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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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" Sacnftcitim apud populum Hebraeutn , ej \ ismodi sactutu erat , quod cutn Deo oftlatum erat , turn rite consumpta erant , quae ritu divinitiis instituto interempta , cremata , aut effiisa , aut ad enulas sacras adhibita essent . " A
sacrifice , with the Jews , was any thing that being offered to God was by some appointed ceremony dispatched and consumed : that is , " by Some rite of divine appointment , slain , or burnt , or poured ^ out in libation , or used in sacred festivals . "
The words mmp and mmD , ( to which correspond the Greek wpocr-< pQgd and ^ copocy the Latin oblattones and dona ) offerings and gifts , are the iriost general words used to express sacrifices amongst the Jews . These
words , however , are sometimes employed to express other things besides religious offerings , and also things which were indeed offered to God , but kept entire for his service ., and therefore not to be reckoned sacrifices .
Every gift to God was not a sacrifice . Nothing was accounted such , except it was brought to the door of the tabernacle , or to the corresponding altar of the temple , as an offering to God , and then or afterwards consumed according to some prescribed method . And hence , as Dr . Out ram
has observed , " neither theLevites , nor the vessels set apart for sacred uses , are wont to be regarded as sacrifices , although the word niJinp is applied to them , and they were expressly offered to God . The same is to be understood of the seape-goat , which , after being offered to God before the altar , WaS carried away alive into the wilderness "
But of those things which were both offered , and by a rite of divine appointment consumed , ( which alone are usually considered as sacrifices amongst the Jews , ) some were taken from inanimate things , and some from different species of animals ; but all , of either description , were chosen
from such a& conrpogfe the food of kriatu Arid for this reason , ( says Dr , OtUxarn , ) that God willed that such things as are concerned in the support of life , should be given to him as their Jjotd aM Bes ^ ower . Th 6 * e which * itete taken from inanimate tttf | iff 8 , { commonly distinguished by thfcnajtne Wf unbi 6 ody Sacrifices , ) tyefe by $ he Jew * called rn mo , which com&pontfed
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274 An Essay on the Nature and De&gn of Sd&tffcfes uftder ih& Mosaic Law .
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to the Latin , € i ferta , dona , dapes . " Those taken from different species of animals , ( termed bloody sacrifices , were usually called tzrn 3 / f , corre 8 poBdl lua victiixi ui
ing tu me uii , oc , uosiiae . ) Next as to the circumstances or rites by which the Mosaic Sacrifices were attended : these were variously modified in different eases ; but the following may be considered as nearly universal concomitants .
First , Things offered in sacrifice , whether taken from animate or inanimate nature , were not only to be of an useful and salutary kind , but also tlie best of the kind without blemish or defect . Secondly , They were to be offered no where but at the door of the
tabernacle . There was one great altar for the sacrifices of all Israel . Thirdly , The offerer was always to bring his own sacrifice to the altar of the Lord , and by some significant ceremony to point himself out as the offerer ; as , by laying both his hands on the head of the victim r if it wa& an
animal sacrifice , a , nd in general sUxmg it himself , and witnessing the suce || iing ceremonies , which it was the owe of the priest to perform : or if itflms a meat offering , by presenting it ^ ' vK pared in the appointed manner t < * $ ii priests , who were to burn part of it unon the altar .
Fourthly , It is generally agreed that one of the acts preparatory to the ritual consumption ot sacr ifices , consisted in the presenting of prayers or Verbal addresses to God , in substance corresponding tb the particular object of the sacr ifice . These prayers were pronounced when the hands were laia
upon the head of the victim . That sacrifice ; was always to be accompanied by prayer is probable , from their being used in Scripture as interchangeable terms * As in Prov . xv . 8 : " The sacrifice of the wicked is an
abomina tion to the Lord , but the prayer of th e upright is his delight . " 80 when Solomon had finished the tempjie at Jerusalem , which was intended for tjie greater splendour of at
the sacrificial worship , ill his prayer the dedication of it , Tie particularises H numJL > ei \ of capes in which prayer and supplicatiou ^ ould be offe red ; but pever . m '<^ tiw s- £ ue sac rifices iha t were doubtless ta accompany th ^ m . The Jewish commentatora nave tur-
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Citation
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Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), May 2, 1823, page 274, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1784/page/18/
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