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    stances of the just exercise of this authority . VVe have now to state the sentiments of the third class of Reformers , whose opinions it was proposed to consider—those of the Established Church of Holland . A few words will suffice on this head , as these

    divines , after the example of Baldwin at Wittemberg , have embodied their thoughts on the subject of religious liberty in an academical thesis , proposed , by authority , to be discussed in the theological schools . This curious document they have intitqled « A Disputation concerning lawful Homicide . " * ' In order / ' they say ,

    44 that it may the better appear what idolater , heretic , and blasphemer is to be adjudged worthy of death , we will give a definition of each . " Accordingly they proceed as follows : " The

    idolater is deserving of capital punishment who , disregarding admonition , openly , designedly , and obstinately , so as to disturb the church and seduce others , substitutes some

    ideal object for the one true God , or joining some creature to him , as his companion , worships it with the one God , or who honours the true God alone , but not in that lawful * nanner prescribed in the Sacred Writings . The heretic is he who , separating himself from the church of which he

    had before , by an outward profession , declared himself to be a member , maintains an error which is opposed to the foundations of faith , and to the prophetical and apostolical doctrine delivered in the Scriptures , and from which , though often and properly admonished , and convinced from the

    word of God , both publicly and in private , he refuses to desist ; who will not acknowledge the truth revealed in the writings of the apostles and prophets , but rather with invincible

    and pertinacious impiety rejects it , strives to wound the peace and harmony of the church , and opening the school of his perfidy , both in public and in private , endeavours , as far as Jle is able , by his writings and speeches , to introduce the faction and gangrene of his pestiferous doctrines f k th u church > or to cherish it after « % u n iutroduced by others . A he blasphemer is he who pubn : ^! deliberate purpose , o-batiatcl * ^ regarding admonition , either

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    slanderously and cohtumeliously utiers something unbecoming concerning the true God , attributing to him that which does not comport with him , taking away that which does pertain to him , and transferring to a creature that which belongs to God alone ;

    or else by an impious act impedes and tramples upon true divine worship , or endeavours to impede and trample upon it . Whoever , " they add , " is found guilty of either of thesecrinies , as they are here stated , ought to be punished with death by the magistrate . " *

    * Disputatio de Homicidio legitimoad disputanduin proposita in Collegi © Theologico . Illustrissimis D . D . Ordinum Hollandiee et Westpbrisias , Anno 1602 . § vii . Quo autem in eli us constet

    quisnara morte dignus Idololatra , Haereticus , Biasphcnius sit judieandus , singulorum definitumein proponemns } deinde , qui tales reperiuntnr quales descriptio exigit , eos occidendos esse , rationibus ex jure divino liuinanoque ex saniorum hominnm testimo *

    mo petitis probabimus , " § viii . <* Capitali suppliciodignvs Idniolatra est , qui pal am , data opera , negleetis adtnonitionibus , obstinate ut tuvbet Ecclesiatn et alios seducat , vice unius veri Dei fictum aliquem habuerit , aut pr-seter unum ilium , creaturamaiiqnam ipsi quasi socium

    adjun « fens coluerit , aut denique verum quidem Deum solum , sed non Jeg-itimo in sacris literis praescripto modo , honoraverit . Hereticus est , qui ab ecclesia , cujus se membrum externa professione an tea declaraverit , seipse separans , erroiem fundauientis fidei , et Propheticae Apostolicseque

    doctnnse in Scripturis traditae adversantem tuetur , de quo tamen saepe et rite admonitus convictusque ex verbo Dei tarn publice qua in privatim contemtis admonitionibus non vult desistere , nee veritateiu in scriptis Apostolorum et Prophetarumrevelatam agnoscere : sed potius invieta et

    pertinaci impietate ei resistens , ecclesiae pacem et concordiatn lacerare contendit , suaeque perfidiae ludnm publice et privatim aperiens , pestiferi dogmatis factionem et g * angTsenam scriptis conscionibusque suis , quantum in se est- vel in ecclesiam

    Dei invehere , vel ab ahis inrectanri fovere , Blasphemus est , qui public ^ , deliberato animo , neglectisadnionitionibus , pjraefracte , vel maledica ling'ua , contumeliose de Deo vero , Indianmn quippiam effutit , turn

    tribuendo ei quod ipsi non com pet it , turn adunciido quod ei propritim est , turn transferendo in cieaturam quod est Dei solius , vel facto iinpio cultum divinum verum i / npedit , conculeat , aut impedire et conculcare e # natur "

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    The Nonconformist . No * XV . 739

• Citation
  • Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Dec. 2, 1819, page 739, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1779/page/23/