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munion-table . The churches could not contain all the communicants who ostensibly flocked to their altars , nnd of course , of necessity , many wandered over rock and loch , performing acts of diversified devotion . But alas , innovation broke the spell and cancelled the opportunity ! the devout wanderers , no longer under the Minister's eye , . substituted- whisky for . wine , and certain " Holy Willies" were overcome by the fervency of their devotions , and the steamers of " Sacramental Sundays" came to an untimely end . But the passengers by the JEmperof . are not " orthodox , " and therefore are
they sober . They have abolished the sale of intoxicating drinks on board the steamer . In Scotland the spiritual are undoubtedly disposed to be spirituous . On Sunday last , on my way to the Bromielaw , I met a man , dirty , drunk , vociferous , and beastly , menacing his wife , who was vainly endeavouring to restrain his violence , and induce him to return home . She bad one child in her arms , one by the hand , a third clung to her gown , and a ragged troop hung behind . Brutally flinging her away , the eye of the husband met that of a
fellowworkman , who was hastening to the Emperor with his neatly dressed , cheerful wife , and two children . The pious drunkard was indignant at the contemplated desecration of the Sabbath , and exclaimed , " There go damned Sabbath-breakers , ganging awa to the De'il !" The dainty conscience of the orthodox ruffian was outraged , and there is little doubt that the Presbytery would entertain more respect for this believing brute than for the sober husband of the respectable family whom he insulted .
But while Colqulioun rageth at Gareloch , the Presbytery of Glasgow , as the public have beard , have indited a remonstrance to the proprietors of the Emperor . The Presbytery is " indignant , " " condemns , " and " denounces , " " deplores , " and " deprecates . " ( They so pile up emotion in this part of the-world . ) There has been an entire depletion in the lachrymal organs of the respectable and venerable Protestants since 480 workmen- liave tasted of fresh air and repose in the great temple of Nature on the seventh day . Let the fact of this remonstrance be kept on record . The men of another generation will read it as we now read the last edict of the Church on Witchcraft .
Some twenty years ago a medical gentleman in the city of Glasgow , proprietor of a boat , ordered it to sail on the Sunday . ( If anything liberal is proposed by the professional classes it comes either from a j ) hysician , or a barrister . ) But the Presbytery pounced on the daring son of JEsculapins ; threatened to pound him in his own mortar , make him swallow his own prescriptions , and generally to excommunicate all patients who should have the audacity to be cured by him . What could a single doctor do against a whole Presbytery ? They protested , and the boat was stopped . But the proprietors of the Emperor are protest proof . In the course of their reply to the said Presbytery—a reply respectful , able , and elaborate — the aforesaid
proprietors both deny the authority and refute the 4 ( Kic of tho Presbytery . They declare it to have been tljeir intention to run the Emperor beforo and after divine service , and for two Sundays they did so ; but th o illiberall y of tho church-goers of Gourock and Duuoon refused to recognise this consideration , and the proprietors then determined to run their vessel all < % , which they now do , nnd declare that " with the blessing of Q od" they will continuo to do bo ; and announce that if tho Presbytery have recourse to law tlioy are prepared for that nlno , determined that no re-Ii tfious conclave shall prescribe tho exact mannor in which Scotchmen shall keep the Sabbath .
v \ liile the northern Emperor in campaigning on tho Uvde , a southern compeer is disporting in tho Sabbath jnorning- huh on tho gcntlo Tttinnr . A Htcanier , also called tli « Emperor , has for some time been sailing from Devonport in t ho good cause of seventh day recreation . And a : '" n Otry , like tho yellow fever , is contagious , tho cwr-ry of Plymouth , Dcvonport , and Stoncliouao , nine-«*» m number , have , in imitation of tho Glasgow i-esbytery , tried their " prentice hands" at a " remon"trunce" to Mr . Wellington Gregory , tho proprietor ; »« t that gentleman , like liis great namesake , ha . s J 3 n ffsi irou „ , lliH composition , and answers in a stylo that ¦ UiUp
s him to n practical bishopric . Wo mioto n porll ( > ' » of t , hiH independent reply . — j n , ¦ r < {} y ( ' ° < no charge I havo groat pleasure in pleadtriin f t i ' ° ' faino > "lasmuch as it enables mo ( o conviolnt - ' ., lln PP » " <>"" "f ' iny follow-creatures without lenm lY , U' ° <; o »» rmn ( l . s of tho Creator , or tho ae' Tl ; « T , , wa of moruKfcy . " * # * " Ohvist said—Riibl . ( i '/ ,. W ( lH lniul ° for mun > ftn ( 1 nofc num for lI » o on I u i , 'hmt boHitalod not to walk through tho Hold * brdlr ,. n . iUl ' < l to P "'* N » " l » riHfc Wl I "/ ¦ of tho SllI » l > alli ) aH rend by the ' . iewish 1 'riestnn . l T /" n 0 l ) y ' doing good on tho Sabbath : i ) ay ;' <» n | v fi . li ' " ' rovor <) utl y and roapoeUiilly , that . I am ftialiin "ffm tlw toototvpu of 'Tho Master , ' by fur-» V ( ..-wn , ' . { '' RPortunifcy to tho mechanic , tho artisan , tho wonted clorlr , nhoi > man , mid apprentice * , of the densely
populated towns of Plymouth , Devonporfc , and Stonehouse , of viewing the noble creations of their Maker , as developed in the lovely scenery on the banks of the rivers Tamar and Tavey . I give them an opportunity of offering up their prayer , ' the silent homage of a grateful heart , ' in the great temple of Nature ' . not inado with hands' —oF reading ' Sermons from , stones and books in running brooks ; ' and if the people prefer to read such sermons in preference to the drowsy and repeatedly re-read sermons of the-clergy—if they prefer to offer up their prayers under the vaulted roof of Heaven , instead of under the carved roof and painted window—if they choose to gratify the longing deairo implanted in their nature by their Creator for green fields aud purling streams , in my opinion , ifc is a silent reflection upon yourselves , that you do not ei
possess ther the love or confidence of the people , a silent but potent reflection , that your preaching is of no availthat you are promising ' bread , ' but giving ' stones '—that yoiir vain forms and ceremonies are rejected b y the growing intelligence of tho people ; that your gilded shrines , your painted windows , your burning tapers , your socalled sacred instruments , do not satisfy the demands of the ever-inquiring mind ; that Christianity as preached by you , is but ' as sounding brass and tinkling cymbal—that it is Christianity in form , but not in spirit and in truth . * " With regard to the latter part of your remonstranco ; ' that such conduct must be displeasing to Almighty God ' —it is prejudging the question to say so , and is merely an assertion . without proof , as the dicta of priesthood are , and always have been , in this and former ages .
" I have frequent opportunities on . Sundays / of seeing the bishops of your religion rolling about in their wellappointed carriages , with coachmen and footmen—of seeing the aristocracy of this country going to worship in the metropolitan temples in their sumptuous equipages , or with footmen with gold and silver stick walking behind , and carrying their gilded Prayer Books—of seeing , also , the parks of London crowded with the noble , the rich , the peer , and the millionaire , pillars of the Church , all alike professing Christianity ; and when I reflect that these men have sis days in the week in which to transact the duties of life , and also to enjoy its innocent amusements ,
I cannot but wonder that you do not raise the banner of the Cross , and preach , up a , second crusade against this great and crying sin . But no ; you allow this to pass by unnoticed ; and when the poor man , who , exhausted' by his day ' s work , and who , unable to snatch an hour for the relaxation of his mind , or the invigorating of Ma body during the six days , ventures to get upon a steam-boat on the seventh day , and which , boat only employs five men to contribute to the happiness of five hundred , whereas , the bishop ' s carriage employsj ^ u men to contribute to the laziness of one—you raise the Sabbatarian ' Hue and cry , ' —that cry which has been so unsuccessfully raised against railway travelling , and the opening of the Crystal Palace
—which has been so often raised in Scotland , to the disgrace of tho clergy , the detriment of true religion and morality , and which is diametrically opposed to common sense , to tho commands of God , and the requirements of the ago . I have the honour to be , Sir , yours most respectfully , " WELMNCrTON GfiEGOiiY . "To thoKov . J . Hatchard , M . A ., and others . " The " Iron Duke" could not havo been more tart , decisive , and resolute . As on tho Clyde , another steamer is required to carry tho crowds of passengers , so we hope that Mr . Gregory will find it necessary to run i \ second on the Tamar , and that next summer wo may have to write on tho wars of tho four Emperors . Ion . Glasgow , Sept . 16 th , 1853 .
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SUNSHINE . Lbig-k Hunt once hinted at a newspaper record of good deeds to balance our constant stories of crime . In facfc ^ tho tiling could not bo done , for tho beat deeds naturally escape report . But it is well to bo reminded that tho fltaplo of tho action around us is not bad . Sometimes tho daily beauty of a lifo comes out by elianoo . It was deposed in the course of evidence nt tho Birmingham , gaol inquiry , that Warder Brown had "bathed the faeo and slackened Uio collar" of a prisoner at tho crank . Tho Chief CommisHionor said— " I do not wish to say anything which is not strictly pertinent to tho inquiry , but I cannot help remarking that ovory instance of mercy which lias transpired during tho inquiry is attributable to tho present witness . " What a singular story I Horo is a gaol
full of brutal mon , nnd one man among them , unhardened and undotorrud , if ) kind and tender . In the same inquiry wo find that tho boys who had left tho gaol for tho reformatory school , worn most anxious to get their follows into tho hotter plaoo . And in that better placo they work honourably , act kindly one to another , and in overy way are good boys . JUoudiiitf , too , from time ( o time , of cruelties by man towards woman , let us not- forgot tho many JCnglish homes whoro hnppinora obtains , jior tho many husbands of the craftsman class an true and loving as they are hardy in frame , or earnest in work . No record in made of tho matter , because it in an ordinary fact of English , life , and we do not- bring tho aotors befoi-o tho public ; , because we do not follow tho . Uuoku habit of rewarding virtue with a green coat .
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Twadme . —Twuddlo is not simply nonsonso ; it may bo « onso in tho wrong place . —From Goethe's Opinions .
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ENGLISH AND AMERICAN CITTLERF . ( To the Editor of the Leader . ) Sib , —The master cutler of Sheffield overlooks an important fact , in speaking of tho relative merits of English and American edge-tools . The partial superiority of American tools is not exclusively owing to any difference in the original qualities of the steels used in their manufacture ; but being generally forged in charcoal fires , the quality of the steel is improved in tho manufacture by the absorption of additional carbon ; while in-our coal , or ' slack' fires highly carbonized steels become seriously deteriorated by the docarbonizing influence of our coal fires .
No one supposes that our American smiths are greater adepts , or more learned in the mysteries of metallurgy than our Sheffield cntJers . The abundance of charcoal—often cheaper than they can procure coalgives , tho American a decided advantage . At the same ; ime , it ought to be observed , that , among their other acquisitions , they have not failed to learn the art of making tools for sale , as well as for shaving . To vis , there is no question of the comparative merits of the workmen . But if a parallel is to be instituted between the cutlery manufactured in this country with
that of America , we ought to know therelativo circumstances under which it is done . Quantity takes precedence of quality in Sheffield , and they must both bo produced at a low rate of wages . It is the natural result of " unrestricted competition . " If America is in possession of local advantages , wo can only toil tho harder to lessen the inequality . But then we , and they on tho other side of the Atlantic too , aro in eternal chase after " cheapness , " and 1 lmvo generally found it to be a sorry article . I remain , yours respectfully , Sopt . 5 th , 1853 . John Webdem , Smith , London .
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HOLYR 00 D PALACE . ( To the Editor of the Leader ) Sir , —Tho "Statement of Grievance aud Protest" of the " Justice to Scotland" party may bo right , in sorno respects , or it may be wrong , in others , but tho following extract from an independent Scottish journal , shows , at a single glance , the necessity for Scotchmen demanding , in their country ' s name , a more equitable share of the public money—annually voted for general purposes , in Great Britain and Ireland : —• " Agreeably to royal proclamation , the Poors of Scotland assembled within tho X'icturo Gallery , llolyrood I ' alnco , for tho election of one of their number to represent them , in tho House of Lords , in consequenco of tho vacancy
caused in the sixteen representative Poors of Scotland by tho death of the JCarl of Seaficld . A second vacancy in tho representation has been since occasioned by the demifio of General Lord Salloun , but the proclamation only applied to tho filling up of tho prior vacancy . There wan n l > 'tf » l / fashionable and numerous attendance , although tho public admission was greatly restricted , owing to tho inaocuro Btate of the flooring ; " for , although < he whole gallery was propped up underneath , it wan deemed advisable to prevent ; crowding . The plat form or gallery usually ercttort ior public accommodation at the east end of the hall , watt not erected on thin occasion . . Tho spectators included tho Countosa of Leven and Melville , the Countess ol | tosebery , and other ladies of distinction . "" —/ SVo «/ . v 7 * L ' ross , Sept . 0 . Now , nil-, just fimey a leveo in nny of her Majesty ' s royal miidenecs in England , under such circmnstunccB . ' Would London submit to it P No , never . Wo would fioon havo tho press and public opinion down upon tho guilty parties , from under which lash they would onl y bo too glad to escape , by making tho required impi'ovc . litcntH . Trusting that , for " i >«'» ' " ^ d Scotland ' s unite , " you will insert tho above in your nblo journal , I ronm ' m , Sir , yours , &c , 0 ont ., 18 G 3 , A SCOTCHMAN .
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September 17 , 1853 . ] THE LEADER . 903
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There is no learned man but will confess he hath much profitedby reading controversies , his senses awakened , and nis judgment sharpened . If , then , it be profitable for him to read , -why should it not , at least , be tolerable for his adversary to write . —Miltoit .
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£ lN THIS DEPABTMENT , AS iM OPINION'S , HOWEVEE EXTREME AEE AI / LOWED AX EXPEESSIOM " , THE ED 1 TOB NECESSAEII / JT HOLDS HIMSELF RESPONSIBLE FOE NONE . ]
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 17, 1853, page 903, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2004/page/15/
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