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Leader (1850-1860), 6th January 1855, Edition 1 of 2, Page 11

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      Untitled Article

      THE PUBLIC HEALTH-( JFVwn the Registrar-General ' s Report . ") Lv the week that ended last Saturday the deaths of 1508 persons—namely , 789 males and 719 females—were registered in London . In the 10 corresponding weeks of the years 1844-53 the number was 1164 , and if this is raised in proportion to increase of population , it becomes 1280 . The present return shows an excess above the connected average amounting to 228 . In the first three weeks of December the number returned weekly was about 1300 . - The increase in last week ^ s-registration is not the "effect of an increased rate of mortality- ; it " arises for the most part , if not entirely , from coroners * cases which occurred in former weeks , and have been accumulating till the end of the quarter . This irregularity is almost wholly confined to those deaths which in the list of fatal causes are classified as caused by " violence , privation , and ; intemperance . "

      Two hundred and eighty-two deaths are attributed to diseases of the zymotic class ; the corrected average being 257 . "Among these smallpox was fatal to 33 cases , eight of which occurred to persons beyond childhood , measles in 30 , scarlatina in 82 , hoOpingcough in 41 , and typhus and other fever in 49 cases . Last week the births of 820 boys and 819 girls , in all 1 , 639 children , were registered in London . In the nine corresponding weeks of the years 1845 r 53 the average number was 1298 . During the 52 weeks of the past year ( 1854 ) the total deathTin Londonamounted tO" 73 ; 697 rso-that thegeneral mortality of the year , which in this vast city is at the rate of 25 in a 1000 , rose to the high rate of 29 in 1000 . . . ' . '•

      The deaths in 1849 were 68 , 432 ; yet , upon takingthe increase of population into account , the rate of mortality was rather lower in 1854 , notwithstanding the increase of deaths , than it was in 1849 . The exact rate of mortality was 3 ' 008 per cent , on the population in 1849 , and 2-988 per cent , in 1854 ' Tfife epidemic of cholera in the two years separated by an interval of five years thus raised the mortality onefifth part above the average . The Board-of Hbalth Has undertakenthe investigation of the meteorological , chemical , and microscopical condition of the airand waters of London during the epidemic ; they have also under inquiry the defects of our sanitary organisation , and the results of the different systems of medical treatment .

      Untitled Article

      ELECTION INTELLIGENCE . SuNMmr . Aim ;—This election , aftef a very violent contest , has- terminated in the defeat of Mr . Digby Seymour , by Mr . Henry William Fenwick , also a Liberal . Tile numbers were—for JFenwick , 956 ; for Seymour ^ 646 , giving the former gentleman a majority of 310 . At the nomination on Monday * good deal of excitement took plnce , and Mr . Ifenwiok was at one time cfoliged to piluse in his address , being assailed wiflh missiles , none of which , however , did

      him any injury . Both gentlemen expressed aubatantially the mme views ; but the dup-buildera wore annoyed with Mr . Seymour , not on account of his votes , but for having , m they said , misrepresented their viewa upon mercantile marine questions in the house . Hence the opposition to him , and the result . FfiRMANAanr . —A third Irish election has paeserl off this weok without a contest , Colonel Colo having been returned for the < sounty of Fermanagh * without opposition , in the room of the lato Sir Arthur Brooke . Bart .

      l £ i ? eraey * -tBRftriro u / XQiy at : & £ Ai £ lam . On Wednesday a great ceremony tookfriatfe in the Uttle maritime town of Seahara ,. lamely , vtfaolnBttguration of a literally institute , whichiserved , to « £ taact the intellect and refinement of Uie county of I > urfiani fou miles round , and of the adjacent towns- of New castle and Shields , and to elicit from , tb « lustotiaa of the : great French Revolution an address , which will Be redd with interest , entering as it does upkto- Ohb discussion , of the leading questions : affecting , the commonweal at this moment—namely , the right education of the people , the national debt ; our system of taxation and its results , strikes between masters

      and workmen , and , above all , the great contest which we are now waging against Russia . The building thus dedicated to the use and benefit of the inhabitants of Seaham—some 4000 in number , the great bulk of whom are engaged in mining and . seafaring pursuits—has been erected under the auspices , and jtlmost wholly at the cost , of the Marchioness of Londonderry , her ladyship in that respect carrying out a wish of the late marquis , and being prompted as well by her own benevolent impulses . It is in the Grecian style of architecturBj after the model of the famous Temple of Minerva at Athens , and consists of a . large , lofty , and commodious lecture-room , a . library and reading-room , and a newsroom .

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      ADMIRAL DTTNDAS'S FAREWELL TO THE BLACK SEA FLEET . The following is the address of Admiral thradas upon quitting the command of the Black Sea fleet : — ( " General Memorandum . ) " Her Majesty ' s ship Britannia in the Bosphorus , " 22 nd December , 1854 . ¦ ' « My term of service as Commander-in-Chief in the Mediterranean and Black Sea having drawn to a dose , I am about to return to England and give up the command of this fleet . " During thepast year many trying circumstances have occurred— -pestilence in its most aggravated form , action with the enemy against land defences such as ships hardly ever encountered , and a tempest . of the most awful violence . " In all those events the good conduct and gallantry of the fleet have been-evineed and proved"In taking an affectionate leave of the officers , seamen , and marines of the fleets I can hereafter experience no higher gratification than tite assurance that they preserve their high character for discipline , enterprise , and devotion to our Sovereign and country . ~ - ^~^ = — ^~ - " J . W . D . DUNDASy " Vice-Admiral ^ Commander-in-Chief . " To the Admirals , Captains , Commanders , ^ Officers , Seamen , -and Marines of the Fleet in the Mediterranean and Black Sea : "

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      MISCELLANEOUS . An Import ant Convict . — -The public will not have forgotten the prosecutions of the Maynard , Graxxett . and Tarr gangs of depredators on passengers' luggage ; "MilcTiellpther ~ "Irish-rebel ; " : in his journal now published , records the following particulars of his encounter with Garrett at Bermuda : — "On my arrival there ( Bermuda ) , I had hardly been left alone in my cabin before a convict softly entered . He was servant to the assistant surgeon , and came with a pineapple which his master had sent me . * I ' m Garrett . '— « Well , Garrett ? ' quoth

      I . — < Garrett , sir , Garrett ; you must know all about me ; it was in all the papers ; Garrett , you know *'' Never heard of you before , Garrett . '— ' Oh , dear , yes , sir , you must be quite well aware of it- * -the great railway affair , you remember . '—* No , I do not . ' — - « Oh , then I am Mr . Garrett , who was connected with the railway ( I forget the name of the railway . ) It was a matter of 40 , 000 £ I realised . Forty thousand pounds , sir ; left it behind me . I have been here now two years , and like it very well—devilish lino brown girls here , sir I am very highly thought of—created a great sensation when I came . Indeed ,, for my part , my little

      affair was made a concern of state too . Lord John RusbcU , since I came out here , had a private application made to me , offering to remit my whole sentence if I would disclose my method—the way I had done it , you know ; they want to guard against similar things in other linos , you understand . — 1 trust , sir' quoth I , respectfully , ' you treated the man ' s application with the contempt it ^ served ; The miscreant winked with one eyo . I tried to winK , but failing , bowed again . " An Ikasoihlk Clergyman . — Bcoontly , at a elmefcening , When the clergyman put the naual questions to the sponsor ? , the baby was rather restive , which took off the attention of the godmother , who did not answer , whereupon the reverend gentleman vociferated , " Begone nbout your buaincflsJyou don'b know what you < romo hero for ; " nn < l so saying , ho lef t Che child unbaptised , awl walked away from the font . Afton thia camo on tiio chant— " Lord now lettost thy servant depart in pe « as , &c : but the good people having witnessed a . Bocae so

      Untitled Article

      STATE OF 2 &ADE . The Board of Trade returns for the month ending the 5 tt of December have been issued , and present unfavourable results , the declared value of our exportation showing a falling off as compared with the corresponding month of 1853 of 1 , 856 , 988 * . The diminution is observable in almost every article , and has been particularly heavy in cotton , woollen , and'linen manufactures , but it is to be attributed almost entirely to the commercial distress in the United States and the complete check which has at length been given to the mad shipments to Australia . The war thus far has had little other effect than that of awakening prudence , and causing the speculation to these regions to cease before it had extended toa point at which a general crisis would ' have been inevitable . The fact of the reaction having been attended with few instances of individual disaster is , therefore , a matter of congratulation .

      Untitled Article

      WORKING MAN'S EMIGRATION SOCIETY . TSfifti : is dissension in this society , and a serious probability that the obvious capabilities of the plan will be marred through want of personal unity . An adjourned special meeting of the members has been held , fbr the- election of new directors under their amended rules , and-also for the purpose of confirming those rules . . After a disgraceful scene of recrimination some little work was gone through , and a committee appointed for examining into the condition of the society generally . ^ ¦

      Untitled Article

      - ¦ . . — -- THJ 1 COURT . On New Tear ' s-day the "band of the Kbyal Horse Guards assembled on the East-terrace and played a Selection of favouriteairs . ¦ Mfer Majesty ' s annual gifts to the poor were distributed in the Riding-school of the Castle . The recipients consisted of about 600 poor persons residing in Windsor and Clftwer parishes . The Queen and Prince , accompanied by the royal chliaren T and attended , by , theLadies and J ^ e ^ tlemen in ^ Waiting , proceeded to the gallery of the Riding-school , to witness the distribution , which took place under the superintendence of the clergy of Windsor and Clower and the' district visitors of the poor . > The gifts consisted of joints of meat , coals proportioned to tfife various families , and elbthing divided among the members of the clothing-club established under the patronage of her Majesty , all members receiving according to their contributions , with the additions made by the Queen ' s bounty . ¦ ¦ * . ¦ Lists of dinner-guests occupies the remainder of the Court intelligence of " the week . Departure of the Count s-oft Osbowne . — Her Majesty and'Prince Albert , accompanied by the Princess Royal and the Prince of Wales , left Windsor Castle on Friday fbrOsborne . The august party was attended by ft portion only of the royal household . It is understood her Majesty will return to Windsor Castle on Monday next .

      Untitled Article

      ibAed bttthffw ^ take Bar back tbtfifccfouffc DiXon diffso , wheti the wontatt at once acknowledged ine had ' been before the board ,, and refused to accept the three loaves for this reason' , that : tney would " be no use whatever to herselF and her f&mu > in the State they were in . Her husband was ill , arid unable to earn anything . ; .. Her iilfee children in a state of nakedness ,, and in a room wiHlout a fire , and she would ask what iiae three loaves of Bread could be ; to her with her family in snehastate , -.-Some similar cases'were proved , and Herring was summoned Jbefore the court . His explanations were itrosfr unsatisfactory , and Mr . Norton told him , that if lie did not attend properly to his Business in future , the court would then know how to deal with him . Herring rushed out precipitately .

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      l ^ mmt % 1855 . ] 1 ? Hi IiBABl S . \ ' ^ tk ; :: -

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      MR * ROBERT OWEN AN © HIS MILLENNIUM .. A van * crowded and somewhat singular meeting was held' on Monday evening in St . Martin ' s Hall , Long Acre . It irae convened by Mr ; Robert Owen , ¦ who has undertaken that his Ittng' -promised millennium shall commence ¦ " thiw yetrr , and that it shall be inaugurated on Monday , May 14 , by a great aggregate meeting in tfae metropolis of delegates Acorn aH governments , countries , religions , sects , patties , and classes . From that day forward he haB declared that there shall be a total change in the condition of the human raeo , to be brought about , not by revolution or violenoo , "but by paoiflc moanB and by the general coneont of mankind . The precise means by which this mighty change is to bo effected it was the objeot of the nioetirig' to develop , but the exptanMtfomy wero fbr the most part of a very cloudy and ttnJmtetllgiblo ohawwtor . Mr ., Owen , who was the ohtof speaker , denounood all existing governjtueut * , Tellgions , and parties as degrading to the

      Human- race ; and ' aar tending tb produce nothing buf falsehood , wickedness , and misery . The object of all religioiiB , he said , ougtttr to be to improve the character of man , but lie would there state distinctly that no religion which existed upon the face of the eartfic was calculated to instruct the human race for its Happiness . Tfiere was no government , . sect ; or party in the ^ tfoyld wfiich could effect it ; and , as long as the pteffent systeni existed , happiness would ,. lfe banished'frotn ttie world . In the millennium which would commence on the 14 th of May , the human race would . 'be emancipated from ! misery and vice , and " a universal : attractive system" would be put ih operation . Everything was prepared for the commencement of this new system , and nothing was wanting to secure , its complete success but the union

      of 'the' various classes of society . He felt every confidence that it would put an end to war and all divisions among men , and that it would create a lasting paradise on earth . The world was at present a demon manufactory , but he would change it into a manufactory of angels without wings . He denounced the present monetary system as the great obstacle to the illimitable creation of wealth ,, and it would be part of the duty of the delegates who might assemble on the 14 th of May to specify a time at Which metal and paper money might be done away with . The delegates would also take measures fbr securing universal peace , although children would be trained to arms so as to resist foreign invasion ; and means would also be adopted for promoting , a perfect equality amongst all classes of society according to age . »

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 6, 1855, page 11, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2072/page/11/