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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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I am obliged to you for the favourable opinion you entertain of my worth and public principles , and am , Sir , Your obedient Servant ,
W . PALEY . P . S . Presuming , Mr . Editor , the majority of your readers to consist chiefly of individuals interested in subjects connected with scriptural criticism , lam induced to refer them to the project of Professor Carlyle for a new Creek Testament , recorded in the second volume of Dr . Aikin ' s
Athenaeum , p . 1 & 4- ( under the signature Vigilitis * ) with the view of observing that of the MSS . there alluded to as having undergone an entire collation , two only were ever really completed . And it may possibly be a subject of interest to them to learn that of those two codices one was a
Lection a rium of very ancient character , and supposed by Mr . C . himself to have been one of the very oldest MS . fragments of the sacred text at this time in existence .
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On the System of BfalthUs . No . III . " There are more things in heaven and earth , Horatio , Thau Are dreaint of in our philosophy . " HAMtfeT .
Of the Right of the Poor to Relief—How Mr . Malthus ' s Principles tend to disorganize the Social State . —Of J £ eggar $ . — +-Of the Mode of deciding tin Human Actions on the mere Gronnd of Utility . —Of the Tendencies of Poverty Of the Consequences of Mr . Malthtis ' sPlans being effected .
Temple 9 Sin * 1 th November , 1817 . HAD the system of Mr . Malthus been a mere political theory , t shcmM not have intruded on your pages with any attempt to disprove
it . But its author has deduced from his speculation's some principles which fife is anxious to see brought into Action , whicfi , I conceive , tend to injure the "human character . I shall , therefore , endeavour to shew that
* A eig-Batune sii * ce abandoned Sn eon-* eqnen * e of a remark ( $ n # i « following tohune of the same admii aWe publication , f > . 34 /) , iff S&mr wtaable and eKfcettem correspondent V . F .
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they are as sophistical as they art unfeeling . The fundamental idea x > f Mr . Mai thus on the subject of relieving the poor , seems to be expressed in the follow ing sentence : ** There is one right
which man has been generall y thought to possess ^ whichf 1 am confident * ke neither does nor can possess—* a right to subsistence when his labour cannot fairio purcJvase it " - \ This proposition in its
literal sense is evidently of a more levelling cast than any which its author reprobates in Paine . All the higher orders , the possessors of wealth , which they have received from their ancestors , and the great proprietors of lands , as they do not earn their
subsistence by their labour , have so right to enjoy it , and still iess to revel in superfluous luxuries . Above aW , the holders of pensions and sinecure places are utterly destitute of a title to receive their unearned proportion of the national wealth . This Mr . Ma ? -
thus certainly does not mean to imply ; but to this extent his principle , if true , at all , must reach . Surely if this be proved , the warmest of his admirers will be ready to -confess tha * the position is raecessarilv i&llacious .
To clear th « way for this ' Argument , it is proper to recollect tllAt Mr . Malthas is speaking * not df the legal but of the natural rights of man . for at present he has to complain that the law recognizes the tight of the poor to that relief which he is anxious to
- < 6 ee denied them . Now , that law which secures the mean $ of subsistence to the destitute , is the only security wiiich the politician has for his emo-] u 4 nettts > or the nobiMty fot the possessions whieh they have derived from their fathers . For it is in the social
state alone that any description of property can continue , whkh the owner -does not actually grasp , ot i » not able , by force , to defend . We are not , therefore , reasoning oo any righto
whiclt a man in a particular state w »» tfoe -power of claimiiKg , but on the right which springs * # iniply from the natwre of man , and is bounded only by the necessities of his condition on earth .
The reasoning * X Mr . Malthus , on wfcich the assertion Wfc are investi-
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560 On the System of Maithns .
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V ** . « . p . 806 .
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Citation
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Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Nov. 2, 1817, page 660, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2470/page/20/
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