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Tuesday , Tebruary 3 rd , The sessioBHof 1857 was inaugurated on Tuesday- The Queen , .. •<• £ ^ previously announced , did not hfflself open , the JHtawes , ; * ad the nnbttfc interest was : dttwrafiMce less thaitrSBual , albiere being £ jhat little state sttew toatttract the flteyal or . rthe idle . Ithe JETouse of Lords ( # id not sho ^ ananyspiers , but ft * peensses' gallery TOW well filled « nd th ** li plomati <> fOorps w « s present in aew&dsrable < BaiaiH 0 SK The Itfafti Qdaaniissioness « ore—the Lord Cfcwrcellor , tlie USterl of < "Sffarrowbj r , thXt Duke of Argyll , Lord Stanley of Alderley , aiul Earl Spencer . These noblemen baring entered the House of Lords , the Commons were summoned ; and , on tie members of the Lower House making their appearance headed by the Speaker , The Lord Chancellob read the following as
THE ROYAL SPEECH . " My Lords and Gentlemen , " We are commanded to assure you that her Majesty has great satisfaction in recurring again to the advice and assistance of her Parliament . " "We are commanded by her Majesty to inform you that difficulties , which arose in regard to some of the provisions of the Treaty of Paris , delayed the complete execution of the stipulations of that Treaty . Those difficulties have been overcome in a satisfactory manner , and the intentions of the Treaty have been fully maintained .
" An insurrectionary movementwhich took place in September last in the Swiss Canton of Neufchntel , for the purpose of re-establishing in that canton the authority of the King of Prussia as Prince of Neufchatel , led to serious differences between his Prussian Majesty and the Swiss Confederation , threatening at any one time to disturb the general peace of Europe . "But her Majesty ommands us to inform you that , in concert with her august ally tlie Emperor of the French , she is endeavouring to bring about an amicable settlement of the matters in dispute , and her Majesty entertains a confident expectation that an honourable and satisfactory arrangement will be concluded .
"In consequence of certain discussions which took place during the Conferences at Paris , and which are recorded in the protocols that were laid before you , her Majesty and the Emperor of the French caused communications to be made to the Government of the King of the Two Sicilies , for the purpose of inducing him to adopt a course of policy calculated to avert dangers which might disturb that peace which had been so recently restored to Europe . " Her Majesty commands us to inform you , that the manner in which those friendly communications were received by his Sicilian Majesty was such as to lead her Majesty and the Emperor of the French to discontinue their diplomatic relations with his Sicilian Majesty , and they have , accordingly , withdrawn their missions from the Court of Naples .
" Her Majesty has directed that papers relating to this subject shall be laid before you . " Her Majesty commands us to inform you that she has heen engaged in negotiations with the Government of the United States , and also with the Government of Honduras , which she trusts will be successful in removing all cause of misunderstanding with respect to Central America . " Her Majesty has concluded a Treaty of Friendship and Commerce with Siam , which will be " laid before you . " Her Majesty commands us to express to you her regret that the conduct of the Persian Government has led to hostilities between her Majesty and the Shah of Persia . The Persian Government , in defiance of repeated warnings , and in violation of its engagements , haa besieged anxl captured the important city of Herat .
" Wo are commanded by her Majesty to inform you that a British naval and military force despatched from Bombay has taken possession of the Island of Karrack , and of the town of Bushiro , with a view to induce tho Shah to accede to tlio just demands of her Majesty ' s Government . Her Majesty has seen with satisfaction that the naval and military forces employed on this occasion have displayed their accustomed gallantry and spirit . " Her Majesty commands us to inform you that acts of violence , insults to tho British ( lag , and infraction of Treaty rights , committed by tho local Chinese authorities at Canton , and a pertinacious refusal of redress , have rondorod it necessary for her Majesty's officers in China to have recourse to measures of force to obtain satisfaction .
" Thoso measures had , up to tho date of tho last accounts , been taken -with groat forbearance , but -with signal success as regards the conflicts to which they hud lodi Wo aro commanded to inform you that her Miijest y trusts that tho Government of Pckin will seo tho propriety of affording tho satisfaction demanded , and of jfiiithfully fulfilling its Treaty eugngemanls . " Gentlemen of tho House of Commons , " Her Mnjcsty Iuih directed tlio lCstimatcss for tho enfiuuig your to bo laid before you . > " They lmvo been prepared with every attention to economy , nntl with a duo regard to tho efficient performance of tho public service at home and abroad .
" ' ** My Lords andGentlemen , — " Her aii ^ tetjrv commands us to inform you that l « ii wiU . be submitted to your consideration for the consor dafion atfl ithe-amendment of important portions of "t ^ " law , araft- > 9 iec Majesty doubts not that you will «* your ewrn ^ etmttention to matters so deeply affecting ^ th intereetatflf sfil-classes of her subjects . " Her Majesty commands us to recommend to your consideraiion the expediency of renewing for a forth period the-privileges of the Bank of England , the con 3 j&MB » 5 mp 6 sed on the issue of bank-notes in the United fflilftgdom , and the state of the law relating to 77 » nf Stock Banks . ° oint "
" Her-Majesiy commands ' tis to express the gratifica tion which it affords her to Witness the general well " being and contentment of her people , and to "' find that notwithstanding the sacrifices unavoidabl y attendant upon such a war as that which has lately terminated the resources of the country remain unimpaired , and its productive industry continues unchecked in its course of progressive development . " Her Majesty commits with confidence the great interests of the country to your wisdom and care , and she fervently prays that the blessing of Almighty God may attend your deliberations , and prosper your councils for the advancement of the welfare and happiness of her loyal and faithful people . " After the reading of the Speech , both Houses adjourned until evening .
THE ADDRESS . The Houses reassembled at five o ' clock . In the House of Lords , the Earl of Cork moved the Address in answer to her Majesty ' s Speech , commenting previously , from a Ministerial point of view , on the conclusion of the Peace Conferences , the failure of the attempt to disturb the repose of Europe by the Neufchatel cmenie , the necessity which existed for resisting the aggressions of Persia and the insolence of the Chinese , and the condition of the three kingdoms , which , he said , indicated industrial prosperity . —The Address was seconded by the Earl of Airue .
The Earl of Derby objected to the shadowy nature of the Royal Speech , and observed that P .-irliament would be wanting in its duty if it did not insist on the termination of the income-tax in 1860 . He also noted with dissatisfaction that the Speech did not contain the formerly well-known paragraph in which we were told that peace had been steadily maintained . The affair at Neufchatel would probably have been more speedily and more completely arranged if our ally , the Emperor of the French , had not been interfered with .
As regards Naples , we had played with the cause of Italian liberty . Ministers , also , had committed a grave error in not assembling Parliament when the war with Persia became inevitable ; and the same remark applied to our proceedings in China , where the English authorities bad committed an indiscriminate slaughter of the innocent and the guilty . He ( the Earl of Derby ) would not move an amendment to the Address ; but " he confessed he could not look upon the state of our foreign relations without distrust and misgiving .
The Earl of Clarendon defended the course pursued by Government in its foreign policy , and denied that Ministers had unduly meddled in the affairs of other countries . The capture of so important a city as Herat had rendered the Persian war absolutely necessary ; and the conduct of the Chinese , in refusing to hold communication with our officials , compelled us to resort to hostilities . Earl Grey strongly condemned the Persian war , which he considered had been prompted by the bugbear of
Russian influence , though , if Persia really had any leanings towards Ituasia , the attack we had made on the Shah would bo very likely to throw him into the arms of the latter power . His lordship concluded by moving an amendment to the Address , to the effect that tho Government should have summoned Parliament together before declaring war with Persia . —Lord Gkanvi ixu replied , defending the policy of the Government , und expressing a hope that Earl Grey would not stand to his amendment , though tho Ministry was quite ready lo meet him .
Lord BnouoiiAM spoko strongly against a further continuance of tho income-tax , and urged tiio necessity that existed for legal roform . —Tho Loitn Cjianokjxok agreed in this necessity , and said he had given notice that ho meant to introduce several bills for the reform of tho law , more especially with reference to lniirriftge and divorce , testamentary jurisdiction , and ccolnsiaiaiciil matters . Iii the lower House , bills would be introduced to meet those crimes of breach of trust which had latterly shocked the public to ho great an extent , and to clU'd a roform in secondary punishments . Earl Grky ' s aincudinont was then put , and their Lordships divided , when thorc appeared , For tlio amendment—¦ Content \ 2 Non-con ( out < 1 / J
Majority against tho amendment ... — >'! Their LorduhipH them adjourned . In tlio HoiiHiuii '' Commons , tho Address wan moved by Bir . John Ramhdkn , who after remarking upon the topicH which were also touched upon by tho mover « u < l Hccundor of tlio AddrcHH in tlio Lordn , alluded lo our convict mid criminal population , observing thut . the present ytuto of things is dingraccful to tho Legislature niul
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122 THE LEA D B ' R . [ No . 359 , Sattjbjdav _—_^^ — . ¦ ¦ . — - * ... . — - ¦¦¦ — ' - » . — -- __' . _^ i _ r ^_/ _ L-i ¦ ¦ ..... -.. _ .- _ 9 d 0 V ^ _ . ¦ ¦ - * ¦ ^—^—¦ ^—^— ¦
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1 MPEB 1 AL PARLIAMENT . *— . .
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Kepiucskntation of DuMirrurcssmuis . —Tho friends of Lord Henry Scott , observing tho very general feeling in favour of Mr . Hope JohnBtono of Annandale , as oxpiesscd at public meetings oC tho electors on the 21 st aiul 28 th of January , have resolved to withdraw Lord Hcmy . Mr . . Tohnstono is therefore the only candidate for tho representation of Dumfriesshire . RispiUssuNTATiON ov CoLOHESTicit . — Lord John
Manners has issued an addreas to the electors of this borough , intimating that ho is about to retire from the representation , because ho believes it to bo his duty to como forward as a . candidate for tho constituency hitherto represented by his brother , tho now Duke of Itutliuul—viz ., North Leicestershire . Thero nro alreadyfour candidates in tho field for Colchostcr—two Conacr-TOtivoa , a Whig , nnd a nondescript .
JCjum SouxirAMPTON Eucotcon . —Tho nomination will take plaeo on Monday , and tho polling on Tuesday . SAT . iroitD Eucotion . —Mr . Langworthy ( Liberal ) \ rnn OH Monday elected for Salford , without opposition .
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of their wretchedness shall be investigated , and to give them meanwhile guidance and support . What is given to them , is reproach and penal labour ! Not-withstanding the opposition , to some points in the treaty on Central America ,,, < feb . e coniraiitee of the Senate on Foreign A ^ fB ^ TW- ' aaVisedilSttrt ; Mie ratified . No doubt there are : advantages in ( fihe
treaty for both countries . It sttBtfles many dispttiaaft points ., and the concessions bgp < J 3 reat Britain ffl * e unquestionable . S&sftso are ^ fes concessioniMSfti the other side , and we are inclined to believe that Mr . Dallas might have attained all he did without conceding points which are scarcely appreciated here , and have been strongly felt in the committee of the Senate .
The public in this country will be rather perplexed to see an open opponent of the Presidentelect appointed by the suffrages of . Pennsylvania against the presidential candidate . The real causes , however , are extra-political . No doubt Mr . Cameron has ^ had aid from the political opponents of the new * President , but he did not rely exclusively upon their support . He was formerly a zealous advocate of Mr . Buchanan ; and he might , we think , have remembered past times- But with some men the memory of a former friendship is a motive for vindictive bitterness . Mr . Cameron
has used immense exertions to effect a coup-iVetat against a man whom he once upheld . It is a ' personal-rather-than" a . political success , obtained by desperate exertions not altogether of a political
kind . . On another point our expectations are completely fulfilled . The Austrian amnesty , and even the illumination at Milan , is now known to have been got up by the mob under Austrian instigation . Statesmanship is descending indeed to lower depths . The French Empire and . the clergy thereof h&ve jbeen saved , for Yjergeb . has been guillotined without being allowed to open his mouth .
The annals of the Law Courts give us a glimpse of high life—the Marquis of Bath taking petits soupers with "le Traviate" in Denbigh-street , Pimlico . The case is interesting . The Marquis is no worse than others—nay , he is better than most of us ; for he belongs to the highest class in the land , and is a born legislator . He belongs to the same privileged class with Lord Cakdigah and Lord Maxmesbtjuy , who , on the second night of
Parliament , occupy the "Upper" House for a whole sitting with their purely personal affronts . " Unable tp " call out" Major Caltiiorpe for a clever book mingled with follies , The Realities of the War ~ LiOxA Cardigan comes to ask the House of Lords for redvess . He bints that Government should cashier the Major—he wants the servant turned away * because ; he speaks ill of a Lord 1 What , then , should be done with Cardigan and Lucan—one of whom
tries to write , and the other threatens us with a hook—by somebody ? Lord Malmeshuiiy is offended because the New Forest Commissioners will not attend to him !—an indignity which lie ascribed to a ( prancing attorney / when it was really clue to tho caracoling Commissioners . They arc very ' emvising , ' these Lords , whether in their Crimea , their Denbigh-street , or their own ' House . '
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Feb. 7, 1857, page 122, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2179/page/2/
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