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Btates whatsoever . It is impossible that it should not conduce to the march of intelligence and freedom for the entire world . The latest message of President Pierce ^ jlows that the existing Government of the Union is alive to that mission , and that it has effectually preserved for the republic the condition of developing itself without restraint or intervention .
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THE FOX AT THE TUILE 11 IES . Most persons , probably , are -unconscious of the fact that a most dramatic political event has occurred . The parallel of Charles James Fox has been at the Tuileries . The mind of Louis Na . poi . eon has been thrown back to the period of more than half a century ago , when his uncle received , with profuse demonstrations of respect , a leader of the English parliamentary opposition . If his mind was thrown back at all , it was , in all likelihood , to the not very distant days when Lotus Napoleon and Benjamin Disraeli were
tention is entirely turned from him and his movements , he holds a little levee of his own , whereat he is called a distinguished statesman , the author of the recent treaty , one of the originators of the alliance , and the unpaid counsellor who stood by , during the war , and compelled Lord Aberdeen and Lord Palmebston to act in a spirit of honour and moderation , jffox was a patriot in the days when * patriot ¦ ' was not a term of contempt ; a liberal , "when liberalism was not so safe as
it now is ; a statesman , who sympathized witli the sufferings of oppressed nations ; and a man of the highest chai * acter and the purest feelings , who would have disdained the use of scurrility , and scorned to be represented by a Pigaro . To what did Mr . DiSBAEiii owe his political promotion , if not to the poison of his purchased lips ? When did the nation ever receive a service at his hands , whether in the shape of a practical reform , or of a defence of useful piinciples against dangerous
experiments ? The only fragment of policy he ever projected was a Budget which would hare thrown the finances of the country into confusion . To be reminded of Fox by seeing Jiim , would be to be reminded of Pascai . by seeing Pasquijt . "Was it not enough that Mr . Disraeli should seek iu Paris the basis of jugglery he cannot find at home ? Was it necessary to come forward with melodramatic comparisons , -which can only have the effect of degrading him ? If he be wise , he will institute a valuation of the different methods of advocacy , or of self-assertion , and he will find that to stand in the light and mimic the attitudes of a great and honoured statesman , may be an easy and a flattering process ; but to the public it is disgusting . Louis Napoleon , probably , is well-incliued to the representative of Buckinghamshire , bub , rely upon it , Benjamin . Disraeli has hot reminded him of Charles James Pox .
soldiers of fortune in London—a sympathizing pair of adventurers . But the ludicrous analogy which bas been discovered will remind every one of the gentleman who began a narrative by saying , "I once met a Frenchman in Paris ; " whereupon a simple-hearted citizen exclaimed , " So did II what a curious coincidence ! " Mr . Disraeli has been to the Tuileries . Singularly enough ,. Charles James Fox went there also . Mr . IDlsraeli is a leader of opposition . So was Pox .
JSFapoleon I . was civil to Pox . Napoeeon III . is civil to Disraeli . Beally , it is seldom that a parallel can be carried so far and so triumphantly . It is somewhat disappointing to find , however , that it is a parallel without an analogy . Charles James Pox , the leader of English liberalism , the representative of English sympathy with the French revolution , the antagonist of the Tory faction , went to Paris after he had retired fora while from public affairs , to collect materials for his historical work . He was then
proud to wear a blue coat and buff" waistcoat in homage to the simplicity of the Jacobins . He had moved , in the House of Commons , five resolutions in favour of recoguiziug the French Republic . His policy had been to avoid a European war by conceding the right of the French nation to conduct its own internal affairs upon its own . principles . The peace of Amiens had been partly brought about by Ins efforts . What had Mr .
Dis-BAEiii to do with the peace of Paris ? Fox admired the brilliant military genius of the First Consul—who had not yet so far forsworn himself as to seize the empire . "What brilliant genius has Mr . Disraeli to flatter in the person of Napoleon III ., whose ovations are at bull-fightB , and whose campaigns are in the Champ de Mars ? Fox invariably contended for an alliance with France as a
nation ; Mr . DrsnAELi aa invariably insults the French nation , bv representing the despotism under which it languishes as a political necessity . Fox did not go Paris to receive the inspirations of a foreign government for his own guidance in Parliament ; Mr . Disraeli goeB to bargain for French influence in aid of the failing faction that acquiesces in his leadership . To represent the existing alliance the
as work of Lord Djsgby is an impertinence that might easily be expected ** om . * ke Tory organs ; but to compare the visit of 1802 with that of 1856 , and even to suggest that Mr . Disraeli belongs to the same rank of statesmen as Charltcs James Jb Ox , is an exhibition of servility only equalled by the » -egotism that accepts it . Happily for him , Mr . Disraeli has an organ to declare has own importance , which is forgotten by the independent press . "While public at-
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habits of the natives , their -disposition to trade . He lias demonstrated the existence ot a great line of water communication from the western settlements northwards Wun by the Coanga , continued by the Kasye and completed by the Leambj ^ e , ' close to the na vigable Lake nSTgami . Thence another line " of equal importance , tends eastward alon » the course of the noble Zambesi , which , in fact is identical with the Leambye , and vhidr running through the towns of Tete and Sena ' breaks into several channels , formmo- the Delta of Quillimane , and is emptied into the
Indian Ocean . I ' or seventeen years , smitten by more than thirty attacks of fever , endangered by seven attempts upon his life , continually exposed to fatigue , hunger , and the chance of perishing miserably in a wilderness shut out from the knowledge of civilized men , the missionary pursued his way , an apostle and a pioneer , without fear , without egotism , without desire of reward . Such a work , accomplished by such a man , deserves all the eulogy that can be bestowed upon it , for nothing ia more rare than brilliant and unsullied success .
More interesting , however , than the geographical delineation of interior Africa is effected by 3 > r . Livingstone , in his account of its varieties of climate and population . Turn to any Gazetteer , and we find the mysterious expanses of the south described as blazing in the rays of an insufferable-sini , and only tolerable to the tropic constitution , of tli e Ethiopian race . Many circumstances combined to perpetuate this illusion . As the Portuguese in the East , during the sixteenth century , were accustomed to describe the
Spice Islands as inaccessible desolations , encompassed by rocks , shoals , and nil the dangers of tlie sea , so the Boer settlers along the outskirts of African civilization were eager to build up a barrier of invisible terrors between the coast and the central kingdoms of the south . Their object was monopoly , of course . Had Dr . Livingstone been persuaded by their representations , lie would never have ventured into a region swarming . vith black savages and poisonous snakes , and breathed over by burning winds ,
DEL LIVINGSTONE . Dr . Livingstone's great achievement may be described in a few words : —ho has explored the whole of the immense region of Southern Africa , from the Atlantic to the Eastern ocean . He has discovered rivers , lakes , cities , nations , even a now climate . First , he penetrated from the Cape of Good Hope upwards to Lake Ngami , and thence , by a direct route , to Linyanti , a point more than twenty-four degrees from the southern
extremity of the continent . Being now within ten degrees of the Equator , he struck off to the west , and succeeded in reaching the Portuguese settlements on the coast . Following these indications on the map , the reader will immediately perceive what vast blanks of geography were removed in the course of this single journey . Prom the western coast , Dr . Livingstone returned to Linyanti , and followed the course of the Zambesi river to its junction with the eastern waters in the channel of Mozambique . Mark these routes upon the map with a red lino
and it will intersect Africa from the south hundreds of miles beyond the limits of all former research ; and from ocean to ocean , from west to east , through regions hitherto as unknown as America before the voyages of Columbus . Moreover , Dr . Livinostonic carried with him a proficient knowledge of at least five sciences , so that aB he journeyed ho made incessant observations , astronomical , geological , and geometrical , marked the varieties of climate , and took botanical and zoological notes innumerable . Still further , ho collected a large store of information connected with the commercial products of the various territories he traversed , the industrial
propagators of pestilence and corruption . But he refused to take alarm , and pushed on . Sixteen degrees of latitude were found as hot and arid as they had been pictured ; the western coast was indeed a serpent-breeding maze of swamps and forests ; the eastern coast was often uninhabitable by Europeans ; but beyond the twentieth degree of south latitude , not only a different race , but a different country was found . It was elevated , it was cooled by pleasant breezes , it abounded in fruit and grain , it was watered by a perfect maze of rivers and streams of nil sizes . Some
of them were broad and deep , and never dry during the hottest season . This was tho time homo of tho Nigritian family , not of the rusty Bechuana , but of tho curly-headed , jetblack Negro , who was once transported from thoBe remote kingdoms to the British West Indian settlements , and who is even now brought down , at times , to the coast , and shipped for Cuba or Brazil . Those nations have never carried on , however , nny direct communication with the sea , the maritime tribes and colonists having cut tliom oil—a policy wliieh it will bo difficult to carry out after the researches of Dr . Livingstone have
been made known to tl . o commercial communities of Europe and America . It will no longer bo possible to delude the natives by accounts of English cannibalism . The great river discovered by Dr . Livingstone , which intersects the southern region of tho continent from one sea-board to another , travcrsingin tho interior territories abounding in natural riches , and inhabited by an intel-
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1212 THE LMBEB , [ No . 352 , SATTmi ** " ^ ' "'• " -.... _ . 9
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 20, 1856, page 1212, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2172/page/12/
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