charitable institutions . The charity of the metropolis is too indiscriminate , and thus the deserving poor are unheeded , and drunken , rodclfiBtt clxaj ?« u » fc ^»« < mpo "woll yro * l « ^ iii \ Jfc / i " , ' «? itticx- Vrjr jpnvaltj munificence or workhouse relief , which enables them to lead an idle , merry life . The money they get is squandered in drink , and at night for a few pence they obtain a bed in a wretched , stinking hovel , where all ages , all sexes , and all diseases are crowded together , forming so many plague factories and disease depots . By euch means these hovels are supported and kept up . 1 was much pleased at reading in tho Times of yesterday an ably-written article condemnatory of the system of administering indiscriminate
charity , and I hope that it will bo put down , for so long as a vagrant can live without working , ho will do so . So convinced am I of the consequences of tho evil that I have ceased to be a vice-president to tho Soup Kitchen . In fact , begging has become a regular trade . A few years ago one of the fellows who followed that avocation was examined before a committee of the Ifouso of Commons , and stated that ho had travelled over tho kingdom for nine years as a beggar ; that ho was treated as a gentleman in prison , but most disgracefully in workhouses , especially in
Lambeth , where he had to work before breakfast ( laughter ); that a slouched hat and a smock-frock , with a bundle of herbs in his hand , formed the best garb for a London beggar ; and that there wero not 10 out of 100 vagrants worthy of relief . Such ( continued the Coroner ) arc tho disclosures niado by him regarding tho begging trade . I am , however , happy that the press has taken up tho subject , and trust , that it , will not cease its efforts until this monster evil is completely put down , and tluin prevent charitable institutions being abused , and their funds wasted upon lazy , worthless characters .
The result of these sweepingremarks was that the jury expressed their fullest concurrence with Uw , opinions and observations of tho Coroner , and , having returned a verdict "That dcccuHcri was suflbenteel whilo in a stale of drunkenness , " the foreman promised to lay before the vestry and the board of guardians of the Holborn Union the result of the ) inquiry , with tho view e > f having imnicelinto measures adopted to improve ) tho . sanitary condition of tho neighbourhood , uh he deemed it most important , at a crisis when a frightful epidemic was desolating not far-distant , countries .
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CLKOPATltA OUTSHONE . Aim AH 1 ' ahiia , Viceroy of I ' -gypt , ordered , a steam yacht to lie built some ! time ago for his use em the ! Nilo , It has just been ( inisheel by the ) builders , Teul a . ne . 1 M « , cgre'gor ; unel is reporteel let l >
feet ; breadth of beam , 20 feet ; depth of hold 9 ft , f draught of water , 3 feet ; power of eng ine * T 150 ff ' Her engines are bright with brass and steel work , «? ° ' altogether finished with the same taste ( udj ? . ¥ i * superior workman would use in turning out a LI 7 , She has likewise a small brass donkey enein ! ^ v ^" used for supplying the boilers with water wW Cb * engines are still . Some notion of the extent and mS " licence of her decorative fittings may be leamt w ^ fact that 500 men in Glasgow * elsew W have to * employed upon them for some time past , and are- S working night and day . There are , & snort , nSf fewf than 450 pictures , of separate subjects , set in fram ? almost any one of which would adorn the drawing room f a prince . The divans , which extend round th&saW , 1 covered with costly cloth of gold , from the front of whir * is suspended gold embroidered needlework and massif ouuion ten in de
gtuu iringe mcneB pth . . Between the win dows are a series of beautiful pictures of fruit and flower * birds , &c , and vases enriched with precious stones ex ? cuted b y the new patent gem-enamelling process . The are set in frames , carved in black walnut , and gilt in »> J * and burnished gold . The ceiling between the beams ( which are of mahogany , French polished ) is fiU ^ W ^ V * designs of fruit and flowers , on papier macJie panels en riched with gold border mouldings . Hound each door ar ^ richly caryed and gilt architraves and pilasters , all of dif ferent designs , and representing various lovely floral co mbinations . The lower cabins are reached by a spaciousstaircase , enclosed with mahogany , and adorned withi stained glass windows and papier machS panels , got up in ' the highest style of the art . The steps of the stairs
arelaid with very thick plate glass , painted with gold borders and representing precious stones in mosaic work . At topi and bottom of this unique flight of steps are four largesilver-plated columns of fine chased work , between whichi are . fixed the handrails , and filled in with pleasing designs ; of carved fretwork of rosewood . At the bottom of thesestairs is a spacious lobby , fitted up with polished bird ' s-eye * maple , and elegant panels , from which branch off the -walking-rooms for the Pacha ' s suite , with baths , &c Th » dining saloon , an apartment about 20 ft . square , j& < fitted up also in maple , with , papier machS panels , adorojediwith a most brilliant cluster of paintings , representing- animals of the farm-yard , the forest , and the desert . Same of the
latter are painted in the act of killing : thei ^ - prey , and > ot h ers , especiall y of the bear and monkey tribe s * are thrown , off in very comical attitudes . It is worth while to notice that the human figure is not in any part introduced , as being contrary to the religious notions ofi the OrientalS .-On each side of the dining-room are placed . largo divans of richly carved rosewood , covered with crimson . and goM damask , with gold embroidery and fringes in character si > - milar to the adornments in the saloon above . In the centreis a rosewood table like that already noticed . In this hall , are various other most exquisite furnishinga , winch it would be tedious to enumerate in detail . Thfo-private- retiring saloon of his Highness is fitted up -with rich satin
wood , and surrounded with divans , coveted , with flowersand gold damask on a rich white satin ground , festooned / with embroidered ffold noodlework , and jaaassiye s ^^ bulilion fringe 15 inches deep in front . Kouncfthe windows ^ , doors , &c ., are white and gold damask curtains , with g > al& cornices , in style similar to the upper saloon . At the , ~ epd of this apartment are placed a richly carved and gilt table and mirror , and in tho centre a beautiful papier vM-chS table and two chairs , inlaid with pearl and adorned with designs of birds and flowers .. 1 'Jie ceilings of this and tho rest of the lower cabins covered with damaek
arc gold ,. worked according to original designs , with flowers , &c . v and bearing his Mighness ' s crest in tho centre , each panel forming a complete design of itself . The locks , hinges , and handles of the doors aro richly plated on German . > Bilver , and they , as well as tho finger-plates , aro chased .. A magnificent awning covers tho main deck and poop . It is of rich silk elamask , worked to an original design , with .: deep silk fringe anel hangers , adorned in tho highest style of art , agreeably to the tasto of tho country for which this ; little floating temple of costliness and beauty is intended .
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THE GUILD OF LITERATURE AT MANCHESTER . LiTEKATUitK face te ) face with manufactures , the e > iiti shining on tho other , and reciprocating ce mplhnenU across the same table , is a pleasant scene . A jkI brightly it shone em Weelncselay evening in tho Fn ' x » -trude IlaU . There the great men of Manchester , 1 ' no leaders «> f trade , the Uazleys unel Armitnge ; s , anel , VotterH , tatd Schwabes , tho Henrys and the Vhillip-jes ,, met the gentlemen whe > perform on behalf of thu ( laiTel of Lilaiini .-ture ! anel Art , at a grand ba * . ie { UQfc , with emiti / ny <'<* follow . Tho guests we're ! - Sir E . 1 ) , Lytion , M . P .., Mtf- C Dickens , Mr . I ) . Costello , M *\ O . Knight , Mr-J- Ttanicl , Mr . V . W . Tophain , Mn A . Egg , Mr . W'llkie ) Collinn , Mr . Frank Stone , Mrv P . Cunningham , Mr . VV . II . Wills , Mr . It ,. Hell ; a . wl uiler tho e ; le > th had been removed , Mrs . Die-kens and Hcveral either Indies occupied seats in tho banejuett . ing room . Mr . , 1 nines Cvosaloy , in a long upoeelv , eixpreiHsing , ^ warnu'st feeling for the huccchh of the . unicrp risey pll » r pe > ne'el « IVospurity to the ) Guild e > f LU «)' vnf ; ure an « HAi : ' v > wwl ihto health e > f Sir Edward Hulwcr Lytton . " Sir Edward Lytton replied long anel eloijMiaitliv ; mid emo e ) r two extracts will show the pith of hitf <» 'ilr lieai : —
"Everything great , " he said , " mverything that H' *« «""" valeiel man , everything that ban eivilizeul tho world , uauiot * from that principle which is tin familiar in tlio mill of <»" manufacturer a « it it ) in thodooot of tho Bcholdr—and ¦ tliuf
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842 THE LEADER . [ Saturday . I
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 4, 1852, page 842, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1950/page/6/
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