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disrespectfully to superior authorities , and of making untruthful statements . The Miutia . —The Royal Perthshire Rifle Militia have communicated to Lord Panmure their readiness to serve abroad , and it is believed his Lordship will accept their offer . —The Highland Borderers , or Stirlingshire Regiment , have offered for foreign service , but the offer has been declined by the War-office . The regiment -will be at once embodied and called out for active duty at borne . The Monster Cannon , recently conveyed to Woolwich-marsh for experiments , was subjected on Monday to a series of preliminary proofs by the firing of seven corresponding 36-inch shells , the minimum charge of powder , 101 b ., being increased at the progressive rate of 101 b . until the fifth shot , -when the charge was doubled , and the seventh and last was increased to 1501 b . The result was as follows : —First charge , 101 b ., over a range of 230 yards , the shell being embedded about five feet in the solid earth ; second , 201 b ., 500 yards ; third , 301 b ., about 780 yards ; fourth , 401 b ., 1500 yards ; fifth , 501 b ., about an equal distance with the last . The sixth charge , containing 1001 b . of powder , obtained a flight of about 2250 yards ; and the last , amounting to 1501 b ., passed some distance beyond the butt , and was buried to an immense depth in the earth . The experiments were considered extremely satisfactory , and are to be continued on some future day with heavier charges of powder .
The Reinforcements for India . —The officers and men of Captain Dyneley ' s J field-battery , of the 6 th Battalion Royal Artillery , embarked at Woolwich for India on Monday , after being inspected by Sir W . F . Williams , commandant .
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MISCELLANEOUS . The Court . —The Queen and Court arrived at London from Scotland at half-past six on the evening of yesterday week , and immediately started for Windsor , which they reached at a quarter before eight . Here her Majesty has since remained . —The Prince of Wales returned from the Continent on Monday , arriving at Dover , at half-past seven in the evening , from Ostend . Oldham Election . —Mr . W . J . ITox has been returned without opposition for Oldham , his former constituency .
The West Indies . —Trade was dull in most of the islands at the last advices , which extend from September 15 th to October 1 st , but the crops were generally in a Healthy condition . Prom E > emerara it is stated that the accounts . of the gold diggings at the Yuruari continued to excite a great deal of interest in the colony . There has been a considerable amount of rain in all the colonies , more especially in Jamaica , -where it poured for nearly a whole week without intermission , though without any injury to the crops , and at Trinidad , where the crops havo suffered considerably , and -where much loss of life has resulted from the furious violence of the rivers . Cholera has raged to an alarming extent in British Honduras . The Hon . William E . Venable , United States Minister to Guatemala , died of this disease
on the 22 nd of August , only about three weeks after his arrival . The cholera , however , has been checked in that city by the active measures taken by Government . Senora Dona Petrona Garcia de Can-era ( wife of the President of the Republic ) , Dr . Don Quirino Flores , and two other physicians , have also died . At St . Thomas ' s , the yellow fever has entirely subsided . On the 28 th and 29 th of September , the town was greatly agitated by the reopening the Roman Catholic chapel , which had been closed for a year and a half . The Governor superintended in person ; but a large party among the mob seemed to entertain bitter feelings against the priest who officiated . The riot at length became so violent as to render the presence of the military necessary . Several persons wore arrested , and order was restored by the evening of the 29 th .
The Manchester Art Treasures Kxhimtion . — This splendid museum of arts was closed last Saturday , to the groat grief of the inhabitants of the city itself , and of all who have visited the building from other localities . Banners were erected over the orchestra at the end of the edifice , and the orchestra itself was strengthened by the addition to the band of the 36 th regiment and the 4 th Dragoon Guards . At half-past four o ' clock , the National Anthem was played . The gentlemen uncovered during the performance of this , Mid , at its close , Mr . Thomas Fairbairn , chairman of tuefcxecutivo Committee , speaking from an open space mi front of the orchestra , closed the exhibition with these
vrorda : — " Ladies and Gentlemen , — The time has com * jrncn it is my duty to pronounce the last few words of Urewell , « nd to inform you that , whon you have all retired from this building , the Exhibition of Art Treasures -mu bo at an end for ever . I sincerely hope that you will never forget tho liberality which lias enabled that tSn . ) ° boforme ( l ( ' «»<* cheer *) , and that tho recollection of this building and tho unrivalled Art Trea-! j ™' 1 '? ontain ] c < 1 will assort nmon « f y ° u th 0 tr » tl 1 <> f tHo poet a words—" A thing of beauty is a joy for ever '" ~ -aomo interesting statistical particular * of tlio building » nd its contents aro given in tho Times . Tho value of tho whol « collection , it is atatcd , reached the enormous sum of 5 , 980 , 000 / . aterling . « Tho total number of
visitors since the opening has been 1 , 335 , 000 , and the number of visitors who have paid at the doors in all days amounts to 1 , 060 , 000 . The sale of season tickets has realized the respectable sum of 23 , 000 ? . When to these items are added the profits on the sale of catalogues ( of which upwards of 150 , 000 / . have been sold ) , on the umbrella and walking-stiek departments , and other sources , we believe the total sum standing to the credit of the executive committee will amount to a few pounds over a hundred thousand . The gross outlay , including every possible item and the cost of the safe return of the most minute article contributed , we believe will amount to 104 , 000 ? . To meet this 4000 ? . more than is at present in hand , there remains the building , with the whole of its handsome fixtures . This is by some expected to realize 18 , 000 ? ., by others 15 , 000 J ; but , even supposing it only to bring the last-named sum , there is little doubt that 10 , 000 ? . will remain , after all expenses , to the credit of the executive committee . " New Museum at the India-house . —Some considerable alterations , to give increased space for the collection of models and works of Indian art , have been going on at the India-house for some time past under the direction of ]\ Jr . Digby Wyatt , the present architect of the Company ; and , though the directors have now something else to think about , the works are being completed and the collection arranged for public inspection . What was the tea saleroom has been transformed into an Indian Court , with columns and arches of Indian fashion , and appropriated mainly to sculptured antiquities , slabs , and figures . Some elabo . atelv cut stone
panels of Indian work have been set up to form a screen . The carving of some of the groups displays wonderful finish . The deputy-secretary ' s residence and other parts have been thrown into the museum , and the whole now occupies a considerable space . The amount of the contract is about 2500 ? . ; with the fittings the sum will probably amount to 3500 ? . Messrs . Hack and Son , of Poplar , are the contractors . The collection at the India-house is one of great interest . Those who would study Indian architecture must go there to do it . Of miuute carving and metal-work there are some beautiful specimens . —Builder . Belgium . —It is shown by statistics officially . published by order of the Government , that the population of the kingdom of Belgium , in 1850 amounted to 4 , 426 , 202 souls ; the number of births to 131 , 416 ; the deaths to 92 , 820 ; and the marriages to 33 , 762 . There were about 11 , 309 illegitimate living births . There were in 1854 5498 schools of primary instruction and 7655 infant , adult , and industrial schools . The number of scholars in the primary schools was 491 , 526 ; in the infant schools 25 , 464 ; and in the adult schools 170 , 527 . The total amount received for the primary schools in 1854 was 180 , 197 / . The public revenue of Belgium in 1856 was estimated at 6 , 029 , 660 ? ., and the expenditure at 6 , 552 , 992 ? . The public debt of Belgium on the 1 st of January , 1851 , amounted to 24 , 854 , 079 ? ., including 16 , 424 , 516 ? . the ordinary debt , and 8 , 429 , 563 ? . the extraordinary ( for railways , roads , and canals ) . In 1855 2558 vessels , of 441 , 554 tons , entered ports in Belgium ; while 2507 , of 432 , 457 tons , cleared out . The oilieial value of the merchandise imported in 1855 was 27 , 145 , 480 ? ., and of that exported from Belgium 27 , 921 , 920 / . The real value of the produce , &c , retained for home consumption in 1850 was 8 , 876 , 930 / ., and the duty received 444 , 157 ? . ; and the specie imported 1 , 355 , 380 ? . The real value of the Belgium produce exported in 1850 was 8 , 401 , 301 ? ., and the duty received 11 , 353 ? .
Subways in the Metropous . — The Metropolitan Board of Works , " says the Times , " determined last January , to offer prizes for designs showing the best mode of laying out the surface and subsoil of streets , and the most convenient disposition of ' the private vaults , sewers , gas and water pipes , telegraph wires , with any parts of the soil appropriated to other useful purposes . ' Competitors were required to furnish designs and estimates for streets described as ' first clasa and ' second class , ' adapting their plans to a new street in Southwark , seventy feet in width , as an example of tho first class , and to a new street in Westminster , fifty feet wide , as an example of the second . Thirty-nine competitors entered the lists , and their plans and drawings were referred to a committee of seven gentlemen . " Tho designs havo been publicly exhibited in the theatre of the Society of Arts , John-street , Adelphi , and several prizes , of different degrees , have been distributed by the committee . " The main object of the gentlemen who have engaged in this competition has been to devise such a system of subways between the surface of tho streets and the sowers aa shall nuftlce for the arrangement of gas and wator-pipes , telegraphic wires , &c , in such a manner that they may bo readily accessible for repairs , and that the constant disturbance of the roadways in tho most frequented thoroughfares , which is so fruitful a source of annoyance to passengers , and interposes so serious an interruption to commercial traffic in « nr crowded and busy metropolis , may for tho future bo obviated . There is , therefore , considerable similarity in tho prominent fcutures of tho various plans . Most of tho competitors propose tho construction of a continuous vault or passage , about six feot in height , under tho centre of the roadway in each street , along which tho water-pipes , gna-pipes , and telegraphic wires can bo carried , and from which ready access can' bo gained to
the sewers beneath . The suggestions with regard to the arrangement of the water and gas services , as might be expected , differ ver y materially . In some of the designs , the main water-pipes are placed on each side of the vaulted passage , the gas-pipe 3 being above or below them , while m others the water-pipes are arranged on one side of the subway and the gas-pipes on the other . " The Health of London . —The total number of deaths registered in London , which in the previous week was 993 , was in the week that ended on Saturday , October 17 , 1003 , of which 507 were deaths of males , 496 those of females . In the ten years 1847-56 , the average number of deaths in the weeks corresponding with la ^ t week was 1016 ; but as the deaths of last week occurred
m an increased population , the average , to admit of comparison , should be raised in proportion to the increase , in which case it will become 1118 . It is to bs inferred that the metropolitan population now enjoys good health , for the figures show that more than 100 persons survived last week whose names would have been placed on the registers if the average rate of mortality had prevailed . The births were very numerous last week , and exceeded the deaths "by 782 . A good many cases of cholera and choleraic diarrhoea have occurred . The annexed case , which was published in a former table , appears to bear an epidemic character : —St . Olave—St . John . —At Horsleydown , on board the Liitcken , on the 22 nd of September , a seaman , aged 27
years , ' cholera Asiatica ( 19 hours ) . ' Mr . Platt , the registrar , says , " The ship Liitcken arrived at Horsleydown , St . John ' s , on the afternoon of the 21 st inst . from Harburg ( Hanover ); she had touched at Gluckstadt and stopped there twenty hours , at which place cholera raged lately , and carried off five per cent , of the inhabitants . Deceased had not been ashore at Horsleydown . " An immense commerce is carried on between England and Hamburg , on the Elbe , in vessels which are in a very unsatisfactory sanitary condition , the berths of the steamers conveying passengers being at times saturated by the steam of waterclosets . The condition of the ordinary vessels may be easily imagined . —From the liejistra . r-Genera . rs Weekly Return . tl
Discovery of Mutes in South Australia . —A fine extensive country , well watered , andwith three splendid mines , two of them equal to the Buria Burra , " says a letter from Adelaide , "has been discovered . 50 , 000 / . has been offered for one , and refused . These mines are not far from Port Augusta . " Sir Edmund Head has left London on his return to Canada . Mit . Layabd .- —The following letter has been addressed to Mr . T . M . Mackayby Mr . Layard : —" , Piccadilly , Oct 17 , 1857 . —My dear Mackay , —I am off for India next week . My objectt-to visit the seat of the rebellion , to form my own opinion upon its cause and results . I have been too long idle , and want again to work , and try to be useful . I trust that my journey may enable me to do some good . I wish I had some pleasant , intelligent man , like yourself , as a companion . I hope to be back by the month of May , or early in June . Six months' hard work will enable me to see and do much . If any constituency will do me the honour of returning me during my absence , I shall be happy to serve them . Yours sincerely , A . H . Layard . " An Australian Convict . —Melville , the man who was recently concerned in an attack on the guard while embarking for the hulk at Melbourne , has committed suicide by hanging himself . A verdict oijelo de se was ret urned by the coroner's jury . Eton College . —The extensive andimportant alterations at Eton College Hall have just been completed , the interior having been almost rebuilt from the designs of Mr . Woodyear . The hall was used for the first time since the improvements on Sunday . Malta . —General Codrington ( says a despatch in tho Morning Post ) positively refuses the Government of Malta . The inhabitants are desirous of a civil government , and an extension of their liberties . Explosion op Gas . —A very serious explosion of escaped gas took place on Monday night in the study of a house at Barnsbury Park , Islington , occupied by tho Rev . W . Vincent , M . A . That gentleman having detected a smell of gas , went into the room with a candlo in his hand , when a loud report took place , and Mr . Vincent was knocked down . Several persons , who were in bed at the time , were greatly terrified , and the house was mucli shattered and crippled .
Loni > Rkctok op Abekdkkn Univeksity . —Mr . John Inglis , Dean of Faculty , has been installed Lord Rector of King ' s College and University , Aberdeen , in the public hall , in the presence of tho professors and lecturers , the graduates , and a large assemblage of othors , including several ladies . The Monday Evening Conckuts recommenced on Monday night at St . Martin's Hall . Tho attendance waa not large .
NOVKI , CONTltlVANCIC KO « THE DETECTION OF Bl'R-( ilauy . —A valuable invention has recently been patented by Mr . Turner , of Wolverhampton , and Cityroad , London , for tho detection of burglary , or unlawful viaits to any part of a house , or grounds . Tho apparatus is ao constructed that it can be readily ntlixed to any house , or act of oflices . It is also adapted to gardona and pleasure-grounds , iron safes containing valuable property , wines colliir . n , plate closets , jewellery rooms , &c . Tho form nnd nppuaruiice is similar to a clock face ,
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o ¦ ¦ ¦ . . . No . 396 / October 24 , 1857 . ] T HE LEA DE & . r 1017
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 24, 1857, page 1017, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2215/page/9/
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