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Leader (1850-1860), 25th March 1854, Edition 1 of 1, Page 270

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      isrded Ae ibBowixtg wemantadam , wMch Cooatt itsMdrade bid given < ltiia for feis use—remarking , iiBWUfW IhertliiWgs , that it established the fact of am maeTst * n < iirjg ¦ •»» to Turkish affair * between the g ^ ny art ar df' Joastria and ihe lSffiperor of "Russia : — - ' -frTrwn&fotifyn . ) " ** Eeb . 21 , 1 * 53 . u ; t ; jll * Emperor has * with the liveliest interest « od real ¦ tirftetm , uiad * feimtelf aeqwuntedmitb ; the sectetwrt n « lftifo » al ^< tespatch which Star Hamgtan ^ Seymour romaKt-¦ noito . daer 3 iina . fl # vduly « ppfeei « te 8 the &aakne 6 s vbacih httndictitcd £ t £ J 3 e . thai ffltab&fthenin -aFfcesh proof of 3 b » jfeswrfly sentiiaeBtB rfbich heriUjestf the ^ Q « eeb entertains - * fasoivrerskKi&aBiliarl ! r m& tbetBntisb envoy ao tee

      ofieied'jraMitarttothe Forte dot a&dress&d TetRonstRiBces £ & the # m « n : © wvetmn ent . The <* onsecp » e » e « is very eviiieatft . The Porte necessarily concluded from this that from FVance alowitins werythiog to 3 * ope , JS'WeB « s erarytinwgto fear , and that it eao evade'With , impimity the ^ mwnds of Atistria and of ( Russia . It is tints tlia * Austria m \ i Russia ^ in order to obtain ^ jttstice , J » ave b « en ilwrnselvee ^ om ^ elled , in their tnnr against their will , -to act -by-ilntioiiiation , slace they " ha * e to ; £ ( f w&h a : € to * ennxie » t wbichioDly yields , to a ¦ peremptory attitude ; saditis thawthat byits ownikalt , or rather W « fc « t « f ^ b « w wfoo have weakened it in . the fost instance . Use Paite » urged on inacotaBe which enfeebles ft still attae . I « t 45 i * glaBd * iben employ herself in making it Setea t » r « Beoo . Instead > ef tfnitJng herself with France wgainst

      opu&mo'f her majesty ' s Government , 'be the < s ? gnal fbrpwpamtkm -for iHtrigaes ^ of « verydea ( aifttioB : « nd fer revolts ameeg the Christian subjects of t ; he Porte . 3 ^ oh power nsti each party would « ndfeavoar to secure its fmtnre interests , and the dissolution of the Turkish ^ empire would be pratwded bv »» tate of anarchy wliich nrast aggravate every difficulty , If it * d not render a peaeeftd tsolntion of the question -Jropoesible . " I 3 m msm object of her Majesty ^ Govemmeftt , that to which their efforts have been and « lways will ^ he directed , is the inresernftlion of peace ;; vand they desire to -uphold the Tnrlasb empire , from tbeir conviction that aeigreat Question

      can be agitated in the East without becoming . * . source of discord in the West , and that every ^ jreat questieu in the West will "assume-a revolutionary character , and -embrace a revision of the entire social system , for which fee continental Gorerninenrs are certainly in no state of-preparation .. * ' Her "Murjesty ' s Government t > eBeve "that Ttrrkey diny requires forbearan . ce on the part of its allies , ana * determination not to press 4 beir claims , in * manner inumHeffmg % © the dignity and independence of the Sultan ^—tbatifrieBaly support , iauihovK tfcat , with States' ** with individuate , the weak axe entitled to 'expect from the « trang—in ot&er ^ n&b only to . prolong its existence , hut to-remove ali / eaasettf alarm . xespecttQg its dissolution . "

      Xord dareudoa acknowledged , on Hie 5 fh xtt April , the TKeeipt of the Emperor ' s memorandum " with feelings of sincere satisfaction ^ lJut suggesting that the correspondence had better top closed . "Her Majesty's Government do not consideirtba % : agy tueffal purpose would -be served by prolangiBg-a correspondence upon a question with respect to wWch a coiriplete understanding has beea ^ established ; Eiadlhave only , therefore , furtherto state , that her MajestyVXiovern meat oiserve with pleasure that ^ . in the opinion of the Emperor , the ^ all of tna i ' orkisli Empire is-loofeed upon as an uncerta 3 n « nd distant contingency , and tlat no real crisis'Tiasoccuriel to render its realisation jmmia « rtC <> ace again Sit ttauriHton had a xSonfidentixlcon versation—aiterxtionertat the i&dare , on the IBtii cf jAsnrU . Axnang dtfeer'tlfingethe

      EcnpeTorBaidr"It had been most agreeable **<> him t ^ i ifind . that the overtures -vflitch he had . addressed , to lior -Ha > jeaty ' s Grovernment had been responded to i 3 ja ; th « ' « UBQ frl « r ^ y 4 » p hltjn which they were , madejrtliat , 4 »;» a- a former expression , there -was nothing an SRmclLac ^ gilaoed mo much reliance as . ht parole d * nn gnffllwmipii ; ' 1 ~ hirt lie fiStJfaat ^ the relations ^ f tbetwt ) OoiiEts 4 tood ^ aota 4 ietfcar basis now that a clear iinfTprBtandtnp -had Tiktb < iliiiiiin ^ 1 tib to ^ poiots ^ which , left in itaubt , AU ^ Fh scve JMan ^ racbxctiw of Tt ^ ttin ^ A iljppy tyy , K IDsoa say -j ^ naxlung that -her ^ tfova&rh GwrenaamBi

      w * rfrunderstood 4 » receive very ^ ccaEate ^ worts ^ 'Whst passes in Turtey , flbe £ mp ^ r re plied V « iat ^ oaasi 4 eraUa numaiion . that hfl <« i ^ fa » rt fniafkiBt ^ n naacijaik ^ ifliat'l ^ AkSM lifFftA oh "tfiffv < M > nArHrVh tli ^ - * ft *«^^ nTj ± Tn » TlMtu m ^^««*» W » agents were incorrect ^ n , their npca ^ a ^^ twiKodn , « a } j < x * to > Sulgariaf . the . greatest- dsontent . pce < rai ] ci& tlera , aod fiis ^ lfyegty woolctamimtbat "were , it j sot ftfr ~|» i » 9 continiaft efforts to repress the manifestation of ieeli ^ pC- ^ the boA the- Bnlgananfl would some iima sine * batre heoa ^ iaau 8 anQec tion . "

      Finally , the whole affair winds op miQw&imimema randum by the T&wpetot : — CTranelationO " The Emperor has . witlilivei y satisfactitnvnadcirlamsdf acquainted witb l . ord Clareadon ^ s despatch afr tbe ^ 23 rd « f March . His Majesty congratulates himself ¦ oa p 4 scciviiig that his views and . those of tko Enj ^ ibh . Cabinet ^ eniuo ^ y , coincide on the snbjact of th& { j > olitkal comHoaiion ^ which it would be chiefly necessary to avoid in the « xb » me cas © - of tie contingency occurring in Ihe East which Bussia and £ ) n ^ Iand have eq ^ aally atheart to ju ^ vent , oK ; at . all « vents , to delay as long as possible . Sharing 'generally the opuucoa expressed by Lord Clarendon on the necessity of theBj 1 * -

      longed maintenance of the ousting state of things in Turkey , the Emperor , nevertheless , cannot abstain , from adverting to a apeeial point which leads him to . suppose that the informa * Ucm received b y the British Government -is not altogether in accordance with oais . It refers to the hiunaaity ana the to leration to be shown Jbj Turi ^ j in her macmar of treating E ' er Clmstian subjects . "Putting aside many other examples to the contrary trim old date , it is , for all that , notorious that reeenlly the cruelties committed by the Turks in Bosnia forced uundnds of Christian families to seek refuge in Austria . In other respects , without wishing on this occasionito eater

      uponadiscussion as to the symptoms of decay , more or less evident ) presented b y the Ottoman Power , or the greater or leis 3 egree of vitality which its internal constitution may retain , the Emperor will readily agree that the beat means of upholding the duration of the Turkish Govenuaent is not to harass it by overhearing demands , supported in a manner humiliating to its independence and its dignity . His Majesty is disposed , as ho lias ever been , to act upon this system , -with the clear understanding , however , that the &anie rule of conduct shall bo observed , without distinction , and unanimously , by each of the great Powers , and that nemo of them shall take advantage of the weakness of the Porte to obtain from it coneos&ions which

      njiglit turn to the prejudice of the others . This principle being laid down , th « Emperor declares that be is ready to labour j in concert with England , «* the common work of prolonging the existence of the Turkish empire , setting abide all causo of alarm on Uio subject of its dissolution , lie readily accepts the cvkienoe ofiered by the British Cabinet of entire confidence in the uprightness of his sentiments , and tl » hope that , on this basis , his ftllioaco with Englund cannot fuil to become stronger . " St . Petersburg . April 3-15 , 1853 . " 8 uch is the substance of these fumoras seeret despatches .

      tfce'jnflrtr « emejjdi of lenssia , let her avoid supporting , or -even appearing to'SWpfwrt , the resistance of the Ottoman G-wernment . Let her be the first to invite the latter , as she herself cimsitiersftJesSe&tStly to treat its Christian ^ nbjects with more eijpity and ^ lniBaiMiity . That will fee the surest means of -reKe » i *^ tbe' Ewp * w ^ fjRwn the ob 3 lgstion -of a « miling himsetfin Ttnfcey orthoBe Tights of traditional prcflection twtikii beuevw * tas = * eww « i « bat aeamst his will , aendof jMKtpeiffDg 'indenmt ^ y ^»^ crisis which the ^ EmpEnor * and her'Maje 3 ty'the ' Qaeen 4 tte ^ eqaally anxioos to atvert . ^ fn ^ ioiti-tiie'EHijttD ^ iOrtmetbutcpcgTO fehnselrat herinf ; ^ Wbt * ob * woT » for thasinthaate wrtwrcbange of confiieotial ouMUaunicatwMte between her Btajesty and hmseK He has found therein valoafeie assuraBce ^ i -of wifich h < e takes

      nile with ^ 'lively eatisfaetion . The t-iro Sovereigns have fnmklf >< eKpiailN ) d * o « ach < other what i » the extreme ease ^ f wliwfhftifty'lnTc ^ been treating their respective interests'cannot end tire . England ua ( ieB 8 tandB ? tbat r FSas 6 ia canno-t « nSfer the « stabysiiineDt iat ** n * tairtm ©^ of » CJiriBtira Power s « £ Bciently ^ strong to « Mpt ! i& * gH $ diBqniet her . She declares tWatiforherseirsheaWKMBiiio «« u ^ TOtention «^ to possess' ^ aistaati ) iopl& . Tie EmperoT eqaafly ^ disclaims any wuh ^ wr desi gn of eia » bHsft 3 og "himself tinere . Englamd proauies that fihe will enter into « o aTrai ^ ement &r < te = termift ing the measures twite taken in the event ** " tbefali ] of the TS-lrtBto 'fRm ' twr * wif ^ MOit M . rm > vinnft ^ nnflwtitandiTKT with the

      'EvMror . T ^ Samro ^ oa-fci&side , wiHii ^ y-cotitr « ets Hhe samre ewgigementi' Ab Jte % ^ are ^ tti atj in ^ aehaiease he can « Jx i ^^ m *( m-Brpan Aiat ^ , who ^ s bou » i ^ yi * w prosaises tw ^ coc ^ with ^ nij'he regards "wift . less appreSensien ^ etttauifrop liV'wWch he 8 t 51 l € esire 8 toprevent « B ^« vert as mnch as it Bhall depend-ftffl 1 h ^ mJfto de « i 3 i . ' ' ^ "JfoJ'iess p ^ ionsfto ^ iinvare > the pt&rfs of frieB ^ t ' m and peraooal donfide ^ e On t ^ ^ art ' oflwr Majesty the Queen , witoh ^^ Haln !*^^ d ^^^ mpoiiWMm . ' Hesieefl ^ iiiieia tb ^ surest gcu » aBtee ajy > iii > ll TOe 4 ^) ifiBj { eticy ii ^ iSch tiis fbresKht ^^ had ¦ teemed -it / ijgui < toTjowtoutxo bustot ^ ttreXiBgttBtkvriTTernineQt ^

      l ^ ieooBdne t ini { died ^ in ^ « sedAefMes-beginoin ^—> " ^ al ^ ii ^ lciid ' « mf > loy hca ^ lf ^—wierck > lgected to by Sir Hsmftton' Seymottr , and <^ imt Hesaehx > was instructed to say tbjrti ^ thty'appHedtp thefottire not , to the j * st ^ and- « xpre » ied alicpe ^ not a reproach ^ Xord Clarendon relied ^ isft i £ ^ , ' 23 * d df 3 iT . arch , mainW rejkeating the a ^ guraeiita 4 ) 5 ^ ard John BuaseU s letter . ^ ut 4 ^ qg . otbjBC : { a « s ^ ea are Jth ^^ CblkMriagi-r- . ' .. " , . ,. . . . . _ . . '' " Ttte'jgeneTons' cbiifidence exhibited "by'the EmpcTor entitlev iiitAi ^ penal 1 tli ) jesty to the most cordial declaration of op ^ iini'bn'me . part otilljer Majesty ' s Crovermnent , who are fnHya * are that , in the -event ttfvuj Tnoderstandlnig with reference to future contingencies beinj ; expedient , orindeed

      possible , the word of hia Imperial 'Majesty wooid bs ^ preferable to my convention ^ lhat could be liaaned . " ' " HerMajesty ^ tJovernmentbaveaccordingly leaant , with stBcere satisfaction , ' tba ^ the Emperor considers Himself even more interested ^ han Bn ^ and ht- 'ptrerenting a Turkish catastropbe ; because iibey are conrmced that tapon the policy pursued by hi « Imperial ^ Majesty towards Turkey , wtUimainiy depend the- bastenuig or tiie . indetimtfi -yMtpanement of an event which every power in- ^ Barope is oanciBrned in . Arertiug . Her Majesty's * Government are convinced that nothing is more calculated to precipitate that event than the constant . prediction of its being near at hand ; that nothing can he more fatal to the vitality of Turkey than the assumption of its rapid and inevitable decay ; and that if the

      opinion of the Emperor , that the days « f the Turkish , empire were xrambered , became notorious , its downfall must occur even sooner than his Imperial Majesty now appears * to expect . "But on the supposition that , from unavoidable causes , the catastrophe did . take place , her Majesty ' s Government entirely share the opinion of the Emneror , that the occupation of Constantinople by either of tie great Powers would be incompatible witit the present balance of power and the maintenance of peace in Europe , and must at once be regarded as impossible ; that there are no elements for the reconstruction of a Byzantine empire ; that the systematic misgovernment of Greece offers no encouragement to extend its territorial dominion ; and that as there are no materials for provincial or communal government , anarchy would be the result of leaving tlie provinces of Turkey to themselves ,

      or permitting them to Form separate republics . "The Emperor has announced that sooner than permit a settlement of the question by any oiv > of these mothods , he will be prepared for war at every hazard ; and however much her Majesty ' s Government may be disposed to flgree in the soundness of the views taken by his Imperial Majesty , yet they consider that tho simple predetermination of -what shall not bo tolerated , " doe j little towards solving the real difficultieH , or settling in , what manner it would be practicable , or even desirable , to deal with the heterogeneous materials of which the Turkish empire is composed . " England desires no territorial uggrand ' iHcment , and could be no party to a previous arrangement from which she was to derive any such benefit . England , could bo no party to any umlfirstanding , however general , that was to lie kept secret from other powers ; but her Majesty ' s Government believe that no arrun cements could control evento , and that no understanding could bo kept secrot . They would , in tho

      c « UMit * tiach ^ ftosn oaevdayito ^ tnotlwr , majr bring-en the -fall tff ^ fcelOttaBwtn Empire , at 9 i « cl by 4 U > anw « s entered iato = tbe ito ^ rMV / AlioqgJtta tonirop ^ piw % ^ la « i-Sa « 8 B ^ nd Eugtia d aboaldidwfose ^ . Afifiieha ^ tU ^ pccMncoBiisitedo by itb » - &ihaHtrr * ' ajjftett ! alte ^ ether § itrranged ; still less a format agreement to b « ^ odncltliiei ber + mmK > tt&im »? G £ kHiiet ** ^ w ^^|>«* el y' * iA « r aphfitkeiEtn-Mliiti 1 iiiiii «> IlUt itIi * at ^!» hoi ^?<» dBaenu «« y > stttte 4 « . W « lpn ^ 4 eii ^ Jn ^ & imii ^ vli ^^ ifede es jiot wiBk ; ¦* im& * aiMi& ^ W ^ te imititMiif ^ i ! to& ^^ aiunitt'&egFmitit ^^ each . « tlier . ^ f ^^ CfiK # i »^ nj * b ^« eJther ^ tw o |« r ^ ma&Inh ^ iatf flttvftJihvitha-VlJ ^ rta . MifaeaSna * .. « n . ihi « r

      W ^ 0 l 0 xyptmas ^ waBSL ^ ^ e ^ JS ^ eKaE ;! JR ^^ ao . * eeessi ^ r of 4 iHaB | p * li 8 ttt ^^! boore ^ b « , ^ iis . ^ neci ^ el y . fbr Ahat | Ei ! Miaftiia ^ faB 4 DD % 4 eisecul"ca ^ ttgecfetof iplrtBtryMT hiiihiiiriirat ionifrogrooe C ^ ineirtoiaBother . By eaiiiHo ^ lntDself ^ tv apeakio ^ of ;^^ hisns ^^ n the shape ^ IHuiiriMV mum i 1 iliuii yte ? ihefQaveeriT « representative , he oe ^ ke ^ tfe » o * friaadly ai ^ con&ie ^^ of opening hhnseV with frankness to her BritaBBteASajeMT ^ beuue do * ^ oa » tb * ' 1 » re » i ^ - ^ atwever . it «« l * h ^ miim ^ & ^ i ' sb ^ i ^ i ^ ttaaM ^ ' » ( i ^ o «^ itito ;* iei *> : » ewet >* & > nmi ^ if !? i ^ Wim iei ^ i ^ a ^^ nrt ^ . w ^ Mrti ihr wrth ^ Fower ^ iw ^ ko fc stio

      ^ erejb ^ tji ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^ ? J ! S ?^^ S » teakrte ^ ^^ mm ^^^ t ^ m ^ -W & ^^ ia& ^ a ^^^ kxd * i » iwi ; ii ^«» mi ^; if uw ^^ e ^^ ' ^¦ ^^^¦ ^ Ik ^ B ^ Ml ^^^^ fl ^^ l ^ H '^ li ^ f'LBkMMWvj ' V ^ £ ^ D ^^^ tm ^^^*^^ ± ' 1 ^ K ««^ 3 X A' JM—L _^ A»—^ TfWTWHi' ^ Trw *^ BI" ¦ TWrHHWniTTij ^^ KlWrWwr ^ wv fAUnBB 9 BH- t * w ^ ' *« B--^ jjlitllilpippidie ^ JBter-^¦^^ ft (^ 1 otti ^ r 4 he "p ^ Ottansaa Jj ^ c ^ AwkleBB tht % is- b « t aa tt « Krtai « «» d remote tMaafgm ^^^ ^ of -it ; canwrt * e &bd ^^' a ^ ^^« alcrisli ^ hM % » M't « TC ^ d ^ it immu ^ BU Bat after al ly tisay faapp « ii ~ bappepjv eirTiafStMUfMStfS' ' ^ VTltliOTjft-ltiButJtttAiligJtte tyn % mcraten ^ cxatises ^ fti ^ t ^ i ^ tm ^ K ^^^^^^^^^^ Lw BwA ^^^ BHehi **^^^^ vImV tf ^^^^^*^ *^ tfM ^^^^^ ^ A |^^^^^^^^^ A ^_^ iyiM ^ fc ^ . ' wA ^ l tt ^^^ ' ^^ Sttft ^ H ^ B ^ A ^ B ' 4 SSb ^ K ^^^ MtoV ^ M I Mid M ^^ mmMMt ^^^

      ' it % «^< fc inTthort 4 «^^ which TM&d % ota ^ riH-th « ir * emtig ^ om da the ordinaryhtufofSB of i * i * Q £ a ^ . B ^ t ^^ o £ Frii ^ j ^^ iwy ^ werthelesai ^ ri og <* war , « adwiiii war tbnean-¦ awqttirftiya' ^ ftich :- ^ & ^ ih ^ tri ^ b ^^ 0 i ^ f < SBim' ^ if , for 'Hiftaiee ^ in J ^ e a ^ r ^ We-b 6 lyJpw ?« si jfa aaumr-jmrmpn M& W&iwtoiisBS'w ^ iiiicejnmtknmtHo pn » s'Tiponthe Tme , % K # MOtxmfel it t ( y « ftt ^ ni *; » H « atiafte tion , ' « Bd ^ ~ on ^ e other hand ; the reBgwoa « e * tunents of the orthodooc ~ fiinks ; r ' <^ S ^ ed ^ by 'the « aa « Msioii 8 made to the -Lmtms , jt ^ oH \ 6 'T ^ ao -th e'fmmgPBe ^ Mrjority ^ Ins subjects against tfc&fftltim . iAs-regards the < affikir of Montenegro , that , ac-- ^ araiB tf "to the ^ late aooonntSiifitfrbaDDiJv'be looked unwn aa

      ¦» t $ Q&& . But atthetime ^ that'the Emperor had hisintevriew inn SBrHarinltion Seymour , & m ^ j ht fee apprehended : that ^ feie qtresti an would tain a most senoos tarn . Neither ourselves nor Anstiia « ouW 'have allowed the protracted devastatkth or forced subnunaion of Montenegro , a country which , vpto tbe present time , h « s continued actually independent dt the Porte , a country over which oar protection haa been extended fVw -more than a century . Tlie horrors which are comhritted there , those ' whibh , b y Ottoman fanaticism , have ft ^ nott t » tae- « ince-been e ^ tenflea over Bulgaria , Bosniai ^ and tfM'XEersegirnne , gave the other Christian provinces » f the Porte only" too mtK * reason < o anticipate . that tlie sanae < fiite awiitedHhem . They were « alcnlated to provoke the e-meral

      xitmertf "tho Christians "who live under the sceptre « f the TiirMBh _ Einpire j and to hasten its ruin . It is not then , by aay ^ imeaifs ; an ldto and imaginary question , a coutingenoy too remote , to which the anxiety of the Emperor has called the attention of ike Queen Jiia 'ally . ** Tn'tlie 4 ace of the uncertawty and decay of the eausting State'of tlirngs-in Turkey , tjlie English Cabinet expresses the desire that the . greatest forbearance should be ihown towards the Porte . The Emperor is conscious of never having acted otherwise . Tiie'Engltph Cabinet itself admits it . It addresses to the Emperor , with reference to the numerous proofs of moderation which . lie haa given up to the present time , praises which his Majesty will not accent ,

      because hi that he has only listened to his own overbearing conviction . But , in order that the Emperor may continue to concur in that system of forbearance , to abstain from any demonstration—from any peremptory language— -it would be necessary that this system should be equally observed by all the Powers at once . France has adopted another . By menaces slie obtained , in opposition to the letter of the treatieB , the admission of a sfirp of the line into the Dardanelles . At the cannon ' s mouth she twice presented her claims and her demands for indemnity at Tripoli , and afterwards at Constantinople . Apon , in tho contest respecting the holy places , by menace she affected the abrogation of the firman van « l that of the solemn promisea which the Sultan had giwen th * Etnporor . With rogard to ail theao ecta of violence England observed « complete silence . She neither

      Untitled Article

      mm Ht . LEAD Em . GSatuhoat ,

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), March 25, 1854, page 270, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2031/page/6/