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At Rome , the CARDINAL of YORK , grandson of James II . ( for the ridiculous tale of his father ' s suppositions birth is now we believe generally exploded . ) « HENRY BENEDICT MARIA CLEMENS , second son of James Stuart , known by the name of the " Pretender / ' and of Maria Clementina Sobieski , was born at Rome , the z 6 th of March , 2 7 * 5 * where he almost constantly resided till towards the close of 1 745 , when lie went to France , to put himself at the head of 15 , 000 men , assembled in and about Dunkirk , under the command of the Duke of Richelieu
by order of Lewis XV . With this army Henry-was to have landed in England , in support of his brother Charles . But though preparations were made for embarking these troops , though one part did actually embark , not a single transport left Dunkirk Road ; and Henry receiving intelligence
of the issue of the battle of Ci . Uoden , returned to Rome , where , much to the displeasure of his brother , and the friends of his family , he took orders , and , in 1747 , was made Cardinal , by Pope Benedict XIV . and afterwards Bishop of Frascati , and Chancellor of the Church of St . Peter .
cc From that time Cardinal York , the name he assumed on his promotion , devoted himself to * the functions of his ministry , and seemed to have laid aside all worldly views , till his father ' s death in i ? 885 when he had medals struck , bearing on their face his head , with Henricus Nonns ^ Jlng lue ' Rex j * on the reverse , a city , with < Gratia JDei sed n » n volujitate hominum *
Ci Cardinal York hud two rich livings in France , the Abbies of Anchin and St . Amand , and a considerable pension from the Court of Spain , all of which fie lost by the Revolution . In order to assist Pope Pius VI . in making up the sum reqiuVed by Buonaparte in
179 6 , the Cardinal disposed of all the family jewels , and ., aipong others , of a ruby , the largest and most perfect known , valued at fifty tlfou sand pounds . He thus deprived himself of the last means of an independent subsistence , # nd was reduced to great distress , on
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the expulsion of Pius VI . and hl % Court from Rome * Cardinal Borgia who had been acquainted with Sir John Hippisley Coxe , in Italy , represented to him , by letter , Cardinal York ' s case . Sir John conveyed this letter to Mr . Stuart , so well known by his Leu ters to Lord Mansfield ( on the Douglas
cause , ) and his genealogical history of the Stuart family . Mr . Stuart drew up a memorial , "which Mr . Dundas ( now Lord Melville ) presented to his Majesty , who granted immediately to Cardinal York a yearly pension of
4 ocx > 2 . " an attention which the Cardinal very handsomely acknowledged in a letter to Lord Minto . " Thus ended , at the age of 83 years ana some months , the last , in a direct line , of the Royal House of Stuart . "
Cardinal York had some claim , it seems , on the generosity of this country . An Act of Parliament , still uurepealed , had settled on James the Second ' s Queen , Marj of Este , the Cardinal's grandmother , a jointure of fifty thousand pounds . While the
treaty of Ryswick was depending , it was strongly contended , on the part of the French Negotiators , in the name of that Princess , that her husband having been deprived , by an act of the English Legislature ' ^ of all his right as king , and being consequently , as king , dead in law , she was as much entitled
to her dowry , from the day that event took place , as if her husband had been naturally dead . The English Negotiators considered the point as too delicate for their interference , and desired it might be referred to king William personally . The proposal was assented to , and Marshal J 3 ouf ~ flers had an interview with William
on the subject . William did not deny the justice of the claim , and on Bouf * flers' expressing a wish that the con * cession of the jointure might be confirmed by at least a secret article of the Treaty , William said , " What !
Marshal , will not my word satisfy you ? ' Boufflers bowed and parted , in the full persuasion that he had obtained sufli * cient security . But on the first de * - mandof payment , William , it is said , insisted tliat the concession had bee *
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Cardinal York *
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496 Obituary .
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Citation
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Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Sept. 2, 1807, page 496, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2384/page/44/
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