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Leader (1850-1860), 8th August 1857, Edition 1 of 2, Page 760, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      cubic inches , as opposed to 27 , 000 cubic inches in the quiet sitting posture , and the wear of the body would be in a somewhat similar proportion . . Dr . Smith then proceeded to consider the effects of this exertion upon the system , and showed that the excessive exercise of the lungs and heart must ultimatel y produce consumption , asthma , and congestion of various organs , with disease of the heart ; and iu persons with diminished capacity of the t the effect must

      lungs and ' weak hears , ' sooner be . injurious . As to food , Dr . Smith states his opinion that the reparative ( nitrogenous ) food , such as flesh and bread , was very ample in the first class , and required revisiou only in the distributing of it , —as , for example , the removal of 2 oz . or 3 oz . of the Goz . of cooked meat , allowed at the dinner four times per week , to the breakfast , which consists only of bread and cocoa . lie also pointed out the importance to all , but especially to those who could masticate but imperfectly , of rendering the meat tender , and

      of allowing more time between the meal and the return to work , on the ground that otherwise the food is partly wasted , and the disturbed stomach seriously hinders the action of the lungs and heart . The great and most serious defect which he pointed out was in the respiratory food , since neither fat nor sugar is allowed , except in combination , as in the -Jjy part of an ox-head , or the briskets of beef , and in 2 oz . of milk and cocoa . J ^ o sugar , lard , suet , bacon , butter , or dripping are allowed , and of course beer and alcoholic liquors are excluded , and these , with starch , are almost the sole articles _ which meet the

      wants of respiration . Dr . Smith has explained the mode of working the Wheel , and showed that the labour consists not only in raising the bodyas the wheel descends , but in maintaining it erect in opposition to gravity , since the centre of gravity is external to and in front of the body He proved that it is an unequal punishment , the inequality not being that of guilt , but of physical conformation and health : and , moreover , that the , resistance

      offered by the wheel is not uniform in various prisons , and has been greater than it now is in the Coldbath-fields , and hence that the lives of the prisoners are at the mercy of uneducated engineers . He proved that the old , the tall , the heavy , the feeble , those having unsound teeth , and diseased lungs and heart , those not accustomed to climbing

      and slow walking , and those with small bones and muscles of the arms , shoulders , and back , must suffer the most ; and hence , that the punishment falls with different degrees of severity upon different classes . He also pointed out the fact that weak hearts and lessened vital capacity of the lunge may exist with a fair amount and appearance of health , and hence would not be necessarily known to

      the prisoner or to the surgeon on a cursory examination . He was of opinion that it is a punishment ; unfit for the age ( as its discontinuance in many prisons seemed also to imply ) , and was certain , if long continued , to induce disease and a premature old age , find not only render the . prisoners a greater cost to the community whilst in . prison , by reason of the increased quantity of food which the labour demands , but subsequently to their parish ; and siuce the labour is not omployod to meet the cost of maintenance of those who furnish the power , it ) is so much of human flesh and life wasted . Each hour's exercise on the tread wheel is equivalent to walking three times up the Great Pyramid .

      Untitled Article

      YOUNG TOltY GARBLING . A weekly journal , which was formerly supposed to represent a juvenile section of the Tory party , endeavours to attract our attention in a singularlyamusing- way . It publishes a letter supposed to have been written in Paris , and professing to contain an extract from the Leader of July 25 th . Our readers are probably aware that when this journal expresses opinions on French affairs , it is generally seized by the French police ; and although it may be possible to obtain a sig ht of it , we doubt much whether any one so umnfluential as the correspondent of our contemporary must be could have

      enjoyed that privilege . The letter in question was apparently fabricated in London . We should not have thought it necessary to advert to this subject if the writer had exhibited common honesty in his quotation . But , instead of giving our words , he makes up an extract of detached phrases in order to prove that we have sympathies with assassins . Any of our readers can convince themselves , by turning back to the number in question , that we never used such an expression as , " Proceedings are carried on for months in secrecy against Liberals who have not been successful . " It wo had , however , no candid pen ever

      would have put upon it the distorted interpretation of par contemporary . The gist of our remarks was that wo did not believe that assassination was intended—no one does believe that now;—that every conspiracy , when a conspiracy does take placeand there seoms to have been no real conspiracy this time—is travestied by the police into an attempt against the life of the Emperor;—and that uninformed and malicious persons , like the writer of the letter wo refer to , are eager to seize on the calumnies of the agents of power in Paris and to circulate them for the purpose of damaging the Liberal

      cause . Tlio assertion that wo writo in the interest of the Orleans dynasty is indeed 'too ridiculous to merit remark . ' Wo suspect that Olarcmont would bo as eager to disclaim any such alliance aa we ourselves . However , wo may admit that any government based at all on law and the popular will- —whether oapped by a D'OiUiEans or a Republican General—would seem to ua preferable to the present violent and corrupt rtigitne . . We arc represented to have wrongly desoribed the proceedings of the French criminal courts . What wo said was , that the ' public trial' was

      secretl y prepared long before ; and that no means of check existed . That this is the case in France every one knows ; but our statement receives confirmation from the well-known article of the Montteiir itself . The alleged conspirators seem to have been actually in the hands of the police long before the public knew anything of the mattery and the French Government takes credit for not publishing the circumstance during the elections . As to the fact that an appeal is allowed , every one knows that ; but the verdict cannot be said-to be definitively given until that appeal is decided on . The execution following the rejection of the appeal has

      been on more than one notorious occasion disgracefully precipitated . We chose as an illustration the case of Veuger—a criminal with whom , though lie did assassinate a Catholic archbishop , even the bitterest Protestant can scarcely feel any sympathy . Thatmiserable man appealed against his sentence . His appeal was rejected on a Thursday evening ; but the fact was kept from him until eight in the morning n ext day , and at half-past eight he was no more . Our contemporary makes us say—by dint of jumbling scattered sentences together—" The verdict is hurried on—the sentence is pronounced—the scaffold is raised with disgraceful precipitation—the condemned is dragged under the knife , his remonstrances are stifled , mid , as the French reporters phrase it , ' human justice' is satisfied . " Our readers will hardly believe that we are gravely rebuked for applying this description to the Cour d'Assizes ; and told that we confound its proceedings

      with "the ordinary proceedings of the Police Gorrectionelle , which has only a circumscribed and inferior power ! " We now learn , for the first time , that the guillotine is used for the purpose of punishing street squabbles and the vulgar peccadilloes of town life . We need do no more than repeat— -without reference to our contemporary— that the system adopted by many London journals of publishing and aggravating charges inade against individuals with whose political opinions they differ—whilst those individuals are on trial for their lives—is highly improper aud unjust . It should be remembered , too , that all articles condemnatory of the French Government are rigidly excluded from France , whilst all articles that flatter it and pander to its purposes are eagerly translated ; and the loyal Parisian population is told : " See what our unbiased neighbours think !"

      Lord G11anvillf8 Rhadamanthus

      LORD GllANVILLE'S RHADAMANTHUS . IiAix week , at a provincial meeting , Lord G « A , Nvxi-ii » and Lord Godebioh stood upon

      the . same platform . Lord G-odebich spoke of 'his noble friend Lord GrBAirvi . ipji < fe ; Lord OiiANVixiiic of his ' noble friend' Lord Gtodebich . ¦ " For six weeks / ' the Earl said , elegantly pointing to the Viscount , " he has been sitting in judgment upon me . " In judgment ? In justification ! Can a Viscount sit in judgment upon an Earl , especially ¦ when it is his noble friend ? We fear not ; we fear , moreover , that to be noble is to be not liberal . You can scarcely help it . Xou are the member of a select circle , and how

      can you jar upon its harmony ? If a juryman in a box saw a friend , albeit not noble , in the dock , indicted for misdemeanour , shall we not pardon something to friendship when the dear companion of the dinnertable puts his hand upon his heart and says , " Not guilty , upon my honour !" Thus , Lord Godebich , with the best possible intentions , took part with the noble Three—Belpek , Habeowb y , Gbantille— and was smiled upon by Mr . Estcoubt for so doing — -Estcotjbt the blameless , beloved of Pal-MEBsTOisr . We have a sympathy with this

      freemasonry ; but it is too bad that Lord G-banvii / le should talk of Lord Gobebigh as sitting in judgment upon him . Besides , Lord Granville was accommodated with a seat upon the bench , and permitted to construe his own conduct as he pleased . To liberal constituencies it may be hinted that noblemen are not adapted to do ' their work $ the Earl and Countess will have their way , whatever the electors think ; and if Lord Goderich is member for the West Hiding , is he not also heir to the Earldom of fiipon , and will he not be Gbajtviixe ' s junior on the bench of Earls ?

      Untitled Article

      * WK > THE -Ia-E A DEB . [ No . 385 , AtrcrosT 8 , 1857 .

      Untitled Article

      Fishmongers' Hali-. —Tho anniversary festival of the Fishmongers' Company was held last Saturday being the day on which the coat and bndge given by Thomas Doggett , the famous coniedian , in commemoration of the . accession of the family- of her present Majesty to the throne , was rowed for by six young watermen . Mr . Graham , Prime Warden , took the chair , and was supported by a very large company , among whom were Lord Brougham , Lord John Russell , Mr . Vernon Smith , Sir Benjamin Hall , Mr . Robert Lowe , Major-General Sir W . F . Williams , Bart ., M . P ., Lieutenant-Colonel Teesdale , Admiral Bowles , Sir K . Ferguson , M . P ., Mr . Crawford , M . P ., &c . Various speeches were delivered by the chief guests , and tho present state of

      India was alluded to by Sir W . F . Williams and Mr . Vernon Smith , with a gravity befitting the crisis , but with confidence as to the result . Lord John Russell , in the course of his speech , adverted to tho system of carrying on elections in this country , and observed that , although it was to be regretted that so distinguished a man as the Vice-President of tho Board of Trade should have been the victim of popular excess , ptill he would rather see that excess of free election than have tho mode pursued in France adopted in this country . ( Ilearhear . ) They could not have free election without a good deal pf abuse , and he would rather have tho Kngliah ByBtem of complete freedom , with a little abuse , than bo liable to bo denounced bv the Prefect of the i-

      Thames as unfit to sit in Parliament . ( U . j- ^ -uv prizes were distributed to tho successful candidates during tho evening . Tub Lojrd Mayor and this SuoM-nx ^ Aoit Societies . —The boys of the several Shoe-blade Societies wore entertained , by tho Lord Mayor at his house at Wanstoad on Friday week . The boys , with their friends , loft tuc station at Fenchurch-streot at eleven o ' olopk a . m . » y special train for Loytonatono , and returned at eight o ' clock Jn tho evening . Tho numbers of tho brigades present were as follows ;—Rod ( J 2 ; bluef > i ; yol } ° ^»

      , , 40 ; brown , 20 ; green , 0 ; ami purple , 10 : total , 1 J » - On arriving at Loytonstone , tho boya walked in procession to Wanetoart Park , headed by tho bund of the Yellow Society . Tho Lord Mayor rogalod the boys witb roast boof and plum-pudding under a tont in the grounds , and aftprwarda entertained a numerous party of Indies and gentlemen at his house . Among tho company pwaont wore tho Earl of Shaftcsbury , Mr . Justice « n "L " fturton , Mr . Robert Hanbury , M . P ., tuo Rov . W . Champneys , tho Itev . W . Oadinan , &o .

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 8, 1857, page 760, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2204/page/16/