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Leader (1850-1860), 24th June 1854, Edition 1 of 1, Page 579

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      fwupos * of cawyfeg into effect the design which he then c&ntenrqplated ; and he expressed himself in these terms : — ' Our -ppHqr »* st fce to maintain a reserved and prudent attitoda until the moment arrives-for Russia to vindicate her rights , » nd for the rapid action which * be will be obliged to adopt . The war ought to take Europe by surprise . Our flaoveraents must be prompt , so that the other powers should fltrd it impossible to be prepared for the blow that we are about to strike . ' That is just the policy -which Russia is likely to pursue if she is restored , whatever may be the events of the present war , to the position vlrich she occupied at the-conclusion of the treaty of Adrianople . " In pursuing this subject , Losd Lyndfrnrst narrated how , at tbetimfc of the great-Greek insurrection theEmperor of fiossia

      , dissatisfied with the conduct of the other powers of £ uTope , directed Count Nesselrode to write to " the different Russian ambassadors at th * Ecfropean Courts , inquiring what coarse they were likely to take if he entered the Principalities with a view to coerce Turkey . He wanted to know , in the first place , what course they were likely to adopt indrridnally , and in the second place , what probability tiiere was of any Concert between them . The answers are interesting : " £ echap » the most interesting is that < if € ount Pcmbbo di Borgo , who «« tends his observations to all the principal powers < tf Earopfl . He begins ficst with England ^ and in answer to the question of what England will do , Count Pozzo diBovgo says' : — 'England has recovered front . her financial and commercial . crisis . She is in a condition tojro tr » w » r .

      She tieraaps inay oppose you , and maybe able to do you considerable mischief on ti » e sea , but not a . mischief that Is aftogeOterirretnevable . With r-egatd-to ler military forces ,, sae « an do nothing . She cannot oppose toe match of your arttteS f and therefore I submit that the-Emperor has nothing tDrtfeafe from Engliasfr * He next g 8 e& *« F ** Qee ' l an&afterlaviaTriegpseme abuse upon the mini 9 tew he « nswe ^ 8 th *<< iue 8 * ion of * h « Franco is cabbie of domg in the Mltntiagtetms : — ' Ae ^ to itbe ^ iiarine of . Fraooey ft w « ttld ta ; of ? tf nnportiaee 1 whatever ; because everything that- eouk&be ^ OBe by , naval forces-would be effected by Engjandy "With regard tfe her inwifery . fOTce ^ h ^ int ^ nat condition would preventvher sending them against us ; ancT , ' Besides , 'h ex armies well krftw- 'wien they come into eoi&acib with ours What ther

      have to ^ x ^ eetJfA'lawfh . y My lords , wo shaU'See what'the * rtsmh of that will be . Count Pozzo di Borgo having stated his opinion witfc respect to sEngland afrdTrance , and having come to the conclusio * that evwa if « tfted together they cannot by any ; possib » lity pr * irent theac 6 oBJpn » hmetit cf the projects of Russia , then , proceeds to Aostria , and aftdr expressing the utmost , rage and indignation against Prince Imttier aich , who at that time w ^ sansjoos to form an alliance between the Four Powers , against Kassian ambitkn , he goes" on to say * - ^ To every cprirffcry war Is a calamity ; to Austria ft is certain ruin . ' The result , tiherefoce , of his ebnsSaeratiotis and his advice was , that the Emperor might ptfoseeuttt bis design without * 4 ay seeming embarrassment , because ttoaetff those powers , either colwetivelir or

      iadivrduriiy , would be able to oppose bna wtth ^ access . Bfeeh is the polity , the caution , the perpetual activity of '^ Bassia , always ; bent , upon increasing hex power—somethdes toysiletft means , sometimes by falsehood stad tticketty v iand > sometimes by Gr een vielende , as in the case to which I have referred . But T > efore I go further t most xefet itp ^ Prussia * . I -quite forig * t Prussia . I do not wish , to read all the remarks of CbttirtfpBZZodiBtorgo wi'ffi regard * to Pruseia . They might weakteit-some very tetfder'friend ^ hips at the present moment . It bwbe » n « aid , I know not ? t « th : what troth , that a .

      lordships , howeven , that the cohesion between Rvlsaia and Praasia- it of long standiug . Count Poazo di- Borgo says , with regard to Prussia : ¦— 'Being less jealousy and consequently more impartial , has eonarantfly slown by h * r opinions that she lias a just idea- of the nature and importance of the affairs of the East , and if the 'Court of Vienna had shared lier views and her good intentions , there can be no doubt that the titans of the Imperial Cabinet Would , have been accomplished . I may say this very moment , ( itajfc if the Cabinet of Vienna had Shared ' the views ant ^ i ^ ooa inteitiona' of Prussia some Short time back , the objects of Russia- might have been accomplished . "

      These opinions afford as a satisfactory lesson on the precautions which we ought to exercise , and the apprehensions we ought always to entertain with respect to the proceedings of the Court of St . Petersburg in relation to Turkey . Lard XiYOTDHimsa then wound up hi » speech thus : — * Now , my lords , there is another point for cansidoratioTo , and it is this . It may be said that we are not to bo satisfied by tlie mere evacuation of the Principalities- ^ that we mtist have ah effectual guarantee , without which we cannot 'be safe in future ; but that if the integrity of Turkey is secured , and an effectual guarantee obtained , we may then return to the status quo ante helium , without any apprehension as to the consequences . Now , my lords , let me ask

      this question—what is an effectual guarantee ? Would the guarantee of the Four Powers suffice ? What would be the effect of such an arrangement ? The guarantee of the Four Potters , as long as they were united , as long as they held together , as long as they did not quarrel upon other lmportaOt- matters , would , of course , be valid ; but , in other circumstances , it would be of no use whatever . How can you have a guarantee from Russia ? She will not acnvplo to break through any engagement or troaty whioh she may make . 1 look upon a guarantee or treaty with Ifiussia w petfectly valueless—aa not worth tlio paper on which it

      wdalfl'be written . Look at her whole conduct , and if any person can be rash enough to pnt faith in the engagements of Russia , contrary to her own views and interests , lie must be rash indeed . The first tiring which I recull to rny recollection is what took place between Sir Hamilton tteymour nud Count Nessulrodo . Our active , intelligent lato minister at Russia hud board from different quarters of the collection and concentration of troops 071 the fronLiors of Turkey . He was quite satiafied with the authority from whom he recoiveu the information , and ho applied to CouiU Nfsselrodo , who , without scruple , contradicted the Htatomont . ' You aro totally mistaken , ' he euid : ' do not believe all you hear ,

      « r evefr what yon see ; tbetworewentof th « army fenothing more Chan the change of position nstutl at this time of the year . I can assure yon , yoa are misled . ' Sir H . Seymour , in writing to my noble friend the then Secretary < Jf State for Foreign Affairs , said that it was Impossible for him to reconcile what he had heard and knew from sffl < nsatt « ts with this assurance . Is this diplomacy ? Is this a system or a gWBrnmenfc upon whoso asserances ' yon c « n p face tire slightest reliance ? I remember some time ago heamig some remarks on the subject of the confidence which ought to be placed , in carrying on these negotiations , on the assurances of the high personages with whom they were negoiiattng I recollect my noble friendt , whose elcxjueHce I ilwny& admire , was most eloquent in his declaration in favorer of this confidence . H « said-confidence between peWoin nx high station was bonotirable , and that they « uglit t ( r % e greatly influenced by considerationis tX 'iionotrr . Stf f 3 « r as

      relates to confiAeuce . in prrttite nfe , I admit it is-of tlte highest importance that sucht confidence trhould exist , fitit when great interests are at « tafce-, 4 nd ttm happlneBs df millions is depending upon thre Teault , whoft you ore < M ^ Aoying powerful and mighty agents to -ptoteet ' "fooce % est > ittterests , give me leave to say that e ^ o ^ on- ^ extreTW rtfcit- * tion—and jeftlousy are the fetieJs of y « rdes fiolffing lr % and responsdble ^ positions . ^ C % wy » . ) TfhW old PfirfStftfe ^ tary word ? jealousy * is nvtr C ^ nslBgred ir ttnroy » r y ttttfr % i modem stibstitute is forsai Tat it in rile # ord < wriflffiftnW' - But if in smaller matters "jetOonsV' w « h coxteiiered esagtttial , how much more necestsa *? is Its fe * e « SSer ' when the * interests of miHidn * are ait- stake , ahd'fhe HKsrrWof «« S ( rtkind snd the TOd ^ pendeflce of natioteJ hsing ' upbn ' rlje ' Btttrt ^ ^

      ( Cheers . } < 3 < mfideiwe , Wfldrfs , too ^ ft « n genWatct creAthtv—a foeltt g not creoitiiWe to ' . - * tafe * ttap ibr'tn&Mfes . ; ( @ieers . y -f ^ e Bfetory oT 1 SloSsfs , 'fAvH' } tM { -&mit etm--blishineht of iht * empire flowH 1 ^ the . p ^ e ^ la a W ^ . tory of fraud , duplicity , and violea « e ; - ^ tf' the pflSt ' conluct correspsttdi m S *» n » aott irttt ; wlwl ^^ l % seei now going ou int . tkMt remfftra ^ ^ ctMaa ¦ jHovdwirou * : * ifl establishing the Greefi : Church in Turkey , and Cstherinef declared herself the prdte < & < £$ & of ~/ file Greek Ohucch in , Po-Imd . By means of that ca ^ firih and ttkat- proctectara ^ a she fomented religions dias «( i * ioi »> iflttJ » 'l ^ t ^ om , She stirred-up political strife aad sbeihwrcbtd'hw art « i « into-th * c * Wl » try under the ^ eteweriiMBajS ^ iiheaertittwito the kingdom of iU-fai * es * fi || ro * inc « i « n 4 , w » « Ub'knofr thexefsult . In mora reoent timeB ^ the whole om&el , < t £ XufMaii

      policy has been the i ? amef , She agreed tjy tiwat ^ wkh ^ 3 ' / 0 tkey to respect fihe ^ independence , of ! ithe ' ^^ iefc ,.. WJ » en there , her agents stirred ap . jnsump&on . M tprbanoes , atid whefi %% | M # f # ** & 'iD& % p ^ ih ( 8 &tit $ & 'ot wet most barBarotts tffifierftlB' intb' ttttt " < Wutitryj trttiNKf % a the iubabitantt , ntA anfteited «» Grfrtift' to her Wwn ' rerr } - tory . M the santte tiitt * a W of Aips weW ^ fc <* a across to prevoirt thft ^ brk * affbrd 4 a * ' ;« 9 jy wsstolaBeV , and all this thnej while tiMSiiwasujgofe ^^ on ^ isot ortjr was sh& at peace witk XBrfceyy : * ufc " was ; actwdlf negotiating a commerpial ; treaty . / 1 »»^ -tb »* powefc . Mark well the IiifiMpXffitthe ^ ransactiMi . ( jgfam . yii seems an hereditary Ytce ^ among these barbarous jj ? Lsiia 4 ica—^ b is characteristic of Asiatic barbarians . Sfc . Peierabikre is to all

      intents a Tobolsk , and if ncit altog ^ tber t > e < a > fed ^ ^ laticSj it is goverfled WAsiaticft . Napoleon , WSinrrg to ; BgJJ ^ took possession- of ' ftTocle or two in tl » iSfe ^ Mrr « tt « an , att ^ , allrtding to tihis , Pitt » aid tlitft Hrtthitig- wa ^ tbW grteti for his towering » mbi ( tk > iv ! notbl ' r tig tott ^ 'Mfi » 1 Pifoe lfc » g « WpoT ^ fii « i ararioe . SomajrvB ^^ sny orf 1 dtania . t € h « 'kas ^ doKMld' 4 tefr ; European terrttorieB . within Iwlf -a ctinHtry } j she' gowito Khiva—for what pwepose ? A ^ ressiontf » B ^< l «« tK > f *« iii 1 k « r 3 f She sends twoaxnues . togain a < placof > wh ^ K . waH ) t of the slightest value ,, except as a ( position rT to en » b ]« i .. hec to extend her power . andinn"k « nce ^ and ; to annoy us in our territories in the East She has tto'W atta 3 ned ! her object ; "but the expeditions for securing KhrVaffntf ^ he Sea of AraTwei wlth

      prepared affd stWt out iri a . timerWhefl Bhe ' was ' at p ^ et « e tift . I might go on for ever witibtheW ffaffia « ft 6 « ls . Th « re is . however , ) one of more modiW * irt «»«* Wbtifo : > 'I mtuft t * tot \ Bonsia t ^ ways aaidthat « he was « ioit *(^^<» 8 toipMMrvsethei independence » f Turkey , aainat the ve « y timewh « nxb «< W 4 W making the ldadest pfofessiond on-tho « ab } eot the WM { fi « ttFninar the destruction of th « empire ,, aad partitiooHigJt ,, «« - cording to her own fancies ,, at wQl among othe ^ : « ountx ! ia » This is the Emperor with whom we are now boating , t ^ pcua wtiose representations , arid upon the fa < fe of whose siatemeots , and statements of his representatives , we are now to rely . { Cheei's . } Prince M < mschikbfT , durmg hf * 'misslon'tb Gonstantmople , began with $ ie SBSttWtoee-0 fO < ra «« WessdrdAfe that he had no authority Whtttever to > do anyflMngftttcwpfrto &rranxrfi tihft matters ipitli ntniieat te thn hMv MMnlAdmi .

      After he had been in Turkey a short tim ^ vhfl « Mned » ia | r « secret negotiation , threatening the Turkish Government with the vengeance of Russia Tf it were ffiscloeed . for ^ he purpose of plieing NichoHaB ia such 4 SittMtdtttt Wte'Slare tho ( Tovisrnmemt of the Sultlan . Wh « n Prince ^ Mtoa »« bltoff arrived , I recollect bearing that he bad with htoa k- grout military and naval suite , » nd that » Uortly alter li »< aetlt offl » military mau of high rank to Athens— -for what purpos * has since become apparent ; and the very moment that he wan sent to Athena the troope were moved on to tbe frontier , and the war was begun . I could , in . this manner , run the gauntlet through the whole df tho recent tratrsaotiotis of Russia , bat it is unnecessary now to do so . Thee instances which I have named ought surely to . put us on & » r guard against placing the slightest reliance upon any engagement

      on the part of Russia . What grounds have weibr placing reliance on the engagements of Russia . ? Personal grounds amount to nothing . But a new phrase lia » been introduceddnto d iplomacy by the Hussions , it ia' material guarantee . ' ( Cheers and laughter . ) If Russia will give us what she calk a material guarantee '—that is a . pledge or mortgage upoasomething a © valuable that she would notlike to risk tho loss of it if she violated her faith—then that might be of some use . As for hw moral guarantee , her faith , her bomour , or her word , they arc 0110 and all vuluoless . 'What course' 1 mttj' bt asked , ' would you propose to pursue F * To buob ¦• qtwwtion I would reply , it is not for mo to state my views on- B « oh « . aul ) ject . k his , however , I will v « ntnre toi efcato—that i 1 no case , oxoeut that of oatrome aeceawty , oaghitwetfc

      tnalce- WBaCe "wftlicrtit preVfetfcif deatwyiflff fh * Ihttartkn 'ift » t w the fil « ek Sol and faying fWtffcrtW tDe-fortWcatiWtS- ^^ tth which it is defended . ( CAww . ) F « r to ft *** that ft * # » o > rotocted and Ho that positkm , would tw tor 1 q « i « la tile nanda of Russia the . power of most effectually tynMtnMtlg over and « ovmiiog Turkey , which l » tt « r rtmld mo * im * r such circumstances have—to-uat the phraae I have alctedy referred ^ to , of Oaunt NeMetrocIe—a wilt df her ow ^^ « ad would be compelled to submit in all 6 ii «» to thewitt « f i ™ ^ ? J ?? nwyaww Viat coarse Austria-intenda to par-, sue , but I think I may venture to state ' that » h © 1 ia » fiir ' £ ^ -J ^ ^ fcbe m 1 >® & than ett 3 ier rEiiclaad at Tasajak For if BuesiA fleta posssssioa and holds possession oTt £ 1 MiifCipalitU »; Hi * d exercises , aaaae would a ^ , aivenormou * ujflttiettceUpttntbesotrthernteiritorfe ^ ther * will b » in « tii 4 >

      J the tadependence of the empire . If th&momtroms—I « . lty A > not know what to call it- ^ ayiathaa , *^^^ out itTiaMflr thoteanas of roifca froto jfest to east , aafl pressbg mpoiper northern and eastern froritiers , BhaJtl coil ;« ounathe soorSierk territories df Aast ^ . 4 a ? & ak iae ^ fe&W indeie ^ d « nee » or he crushed m t ) ie l « talifotds ^ ^ ha % cotarse , Gui& wffl « alce—whe' ( liBn ^^^ r ^ tm ^^' ^^^ 'i > o $ m ^ iWf % e » rovinces « fTu ^ M * tt& > ntjute -6 ^^^^ % i ^ mr ^ L kf ^ m < & » mt coi ^ mp 1 ateS <> w onl ^^^

      ^^ mm ^ mm ^^^^ mm ^» : gi « l ^» WirH ^ gtriMUy ^ r ^^^ ^ be ^ -dog ^ lsd ^ cev qf ^^ lMrutiNisi ^^^ S ^ i ; ' wiiiiiil ' ' ^ sa « S ^ itii ^^ m *» intereiit * , w *« hft ^ i « - 'f 8 t * f ^ M ^ Mpfewpi | t Ail ¥ e t ^« n Wn * F ^ iiP ^^ tf !«^ ^ ^^ mttm ^ m

      tTi ^ t ^ Ottse th r ^ ^ ntrM « gp , tftat ^ , x )^ main neutraL m the great cdhtest ; nowanximi < ungi fad beea coo ^ fea : % ^ m tw ^ thttt « b ^^ re mtt o € reftn ^^ % r p ^ 1 |^^ h ^^^ K ; tta ' » - ^ jjfcitLOiil ' ffjj ititii ' Tihi ^ i , iii t- ? . TlV / & ySJ ^ i ^ y ^ ^ fe-a * 3 sSa ? &iti ! 6 ^ liOC Slwlreu . xff taat lKnounnxous feiBlflW , p J ^ CTrfiGWEfgfttrrtftg of tb ^ nwrrtii Austria iisd ^ ^ s ^ the ( Jonettrreivce oT ^ itffifantf m 1 frdti ( & HWi * concluded a convention with the Poi'M % il <[ # i ^ Sfciii hertro ^ rWold' ^ flpytheM ml ^ rrtl ^ Tieces ^ Ty . it ^ Vsain ^^ ffle *^

      M M | . & ' ^ t ^ ^^ . mm ^^ ^^ ¥ m ^ m b ^ Nining « f , ( thev ne *^ ,., shcr ,, m 9 V ^ r $ a ^' i ! $ , $$$ y equipped arnriy of 300 , 000 men ; and under ( iw ^ ^ ft . cumetaucos he-felt oonfldenoe in her * sj urap ^^ at 1 m *\ uwpi ~ w&jfiewtL « a well a * W anwrertp , . W ^ ie ' tW'Swne aa fliosa < tf Ikigls ^ a ^ d ^ Pratice . , v \ ^^ ., < t Undsr tttcso > droa «« t « ii «« % > thtofc that * w Htmy ^ hm eo « e confl 3 enae ; ih Krb « astancrwM Awtrla- h «» gwaa >« ii , * limt b « r . bjwf « acl , v * Mra . a *« stUwrasw ( nttBHind-tii ^ ym ^ ^ w ^ . ^^ i ^ y ^^^^ 4 ^^^^ which Axiflbraanaa acquired , of Bnasma ^ plon 1 iu »~« OTe ) rtap ejcp ^ Vletfco sVe'hTslyad of" the utter disregard' df AKitjUk

      interests—after the vast expense she has now inCaVrew ^ and Xk& ( gr « at vist » t * wiKch Sfic natty < Ue ( «* poie *^ i ^» rihpt t > rtkiv « , tts'ttfe ) ntlbfe- Ibtft wwttld aln *»« s «(« m to ¦ -hi ^ tiMfc A « 8 « ria'wmiia 1 « so waning to hw ifttewnits- * n 4 d % (« 1 jiy < « v < c 0 n « lod » -f t pttttc * stftlh Ms thrftKe Whnbh he * 'hMM ^ mil . ifiubh a p «««« wotaa he noiffrim ^ 'btit « show afl # htda « w truce , to which England and France could W'lMtt jWrttoiMM-^ aA ««» i «> -- * a Mace whioh vto « ldtafford itofgoAriijDt ^ eS' / or / ' tne latur « r which , would be ind « # < fc . a ^ rhuo ^ h to Jfofibia m& wpuVi Wye ' ^ . tiiui f * . heis « Eker naoro than « Yerr | e ^ pos « d > to Sflbe pcrnicibvii uaflneaoe aSSd ajw ^ resivetpolicy o f jRussia . ¦ CPb&tiftb T ^ e ^^ wwiflo ^ er point , in reference to tho teYttfr inTOM 1 the pemfe slifliuWbeimttdb . I carnibf say , nwr flor T tttinrimy * f iWf lor ^ Mriioi ) worrW nndcrtttlte te MY . on 1 ' whMtf'Mtttt

      fW&e ^ cMntfe tttade , bewucje those wnttn must d «« h 6 V « ii til * -ohaaofts « nd conthig » neic «« f « h *» w «<^ anA tkndevi , «*«« & know on wbut terma waafcooia to -prepartd to iwdce { p ^ aaa , laronm vour lordships -wacldagreo -vmfch me th » t ifciwpttH . be imprudent at this moment to divulge them . ' WftfMf ' have our owe opinions as -to what-nn a ^ be 4 esir « bu tfi / jjnat respect , but ntone of pa can t « n what inay be ' j ^ sibfe * £ lhis welcnow , however , that the policy and the power 6 rHuj | s 1 a ore dangerous to t ! he peaca and wehVtteirtg of Ettrflfe , and flitit rhey ttro dangerous to the canBtf of pfogrete rimfl rf crrilisfttioti . (^ Ae e ^ a . ) We must ttll of uS'kh ^ tWftt th ° * W | U ject and interests of Kttrope mttst bo Co curtttU ' w ^' igttafe kdu 10 tuuc uiiib

      cijooK . puuoy j unu n- upporiuuajr uo uoK ** lectcd « f doing that , it wonld be vtfin to hope'that ftnt * h tt'Ofie would over occur again . ( Cfteers . ) My Vbrfts , all fiurotte ^ Oot to be disturbed ^—groat interests are not to be dW 16 ^ 5 « tt ' —great commorcial and social risks « re not to'be rtfn , awitfe greatest powers of Europe are not to be united inattttsfbt an insignificant result , \ ftenetbed Hheer-t . y Wethtftrt aiMto BgrecfK tliat ropresSion will dnly postpone the danger , * tn& Chat safety ran alone bo sought in curtailing a i » wer w ^ fton mtnaces the peuce of linrcfpe and ttoer cause 'df pro ^ roiM Add clvili » tttion . " ( Cfttotrs . ) The Earl of Bbubt said £ Tie . « opcludtn | r paftof Jword Cl * re » adott '» 8 pe « oh > i »» tifled thp alleged ir-cegnr larltry of I « MdIwwn 4 huar « tiia . itttr « d ) aobiifltho su ^ j ^ ots

      Untitled Article

      JuNg 24 , 1854 . ] " THELEABER . ^ ® pg

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), June 24, 1854, page 579, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2044/page/3/