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malefactors annually executed fall very Short of ? he nun . ber annually condemned , he wduld suspect that every accuser i « a Ly . urgus ?* every ; udge , a Cassius , f and e \ ery legislator , ' a Draco . " Philopat . Varviceru Char * C J . Fox ii . 333 .
Proposition VI . The Punishment of T > cath ^ con * &i ( tered as the affair of a moment ^ is nut so powerful a restraint from crimes , as other punishments of a visibly longer duration *
Cs A recent instance of this deplorable state of mind has fallen within my notice . * A youth of 22 had deserted more than once—he betook himself to robbery . He anticipated death as the probable
punishment of his thievery or his desertion * He neither caved nor professed to care at what time or in what manner it might overtake him . lie despaired- He plundered . He defied the wrath of
man . He frowned at the mention of GocjU 4 He laughed at a violent death as the affair of a moment / J And without shewing % he smallest sign q { sh ^ me , or Compunction , © r terror , he underwent the sentence of the law *"
Philopat . Varyicen . ii . 394 . Proposjitjioix VII . > If the other lawful ends of punishment may be answered along with t } % e R eformation of the Qrirninal i then that mode of punishment ought ta be adopted
by which the criminal will be reformed : this mode embraces tfie greatest sum of ultimate good ; and experience , has shew ?} it to be practicable . u comparative table ? , drawn up siijce the last a \ teratior * s made
* The Athenian Orator -J- The Jto ' man Pro tot . ^' Btccaria , cap . s ^ Tiiu
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in the penal code [ at Philadelphia ] , prove that crimes have diminished nearly half in number and that very few criminals have been condemned for a relapse * " A criminal of the most
hardened nature , who ha 3 infested the environs of Philadelphia several years before the change in the penal code took place , being dismissed , thus addressed one of th $ inspectors : I thank you for the care you have taken of me ever since I have been here , and for
having enabled me to fulnl a duty I owe to society . You knaw what mv conduct has been , and whe * ther it has atoned for my past of * fences : but I am now at liberty , and consequently all I could say , would be of little service to me .
Pursue your plans and you will neither have thieves nor pick * pockets : with respect to myself , be assured you will never see me here again . ' The man kept his word . **
Dr . Louis Valentine ' Report to the Academy of Marseillesy and Mr . Turnbull ; quoted in the Philanthropist . No . 4 , p . 3 , 50 , Proposition VIIF . i ( When very severe punishments
are denounced against numerous offences ^ they cannot be in all cases iiiflicted without cruelty ; and yet if they may be remitted in some cases , it is necessary that much should be left to the Discretion of the Judges ^ which will be variously exercised in
similar cases , thus ha l ving the appearance of caprice ^ of partiality , and of injustice . 4 t An unfortunate woman was tried , for stealing above the v ^ lup of five shillings , I w # s , pres ^ n ^ ^ the trial . Frp ^ mfW * & £$ &-stress i * w $ » Qfevismu ib * t it , wp £
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l 62 A Collection of Facts relating to Criminal Lar » .
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Citation
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Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), March 2, 1812, page 162, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1746/page/26/
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