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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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fidtt * , tfceislaymg < rf ( pwa < ioers m colai Wood , saftethaes i ^* e ^« o « 8 ew ^; i ^ dthe aaft * y of cwpfews , tie d « - ¦ trwejtlon ef 0 no $ ev baromg « f tow « w , a ^ dotber acebrapani M M * of actnal war * *** vividly described by the reverend preacher *} # ** " »* & tfce nantier of the -strife , which tie ce »~ tmiaA was with its object alike imnKwaland demoralising . 3 & » . » ext tiling to , consider * as » ke * r the- strife of " tlfe yrfairta of the « arth" ooold be abated In the ftrart pUce 4 fali ifMVfA ^ t tiuut Wnif ^ ressedalhoBie , bat for tie exist-. ttffc'CE much tb « £ ravetiameafc would sever vesta ** upon jj frai ^ itadJtbisftoaU best Iw-done 4 jy * , vider ditfuswt * of * fce H&wpel ; of . Chris * , *» d hy £ lwwh ] g haw directly opmesefl * w * % r that Gospii t © « J 1 TMtr . With regard to tfce position « f 4 fceToxkish > pooler & « doabted'whctW it would make any
. dttecence t *> Uiemit jstcaoias were to succeed to tnetnu WKntTof his atnbitiou * rad . bettne 4 heir emperor . Bad -Eatikey mro » gbbj <> tit hue jornn awsowraes there would < bav * jb » wtiBO pretext for the Unjperxw of Russia ^ or any other gewer ^ W iti te rftvfa to days « f old Turkey inva d ed Russia attdiamqaevedit , « ad lMkd « fc& availed herself < rf tho tmeam Of-4 finprdtsBienfe > 4 ad progr « s 8 lieliad » ti « a-disposal < al » JlU ^ t JWM { ip ^ erfol'i )< mr- « s rite ^ ras tbesa ; but * 6 fitraa- we lMnt « otMSerjH « di it mattered littio who * alfed in Turkey « f 4 b BufcWhvuJBfesiBigbt foatfeed whether ha would » ofc Ijsto ^ w dflidttd ^ oBt ^^^^ torea ^ wkether hie woaW advocate our id * . inti ^ 4 lM « jwre ^ sions ; m tiie enemy by our silenco and ^ pHffli > lijBip ^ ,, li ^ tn * stTto ? ieBgi 6 tJS means abnetfo r . © u * defence ? Bfcli&vpcafccd &ds tach * absurd views . ( He considered tlort
ff « i ^^ tttrt 3 iadi * jSgbt ** tafee care of its ow ^ rti .. He would ittkuftamttbeSirnif to * national police fcwoarvproitaction , ad lw * r « c ^ employ them to seize tke robbefc > wti& ; i « aiiw awas&ths aaas t $ , robVf As ^ as he wonld - s * iz © 'the « picJcpocket t ^ tedndtftvaared to rob him in : the streetSi Tb * tfteaee Socfatjfe « u >^ fce& . > n ^ la s that » nation afcouldAofc ^ jmtectkitBelf , atiy more thsatthatla staa&iioaid not protect himself , feat .. they could see . tno ^ reaabai-wby ^ wjWies-betireBU nations . should not be settled by arbitration as aSputeS . fetWeeto ihcUviddftlsin '^ ocifcty were settled by arbitraftotu ' With the vrewa 1 m eiitei-tainei he wuid not join in theprayer for victor ^ , r 5 * i « t cerdW Aot ^ TFftpiJn God to knkmith grace andfavoarjoaifche deeds : of darkness iie . had diiaMbfedV add Which from * wartaad Amies-w * fc . inseparable -
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' m jj | yfe ( tli » £ bacfc rfjt ^ J 3 a » ktoffEagUund theieis , every 3 &iMfa ^« 4 ect » tetfeliv « re& to' sucli as izray attend , «» H « d < th « XJoiden I > ecture . The lecturer is the jJ | $ § i || HM he * odk o < i < m JHpitr ^ jjr eifctt 6 i ^ . ttfe" B ^ lyctf ^ "wiifcJi resonhaflesl iri aSl TOWj ^^ -lS ^ li'B ; fi > U ^ '' iBK tfay " . Hia diBCo 6 r 8 e-ia ; ihere-Ibi ^ hqtpiit of ^ lace , especially when we , consider the ^ aiiiibB ^ K p ^ i ^ n ^ Bk _ text . wa » the 4 th ; ver | 8 eof the jjM ^ iinjter o 4 " j ^ aiah , — ? ' They ^ hall 4 } eat theiF swords fialo ^ { doo ^ btshai « B , pandvtheii ; epe » r » 4 nto pmiMog IkoblE ^ i'iistioii ' shall not -li £ t up sword a ^ aiiifit ^ natioB , « eit ) Ker « ball : they < leS 3 fa war aay ; raorei" The near tt&Mtoacfc'of ^ the X ^ egislature f < w « rt ^ ptiTpose of tiatiooal hamiliation rendered it fit « IM # MMti «^ a ^ dre ^^ M 0 ^ ot £ to ^ ir ^ % fitir 8 ri )^ l ^
loam w « r « ay an < M « i" Th « y eaw , then , tlwir great flrftj « s cooaeobed with the public TiTmviuftrion . Tkat duty was to spread Chriatiaoi ^ y 4 and , if thej would spread tlie Gospel ( tt CThrfat , the fitst tblog -was to give it sway in their own hearts . The Almighty seemed provoked by allowing an exhibition 6 f » ggrP 8 Siveness oa Vhb part of one great despot to force on tis war ; and there was too much cause to tear tibat our resources would be drained , the blood of -our ! bfest ftna'trarre ^ t ^ St , civiKfiatloft assailed , and even Christianity blackened by crertrages wronght in her Tiame . Let them * -r « ti 5 fnfeif hearts , and notthetr tarmeitta ^ anS the peasants ' music tniglit agaon eotmfd bEthety on out * hills and in our ralleyS , tbe pestilence go from our cities anid our villages , the war cry be hushed , and all r 5 ie various businesses 6 f me be pUedby a rejoicing and utdttfttrious tiopnlation .
# ^ e « tej ^ si ( t * a ; Wp a ^^^ d ^ meconderised ^ assageB $ li ^ J ( S # w $ ^ 4 ?\ - ¦¦ . , •' ,.. . «' , ¦ ,.... \ : ^^^ l » t < a ^ BUiioing fjrom dwi aluag oa ! th » -war in twhich , fche ^ atioa h « d ; aii 9 i ^ QdV , it ^ roald be , « n 1 encoiiranen » eBit > and , « cliBMrinjtvt | iin ^ pat ^;» th e Jjra ^ r » hot ^ q ^ MVjdkOifbiok iwd ^ ptheiurofa- ^ bi ^ ed ^ iwe when ; its thunddjaa jhowduio-lili ^ e ^ sa ^ uJte t 4 ii « creatian . It was worth ob > M ^ n ^ tbAfe the ^ words * ' they shall beat their sw ^ eds into plougttwiave&'' * bowad that iwnoan industry would be a ^ tghtiffea tare , ia ; tha * happy state -when &U wurn should ^ aveiteviniaat ed . Indeed , throughout th « © ible . there was s-jaamftateiucfiDibMflfi to , « e ^ resent labour as ti » e » pppiut-f Sl « nCt - ; ofiQ « d .. Tke » necessity tor industry whidh was imposed men was the
fl ^ Oualmost «* ery ( chu »^ of great safeguwd of Mtciety , aad , « t 4 ; ho s « n « time , tl » e source of its chuef oroa-Snentoraad CoDdforis . J £ was not by destroying labour , if iadoeoiithstr ^ wflKA ( possible , as some theorists would suppose , that weiabotfld increase tho sum of human happiness , ; but fcy producing a more / ecpjitable distribution of labour and •^ curing thoroughly to every mas the just fruits of hie industry . : And -while labour in one form or another was larded -on all the families of the globe , while the -whole rth might be likened to one busy hive , in which « ach ,, if ho i would obtain subaietence , must seek it throngh some Measure of toil , it must , iadeed , be & gratifying annouacetnent to all who " aaaued their bread by the sweat £ their brow * ' to find fchat when & time was pointed out wi ) en < th » whole world would be delivered from all that
had kindced with evil , it should , nevertheless , be so covened with a working -populutiom that " swoeds were tflbo beaten ii » to ploughshares and spears into pruning fcbftka / ' " Nation shftll not lift up sword against cation . TiteKoiAeM . t showsd that the reason for this conveimion of titeninstrnments of < vmr into the implements of husbandry was the spread of Christianity . Toe tendency of fche 'religion if Jcsusi ^ ws to bind th . o whole world in brotherhood , and , a wKxldioftTuefGbristiaos would bo one « onvpnot and affectionate ^ Onily , every 'member of which would feel himself » member f every mthen . And af the households of the eartlk were knit together'by the-close bonds of love , there would be no place lbi * war and its thunders would bo finally hualiexl . Ic was
• bitter tiling to think how tiie siuaple want of Oliristiun principles in some one individual might li ght up the smothered flame of war , and let loose over half tho globe the ministry of manage . . Look at hintory , and what but the ¦ nprincipled and insatiable ambition of acme mouaroh—* n actmitwm which he could not have entertained bad Chriatiamty been lodged in his heart—liad given rise to those rtraRpica which bad « uade the earth tramble , and which could no * bo quieted till whole provinces had been deluged with blood 1 Political , considerations , the poverty of » n exohequor , or the influence of Bomo one or two masterminds , might cause tlu » t , for a time ' nation Bliould not lift no swor < l against nation ; " but Christian principloa , universally acknowledged and acted upon , -would effect the fulfilment of tho last part ol the prophecy-, — " Neither shall they
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THE SCOTCH FAS 1 ? . I ^ e Presbyterian sacramental fast day , ivhidh . was to have , been Held , as liswal , on the laat Thursday of tittis month , was « hange < i to Wednesday , in order to coidoide with thetjiational fast day . The passage of arms betw « eu IfOrd Jlalraerston and the jPrfesbytery of iRdinbur ^ b : is still ( remembered ^ as thefollofring j * ii * d ' eapritm ! t ( lnMeBt- < - "! THB FASTS . . " Quid oaMBto est . merito quin illis JapiteJr auihas Iratus buecas inflet , npque se forx posthar TCam faclVem dicat , vatis ut prsebeataurem T Hon Sat . I ., 90 . * ' the Pharisees wanted a iasi , Lord ralmerston would not consent 4 ilow tbej ' ve ; got what tliey ' waoted-at last , . How . £ > tli they all-seem to repent . . 141 Wh » t te shifting « f days ; wlMtn they-ought Tofcwp iwo ^ ays , how eager they run To Wrv-eCol'wini / what doats tliera nought , BykeepiofglttietwodaysinoneJ ! " ' ' ' M&Minti Chronicle .
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; ¦> ' -. .. « C ® NTOIBa ! rT&l * W 03 « Si - ¦ * ' . A ( 3 AJ * f , '«^ & to nroci tie . riublfe impatience , there is little ! ini ^^ eefi&Mtt i 3 i 6 ; se * t « f war : indeed , TitUe intelCgence of ^ y ^ MOroih ahroafl . ' ' ' e iFroirn IJarSeilteB , liord Raglan railed hast Saturday in the (^ wfc ^ after har&g assisted at a review of the ' Trthch tfoo ^ cpBfectedthere and Waiting for transports , by Marshal S > Aruaud . 1 'he marslial saw'tlte British cliiet 6 aTjoard tie ^ r «^ oc , but drdiiot ^ n himself Qnlil ^ ethMsaay . Tie JPtfench Baltic dt > ie £ , milder the corrimaAd W "Vlce-Adrrirril I * aTseva 3-De ^ ch 3 tie $ , j # hich Wfs pni § flniday off Fljthottth on its way to the titilf of ^ Wknd- is obrj ^ posed of the IbHowkig vessels : —Tage , lt ) 0 \ gains 4 H ^ wulei IJJlO i Jfettjtoat |> ea , tOft ; Breakw , S 1 f ); Dagoesclm , ^ 0 ; TnSttexJble ' gtTi- ^ perre ; « 0 ; Trtdenr ,, aOV Serimi | ahtie ; , 60 ; j >^ rotaiqit i « 0 : Vengeance , ' fefli ^ oursifivin ^ e , 50 ; Yitgiriie
, 50 ; Jjfenoble , SQ | Psychg , 40 ; Darien , iteain ~ frigjifc « , 14 ; PMegeton ^ steam-corvettes , i 0 ; ' Soufflemr , dtttp , ' 6 } and Mflah , XuciFer , Aigle , and Dahn , sttiall steamers , A body ^ 'irifetttry' and marine artillery is on " board this squadron . I The ^* s » rli tW a . 00 , had already joined Sir Charles Napier . The French naval forte \ n theBlack Sea , under the comnWffd ^ ofVicfe-Admiral . Trammeh ' n . ia now composed of the tiMiktidL * i $ 0 jguiis ; Mainly , 12 f 0 ; Villa aOartk 120 ; ffeni-y TV ., lt ) D ; Bayard ,, 90- ; Charlemagne I ^ screw ) , 90 ; ilSna , 9 ( 0 : Jupiter , 90 ; Iflarengo , 80 . SteaWi-ifacates—Gdnier , IB ; De ' scartes , 20 ; Tautkn , 2 Qj Trader , 84 ; CacHjue , 14 ;' Magellan , 14 ; San § , 14 ; . CatOn , steam-corvette , ! 4 j } Sfirieuse , saiUnj ^ di tto , ' 30 ; Mercufe , Olivier , and Beauf niandir ; 20 , jgtt 3 i- 'br& 8 ; 'GeVf-. lO . fiun-brw : ; Pkometlifee ,
Salaniaridre , HeFon , and Monette , ' 8 r i » all scanners . The sqjoaarbn of Vlce-A . aiiural IBWa ' t , intended to act in the ^ Btack Soa , the . sea of GalUpolija ' nd iii , £ he Eastern Archipelago , cowprlftes the fotloWinir vessels :-r-Mdh'tel ) eIlo ,. 120 : cuns ; Napoleon CscreW ) , 92 ,: 'Suftrfflo , 90 ; Jean'Bart Csorew ) , 90 : Ville deMarseille , 80 ; Alger , SO ; Pomone Cscrew ) , 40 ; dknkrelltj steam-friga'te , 14 ; Kolaad and Primauguet , steamcorvettes , 8 guns each . Independently of these three squadrons , and all the frigates , or steam-corvettes , which are assembled in the Mediterranean for the transport of the army or the East , all the naval stations in the West Indies , the Pacific Ocean , the Indo-China Seas , and in all quarters , "where the fisheries are carried on , have been reinforced . France has now a'ffioat in different seas * &pVODO sailors . An Imperial ( French ) decree allows Hussian ships ,, which left ports in the Baltic and . the White Sea before the 15 th
inst . j . to discharge and return to any Ihissian open port , or neutral harbour , without hindrance . The English Government , it Is said , have oome to a similar determination . The Paris JPresse tells a singular story . It narrates that " some years since the Emperor Nicholas , acting himself as cicerone , conducted an English admiral over the fortifications of Oronstadt , when the following conversation took place ;—'You will admit , admiral , that this is a magnificent fortress and as impregnable as Gibraltar ? ' * Oh , sire , no fort but Gibraltar is impregnable . ' 'What , then , is your opinion of Cronstadt ? ' ' It is a good fortress and one difficult to t * lco * Yes , doubtless , difficult . ' ' It coald not be done with fifteen ships . ' ' Could it be done wit'h twenty ? ' ' Not easily . ' 'With twenty-five ? ' ' It would take a fortni ght . ' ' With thirty-five ? ' r Oli , your majesty , fifteen hours 1 ' ^' One squadron is to be added to all the cavalry regiments , and it in reported that France will scud 150 , 000 men to Turkey .
The Monileur of Sunday coutained the following imperial decree , promulgating tho convention of alliance between France and England ;—Napoleon , by the grace of Qod and the national wilL , Emperor of the French . lo all present and to oome , greeting : —On the reodrt of our Minister Secretary of State to the J > epartment of Foreign Affairs ,
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Turninc to Germany , we find the most important intelligence to do the signing of the offensive and defensive treaty between Austria und Prussia . What are the provisions of tliat / treaty ? We have seen some able guesses in the journals , but no authentic statement . The guesses are , first this of the trustworthy Paris correspondent of the Morning Chronicle : — ' * The treaty lays down that the operations of war under- * taken by Austria must bo concerted beforehand with Prussia , whose consent will be a necessity . This is tlio general rule ; but an exception is made in the following case : —Austria is to hnvo liberty of action , as far as sio may consider advisable , in the Danubian provinces : that is
to say , that tlie Emperor of Austria is so fur master that he is empowered , without the consent of Prussia , to make tho only war that he i 8 really lflc «? ly to make in "the present state of affairs , and certainly the only one that France and England could wish him to undertake ; and that , as respects Prussia , he is only to be bound to deliberate with thut Power with respect to ulterior operations , of which tlio bearing or necessity cannot at present bo < : nlculabed . For tUis latter event , should t !>« necessity arise , Austria id to provido an army of 150 , 000 men , and l ' ruaaia in to support her with 100 , ( yOD men . "
Another guess is as follows : — " 1 . ( Juarantoos for tlio maintenance of tho existing ten itorinl limits of both great Powers . ' 2 . Maintenance or resolutions on tho basis or the Vienna Conference and mutual engagements to protect
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We have decreed and do decree N *>( follows : Att . 1 . A treaty of alHouoe having toeea Aigwit at London on the 10 th of the present month « f AprH < between Flrance ' and England with tine view of sustaining the Otftoirmu empire against the aggression of the empire of RussU ^ thi * convention having been ratified by the ttv-o contiwcting ^ Swrtea-hments , and the respective « cts of ratafioation hftTcng bedn exchanged on the 15 th of the £ mne roontiiof April , tfa « aid treuta ^ , ihe tenor of which follow * , will receive its fuil < and entire ex . ecntion :
CJinsvJEisrioN . Tlieir Majesties ihe Queen of the United totugdbm of Great Britain and Ifetend and the Emperor of tfee French , haviiig resolved to afford then- supports to lite Majesty the Sultan Abdul M / edjid , Enrperor < rf the Ottomans , h \ the war irhioh he is mm maintaining aggaiust the aggressions of Russia , and being onoreovef-compeUed , notwithstanding their siaceM and ¦ persevering efforts to pi-assrve the peace , to become themselves betiigerest parties m & war which , without their active Intervention , would hsrrfe endattgered the « xistea «« of ibto £ uropean b * kmce of power , » ad the interests of tAieir own states ^ have ^ iq : oonBeqtience , resolved to rtonclude a- OftnTentaom iutiendied to naufe otct th « olwect of in
their aihance , p d also- the nuaos W be esmplo ^ ed unison to accomplfeh it . And have for t&is purpose tutmed ^ tsihek rJenibotenlitfries : . - Her M « jestyii * fei ^ ueeu ef «!•«»«« ntam « ftd Ireland , the Bight HonouratfetGeorgj e WillUm ftoderidk , Batrl of- Ohtrendm , ¦ . - ¦ f € x . her BritawiK M * j « sty ' s PrincipaS Secretary of Slate fw . tho Foreign'DepwJtnunat ; : Asdbb Majesty the fimpeyop of the French , X * tSienr AlexandreColoanaComte Walowski , &c ., his Ambtuteador to her Britannic Majesty ; Which plempcitostiaries , huviag reciprocally communicated and autaenticated their fall powers , bare agreed to aad signed the ( following articles . r s , v ' ¦ :
. Art . 1 . The high contracting parties imd . themselves to do their utmost to effect the re ^ estabfishment of peace between Russia and the SdbliiiB Porte upofi a solid and durable basis , and to secure Etiropa againat the reettrrence of the hunent&blc complications ^ vhich hare just , now so tmimppiiydi ^ tUTb ^ the general peace . ! , ' . Art . 2 . "The Intfecrity $ t the" Tjttbman Ertnrare'b ^ i ug ^ violatedW the occupation o ? the IJrovinces of SKldavIa and of Wallachia , and by other movements of Russian troops , their Majesties the Qneen of the United Kingdom , tif < 5 reat Britain and Ireland and the Emperor ^ f the Trehe ) t IhaVe concerted and will concert upon trie ineans the moflt " pr oper to free the territorV of the Sultan from ftsrefaa invasion , and
to 'attam the object specified in . Art . ' 1 , and they engage to tfiaantain for tfag purpose , according to the necessities ' 0 ? , the wa ^ r , to be judged of hy conanofflQonseDti linaitarviattd : naval fdrces sufficient to meet the * eniergency , apl of whfcji subsdquent arrangements will determine , ' if thete 1 >' e occasion , the quality , number , landdestination . ' / ' ' ' "Art . 3 . Whatever eveflt may aTiseiniron ^ eqxietitte of 'fliB ereetrtion of this convention , the high coatracting parties bfjifl . themselves not' to accent ahy dyertuTe ; tr ^ nyWojposifibi , ' fbr the ' 'Cessation' f lrostdHfesr ' and Ti 6 t' to ^ m ^ r into any engagement-fcritlh the Imperial'Cdurt'cif ttussia iviUhoot having previotiBly deliberated in commoti . Art . 4 . Animated with the desire to preserve - tfee Etitopeah balance of power , and seeking no self-uifcerestfid ofbject , tHe high contracting parties renounce beforehand the acquisition of any special advantage frorhtlie events which
m » y occur . Art . 5 . Their Majesties the Queen of 1 ? he XJiiited KSngdunn of Si-eat Britain aiid If eland-a . trd the Emperor of tliei ^ reiicli will receive with readiness into their Jilmace , to co-operate for thfe propose-a object , the ; 6 Hrer Powers t » f Europe vrho may he wflfing'to jom it . Art . 6 . Thejnresent convenfionBhan . bB ratified , and th . c ratifications exchanged at London within eight days . In witness vyhereof the respective Plenipatentfaries hare signed the same and affixed Hieir Seals . Done at London , the 10 th of April , 1854 . Clakendost , ^ y at . K"Wflit 1 Art : 2 . Onr Minister and Secretary of State for the I > epartment of Foreign Affairs is charged with the esecatfaon of the nresexrt decree . Done at Paris , April 21 , 1 S 54 , Napoueox . Seen and sealed with the State Seal , By the Emperor . The Keeper of the Seals , Tile Minkter of Minister of Justice , Foreign Affairs , ( Signed ) Abbatucci . ( Signed ) DRoTTra Dk Lhtjis ,
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mo J $ H E LEADER . CSa * ujid av ,
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Leader (1850-1860), April 29, 1854, page 390, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2036/page/6/
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