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not with Lord Palmbbstok ' s Ministry , but with Lord . Aberdeen ' s . The Premier , however , refused to accept an evasion of the judgment : he demanded a division at « oce Vfton thft main question . The state oft the * » aember » in t&e House favoured him , but Mr . PattRAKLi threatened to continue dividing upon the qjtestion of adjotjpa *
ment ; and thus , although the adjournmenjfcr iw * negatived by 24 & to 17 ^ ,,. * ne discussiw * . was allowed to stand over till Thursday . For a third t ime the subject was debated by the " Dons "—Sir Jambs Graham and Lord John " doing the impartial , " with speeches half for the attack , and votes for " the Liberal party ; " and the Whiteshm ; case was dismissed by 303 to 176 * .
Kars is a bygone subject . The public has now fastened its interest upon other things , which have reference to the future . Lord Lyndhurst , last week , had given notice , of sk . motion for calling attgn $ ion to the state of Ital y * but he allowed it to stand over at the request of Lord Clahendon , who has announced that he shall call attention to the" Treaty of Peace and the proceedings in Paris on Monday nest . On the score of that motion , Lord M AtMKSBTTBT has- withdrawn his duplicate of Mr . Whxtesii > e ' s vote of censure about Kars :
the true reason , however , being , that Lord Derby s colleagues in the House of Lords see how they haye lost ground by Mr . Whiteside's portentous Irish blunder . ' t ^ B perAisal « f the Peace papers , as we have said , has been"favourable , to Ministers . The work q £ arranging the Turkish Question and its colla-*• » '' heen well executed . The missing ~ -ce comprised two pro-; ifipally within the
-oierrijjg any question cuxd either of the parties signing , * cy , to the arbitration of-the rest—a present for' introducing the much commended rbitration principle . A novelty for which the public was scarcely prepared , is the declaration on maritime law , which not only surrenders the orinciple defended by England in the great war , Mt the enemy ' s goods are liable to seizure wher-- « found—even in neutral ships—but * ares that the neutral flag covers the
. o , and goes beyond to declare that neutral goods are safe , even under the enemy ' s flag . This is indeed a wholesale surrender to the prin ciple of free trade :, emanating from the Foreign Secretary of a despotic and not a commercial master , the Emperor Napoi ^ on . ' But unquestionably the public interest now iurns to those proceedings which had no legislative results , on the 8 th of April , the day on which Count ? WaIeWski invited further action of the
AlBed Powers in tinkering the Government of Greece , an intervention in Italy , and a united Compulsion upon the Belgian Government to put restraint * upon the press of that country . With regard to Italy , the British Plenipotentiary spoke fairly enough in direct parallel to the Memorial of Count Cavoob ; but the alarming fact is , that the preponderance appears to He still with the Absolutist Powers in any assemblage of European
MimsterV . We , the English people , ever treated as alien to the proceedings of our own Government , havd no guarantee that we shall not find our Ministers , at least passively , participating in an attack upon constitutional Belgium , and forfeiting the opportunity to interfere effectually for the support of Constitutional Reform in Italy . We tbifk forward to Monday , then , with interest , to a © B' if there are any men in Parliament who will
rfbe * J& up for the principles of liberty and the l $ ftttttB $ people , besides Lord Ltndhuiist , that 40 ftwejjl 6 " old 't ' ory wBom the grave so mar-¦ r feibttSiy spares to shame Liberals by the vigour ^ ashU -rtmrrtfivift ' ¦ .. ; ¦ ' > % !» moce ^ dthga before , the Board of OfQcers at Otitflie * ocJnthmea to expose the vices of our
military syste m ^ , witfeou * the slightest chance that the people will , 4 fre able to out at the root of evil . For instance , . tjke only business-man who in any way represejr trthe Government is constantl y ^ jfeubbedv not waify bj his Arfogvaee the- Earl « f" Ljvcan , but pother ** Thus , tike Utte General of Cavalry browsHjy telij * iihe Boards that the Report tff the Conn—jHsicmtersi is " no * , worth the paper it it written ejpt ** while that Quarter- M aster-Qtoaeral of
the British Army , Sir Richard Airey , questions their capacity for conducting the investigation , throws the utmost discredit on their Report , and takes the high tone he took before—that is , he choses to think the Commissioners were only appointed to look into Commissariat matters . What hope can we have of getting any reform in the army so long as a system of this kind is tolerated in high places ?
If we want to see anything done for . the people directly and expressly , unquestionably we must look away from Parliament and public departments . We have some chance of finding real popular interests consulted , say at the Mansionhouse , where Lord Mayor Salomons has been entertaining Lord Brougham and the Law Amendment Society—a body of gentlemen and lawyers who are really doing a grand work in improving the statutes , and so , in benefiting the people . But why is this gathering held ? Because the Law Amendment Society does not find its full recognition in the official and Parliamentary circles ; and ) because it is at the Mansion-house that we find )
something like a genuine , royal , and statesmanlike appreciation of the necessity for consulting the wishes and wants of the people . So the Law Amendment Society goes to the great municipality for countenance , and the chief magistrate elected in common hall does what statesmen shrink from doing—gives that countenance handsomely and liberally .
Again , while Parliament is pottering over reformatory institutions , we must ascribe to the personal feeling * of Lord Gbanvuxe and a few other statesmen , the small amount of aid given by Government for reformatories—in the half of a schoolmaster ' s salary , or a prospective grant for buildings ; while it is to men like Sydney Turner , De Metz , M . D . Hill , Lloyd Baker , and those who sat to celebrate the anniversary of the
Redhill Philanthropic Institution , that we discern the true working men of this great reform of the day . It is their business to rescue from the schools of crime those youths who have already been committed , and to save the youth , not hitherto led astray , from temptations and false teaching . Redhill , like Mettray , annually restores numbers of misguided youths to society ,
and saves still larger numbers ; and we see men who are not rich giving their , money ; men who are busy giving their time ; men who might court luxury giving hard work for the sake of the mission . But this is quite distinct from bureau or Parliament , where some of the best men in this mission have comparatively little weight , and not the faintest chance of getting into office .
For one not ungraceful courtesy , however , the people may thank the highest in the land . We may expect a really brilliant display of illuminations appointed for the day of keeping the Quekn a birthday—the 29 th of May ; the Qukjbn desiring that the people should distinctly recognise a community of feeling between herself and her heges . Againthe Qujeen has fixed the 4 th of May ,
to-, morrow , as the Thanksgiving Day , for various reasons , but chiefly , that she may spare her working subjects the loss of wages , which would be entailed upon them if it had been fixed for a working-day . By what trifles may the great earn the goodwill of nations 1 A few courtesies shown to distinguished Americans have gone far to mitu ffato the studied irritations which they have rethis act
ceived from certain quarters ; and or graceful cdaaiderateness on the part of the Quhhn will add . to the . loyalty of the people or real persona ! liking ,, and gjLve » pleasant zest for , the enjoyment of the display on the 29 th .
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r Monday , April 28 tft . MARRIAGE LAW . . In tike H «« b op Lords , Lord Brougham moved tb fitst rervUlMrof a bill to . remedy the evils arising frOr tfye abuee of- the Scotch law of marriage in those case ki vbeMl ptttCies cross the border for the purpose tMfeff united wufer that law . He proposed to make previous residence of three- weeks in Scotland essentia to the validity of such a marriage . —Earl Mdjto re gretted that the measure did not extend to Scotland . - The bill was read a first time .
THB PEACE . Lord Clarendon then rose and said : — " I beg to la 1 on the table of the House the Treaty of Peace which ha been signed by the Plenipotentiaries of England , France Russia , Austria , Prussia , Sardinia , and Turkey . Th ratifications of this treaty were exchanged yesterday and were received to-day . There are three separat conventions which are annexed to it . Also , a declare tion respecting ; maritime law and the policy to be
pursued towards neutral nations during time of war , whicl has also been signed by the Plerunotentiax ^» of tb * re spectivo-Ptrvrerg : "—Lord Brougham : " To put a stoj to privateering ? " ( Hear , hear . ')—The Earl of Clarendon : " Yes . I also beg to lay on the table a copy o the protocols of the Conferences held during the sitting ; of the Conference ; and I have only further to giv ( notice that I intend to move that this treaty be-taker into consideration by your Lordships on this day weefe . ( Hear , hear . )
The same papers were laid on the table of the Lowei House by Lord Palmebston , who made a similar notification with respect to taking them into consideration on the following Monday .
MATT . COMMUNICATION WITH IRELAND . In answer to a question from Lord Dungannon , In reference to the mail communication with Ireland , the Duke of Argyll stated that th © arrangements for expediting the transit of the mails would probably be carried into effect during the present summer . The time is not to exceed eleven hours between the London and Dublin termini . THE AUSTRIANS HT ITALY . Lord Ltndhurst , in accordance with a request of Lord Clarendon , consented to postpone the motion of which he had given notice on the state of Italy , and the continued military occupation ^ portions of that country by Austria . He added that he should watch with considerable anxiety the course pursued by Government to alleviate the intolerable grievances under which the
people of Italy labour . THB FALL OF KARS . In the House of Commons , Mr . Whiteside moved —" That , while this House feels it to be its duty U express its admiration of the gallantry of the Turkiet soldiery , and of the devotion of the British officers at th < siege of Kars , it feels it to be equally a duty to expreaf its conviction that the capitulation of that fortress , and the surrender of the army which defended it , therebj endangering the safety of the Asiatic provinces o Turkey , were in a great measure owing to the want ol foresight and energy on the part of her Majesty ' s Administration . " Having enlarged on the importance tc England of maintaining the independence . of Asia *
Turkey , and after showing , by varioua historical references , that it has long been the design of Russia to seize the whole of Asia Minor and Persia , as well w Constantinople , and thus to obtain the empire of the world Mr . Whiteside proceeded to considor the mor immediate object of his motion . At the commencement of the Turkish campaign against the Russians in 185 d , the Turks were full of enthusiasm . The people flung their money into the public treasury , and the wealthy gave up their horses for the use of the artillery . I ha nation conceived that it would be better to resist Russia on the Pruth than on the Danube ; but England , for her own purposes , prevented the adoption of the liittor licyand hindered the Turks from striking a blow at
po , the right moment . But it waa absurd to suppose that tho Turks , unaided , could cope with the Russians in . Asia . They were accordingly defeated , and their army became disorganized . General Guyon undertook , wit * considerable effect , to effect the reorganization of the troops . " And hero , " said Mr . Whiteside » J . cannot but express my regret that that distinguished oflicer has strico been discarded , for no other reason , apparently , than that he evinced hi 8 capacity to render vast . Bervic * his country . " Tho Turks suffered defeat after defeat , and their army was only saved from extinction by nil event tneir army wuo umjr «~ . — — _— ,.--- . , recalled tho of »»» «
the memory of which name n whom the / had hoard but little of late-Schmny l . Ha ( Mr . Whiteside ) did not know what had become of him or whether he had amicably aettlcd with Bu *» -- ™ r ? was very much to bo suspected . But , in AugiiBt , 1 MM , after the defeat of the Turks at Buyukdcro , Schamyl most happily invaded Tiflis to tho rear of tho But ton army . The effect of that attack waa , that Till * ( being an un fortified city Btanding in a plain ) General MolmtoflI founa it necoaoary to retreat with half his army to protect tl £ capital of Georgia ; and thus the Turhieh »«™ X * £ saved from annihilation . Under tho circuinetuncca
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1 SWMUAL PARLIAMENT . : ¦ .. ? "
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410 THE XE ADEB . [ No . 319 , Saturday .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), May 3, 1856, page 410, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2139/page/2/
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