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length admitted that he alone was responsible for the production , He had signed it in the name of a supposed revolutionary committee , of which he was the incarnation , and had printed it himself at a private press . " The sale of some of the modern pictures of the Orleans family has taken place in Paris . They have , generally , realized very fair prices , especially those of Leopold Jtobert . Many of the pictures were much injured in the revolution of February , 1848 . While we are discussing the order system in our theatres , measures are being taken in France to put down the system of hired claqueurs , who arrange the success of new pi avs . towards
The King of Prussia has taken a step restoring the original character of the Knights of St . John . Persons in future receiving the cross as decoration , are to pay 15 ? . entrance fee , and 3 Gs . yearly towards the support of an hospital . There has been an animated debate in the First Chamber at Berlin , on the Poor Laws , the agricultural party demanding- their total abolition , as an incentive to idleness and consequent pauperism . Trials for offences of the press , in Prussia , are to be conducted with closed doors . The Duke of Augustenburg has sold his estates in Schleswig Ilolstein for half a million sterling . The Grand Duke of Oldenburg persists in refusing to accede to the treaty for regulating the succession in Denmark and the Duchies .
The state of siege was not repealed , as has been announced , at Vienna , on New Year ' s day . Letters from Hungary complain of the insecurity of the country , caused by the numerous bands of men compelled by their outlawed' condition—having taken a national part in the late civil war—to live in the forests and mountains , and lead a Robin Hood kind of life at the expense of their neighbours . Courts martial and executions are powerless against this evil ; the gendarmes are harassed ^ to despair , and never encounter the outlaws without having to enter on n , combat of life and death . The Austrians imagine
that the object of these poor men is to get together money for a new insurrection , and never seem to think that an honest amnesty , such as would permit the men to quit their wild way ' of life , might restore them to quiet homes . On the last day of the old year one of these men was hanged at Pesth . Previous to the execution he was taken about in a procession for two hours , during which he sung patriotic songs and displayed a supreme contempt for death . At the foot of the gallows an oilicer read a prolix statement of his crimes and sentence . The name of Kossuth occurred in this document , and had no sooner escaped the lips uf the officer , than the prisoner took off his hat , and reverently inclined his head . As the fatal rope was slipped over liis head , he gathered up his strength , and cried , ' ' Magyars , keep up your pluck ; we'll give it them yet , " and died . rian turns out to be
The reduction of the Aust army much like the reduction in the French army—a delusion . On the contrary , Austria is augmenting her army in Italy . Austrian Italy is in the most deplorable condition : every species of persecution , and the worst cruelties of imprisonment , torture , slow death by confinement in noisome cells , only relieved by bloody executions—such are the rewards of suspected patriotism in Italy . The disgrace of Marshal Kudetzky , for having shown a disposition ( o clemency , is not confirmed by the latest accounts . A letter from Milan , in the Ophuouc of Turin , gives ji rumour that the Marshal had ordered each of the . "Lieutenunf-CJovernors to present him within a week with a list of the two hundred most , wealthy inhabitants . I'W what purpose may he easily imagined . They will be accused of furnishing aid to tin ; Italian party , and the most , lenient . sentence will be confiscation . Auslria wants more
money , with more troops . The Portuguese ( lumbers were opened on the Und inst , by royal <; onmiision . The new law on Ihe press in Spain , as given b y royal decree , is in some respects more liberal ( bun had been expected , and looks like a , concession < o the constitutional parly . There arc many , however , who Iliink Ihat ( Ik ; unconstitutional p rojects ' are not abandoned , find Unit , ( ho real object oflhe coup d ' clal . would be to gel . tin absolute control ol the Hudgef . I n Spain , as in Portugal , Absolut ist tendencies are taking ( he form of ii huge stock-jobbing con-Hp iracy . It is as if these royal and imperial personages were busy making a purse for an evil day at the expense of I heir subjects . The new law and the circular of Ihe M inisler of ( he Inferior si ale Ihal . I here are only I wo capital points on which no discussion can be admitted I si , I be princip le of monarchy and the legitimate rig hts of (^ iieen Isabella ; and , secondly , ( lie rcprcscnl . iti vc princip le considered in a , fundamental point of view that , is to say , t ho rig ht , of I he jialion lo intervene in ( lie affairs of government , in the
way determined by the lawn . What is chielly complained of in Ihe new Inw is the power which it g ives lo a ministry , which may be less cons ! il ill i < ninllv disposed Mian the present lo make the freedom of the press a mere mockery . Tin- address of ( he Moderate . Klecforal Commit Lee is published . It counsels Ihe electors lo vole as if Ihe late govcruinc . il . of I team Murillo still e \ Jsled , and to have no livilli in concessions . The < Jnvernmenl proposes l . o iillow cleclor . d niecl . in / 's under certain condil ions . the
The relenlion in Ihe law of ( he clause enabling public prosecutor to throw in ( o prison , preventively , any publisher of a journal who inny be obnoxious lo the authorities , and the fact il self of such n law bcin ^ promulgated without Ihe intervention of the CorleM , by Koynl decree nro grave infiacl ionn of ( lie (' oiintilul ionnl regime . The I ' ollowing account of 11 m iiiMiiiTccl . inn ill Montenegro in from ( lie < hsf- < ' nrris / KDidni .: : The l \ 1 oiilenegriiiM ha vc left S / iililjak , afler having demolished the fortllical ionn . The Turks , fearing Ibnf ( Iki placo was undermined , did not ul , lirnt venture to enter . Two of I ' rinco JDuiiiol'u
rotations arc- dangerously wounded . The Pasha of Scutari has assumed the offensive , and Omar Pasha ( the Commandcr-in-Chief ) is advancing towards the mountains . The Trieste Zeitung says , that 1000 Montenegrins are still in Szabljak , and that a most sanguinary battle had taken place , in which the Turks were " mercilessly cut to pieces . " The Emperor of Austria has sent an aide-de-camp to Cattaro , to watch the progress of the war . The Turkish Governor of Smyrna has been recalled and disgraced for his remissness in arresting the frequent and audacious piracies that have recently been perpetrated hi those waters . A letter from Teheran , in the Augsburg Gazette , states that the sentence of death passed on the brother of the Shah of Persia , for having been concerned in the conspiracy of Teheran , has , on the intercession of the ambassador of Eno-land , been commuted into exile .
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PROGRESS OF THE ANGLO-AMERICAN ALLIANCE . Manchester celebrated its international festival on Friday , by a public entertainment to Mr . Ingersoll , in the Town Hall . The Union Jack and the Star-Spangled Banner , hung side by . side over and around the arms of the Prince of Wales . Among the guests were the Bishop of Manchester , Mr . Bright , M . P ; Mr . W . Brown , M . P . ; Mr . Cheetham , M . P , ; Mr . Heywood , M . P . ; Mr . Hindley , M . P . ; Mr . Brotherton , M . P . ;
Mr . Bazlcy , the President of the far-famed Chamber of Commerce ; and Mr . Turner , the President of its Conservative rival , the Commercial Association . Lancashire mustered in its great strength , and the journals publish a long list of the lords of cotton and commerce . The proceedings were much the same as those at Liverpool . The Mayor of Manchester presided over the banquet ; on bis rig ht sat the chief guest , on his left the Bishop . The speaking , after dinner , was distinguished by the same hearty sympathy of feeling , and the same broad views of international policy .
The Mayor looked upon this feast , in the presence of the representative of the United States , as tending to promote that good understanding which should ever subsist between the two nations . Mr . Bazley and Mr . Turner united in urging the necessity and rig hteousness of that kindly feeling and good will . Mr . Ingersoll gave his hearty thanks for their hospitable conduct . Referring to the addresses presented by Mr . Bazley and Mr . Turner , hinting at the removal of commercial restrictions , he said : —
" While it is true that a portion of the productions of our country is received by you without the assessment of duties of any consequence , if at all ; and while it is undoubtedly true that ( here yet remains a portion of the productions of our country which is not only assessed , but is heavily assessed , 1 have no complaint to make , no appeal to introduce , no suggestion even to offer , except that what you shall deem wise and proper I will deem wise and proper , and that any changes that may be made in ( lie course of the arrangements of legislation on the part of our country in which your destinies weie concerned , or your interests alone were involved , 1 am sure that I can answer for them , not only with all sincerity , but with a
certainty of their being listened to , and without any hesitation or doubt as to their being approved , admitted , ami acted upon . Hu / , we also know thai , there are two . sides to every question , and that , whatever may be the view that may be ( alien of that important question—a question which , having been submitted lately ( as has been referred to ) to your great council oTthe nation , to jour high impartial court , to that ( rihunul which for ages and ages has been tilled with men of ( he highest honour and Ihe greatest abilities , and with respect to which I may be allowed lo nay for I have listened lo and fell , il , during the U ( , (| e time that I have b : on in Kngland myself that yoil
yourselves in the bnivxigh of Manchester have distinguished yourselves not less by oMier qualifications , than those referred lo , null by oilier attributes of duty lo yourselves and respect lo ( he world , and of considerations of what you ought lo do , I ban by sending to the parliamentary representation of ( his great place , the ablest possible of your men . I have only lo thank vou , for a silent , monitor to us all , which by any one scaled where I have been ( o-day , could not have escaped notice I mean the union , on Ihe other side Ihe room , of those I wo ( lags ( referring lo ii decoration , the hril . ish cnsj ;_>; u and ( he American Hag
arranged as a . Ironhv ) . which I hone may lone conlinuo ranged as a Irophy ) , which I hope may lonj _; - conlinun muted I <>" ¦ { ' ! In'i \ as I hey arc at this moment , in peace and amity ( t > rcal appla use ) ; anil that they may be cherished in I heir present , and Unit an unaltered , condition , until the end ol' time . ( Applause . )" The valley of ( he Mississippi could supply ( ho whole family of Adam with corn ; and when 11 k ; population ol l'lni ; land overgrows fhe means of living comfortably , then Ihcv would find a hospitable welcome aniong the hundreds of millions of acres thai , abound on the other
Hide of the Atlantic ; aifd brothers , ; im well as friends , ill ( hat . vast tract , of country . lie spoke of ( he I , wo nations as the halves of one , separnled for a season , ( 'hanging the topic , he thus spoke of education : " You have in Kiifdund some higher sources of education than ( hose which are said lo abound in uiosl . of our college ; i and ol her places of educal ion in Die United Stales , " but the system ol piihhc iusl rucl u in which abounds there might probably be familiarl y known to yon , not perhaps without , advantage . ( Hear , hear . ) Our common schools are attended , iih lar as moil ! stales ( r ) | iy every child of II poor jnun ( hat cIioohch lo attend I hem , and an education
sufficient for all the purposes of life is given ; so that are at this moment , or rather there were two years ago , and there must be more now , 4 . , 000 , 000 of individuals undergoing a course of instruction in the United ota ^ s . x speak for my own particular place of residence , Philadelphia , when T say that 50 , 000 of its poor inhabitants are educated at this moment in its public schools , without costing their parents a penny , most of them not being able to pay for them one single farthing . - We have also an institution there which has once or twice been adverted to bv a distinguished man in conversation since I have been in England , and which I think is worthy of bemg introduced to your consideration and notice . A liberal individual , in making his will , bequeathed a very large sum ol money , and with a margin further upon the whole ot his estate , to establish a college not only for the poor , but a collee-e for poor orphans ; and that college , after perhaps
expending a little more money than was absolutely necessary to make the principal building in which the education of these poor orphans is carried on , is , I have been told by individuals from other countries , the most magnificent temple of modern times . I mean the Girard College in Philadelphia , now in full operation , under the magnificent donation of Stephen Girard . Education , therefore , is attended to , I believe , with great advantage ; and if any individuals in our country are not able to perform the ' ordinary duties of life , from want of education , it must be the ' fault of their parents or of themselves . While I am upon this subject , there is another sort of
establishment , 4 riiich I think does not precisely prevail in this country , but which might be introduced to your knowledge as worthy of being known—I mean those places which , resembling your houses of industry , are called in my country houses of refuge , where the very young , exposed to the actual commission , or liable to temptation to crime , are withdrawn from evil example , and are placed where they are partially instructed in some trade , and thus secluded from evil communication and bad morals ; bound out in the country to useful trades ; and thus they become , in almost every instance , valuable members of society , instead of being liable to become the very reverse . This is an additional ^ circumstance , as I have said , in which we have some resemblance to you . " His peroration is remarkable as an expression of confidence in our united destiny : —
" I believe that peace will continue to prevail between our two countries , because I believe there is an interest of communion and of feeling ; and that it may be so , in kindness and goodwill , is not only the wish which we all of us will exchange , but it is a sentiment founded upon reason as well as upon truth ; because there never was , I believe , from the beginning of the world to this time , a man connected with war who did not as fervently utter his sentiments in favour of peace as the mildest of all possible people in education , who never had anything to do with war or its machines . You are all perfectly aware of the sentiments on this subject of the Duke of Wellington , who , although the success of his campaigns led to a state of
things which continued for a number of years in the nature of peace , yet his opinions with regard to war were just as familiarly and frequently expressed as upon other subjects , and by them he kept his country from running into it . Even the great captain of the French , Napoleon Bonaparte , after laying down his honours at home , and becoming a prisoner for life , frequently expressed to Montholon , before he ended his career at St . Helena , his horror at tho system of warfare , ami his belief that the true glory of nations consisted in a system of peace and amity . I have spoken , I assure you , from the inmost recesses of my
heart ; I receive with the greatest , gratitude the kindness you have shown me , and expressed for my country ; and I hope that that country and yours may long continue , in every respect compatible with Ihe nature ol' things , with the actual separation by the Atlantic , with this little difference- notwithstanding our resemblance in language , literature , and laws—notwithstanding our devotion to constitutional liberty , which is , 1 believe , equally strong in both countries - notwithstanding these littlo differences , that they may remain , ho far as requisite for individual and individual to do , subject to these circumstances—ono and indivisible . " ( dicers . )
' 1 he Bishop ol Manchester took up the thread of the ai- ^ unienf . lie hoped Mr . ln ^ ersoll would look wi th no partial eye on the indications of this country towards America . If in one or two instances we hud appeared likely to cast , censure upon souk ; of their instifiitionn , it remonstrances sent , from thin country had Hcomed to breathe the spirit of relmke , we would pray him to tell his countrymen thai , we were deeply sensible , that if there wen ; a . building- raised in America which was devoted to unhallowed uses , fhe substratum was laid by
Hrifi . sli hands , and we would ask him to recollect , that ( he spark which wan to cause the explosion that woidd blow t lie superstructure f () the four winds of heaven had been produced by the pen of " n talented American I ' cniiile . " ( ApplaiiHc . ) He referred lo the two HC-henies of education which Inxl been contested , 1 ; o the improved system of criminal discipline which we ] mi \ received from America , and expressed his belief Unit , though there were sijjfiis of improvemen t in our factory nysl . oin , we mi-lit , take a lesson from Lowell with iidviininge .
Several other speakers , minor lights , intervened ; and then Mr . John Mri ^ -hi , re turned ( . hanks for " the members of the boroughs of Manchester and Salford . " lie had been thinking ( , 1 ml , they wore poMNibly in hoiho danger of lieiii ; ' lutHinulerHtood , ( or ono of the Miirin ( , oi-H Iroin this to a forei gn country had been examined on committee respecting ollicial salaries , and lie hiHistod upon it , thai , ( . lie very point of diplomacy wiih ^ ood dinners , and l , hal , the cook ol ' mi embnssy was inferior
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T H E { there 52 LEADER . TBattopat ^
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Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 15, 1853, page 52, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1969/page/4/
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