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style . He brought forward his motion against Maynooth , and delivered a speech of the old materials ; but the members on his own side went to dinner ; the majority of the Liberal members greeted every person who rose with shouts of " Divide !" and on a division the motion for a committee to consider the endowment Acts of Maynooth was negatived by 125 to 91 . So , < the throat of that question is cut for the session ; which may in eonsequence be- so many days the shorter ; and a short session is the grand object .
A short session this year , an important session next year — such is the arrangement that ' proposes . ' . It is that future of 185 S that engrosses Mr . Disraeli ' s attention . When Lord Pai-iierston invites him to call upon him in Cambridge House to consider the arrangement for Eriday night , and the duet which the two were to perform on the subject of the Princess ' s dowry , Mr . Disraeli pleaded a more important engagement at Newport Pagnell among the Buckinghamshire farmers . His object in going down to consult
with those statesmen was to arrange a Reform Bill agitation for 1 S 58 . Ho explained to them how , on any previous increase of the franchise , the towns had been getting members at the expense of the country —' the proportion of members to population is about two and a half for the towns against one for the country ; and since the land is the great Conservative interest , Mr . Disraeli insists—should the representation be revised—that there shall be a
larger allowance of members for the agricultural population . This would be compensation both for the ' unrestricted competition' to which agriculture has been exposed , and for the '" Reform Bill of 1832 . Among the strange exhibitions of the day , perhaps the Court of Common Council"in London City presented not the least curious . On Thursday it conferred the freedom of the City on Dr . Livingstone , a raoustached missionary who preaches the extension of commerce in Africa . After that real
step in one of the best Christian crusades ever contemplated , the court carried almost unanimously Mr . Ross ' s motion for a committee to inquire into the mode of improving the dwellings of the working classes . This is social action in its best aspects . Marylebone parish seems to be going mad with local vanity—or rather its Board of Guardians is . The Board has lately sent a deputation to Sir Benjamin Hall , as member for Maryleboue , calling upon him to assist it in preventing ' the encroachment of the Poor Law Commissioners , ' because the
Commissioners have inquired into the flogging of women and the brutal treatment" of idiots . The vain Board pretends , indeed , to assert its rights irrespectively of its conduct ; it purposes to reverse the principle of Mr . Drummond ' s maxim , and to separate rights and duties . The courtesy of the Member , the policy of the Statesman , prevented Sir Benjamin from laughing in tho face of the Board .
A splendid illustration of the relations between England and America was afforded in the Niagara that arrived at Gravcsend last week ; it is a frigate , but of immense proportions . Two facts will illustrate tliis better than any measurements : to make tho voice heard from one end to the other , orders arc issued through tubes ; yet this immense screw frigate will make seventeen knots an hour under sail alone .
Wo have , as Sir Charles Wood confesses , no such vessel in our service—nothing to compare with it . It has come over hero to show us how Americans can build , although they do not expend 8 , 000 , 000 / . on their navy . And it has como ovor hero to iissiut m completing our ' entangling alliance' by laying down the tolograph cablo botweon Enciiuul and America .
If tho cablo were already in existence , it miohl , ho turned to immediate account ; for a mos , sii" ( would bo sonl ; ovor to anticipate tho arrival of M Charles Tiiurnjoyssen , who is supposed to bo ainong ^ tho passengers of tho Arabia , flying from liabilities to the amount of nonrly a million sterling .
This is the nephew of the eminent Paris banker , the conspicuous agent of the great Russian railway scheme , tire associate of the Pereires and other magnificent-speculators-who have given such a new turn to the-financial-operations of all the great continental ci 36 ies . Who is to bolt next ? That is the question ; , iboth in Paris and London . ¦\ Viiile the Executive is 'hesitating boih in : naval and-military "reforms , tob have further proofa-of the mutinous spirit that is ^ pvea&ing in the Bengal native army . The Nineteenth has ocen disbanded , and without a fight . But mutiny has been flagrant in the Thkfcjpfourth , which wiUjprobably be disbanded also . It is doubtful whether anything will fully restore the moral health of the troops , except employment .
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Monday , May 18 < A . Ml * raA . DMINISTRATTON OF JUSTICE IN INDIA 1 « ^ the Hoitse of Lords , Lord Campbell presented petition , signed by persons of rank , wealth , and educa tion in Bombay , complaining of the manner in wiiic u justice Ja administered in India by the civil sen-ants of the Company , and praying for the establishment of a supreme eourt in Bombay , composed of English lawyers with a certain number of members to be appointed bv the Governor-General m Council , and that they shall form a united court .
. THE ALTERATIONS VS , ST . JAMES ' S PARK . The Earl of Malmesbury , reverting to a subject which he had brought forward on the previous Friday night , inquired by what authority the Minister for Public " Works had incurred the serious expenses attending the improvements in St . James ' s Park . Presuming that some correspondence on the subject had taken place between that functionary and the Treasury , he asked to have the documents published for the information of Parliament . —Earl Granville promised to lay the papers on their Lordships' table .
MARRIAGE OF THK PRINCESS ROYAL . The Lord Chancellor read the following message from the Crown : — " Her Majesty , having agreed to a marriage between the Princess Royal and his Roj-al Highness Prince Frederick William of Prussia has thought fit to communicate the same to the House of Lords . Her Majesty is fully persuaded that this alliance cannot but be acceptable to all her Majesty ' s faithful subjects ; and the many proofs which the Queen has received of the affectionate attachment of this House to her Majesty ' s person and family leave her no room to doubt of the ready concurrence of this House in such measures as may contribute to the conclusion of the marriage of her eldest daughter , and may be suitable to the dignity of the Crown and the honour of the country . "
Earl Granvtlle then proposed an Address to her Majesty , expressing the affectionate attachment of the House to her Majesty , their sense of the merits of her Koyal Highness , and their regard to the dignity of the Royal Family and the honour of the country . —This address , after a few observations , of the usual loyal character , from the Earl of Derby , was unanimously agreed to .
PROBATES AND LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION BILL . The Lord Chancellor moved the second reading of this bill , which he had brought before the House in the last session of Parliament . lie proposed that the judge of the Prerogative Court should be the judge of the New Court of Probate at a salary of 4000 / . a year , and that he should transact the matrimonial and divorce business , which would not impose too much labour upon him . There would be thirty-six or thirty-seven district courts of probate , which would coincide as much as possible with the existing diocesan districts ; hut these
courts were to have no contentious jurisdiction whatever . He proposed that , where parties are deprived of offices by the bill , they should be compensated , if some corresponding offices could not be provided for them . Every one appointed under the bill would bo paid by salary , except the district registrars , who would receive fees . The proctors would be continued ; but their foes would be regulated by the court . —The Bishop of Banook objected to the bill , which was supported by the Uishop of London and Lord Campbell . —The bill was then read a second time .
DIFFERENT CLASSES OF DEBTS . In tho House of Commons , in answer to Mr . George Olive , the Attorney-General said ho had often thought that the difference between speciality and simple contract debts in the administration of the estates of deceased persons should be abolished . Tho distinction exists in courts of law , but not of equity . It was his intention , immediately after the Whitsuntide recess , to introduce a bill to remedy that and some other evils .
THE VICTORIA CROSS . Major Knox naked whether there was any objection to publish a list of the officers and men whoso names had been sent in by Ihoir respective commanding oflicers to tho authorities for the Victoria Cross , but w had n ot been aolected for that distinguished honour . —Sir John Kamsden thouglit it would not be desirable to publish such a list ; for , though it would be gratifying to thoso included in it , it would give disappointment to limny who wore not loss deserving , but who were not so
lortunato . TIU-: PRINCUfltt KOYAL . Lord Palmekston appeared at the bar , and read » message from tlm Crown , to the eamo ofl ' uet , iiml « nearly the samo language , as that prc .-K-iuetl t ( j ilx 0 Lords , but witli the addition of a rcc | iiOHt that the H """" will make suitable provision for the Prini-iw 1 J " - " , Tho Premier them moved uu Address , thanking 1 ' , " » ia ~ ^ josty for tho communication , expressing ""''' " ''"'¦''' mIio the proposed alliunci' , and assuring her Mnji ' . - 't y ui .-ii i Uouso Would immediately procood to consider Urn Hu re . — Tho motion wan seconded by Mr . 1 ) l * ; Y ' ' ! uagreed to hum . con . —On tins motion of Lord ' - < '• hton , hor MaJoHty ' H Mossogo was ordered to \> o ' » " into consideration on tho ensuing Friday ( ye « toru < n )¦
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MR . DISRAELI IN BUCKINGHAMSHIRE . The two members for Buckinghamshire dined on " Wednesday with several of their constituents at the Anchor Hotel , Newport Pagnell . After dinner , Mr . Disraeli delivered a Iolng speech on the chief topics of the day . Referring to the recent gold discoveries , he said they had baffled the calculations both of the advocates and of the opponents of Free-trade , and ought probably to be regarded as a Providential interposition for stimulating the consuming powers of the world and producing new markets . For the present , a high rate of interest on capital prevails ; but he still believed , as he always had , that the ultimate result of the gold discoveries will be to diminish the rate of interest on money . With respect to Parliamentary Reform , Mr . Disraeli repeated those opinions with reference to the act of 1832 with which the public is already familiar . " Some tell you that population is the element of a representative system ; others tell you property is the proper element ; a third party tells you that property and population should be taken together ; and a fourth tells you that population and property always go together and cannot be separated . B * ut I think there is one element in a
representative government which is still more important than even population or property . I mean prescription . { Hear , hear . ) An old European country , and especially England , obeys the authority to which it is accustomed . But no country of the antiquity of our own , no country where so artificial a system of society and of credit exists as in this , ever can sustain perpetual changes of government , and will always have a bias for obeying the authority which is traditionary . " ( Hear , hear . ) Mr . Disraeli then quoted figures to show that in many instances large county constituencies have fewer representatives than smaller constituencies among the boroughs . This , said Mr . Disraeli , is a greater anomaly than that of which the Radicals complain when they say that some large towns have fewer members than some of the counties . " I
know it will be said that there is a fallacy in the observations that I have addressed to you . It will be said that I have merely taken the population represented by the towns , and that , on an hypothesis that is perfectly unjustifiable , have assumed that the rest of the population is a rural and county population , whereas there is an immense number of people who live in towns who are not represented . I will meet that answer . There are 144 county members in England , and they represent a population of 9 , 770 , 000 , which gives one member of Parliament for every 07 , 888 inhabitants . There are 319 borough members , representing a population of
7 , 144 , 000 , which gives one member i ' or every 22 , 384 . I shall deduct tho population of the unrepresented towns , which are supposed to bo represented by the county members . Their population is exactly 1 , 000 , 000 . Therefore tho 144 county members will represent 8 , 777 , 000 , which gives one member for every GO , 809 persons ; while tho 319 borough members will represent a population of 8 , 144 , 678 , giving ono member for overy 25 , 535 . So that when I huve rectified the balance and thrown into the boroughs what they have no right to have , tho case stands thus—that you have ono member in tho counties for every 01 , 000 , and one in the boroughs for overy 25 , 000 . Are not these important facts ?"
Tho speaker thon glanced at tho affairs of tho church , observing : —" While , on tho one hand , what wo familiarly cull ' low church' has chocked tho advance of priostly domination , on the other hand , what we call 1 high church' has saved us from tho consequences of latitudinariun practices . I am myself in favour of that via media which tho moat eminent prelates of tho country have , ovor since the Reformation , maintained and upheld . I dosiro to sec a full and complete ecclesiastical establishment on tho basis of a true Protestant feeling ; but , at tho same timo , I wish to soo our ecclesiastical
polity maintained in its spirit and truth . " Of churchrates , Mr . Disraeli remarked that , " if tho conscientious objection of individuals is to bo allowed to prevail against tho maintenance of a national institution , ho was at a loss to understand how any national institution was to bo uphold . " Having exhorted tho agriculturists to rouse themselves in tho dofonco of their rights , Mr . Disraeli concluded by observing that , notwithstanding their groat abilities and honesty , many of tho gonUunum who liavo fulled to obtain floats in tho now Parliament aro hotter out of tho House than in it , booiuiHO they did not sufficiently uoknowlc-dgo tho oxcolloiico of party spirit .
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IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT . -A
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482 T H E LEADER . [ No . _ j 74 _ gATOia ) AY ,
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Leader (1850-1860), May 23, 1857, page 482, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2194/page/2/
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