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Leader (1850-1860), 9th June 1855, Edition 1 of 2, Page unpag.

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      "" < iAd ( & ^^ m ^ M ^ m ^/ Mi wSS ? ' ' ""' ^ * ^ - '¦ ' - - % Jt ^ e aver . ¦

      Contents

      Contents

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      " The one Idea which History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity —; the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided views ; and by setting aside the distinctions of Religion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Hainan race as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature . "—Humboldt's Cosmos .

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      VOL . VI . No . 272 . ] SATURDAY , JUNE 9 , 1855 . [ Price Sixpence .

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      n : ws of the week— »* oe Imperial Parliament 5 S 0 The War 534 The Baltic 537 Flowers and Music at the Crystal Palace 537 The Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland upon Tenant-Right 538 America 538 The Carlist Insurrection in Spain 538 Continental Notes 538

      Ascot Races 539 Our Civilisation 539 Naval and Military News 540 Miscellaneous 540 Postscript 540 PUBLIC AFFAIRSThe War Debate 541 The Nation of Refugees 542 Limited Liability in Partnership o 4 S The Old and the New Dean of Christchurch . 543

      The Gibraltar Censor ... - 544 "The Stranger" in Parliament ... 644 LITERATURESummary 546 Baden Powell on Development .. 547 The Zulus 548 PORTFOLIOTho Exposition of the Fine Arts in Paris 548

      THE ARTSSignor Monti ' s Second Lecture . £ 49 Levassor at the St . James's 549 Births , Marriages , and Deaths ... 649 COMMERCIAL AFFAIRSCity Intelligence , Markets , Advertisements 550-552

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      ¦\ TEGOTIATIONS with Russia , under the me- j i . 1 diation of Austria , closed at Vienna on Monday last . The last of the Conferences was j held on that day ; a new proposal was made by ! Austria ; the Russian Plenipotentiary asked permission to refer it to St . Petersburg ; the Western Plenipotentiaries declared that they had no instructions to countenance such a reference ; Count Buol pronounce . l the further holding of the Conferences to be useless , and they were formally closed . Down to tlie latest moment , therefore , the relative position of the Powers appears to have been the same ; the Western Powers adhering to the position taken up on the 23 rd of April ; the Russians still trying to gain time by a reference to St . Petersburg , the nature of which we well know ; and Austria proposing peace , butconfessing the uselessness of the proposal . The grand fact , however , is , that the Conferences are closed , and that we are released from the hinderance and distractions of the futile attempts to conclude peace with Russia . But we are not released from the futile discussions on the subject in Parliament . The fact was announced to the House of Commons on Monday ; it was more formally repeated on the Tuesd : iy , nevertheless on both nig hts the discussion upon the several motions ; the House still consulting with itself whether it should , with Sir ' Francis Baring , express regret that the nego- ] tiation had not been successful ; with Mr . Lowe , ] indignation that they had failed through the re- 1 fusal of Russia ; and with Sir William Hjsathcotk , a hope that they mig ht sLill succeed . For : two nights the IIouso discussed these questions ; listening to speeches which hurt about as much i relation to tho resolution as they had to the actual i position . For instance , Sir Jamics Graham fol- I lowed the lead of Mr . Gladstone , and ranged himself with the party whose resolution Srr Wil- i ijam Hhathcoth moved , expressing a hope of i obtaining peace—throug h the negotiations now closed . But Sir Jamios ' s argument went entirely i to reconcile his present position with hLs having commenced the war ; it turned principally on the j view that Russia hud been chastised enough , and that it was not necessary to humiliate hor further . I This argument , it will bo seen , very little sup- i ported Sir William Hhatiicotic ' s amendment ; i since Russia is neither humble nor willing to 1

      . make terms . The most striking speech on that side was Mr . Cobden ' s . He devoted all his skill to making up a statement , and to collecting recent facts ; all his power of language to presenting those facts in a popular and facile exposition ; in setting forth a formidable array of difficulties in the course taken by Government . Prussia is jealous , because she fears France upon the Rhine ; Austria is insincere , because she dreads to have the nationalities take advantage of any difference between her and Russia ; Turkey is a miserable Government , unimproving , impotent to maintain her own rights , while the preponderance of Russia is inherent in the nature of things , because her trade on the Black Sea has increased , is increasing , and ought not to be diminished . Mr . Coijbks accuses Government of vacillation , and of having submitted to the dictates of the populace and the press ; but by deprecating the attacks upon his party for assuming an impracticable humanitarian position , he implied that he was no absolute peace man ; and he promises that if Russia should invade Portsmouth , he would not discuss what ought to bo done , but would work , "if not in the field , in the hospital . " —" The right man in the right place . " This was unquestionably the strongest speech on that side ; but it was open to obvious replies , such as the remark that the preponderance might be very well as' long us it was only commercial ; and that even in commerce Russia , was always gigantically one-sided , while Turkey ia a free-trader , and has by no means been so absolutely unimproving as Mr . Coijdkn pretended . Turkey kept tho mouth of the Danube free when it was in her possession ; it was Russia that let the mud accumulate . Mr . Bright sounded a parallel of Mr . Cobden in trumpet tones —a strong utterance of a weak policy ; Mr . Sidnky Hkiuikrt u less sectarian version of Mr . Gladstones appeal to Christian Reeling against keeping up the war or humiliating Russia . Sir Jam us Graham was open to a still graver retort of contrasting his present tame and feeble ¦ ipecH-h with his stout , language about the "glorious Hriti .-ih flag" at the Reform Banquet . It is to bo noted that there is a decided though small Peace l ' aity on the Tory side , which found mouthpieces in Lord Stanlky and Lord Ron hut Ck <; il . Tho common sense of the House , however , ( bund voice in several speakers , who showed that , ipart from formal questions respecting the mismanagement of the Avar and the claims of Turkey , this country had ftt all events committed herself

      to a contest out of which she could not retreat until its objects were attained . The members supporting this view were not only the Ministers Sir William Molesworth , Lord John Russell , and Lord Palmerston , but the independent Roebuck , the strange literary romantic Tory Sir Edward Lyttox , and the Peelite Lord El . cho , with several independent members . The Government has now got credit for vigorous determination to carry on the war , and it will probably be all the more willing , at the next opportunity , to accept terms of peace , which , while it was suspected of cowardice , it would have been compelled to refuse . Toward the close of Tuesday evening , it was discovered that some news had arrived from Vienna , which rendered the amendments rather out of date ; and the House adjourned till Wednesday to think about it , not however with much profit , for on Wednesday the debate continued as we have described it . The whole course of the debates had been rendered more irrelevant by the further news from the Euxine , where the successes in the Sea of Azof have been followed up with vigour . More Russian ships and stores were destroyed at Genitchi ; and Soudjak-Kaleh was taken . and restored to the Circassians . Detailed reports tlirew further lig ht upon the engagements of tho 22 nd and 23 r . l , and proved that the . advantage , strongly contested by the Russians , was very important , while the telegraph announced that the bombardment of Sebastopal recommenced on the 6 th inst . The suddenness of the series of attacks , the immediate surrender or flight of tho Russians nt the seaports , the fact that Kcrtch was the depot for hospital patients from Sebastopol , the repeated petition of the Russian commander to bury the dead after tho engagement of the 23 rd , are amongst the evidences that these blows have cut deep . Nevertheless , we have not tho slightest sign that tho C / . ar , whoso person tho sword does not reach , relaxes cither in his obstinacy or in Ins exertion . Now requisitions J' 1 ^ Ilia < le lov IU < jn and storcs V tho Pleni potentiaries , as wo have seen , persevered to tho lust moment of tho Conferences in evasive uttcmpts to obtain time ; and a " Memoir , " apparently n kind of non-olliciul postscript to the note > f Count Nkssiclrodi ; , has boon circulated in Gernany . Its direct object is to represent the < Y 1 Ik ! u as contemplating some subversive movenent in Europe , and Fruncc as intending to

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  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), June 9, 1855, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2094/page/1/