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superstitions , well and good ; but if you would refute Christianity itself , you should meet it as maintained by its thinking defenders , not by its ignorant old women . * ' Take your child with the jam-pot , and state the case thus : —The father exposes the child not only to the temptation of his own appetite , but also to those of the artful boy , because it is only by successful resistance to both kinds of temptation that a really manly character can be formed : kept out of temptation , he would be at best an innocent and happy animal . Yet , though the father purposely withdraws his" own presence , which would at once nullify the temptation , he leaves the child ' s elder brother , who has already successfully resisted the same temptation , in order that he may by example and advice influence , though , not forcibly control , the younger child ; and may thus help him against the counter-persuasions of the artful bad boy . " If the elder brother succeeds in helping the-younger , he is an effectual mediator between the child ' s weakness and the father ' s law of family order ; and he
brings the father and child together according to the original design of the father , which was that the child should be ( so far ) educated , and taught to live by reason and not by appetite . " But the child yields to the temptation , and takes the jam ; and you say that the father then turns the child out of doors in a rage . But the New Testament says that , on the contrary , the father and the elder brother never give up the weak and erring child ; that though he may so habitually yield to one temptation after another , that in spite of all entreaties he will leave the father ' s house , because its rational order is intolerable to his sensual temper , yet that they never cease to seek him however far he may wander ; and that , in the end , he will be recovered . * As in Adam all die , even so in Christ shall all be made alive . Then cometh the end , when He shall have delivered up the kingdom to God , even the Father / "I am , &c . " E . D . W . "
It is not for us to designate the "ignorant old women" who are the defenders of " superstition , " but we suggest to E . D . W . that in Eden there was no Elder Brother helping the infirm Younger Brother with advice ; according to the plain , uncommented text of Scripture , this Elder Brother did not mediatexxntii some four thousand years afterwards . The illustration , therefore , cannot be admitted . It is rejected by the documents : it is rejected also by Heason , which says—That father who allows his child to be tempted , knowing before hand that the child will Jail , and inflicts on him a punishment wholly disproportionate to the offence—an infinite punishment for a slight ( and inevitable ) offence—is neither just nor reasonable . What E . D . W . says about a really man ty character being only possible through resisted temptation , is admissible m a human but not in a divine sense ^ of the formation of character . It is perfectly gratuitous to
assert that God could not have created a manly character other * rise than by placing men amidst temptation . If manliness were the object , why was it not effected in some better and more certain way ? " We must not presume to scrutinize the motives of our Creator ; we cannot say why he chose this method ! " That is the ready answer . We reply , " Truly , we cannot say why ; we can sav nothing on the subject ; we cannot even say that this is the method chosen . " Kept out of temptation , man would be , " at best , an innocent and happy animal . " Well , what then ? We see no harm in that . Is innocence nothing , is happiness nothing , that Virtue ( by which is meant resistance of one part of a God-given nature to another part of the same nature ) should be everything P What are the angels , in whom E . D . W . believes P or have they also their little temptations ?
The fourth letter opens a subject which cannot be discussed in the few lines we can give it : — * In your paper of the 30 th October , I have read , with intense interest and gratification , the article on Butler ' s Analogy : it gives a lucid expression to sentiments , the justice of which I have long acknowledged , and has enabled me to form a more distinct idea of the subject of free will than I had ever before been able to accomplish . You say in that article , as you have said in previous articles , that you believe in a future state of existence—not a state of reward ? and punishments—a belief not founded on revelation . I sliould like very much to
know the grounds of your belief , for 1 have such faitJi in your clear-sightedness and honesty , that I can not help doubting the soundness of my own views and conclusions regarding a future state of existence , when I find them difler from yours . Do you believe in a soul capable of existence apart from and independent of tlio body , or in the resurrection of the body by a miracle of ( Joel ? I see no reason to regard man in any other light than as an animal of superior organization . It seems to me , therefore , that a belief of bis existence in a future state is not borne out by analogy , unless the existence of other animals in a future state be likewise admitted . 1 am , Sir , a subscriber and sincere admirer of the Leader , " 0 . C . Tui'puu . "
As a reader of this journal , our correspondent must be aware that on questions which transcend human logic , we neither offer nor accept tlio arguments of logic ; but , as wo often insist , tho Soul of man is larger than logic , and that houI \ h conversant with certain transcendental Ideas , such iih God , Love , Life , Immortality , whi « li logic can neither shako nor support . We believe in God as we believe in Lovo and in Life , without being able to render any " definition "—without protending to any " demonstration ; " in a Himilar way we believe in . Immortality , though we think the " nrguinentu" usually futile ; mid we pretend to no knowledge whatever of the process by wliioh it is to take place , cither us a " miracle or uh a continuance of present existence . * With tlio most serene repowo avo tniHt in the Creator ' s disposal of the future , without knowing , or curing to know , what that future will he . It is known to all metaphysicians that you cannot prove even tlio exigence of an external world ; but our faith is not limited within the snhoro of demonstration .
Ah men , however , are ho fond of arguments— " () ye of little faith ! — some of them may not bo sorry if we give them ono which at least lias novelty We do not like to argue this qucHtion of Immortality , becuuHO we feel that Logic is not competent ; hut when we do argue it is somewhat in thin hc . iho . The ono emphatic lesson tau M ht ub in the study ol Nature is , that all moves towards life , and that nothing is destroyed ; such a fact at ) waste i « not known to us . U \ therefore , this enormous ^ amount of moral and intellectual life is to vuninh whoa wo vanish Iroiu the- aeono
—if it is to be wasted , thrown away , like the evanescent bubbles floating on a stream—if this moral life is not to pass into other forms as the materials of our bodies pass into other forms , then we say it is an exception to the whole teaching of Nature ! We know no Death , we only ^ ^ Transformation ; if death is always new birth in the physical , why should it not be new-birth in the moral world P
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BOOKS ON OUR TABLE . Short Short Sand . By Laming Warren Tear . - Wbittaker and Co . The author says : " It is true it requires more practice than any other ; but the great advantage to be derived therefrom is surely worth the extra trouble necessary for its acquirement . " We have carefully examined this little work , and admit it to be very ingenious ; but we cannot discern many advantages in it over other systems of shorthand extant . Its main principle is in using paper ruled with a great number of lines intersecting- each other , and using the interstices between these lines as positions for vowel places , for the auxiliary verbs , for signs for the numerous words in ordinary use , and for the most useful combinations of letters , thus enabling the writer to express hundreds of words simply by a dot or dash of the pen . The positions for combinations of letters are thus used : to write the word minister the pen is placed in the position for inn , and the affix , str , is written ; for the word
suspected the pen would be placed in . the position * , and the characters for spctd written . This is the principle upon which short short hand is carried out , and it undoubtedly saves labour , ensures legibility , and the facility of note reading . For manuscripts , then , it may have some advantages over other systems of stenography , but we cannot recommend it as adapted to practical reporting , where speed is of primary importance , for the reasons , that we do not think the eye-sight could bear the presence of such a strange checkered surface as the ruled paper presents without suffering injury , and when the lines are abolished the characters are thus necessarily so increased in number , that as a system it becomes far inferior to some others ; and , either with or without lines , it is very far removed from the principal advantage of all good systems of short hand , that of having the characters so simple in themselves and t in their combinations as to permit the hand to travel as much as possible in a line , as if we were writing running hand .
Protection to all Intending Emigrants—An Abstract of" The Passengers' Act , 1852 . By J . T . Judge . . w - Strange , jun . This salutary Act of Parliament , passed during the last session , and which came into operation on the 1 st of last month ( repealing- all other Acts relating to the carrying of Passengers by steam or sailing vessels ) , will prove of utility to intending emigrants of all classes , who may now proceed to their destination , " satisfied , under ordinary circumstances , that their safety and welfare are secured as much at sea as if they were ashore . " This edition of the Act points out ( amongst many other important matters ) the number of Passengers a Vessel may carry , according to its registered tonnage , for the purpose of preventing Emigrant Ships from being
over-crowded—The number of superficial feet required on deck , in proportion to each Passenger—The height between decks—The dimensions of the Berths—The arrangements to be made on board for Light and Ventilation—The quantity of Boats to be carried , according to the tonnage the Vessel , and the number of Passengers—The Dietary Scale ; supply of Provisions and Water—The mode of proceeding against the Owner , Charterer , or Master ( or their Agents ) , if the sailing of the Vessel be delayed ; and the amount of compensation to be recovered by the Passengers—How to proceed summarily , on arrival at the Tort of destination , against the Captain , for any impropriety on his part , or dereliction of duty , during any part of the Voyage—and numerous other highly important and salutary Provisions for the Safety , Protection , Health , and Well-being of every one on
board . Mr . Judge has appended ty his useful edition of this Act of Parliament ( in addition to a copious index for facility of reference ) several calculations as to the number of cubic feet contained in various sized boxes , &c . This information will be found useful to all Emigrants ; as packages , containing more than a certain number of cubic feet , arc not allowed to be taken on board , unless puid for , extra , as Freight . Emigrants , by attending to these calculations , will thus he enabled to have their boxes and sea-chests so constructed as to avoid excess , on the one hand , and to ascertain , at once , wliat space ( according to measurement ) any extra luggage would occupy , on the other .
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Memoir * of J ) r . MenMnsop . 2 Vol . i . lliohurd Bontloy . ThouahU on Man in his Relations to God and to External Nature ; with Minor Poem * . Williiuu Piekoriiifj . Ji-mpedocf . es on Etna , and other Poems . " r \ 'H <> wt'H . The . Atttolnot / raphy of William- Jertlan . Vol . : ) . Arthur Hall , Virtiwi and Co . The HrUtih ' . Joiirnal . AyloH nntl . lonoa . Welliw / ton Ijyric * . By Mi-h . K . V . Smith . JCfiinuhiun WiIhoii . Uncle Tom ' * Companion * . Uy J . 1 ' . Kdwardn . KdwardH and Co , The Pronunciation of ( Ircek . Hy . 1 . H . Illii . lii . ' . Simpkiu , MurHhall and Co . Classical Literature , in Us Relation to the Nineteenth Century ami Scottish University Jitfucatiini Hy J . H . IJliiolnc . " Simpkin , Mih-hIiii !! and Co Macphail ' s Ei / inburah Ecclesiastical Journal . Simnkin , Marshall and Co The , Poet ' s Voice , and other 1 'oe . ms . liy . l . l'owcll . . lamt-H I ' owcll J ' oems . Hy Jt . It . 1 ' arlmn . ¦) ' )•»< Chapman WkIUhi / Ioh , from a . J'Vench Toint of View . •! W . 1 ' iirlicr mid Son Lowry ' s Table Atlas ; with an Indix . Chapman nnd Hall JVorth British Review . Hamilton , AdimiH and Co Kim ) Charles in the Inle of Wu / ht . Hy ( Joor ^ o llillior . Kidmrd li <> ntl « y The Revealed Economy of lleunmi and Earth . ThoimiH IloHworlh The Heatoner . ' J . Watson
JJohn ' s Antiquarian Library—Mat / hew Paris ' s Eniilish Jlhtory . Hy Ittw . J . A . (< il « 'H . Vol . 1 . II . ( i . Jlolin Jlohn ' s Clatmical Library—The . Ohjnthiac , and other PuU' w Orations of J ) cmostheneti . Hy C . U K «« nii ( t ( l y . ' ' ( j 'I- <>¦ H " »' Jlohn * I'hiloloqie . ul JAbrary- -An Analutia imil Huvimaru < tf Jleroitotn . t . Hy J . 'I . YVheolor . II . ( i . Holm llohn * Seienti / ic Library -T / w Earth , Vlantn , and Man . Hy . l . l' \ Hcliouw . . 11 . U . Holm Jiohit ' M Ntandurd lAb-fary—Itacoii k JCmmi / h and Uittorieitl H ' orka . ' ¦ ^ - Holm Milton Ihweiiant : a . Tale of the . Thnca we Live , in . Hy . 1 . . Handim-l . IIVoIh . Siiii ]> l'in , MarMliall and Co Household . Chemiatry ; or , Rudiments of the . Science App lied to Every-1 Jay Life . Uy A , H Horiiayn . HumpHon Low , Noil and Co The Silent Revolution . Hy M . A . Oan « y . VV- "ll ( l " '' ^ awh The . lliatory of an Adopted Child Hy ( J IC . IowhIhhT- ( Irani and UriNlth The I'hilosoph , / if the Seme * . Hy It . " H . Wyld . ' Olivnr and Hoyd Australia as it is : its Settlements , Earma , and ( fold Eirldn . Jly l' \ Lancelot ! .. 'J voln . Collnim and Co The l ' arlour Library Remembrances if a Monthly Name . By Mrn . 11 . Downing .
% HnniiiH and Al'lntyre JUston ; in lluins . IJy O . wl'o Godwin . Chapman ami Hall The Jf ' ortmet nf ' Mrandi Vrttft . » volu . Cliaumuu « ud Hall
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December 4 , 1852 . ] THE LEADER . H 67
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 4, 1852, page 1167, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1963/page/19/
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