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    PLATO'S PHILEBUS.*

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    THE PAPAL IDEAL.*

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    tststis ^ ts ^ pi ' ^ ^ jt-¦* This is voui- man ! ' The verbal translation is simply , Your man ! ' and the expression would have been exceedingly appropriate considering- the occasion . The German traveller believes that these words were subsequently corrupted into Ich Then , which is more questionable , and will have to be inquired into in a subsequent ° Prince Edward had the misfortune to lose his mother , queen Eleanor , in lite sixth year ; and during his early years to be ^ encouraged by his father in ^ reat extravagance . Ultimately , that fathe ° turned against his son , and treated him with unjust seventy . He seems , however , to have been a good man of business , faithful to his friendships , and of an affectionate disposition . On the causes that led to his fearful death we need not dwell . They belong to the King , not to the Prince of Wales . Nevertheless , we must insert Dr . Doran ' sremark that " the first English prince of Wales was the first lung of England who was deposed ^ and murdered . We may add that Dr . Doran ' s list ends xvith George the Fourth as Prince of Wales , whose career was marked by many similar untortunate features , and whose faults Dr . Doran has visited with un-SP # iftfen & oUier Lives complete his enumeration , including the Edwards of Windsor , Woodstock , Westminster , and of the Sanctuary ; Richard of Bordeaux , the Henries of Monmoutb , Greenwich , and Stirling ; Arthur of .. Winchester ; 'the Charles of Dimfermhne and St . James ; George Augustus , and Frederick Louis of Hanover ; and George William Frederick 6 f Norfolk House . The new dignity of Prince of Wales increased in importance , ^ as appears by an entry on the Constable's Roll . The lane _ outside the Tower Gate was called " Petit Wales , " where the ruins ofUtone mansions long attested the ancient splendour of the locality , stowe , however , was inclined to give credit to a tradition of his . time , th ^ t the stone edifice alluded to . had been " the lodging appointed for the old native princes of Wales when they repaired totliis city ; and that therefore the street in that part is called Petty Wales , which we remaineth there most cbrnmpnly unto this day ; even as where ^ mgS : of Scotland used to be lodged betwixt Charing-cross and ^ Whitehall it is likewise called ' Scotland ; ' and where the Earls of Bretagne were lodged without > Aldersgate , the street is called Britain Street —rrnow Little Britain . . : . , . 1 j \ e The examples we have given will serve to admonish the readei ot the kind of archseological lore imported , where possible , into this entertaining volume . Space wjlliiut permit us to enter into so large an argument , nor would the attempt serve any good ^ purpose . ¦ JLhe main events , of . course , pertain to the history of England that is familiar to all ; but glancing lights are thrown on sonie dark places of it by the peculiar course marked out *> r himself by Dr . Doran , which the general reader is not likely to meet elsewhere . Here sucli items are skilfully grouped , and to be found , in their proper places . The student will gain much profitable instruction / by Peking them , in the pages dedicated by Dr . Doran to our Welsh princes . . ' . ¦ . " ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' ¦ ¦ • • : . ' . -

    THE works of Plato , after suffering long neglect , appear td have regained their influence with our English scholars . More than one mind is at work upon them . Not long ago Dr . Whewell presented us with a translation of the Sooratic Dialogues , and those that relate to the sage ' s accusation and death ;* and we perceive that a second volume is annoxiriced . n $ nearly ready , which we shall nvdne time receive . Meanwhile , Mr . Poste , of Oriel College , Oxford , volunteers a translation of the PMlebits , as a companion to a revised edition of the original . And this translation is welcome , notwithstanding any that Dr . Whewell will undoubtedly give ; tor it is a j full translation for scholars , while tho latter will be an abridged one , \ uth easy illustrations , fitting it for general readers , and affordingsuch facilities that any lady of cultivated understanding may readily apprehend and pleasnrably enjoy the argument . . The work with wliich we have now to do is of a sterner character , and less bents the drawing-room than the study . ' Plato , of all the benefactors to mankind , merits to be ranked as one of the greatest . His wonderful works form . as it were an Evangel to hia ago and nation , and yet maintain their influence , on the moral nature of studious men . Plato ia tho Shakespeare of philosophy . Like him , he wm lnyrjad-rmnded , and embraced both sides of the philosophical tendency of , his times—the nnital and the phenomonal . He comprehended , as it has been finely said , "both sides of the medal of Jove . " It was , he who recognised tho possibility of philosophy in the progressive development of the Idea of Good , through the multiplicity of forms which were appointed to give it expression . And he did this by the viffhtdiv . no of pimis , which measured the universal as well as gauged the profound . His mind , indeed , was so fecund as to be inoxhanstible . ills imagination , too , was as fertile as his reason , and his illustrations are > as beautiful ns his diction is clear and distinot . His hero , Socrates , looms upon us as an Interpreter of the Soul . One of the earliest pbeta before him had , indeed , recognised its separate state » n Hades , "but it was he who went from house to honso m Athens to press upon his countrymen the sublime fact that it was , in the very life they were living , distinct from the body , while united with it . He first taught men to have a euro of their poults and to attempt their + JPhlhbufi of Plato . Translated by Eo , Fosxfl , M . A . John TV . Parker and Son ,

    redemption from the body in which they were imprisoned . To this end all the Dialogues of Plato are devoted . . . In the dialogue now translated , Plato treats of the soul and its capacities for Pleasure and Knowledge , and considers the relations that both ofthesebear to the highest . Good In tracing tins argument , he anticipates the dialectic distinction of recent German thinkers between the Becoming and Being ; and Mr . Poste has done well in evidently translating this part of the argument in such a wav as to meet the requirements of modern philosophy . The translator ' s style is dignified , but intelligiblevsuited to the severity of thought required , arid the elevation of the truths communicated . We heartily recommend his work to the meditative reader .

    V ARIOUS efforts have been made by Romanist advocates lately to retrieve the Papacy from the charges of inisgovernment , and to claim for it the possession of ideal attributes . 1 hese , attributes ought , indeed , to have belonged to the religious office but m fact , as ft had been held , had become inoperative or much abused . Cardinal Wiseman , under these circumstances , determined to give his personal testimony in favour of the order to which he aspires ; and , in the volume before us , which now re-appears ; m a revised form , sets fortb the characters of the last four Popes as exemplifying all the Christian graces ; adding / in the preface , that of his own as _ be . W such immaculate virtue , that lie , never even during his hfe made a vicious acquaintance . From the mouth of such an ummpeachable witness , we are bound to accept evidence with more than ordin % Ve C g " adly do so . because from the portraitures of four popes , whom Cardinal Wiseman regards as perfect exemplars ^ of tl |« . , offi ^ , we may expect to arrive at some sort of an idea of what , in bis and S op nion , a Pope ought to be / Here are four persomncation ^ of aPrinciple , that ^ ay be held to show it on as may ^^ and which , with what we know of the present occupant of St . Peter s cha \ r , may be conceived to give rather a comprehensive repu tationof the power so worthily wielded by the i | l ^ ti « ns P ^ tad . The force of nature , we should think , can go but little further . Here we have about the best that can be obtained from the consc ^ W ^ ercise of the . Holy . office . To what , then , does it all an Cardinal Wiseman , claims to- be hoard as . a fitness , He . iscertainly a competent one , and from him we should learn all needful Particulars But we must be careful from the beginning no \ £ > SaS the character of the witness . His ¦ ¦ 'e . h n . ony . j that of a partisan , not of a looker-on . He is endowed , also with , the dan-eVous gift of eloquence ; and one is not always sure of the bear-.. infr-of his evidence , so cunningly is it worded , so warped in ^ i ^ tendency . Before he saw a pope he had already formed aiv . d ^ a of one In December , 1818 , he and five other youths arrived in RQme ? o colonise the English , college in that city . The re-estabhshment of the ^ conege was due to Pius VII . and his minister Cardmal Consalv . Some of the party , it was settled , should ^ . presented to the Holy Father . Among that number was young Wiseman . He had formed a , v enthusiastic n ' otiori of popes in geiier . , and of this , pope In p ^ iSilar . But the ordinary feelings of Cutholie students won d have been sufficient to render the interview significant . 1 « every Catholic and to a young- ecclesiastic in particular , " says our . tiiithori - S is m , S be an ^ event in his life , and the ce , ) temony combined a double feeling , elsewhere . impossible , composed of the reverence paid to a sovereign , and tW homage due to the supreme W o our reli-ion . From the monarch , " he adds , " weapcept w , th iyratiheotion a condesoending word from the Pope that word we 1 * 6 , 1 ve ns ablessing . " All was . therefore . with the writer , a foregone roncl us on . A Profestant would have received an entirely difterent "npre ^ on . Here , we find , that the witness had utterly prejudged the case , riiis sanepreindgment colours tho whole of his testimony . His reception by the Pope' had an influence on the whole of Ins attei-Jife . He re oices in describing it , in philosophising o » v it . and in apply « J , ? . The " relation , " he says , « is strengtheived uitheyoutkh 1 mmd at every succeeding year of his course . He knows that ever ? 10-fessor whose lectures he hears , has been directly and f " - ""^ A ? 2 fc appointed , after careful selection , by the Pope himself , and [ that Swy" class-book which ho reads has received the same « u prome sanction ; he feels himself almost under the direct , tuitioi of he Holv See : however pure and sparkling the nils at whioh uthcrs may drink , ho puts his lipfl to the very rock which a divine mnnl fia * struck , ami ho wfibs hi its waters a * ^ ^ " ^^' . ^ 'i ^ tns tant ' need not add that a sentiment suoh nsthis is alien to . the liotostanj character , and modifies the evidence rendered to a ' erreat extent . « has , in fact , to be oil abstracted from the testimony , before the latter can be of avny value . . ,, „ . ' YTI " Let us , however , take Cardinal Wisoman's esjpenoiioeH of 1 ' iua > a *• Nature cave to DarnabHS Chinramonti ( suoh wore the Pope » originu * names ) a sweet disposition : ^ he was mild ami gontlo . lnc « p « bl of rancour or resentment , so that he was likened to Hosos , as u » e meekest of men ^ hip life , moreover , wns unsullied , Ins virtue me proaclu \ blQ , for ho had learned piety of his niotW , who iii n con ent of Carmelites at Fauo , wlnthor sho had retired , foretohl 11 m iu » elevation one day to the papacy Wo may suppose , then , tl »» t « u his conduct had that ulterior aim . After a preliminary c lu a on -in the college for nobles at Ravenna * he retired t 0 ^ J ^ " ^ ^ !!!! * K <> co ! U > ctlon « ofthe Last Worn' Popes , and ofltomtn tholr J' jg ' ketJ [ II , E . OnrtHnal Wiseman . Now and Kovised Edition . Hurst and Wuckv *

    Untitled Article

    oo The Leader crndSatwrdayi Analyst . [ Apbii , 7 , 1860 .

    Plato's Philebus.*

    PLATO'S PHILEBUS . *

    The Papal Ideal.*

    THE PAPAL IDEAL . *

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), April 7, 1860, page 330, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2341/page/14/