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of ships of war " ready to go anywhere and do anything 1 " The > i 6 tttatlihg of the shi p * has commenced , and th « itfar stores ' fire" Vapidly being stowed on . board , - .- - - The whole of the snips at the anchorage , before the arrival of Rear-Admiral Corry ' s squadron , were practised daily in greit gunnery by Hear-Admiral < 3 hads . } Signal hating been : made by order of the CJominftOder-in-Chief , Sir Charles Kapier , to follow the movements of the Edinburgh , Bear-Admiral Chads eonBe ^ ueritly ordered every commanding of"fieer to cattse the ^ flrst " and second captains of guns to fire four rounds each at a target moored at 800 yards , arid to report to him the time in which it was done hy ^ each" ship . This has displayed some splendid pradti ^ M ^ nnery . The Dragon * ras particularly skilful : ^ l ^'<] i ^ B 4 ^ oiniden ^ ' -latving < struck the ball-i ^* ye twice ^ 'and struck the target several times , her last shot knocking it away . The practice , gerierally * was admirable . As the first important preli-„ ¦ minary to a ttate of aetnal war , the Admiralty have issued new code ' sigtial-booka to the fleet , which come ^ mt 6 ^ S ^ a ^ M ^ m-: ^ ¦ ¦ v . > vj - . ¦•• . I ^ ^ a ^ les l ^ ier -hoisted his Blue flag at the fore on'tW «^^ ^^« 7 t 9 i ; on Monday , until the Duke : ¦¦ qfiWj ^ Mit » t 0 ^^ M Comrnodbre Michael Seymour has Ik ^\* ppoin 1 : ed captain of the fleet . - ¦ . ' : q I or , . 4 i 5 ( tX't ¦ '• &- : » • : ; - * ^ » ' ¦ ' . •¦• . ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' \ - "d i , ; . f ] L . - TRife ^ vr ^ .-v ^ . v- - ^ ¦ " ¦ . ¦ " ¦ ¦ - . ¦ ¦ - j ^ "i ^
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^^^ m ^ p ^^( j i c ^ j ^ . . ' ¦ S ^ jiEflH ^^ mails from ' $ »^^ to the 1 Ith j and theiGape of Good Hopev'totthe 2 l * t January . The chief item'of : ^ the Indian Jiews , which is authentic ^ iBvft ^ ^ j 3 bv ^ Tn ® r ^ iGtti 6 ral had " set up brick ^ iHarsita ^ naS ^ uib ^ eik& ^ My , in the territory conqujaredfromBurnaah , to mark ; the boundary , and thatiielmd ^ The next item , as ^ will be ^ Been ^ niVan answer , given-in the House of ^ mropns byj ^ ^^<^ ai | BsA"SV ? o ^ , 4 s not / tc ^ be relied upcm ^ b ^ ut Wr even tM information of the Board of Control : js not alwayfl ^ ccurate , ana as Minister * haye been ^ de ^ ivpd ^ f £ f £ i $ i ( £ i * : <^ the shape is aues ^ nable-raf letter from > Calul , - in the JDeffn
M TJia . / Russi an army Jiad baited within two marches of Khiva ,: and was employedmtMe " construction of cantonments . FourISassiana ^ ehtSih ^ rwched Dost-Mahpmed , bearine a mf ^ g ^^ fiomthe'Russiaiijgeneijal . The message was to this elect ' s ?—Do ? ti ^ fafaomed jwas solicited " , to . proceed with , his $ amp toitheilwink ^^ two Russian . Ehroyfi with lettew froim ' . fflfa . Czar—one addressed' to the Ameer himself , and the other to the King of Bokliaru—TO > pb 6 Ength « fortriatioacf a quadruple alliance between the Giar , tie Khan of Khiva , Doit Mahomed , and tlie King or Bok ^ r «;; fthe allia n ce to-iWi a gree d u poii on the right bank of ithe ' jOxb *;* Should De » fc Mahomed agree to 111 q proposal , the Bvesian -generalwould come ; Sa parson 'to the right or * tA «* £ linm-Bl « in 1 ffl lilt . ? ¥ »•» f \ wtC » . ^ ,. M . * . 4 > 1 « A . . *« Jfc «^* l * lkS *« .. Bl «* u « . 3 M . f . /^ IkM ^ a L ^ ID UCl
UW ^ WIflNWK W'MJO , UAUO ! ^ Ul ! ^ UUVUIUVUU Ul V-MI < U ~ gbree .. we-, pre 8 unie ) , and , await an ' . interview with . the Dost . Dpst Mahomed ' s reply was that he consented to the proposed negotiations ; but that lie would not cross the Oxus to meet nis 6 W . enemy the King of Bokhara , unless the Russian general wotild in the firat place cross to the Affghan side of the" Jtiver , bringing witli him , as temporary hostages , the son and Prime Minister of the King of Bokhara . On these terms lie would not only treat with the King of Bokhara , bat would forgive him all lis past offences , holding that the importance of the quadruple alliance should throw all private quarrels into the shade . On these terns , then , a treaty of alliance between Russia , Khiva , Bokhara , and Cabal was on the point of settlement . " '
. From China the ^ mews is curious . Tiles of the Pekin Gazette have been received up to the 17 th cf November . They contain a sort of history of the advance of the insurgent army gathered from the jrepprta . of the Imperial generals . According to these - " "Statements the Imperialists had defeated the rebels , but somehow or other every military dispatch described these rebels as being nearer to the capital . This was accounted for by the statement that the rebels , although beaten , eluded the Imperial armies » and continued to advance . It appears that the march : on Pekin has been made in two columns .
That division , which made the descent on Nankin , and captured it , was detached from the main army , which kept on its course northward from the spot where it . had first touched on the shanks of the Yang-tse-Kiang . Having captured Nankin , the eastern column marched by the Grand Canal to form a junction with the western column at Tien-tsinthe port of Pekin , and within eighty miles of that capital . At this spot the two armies unitedj and the Imperial generals describe themselves as having
surrounded the rebel host , which they estimate at only 18 , 000 men . Trading junka , which left Tieutsin on the 26 th November , describe the rebels as checked at Tien-tsin ; but later information asserts that that city had fallen . The Mongol Tartars had come to the assistance of the Emperor . The news from tho Cape is of the simplest kind . The colonists were busy electing their Parliament Jjiere were twenty-five candidatos for the fifteen eeVs in the Legislativ e Council or Upper House general Catfieart wne © till settling the frontier
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THE PRESTON LABOUR-BATTLE . { From our Correspondent . ') Preston , Thursday . The placard given in the postscript to my last , proffering work and good wages to all who stand in need of them , is now distributed throughout the Cotton District and many jarts of England . During the week the unionists have put fortli the following : — Caution ! To the Working Classes of the "U nited Kingdom .
Brethren , —From information wo havo received from various places in England , Ireland , and Scotland , wo find that tho Associated Miuter Manufacturers of this town are , by agencies , engaging families and others for tho purpose of coming to Preston , to fill up what tlicy term vacancies , occasioned by parties leaving town during tlie strike ; stating , further , that the strike is settled , and that the hands have all resumed work . Tins is to Give Notice , tliat the foregoing are most infamously untrue . Tlie operatives aro still struggling with their cruel and relentless persecuting employers , anofwe do therefore trust that you wiTl do all in your power to controvert the delusive statements put forth . By referring to the Times newspaper , of February 27 th , yon will se& that they ( t' 10 masters ) aro having rocoureo to the expedient of visiting the Poor-law Guardians of Bradford and other places , will ft view of procuring individuals
capable of working , who are unfortunately the recipients of parochial relief . In the name of common huihanity , exert you reel ves to put a stop to Bach a system , the bringing about of which will eixtafl so much misery on the oppressed and unfortunate factory operatives of this town , in the doing t ) f which . you will perform a duty to yourselves , your country , and your Gocf . Arise in your majesty , for Labour is , truly in danger , tie rescuing of which is now placed in youf lands , in the accomplishment of which ages to come will ca ll yon blessed . . By Order of the Amalgamated Committed . Andrew- Milne , President for the Trades ; John M'Lean , Secretary for the Trades ; John Parker , Treasurer for the Trades ; William Crook , Secretary ; James Holden , Treasurer . . . . "
KB . —tA man named William Durham * , travelling about * the country , collecting old iron , &c . > & > we are credibly informed , in the employ of the Masters , for the purpost of misrepresenting the state of the town , and to otherwise calumniate the delegates . Beware of him , and shun Mm . ¦ : It appears that Messrs . Wilding and Sharpies , through the raediiim of their Manchester agent , got together sixty-two persons in that city , and brought them on Monday morning to Preston . Information of this circumstance was at once transmitted to the head-quarters of the iinionists , who lost no time in putting themselves > in communication with tile
strangers . These were taken to the Farmer ' s Arms , where the Spinnew' Committee holds its sittings , and after being plentifully refreshed with beef and beer , of VHiich they seemed to stand in great need , no less than fifty-four of them returned to Manchester . Crreat , excitement was caused in the town by thia odcuxrence , and a meeting w * s held in the Orchard . Front the statements then made , it would appear that very few of theaa immigrants had « ver worked at machinery r ; and tltat , even of those few , the greater proportion- had baen in a fiax-raill . It would also appear that the terms offered by the masters to these straii ' gers were very advantageous ^—a fact which provei 'very- strongly tliat they are fighting for the w « mx » 4 < s * . « w * T undaMa ^ nvi ^ + tmt * An 'I ' nAaJaiy a >^*«« j > *** £ Vlt
UI « O « Cljr . JL UUUEt ^ UHIU »» U VU J . UbOUaj ' , BVIUC Ml those who had been induced to xeturn to Manchester made a second application to be sent to Preston , but tlieir offer was very curtly ' , refused . Some of the other masters are expecting . volunteers , and cabs ate engaged . to meet the hite trains , in order to prevent the delegates from intercepting the hands . Bedding is said to have been conveyedinto some of the mills , in anticipation of the difficulty of obtainiog lodging for tUe immigrants . When a similar experiment wa , s tried by the Messrs . Falkner , of Manchester , eighteen years ago ,, a spark from the tobacco-pipe of a man , who was smoking in his bed , 'fired the null , and tlie whale was burnt to the ground amid the acclamations of all the operatives of Manchester .
So far as the mills of the Associated Masters are concerned , affairs seem to be in the same position as they were last £ week ; The addition to the number of hands at work has been very unimportant , find the fact that several of those at work haye sent very large contributions to the Union , with a request that they might be entered in the balance-sheets as contributed by * f Knobsticks , " is a veiy significant indication of the feelings whiclx actuate some of even those who have resumed work . - Nothing like molestation has been offered to those who have so resumed ; but the following anecdote will serve to illustrate the system of annoyance not unfrequently pursued : —Ah old
man , who had returned to his work at the mill of an Associated Master , was set to cleaning some machinery in a room level with the street . After working there for a short time , he went to the manager and requested to be put somewhere else , and , upon being asked for a reason , requested the manager to come and judge for himself . There were thirteen windows in the room , fronting the street , and no sooner had th « old man set to work neneath one of them , when a grinning head popped in and shouted " Knobstick 1 " In great wrath and disgust , the old fellow shifted his quarters , but , to whatever part ol
thejroom he moved , his persecutors were too sharp for ; him , for a neighbouring window immediately opened and the offensive word was shouted in his ears . At length he made the pleasing discovery that one window was sheltered from the street by a high wall , and thither he accordingly betook himself to work , as he thought , in peace and quietness . Scarcely had he well settled down to his task before the window was gently puslied open , and right under his nose was thrust an enormous knobstick . " Noa , " said he , " I carn ' t stand tliat . 'T'wor bad enow to call it me ; but now they show me the thing itsel' " —and , with that , he put on his coat and marched out of the factory .
A report is very rife throughout the Cotton District , that the Stockport and Blackburn masters liavo had a meeting , with & view of taking off the ten per cent , co-mcede * last year . I cannot speak positively as to this , but tliere is a very strong impression that way , and tho Preston employers are waiting with great anxiety for some such movement in their favour . It is undoubtedly true that the general feeling umong the manufacturers , with regard to the Operatives' Union , manifests the greatest heat and bitterness , and that some of the most influential
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TAXES ON KNOWLEDGE . The annual meeting of the Assoeiaticm for' Promoting the Repeal of the . Taxes on Knowledge was held in Exeter Hall on Wednesday . Mr . G . L . Ricardo , the chairman , said it was an admitted principle that raw materials should te exempted from taxation , and no raw * material had a better claim than paper . At the same time he was afraid the Chancellor of the Exchequer wouli tell them tlat in the face of a war he cauld not spare the paper duty ; With respect to . the stamp on newspapers , he did not think that any Chancellor of the , Exchequer
would tell them that that was a question of revenue . It would l > e better to stamp anything rather than the newspaper , the necessary means of the dissemination of knowledge amongst the people . If there ever was & time at which it was important to remove every impediment to the progress of education , it was the present , when we were going to extend the franchise to hundreds of thousands of new voters . At the same time he believed that the people had a natural desire for knowledge , and that if the means of obtaining it were placed within their reach , the education , of the peopLe would soon make considerable advances .:
On the motion of Mr . Cassell , seconded by Mr . Ingram , a resolution against the paper duty-was adopted . Mr . Collet then moved : — " That while-a system of cheap newspaper postage is a matter at once of high importance and of easy attainment * no postal privileges granted niercly to a class can compensate for the _ eYiLa of the stamp ( tax on news and of the security system ; which were originally imposed and are still retained forthe purjfcse of preventing the cheap circulation of intelligence among the great mass of the p « ople . '"' ' ¦
; This w& 6 seconded by Mr . Cobden , who , at some length , entered into the whole question . He restated what Mr . Ricardo had said respecting the paper duty and the stamp tax . The stamp ; he said , did nbt involve such an amount of revenue as to prevent the Chancellor of tie ; Exchequer from dispensing with it either in peace or war . Mr . Cobdeo , observing that provincial proprietors are opposed to the removal of the stamp , showed how much better it . would Ibei fqjr ;) all—proprietors * editors , reporters-rif the st ^ tnp were atolished , and industry Set free : He also argued in favour of Jocal papers . Then at the close « c put this-case :- —• ' - ,
" The false reports which were' current , even in the metropolis , connected with tlie ; absurd charges recently made against Prince Albert—of which he would only s % j tliat next to the cowardice of attacking those who were too helpless to defend themselves , was the dastardly conduct of attacking -one who was so high that he could not reply to the attacks—had shown that there existed in the lower stratum of society an amount of credulity which made ns not safe from another Lord George Gordon riot , or another Titus Oates plot , or even from an imposture like that of PerkinWaxbeck . Now , seeing tliat we lived in a country which professed to be governed by appeals to public opinion , ' and in which the mass of the people did in the last resort decide npen questions of the greatest importance , could we shut onreyas io the' factiliat this ignorance prevailed among the people , who had no opportunity of exercisin g their
reason by that discussion of facts and' principles which newspapers would promote ; and could we doubt that ; having regard to tlie safety of society , the interests of morality , arid to all those kindred blessings which attended upon cultivated inte lligence , we were doing right in using every effort to abolish this Btarnp , wind kept us so much behind the state of intelligence which \ re found to exist on the other side of the Atlantic ? " ( Loud cheers . ) The resolution was agreed to . « Mr . Craufurd , M . P ., moved"That the last attempt to define what is a newspaper has been signally unsuccessful , and that the increased iaability of the Boaid of Inland [ Revenue to enforce the law with impartiality , shows that no remedy will bo effectual tliat does not exempt the press from all taxation , and liberate it from all control except that of a court of law . " This resolution , seconded by Mr . Nichdlay , was adopted , and the meeting broke up .
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200 THE LEADER . [ Saturday ,
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Leader (1850-1860), March 4, 1854, page 200, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2028/page/8/
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