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    since he could not consent to get rid of Lord John Russell ' s resolution in so summary a way . Nevertheless , though he approved of the principle of a local educational rate , as the most effective nieans of promoting a national scheme , he thought that the plan is at present impracticable , owing to our differences in religious faith , accompanied by the strong desire of the majority that education should not be secular , as in America , where they substitute for religion in their schools " a code of morals which has about as much to do with religion as the philosophy of So - crates had . " He believed that a reTision and extension of the existing plan would afford the best means of carrying out an improved system of education . He therefore moved an amendment to that effect . Mr . Elmce objected to that part of the scheme which related to the appropriation of the charities , and spoke of the hardship which the proposal would inflict upon the people of Coventry . —Mr . LiddelXi was iu favour of an extension and impi-ovement of the existing system , and , entertaining that opinion , lie anticipated with pleasure . the appointment of a Minister of Education . Mr . Sawed Waeren ( in a first speech ) spoke strongly in favour of a compulsory system , of education . The voluntary principle , he admitted , had done well and even admirably ; but it did not come up to the mark , and all that was proposed by Lord John Russell ' s plan was to aid it . It would be well ,

    however , it Lord John Russell would reconsider the proposal with respect to the alienation of charities- —• Mr . Ewab / t heartily supported the resolutions ; and said he apprehended , with , respect to the charities , that it was only intended to apply to the purposes of education such charities as were originally intended for those purposes . — Mr . Momckton Milnes also spoke in favour of the resolutions , which -were conceived in a most moderate spirit . It was highly necessary to cope with "' the great and palpable danger " of ignorance . —Lord Robert Cecil conceived that local rating would extinguish voluntary aid ; and he thouglit it unjust to charge upon airy one part of the community a burden which ought to be borne by all .

    Sir James Graham , in a very elaborate speech , opposed the whole scheme contemplated by Lord John Hussell . Details and principles Avere j urnbled together in great confusion , and the proposals , instead of being tentative , were rash and headlong . The parochial boundary was abolished , and no union boundary was recognised . The majority of the ratepayers being allowed to tax the minority would give rise to all the evils of the church-rate . The Quarter Sessions were also enabled to levy this tax ; but a more unfit body could not be conceived . Now , he thought that , if a ' compulsory rate were adopted , education should be secular . The plan would be

    most expensive and prodigal , t \ e Cost being equal to the poor-rates and the county-rate combined ; all voluntary help would cease ; everything would be done by . tho Government , except what the rates would afford , and a dangerous influence would thus be establiahed ; the measure would oppress the poor , and destroy the free competition of labour ; and it would tamper with the religious principle , which was the mainspring of the voluntary system . Furthermore , the proposed plan was unnecessary ; for , as shown by Mr . Baines , and Mr . Unwiu ( from statistical pamphlets by whom Sir James quo ; ed largely ) , education in England had advanced more rapidly during the last forty years than in any other country .

    Sir John Pakinqton replied to the arguments of Sir James Graluun , asserting that his statistics were absolutely wrong , and contending that , as the voluntary system had failed , some otlier was absolutely necessary . He concurred in the general spirit of the resolutions , but should proposo some amendments in the details . The Chairman was ordered to report progress , and ask leavo to sit again on tho following day , after an ineffectual attempt made by Mr . Disraeli to extract from the Government a declaration of their views upon tho subject of the resolutions . —Tho Medical Puoj ? . ession Bux was referred to « . Select Committoo . —The roport of the Committoo of AVays and Means was brought up and agreed to ; and , shortly aftorwurtls , tho House adjourned .

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    The proceedings on Tuesday commenced with an angry protest on the part of Lord Lucan against some remarks which had appeared iu that morning ' s Times on his Lordship ' s defence . Having with much warmth denounced the ' audacity" of the writer , Lord Lucan expressed a hope that the court would , if possible , put a stop to " such gross injustice . " The business of tho day then proceeded ; and Lord Lucan produced a letter from Lord Raglan's Quartorinasfcer-Qeneral , General Sir Richard Airoy , dated December 12 th , 18 o 4 , directing thnt five hundrod of the cavalry horses , being unemployed , should bo made use of for commissariat service . On Col . Darby Griffiths , of the Scots Qroya , being called , ho stutodtlio circumstances attending the throat of arrest by Lord Lucan . He Raid \ - ^~ "I do not I'omomber tho exact duto , but I think it was

    THE CRIMEAN BOARD OP INQUIRY . LOUD I / UCAN ' h OABE . Tub real business of the Board commenced on Monday , when Lord Luoan requested that his caso might be taken soparatoly , imd dooidod upon separately , i ho former was granted , after aomo discussion ; but , witli respect to tho latter , his Lordship was informod thai , although tho Board would also roport on Iuh etiso separately , they could not undertake to consider or dooulo on it until thoy h , vd hoard tho other oasoB . lo Una ho urgently objected , saving ho " did not wish to como before tho Board again . ' Tho Judge Advocate informed him that , if ho buou 1 < 1 fuel himself implicated by tho observations of any of tho witnoseos in subsequent onaos , ho would bout liberty to oomongaia before tho Court ; but his Lordahip replied that " what ho wished" was that the Board should docida

    upon his case without first hearingthat of other parties . Beingtold that the Board could not receive any instructions as to the course they should pursue , Lord Lucan disavowed so " improper and unwarrantable an act as attempting to direct the proceedings of the Court . All he intended was to suggest , in the most respectful and submissive manner possible , what he considered necessary for his own vindication . " He then requested that the proceedings might be adjourned for a day , to consider whether he could go on under the arrangement proposed . The Board retired for about twenty minutes , and , on its return , granted the request . L . Luoan , however , after expressing his thanks , said that , during the absence of the Board , he had been

    reconsidering the matter , and that he now waived the sanction to adjourn ; " but , with permission , he should expect thafcthere would be no objection on the part of the Board -to his entering a protest against his case not being heard separately . " The Board reminded his Lordship that it would be heard and reported on separately ; to \ vbi « h Lord Lucin rejoined : — "I am aware that the report will be a separate one , but that does not satisfy me . I wish my case to be considered and decided upon by the Board before they embark in any new case whatever . " He Was informed that , as the Board did not know what his cuse was , they could come to no other decision ; and his Lordship then commenced his statement by reading a long document , in which he gave a history of his proceedings during the time he held the command of the cavalry . The tenor of this

    vinced I made no such expressions until you tad used very harsh words towards me . "— " Do you remember the storm of the 14 th of November ?"— " I do . " " Where were you then encamped ?"— " I think it -wag the lowest ground . I know the ground was so lose that I saw a goose swimming about in au officer ' s tent , and that will show in how much water the horses were standing . '— " "When the altercation took place between us , did you not say in a loud tone of voice , ' You are not speaking to me as a gentleman should / before one word was said to you about being put under arrest ?"— " , my Lord . "— " Did you subsequently make use of those words , or any like them ?"— " Yes , my Lord , I said that I had only addressed you as one gentleman would address another , and that you had no right to use the expressions you had done towards me . " Colonel Griffiths also stated that some captains of the navy made offers to cover the whole of the horses with tarpauliug upon spare , to "be obtained from the transports . General Sir Richard Airey was next examined . From , his evidence , it appeared that au engineer , officer , Mr . Stokes , -was placed with Lord Lucan for hutting the horses , but Colonel Gordon , finding himself short of those officers , ¦ who were greatly needed for the prosecution of the siege works , objected to the constant absence of Mr . Stokes , and said that lie could not be placed entirely and solely at Lord Lucan's disposal . General Airey conceived that Lord Lucan did all that . was possible for the shelter

    of the horses . As for himself , he had made repeated demands upon the Commissariat for supplies for the horses ; but be could obtain nothing but barley , on which , however , horses will die , if it be not varied with other food . He recollected the offer of tarpauling , spars , &e ., and Lord Luean was hhnself aware of it . This was as early as October , 1854 ; but the ships being constantly on the move , it was found impossible to do anything tiLl the 4 th of December , when the materials "were . collected , " and applied to the covering of the stables . I don ' t think , however , " added General Airey , " that the cavalry got any of them / ' The Commissariat mules , the artillery horses , and the bat animals of divisions , engrossed them .

    Colonel Doherty , of the 13 th Light Dragoons , having given a . few particulars of no great importance Colonel Tulloch was called , but had left the Court ' Lord Lucan , who said that " the further the inquiry ' extended , the more agreeable it would be to turn / requested that lie might be himself examined as a witness . He then , in an answer to a question from the Deputy-Judge-Advocate , stated the particulars attending the interview he had had on the 18 th of November , 1854 , with five commanding officers who had made certain representations to him in writing about the waut of necessaries in the cavalry . He reminded these officers that he had written to Lord

    Raglan on the 8 th , on this subject , and that some arrangements had been made for purchasing supplies at Constantinople . In answer to General Peel , Lord Luean said that " there was nothing on the plateau offering materials for hutting . I have heard in the course of tie day that a shelter might have been formed under canvas ; but I did not know- that canvas was to be had , and this I say , defying all . ' contradiction , that upon that plateau it would not have been safe to have placed horses under canvas- On the 14 th of November , as everybody knows , there was not a single tent which was not blown down , and no one but a madman would have thought of placing horses under canvas there . "

    Towards the close of the day's proceedings , the Deputy-Judge-Advocate said that the Court deprecated the comments that liad been made by the Timea on the incomplete evidence , but that they could take no other steps in tho matter . The evidence , or statement , of Lord Liican was continued on Wednesday . His Lordship imputed blame to Mr . Pildor for not providing a sufficiency of forage for tho horses . On the 1 st of Novouiber , ho learnt that the Light Cavnlry wero to tnke up a position seven miles from Ealakluva . Ho went to the Quartermaster-General , and cornplainod that , if thoy ocoupiod that position , they could get no forage ; but Lord Raglan still ordered thorn to bo stationed there . When cavalry regiments wore stationed tit a distance from him , he always hold tho brigadiers responsible for tho foraging . Tho greatest difficulties wero experienced

    in bringing up supplies . With tho state of tho roads awl tho weather ns both wero then , it might havo boon possible , up to the 24 th or 25 th of tho month , to employ tho horses of the Light Brigade in carrying supplies from Baluklava ; but ifc would have been a torrible strain upon thorn , us they wore , even then , in a groatly reduced , and almost starving condition . Mr . Filder laid it down n » a rule that , if tho horses wore kept on short rations , or without food for a wook , no owoiua whatever wore to be made up subsequently . Whou ho applied for arrears , Mr . Filder said that it ww contrary to tho rules of tho eorvioo that a denoionoy should be made good . ( A member of tho Board sivid that Mr . Filder was noting according to rule , ) Hi « Lordship ufterwardn rend n . voluminous correspondence ranging" over December , 1864 , and January , 1855 , to prove that ho had mode

    condocument was the same as that of the statements already made public by Lord Lucan in defending himself f roni the charges brought agjainst him by Sir John H'Neill and Colonel Tulloch . He alleges that lie took all the precautions in his power for placing the horses under shelter , and that , when . 'he . left in the middle of February , 1855 , all the animals were in stables . Great obstacles , however , were to be contended against . He could not , he asserts , iu contradiction to Colonel Gordon , get an Ordnance officer to attend him ; and he had the greatest difficulty in obtaining wood , nails , and labourers . He admits that—" The construction of stabling of that sort was perfectly novel to myself , and I may say tlhat there was not an individual belonging to the cavalry who had ever seen such horsestabling . " The Commissioners , he complains , have stated that a certain number of horses died from

    disease and wimt of shelter , when several of that number were killed in action ; and he adds that it is a . monstrous thing , " and an " absurdity " to compare , as tho Commissioners have done , the comparatively few deaths among the Commissariat horses , half of wliich did not arrive till after the end of February , when they found proper food and shelter ready for them , -with the deaths of the cavalry horses , which were necessarily much larger , owing to the greater length of time they had been iu the Crimea , and to their having to withstand " all the hardships of the preceding months . " So far from denyinpr that , as

    stated by the Commissioners , 38 per cent , of the cavalry horses died from want and exposure , Lord Lxicau admits that a still larger number , in the proportion of 65 per cent ., perished from these causes , and he adds : — " You will naturalty say that I aui damaging my own case . But the Cornmiesioners have been so wonderfully wrong that I can afford to state the truth . " His Lordship subsequently states that the losses of transport animals were greater than those of the cavalry ; and he takes credit to himself for preeerving every one of 270 mules which wero consigned to his care on the 20 th of January , 1855 .

    on the 10 th of November , two days after the storm , when I , being field officer of the day , wont to take your ordorB respecting tho picket . You then remarked upon tho ooat 1 was wearing , and ft conversation arose respecting it . 1 then said to you , ' My Lord , I fear , if something is not done immediately for my horses , thoy will suffer severely , and I shall loao a groat part of them , ' having then lost a good mnnj ' . You expressed groat dissatisfaction , and , as far an 1 can remember your words , thoy wore , ' Do you think 1 have not thought of tUat myself , Sir 'i I havo a groat mind to put you uudor arrest . ' What you Imd to find fault with iu mo I . cannot pay ; but my impression wan at tho timo , and still is , that tho throat was inaclu in onsoquouao of my Huggostion . I mny add there may have boon some warm expressions on my part towards your Lordship ; but I am con-

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    April 12 , 1856 . ] THE LEAD EB . 341

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), April 12, 1856, page 341, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2136/page/5/