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    could not , without issuing in universal famine ; and stated , that vice and misery * and nothing : but vice and misery could check population * and keep it within the level of . subsistence . This

    is the substance of the first edition of his work , in which moral restraint had no place at all . Nor could it indeed have any , for Mr . Godwin had Proposed moral restraint , to obviate the objection to population This ,

    therefore , Mr . Malthus wholly rejected . Now , since Mr , Malthus has taken up moral restraint , ( which , no doubt , is one species of misery , ) and urges

    that as the only effectual check to population , his book is no longer an answer to Mr . Godwin . For if moral restraint is necessary , under every system , the system of equality is not unpeact ^ d -y unless it could be proved , that epi&plete moral and intellectual

    cultivation tends to inflame tfie passiqu which unites the sexes . As AJ--T . Malthas says , that early marriages ought never to be contracted , is it not prpbable that they might be easier prevented in a system of uoiyersaJ cultivation and equality , than under

    the present debasing systenis ? But we have nothing to do with Mr- Malh t ^ u « or anv other individual ^ tl | e p * incjp le , this principle only is a serious direct , I $ r It is seldom , that onje can obrtaiu tti £ history of all the branches of even

    pae family for maijy geuqratiouii ; but the industry and care qf owe i «( iiviidual , Mr . tLuttqn ^ of Birupdngbam , ( see lx # inyajua ^ teLife *) hav f e , ftirnjshed if ? wj&hsuch a qp&unrei | t . He , has traced his , m # i \ % tj ^ o ^ gjj } si # generations , jjt was , } a «?^ UW > of Its , lir ^ uchjes , a . poqr an # reviews fcm ) ly a ^ $ 9 p pe £ irs to hai ^ e heea neither lu ^ yfy i t ^ d from jfig

    c ^ r ^ i m * rr }<* gc * wr flejqjuJiar ^ tjjue spa ^ b ^ f , vittfi , ai $ winery . Thieve * tct * &W&t * * k < ¥ ^ PMPy a . periodi qf two hundred and lwenty-eigh ^ y ^ i » In ^ tfw , fa ^ y ^ ni ^ t o / wjfrpfn were l ^ ari ^ rir ^ o ^ pf f to n ^ tyrity , tj ^ Wb ^ , W « W 9 t « A ^ g ^^ fpn raft and wnwftni hv niaduriasnei And rai £ k >

    w ^ t r * f $ < im& > w % wimiRiiwtwi qf t ^ iie qi ^ tesu Efqr ^ O 4 ^ wbicU W 9 MU } W *>? W « W * WrwediHejftumh ^ , thw mroilv accQrdiiifirtcivMjc * « IMalthus ^ r ^ ti ^ wpyld t ^ yfs be ^ qh Uaou ^ n ^ ^ I Wt ^ WfiK ^ fPWA Nfw .. l # ok th

    ^ ^ < fect tt ^^ l ^ 4 f ^^ dtwwiaw ^

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    years , there remained of this family twenty-eight souls when the account was taken , and of these , tweoty-two were children or minors : from these deduct the eighteen persons brought into this family by marriage , and the real increase is from one pair to eight individuals , of whom only six were men and women I

    13 . Agriculture is a very ancient science . We knpw , from very authentic sources , ( see the evidence collected with great care in his Dissertation on the Numbers of Mankind , by Dr . Wallace , ) that Egypt , for example , in the earliest ages of the

    Roman Republic , was minutely divided , exquisitely cultivated , and teemed with a population much more numerous than ever has existed since , either in that or perhaps in any other caqutry ; and it is certainly very difficult to account for the fact , that

    marriage should neither be discouraged , nor infanticide allowed , and yet that the population and the tillage should fepth waste away , and never yet be rep laced . 14 * To say that human beings teed to increase , is only to say that wonjeo

    produce more than two children eacb ^ and tp say that this increase is only checked by H > oral restraint , vice an 4 misery , is certainly most true , if mortality , in general , be included u # der the bead of misery . But this

    proposition , thus understood , is a mere vulgar truism , which admits Qf no . debate and another proposition inight be thus foraqed with eqijal certainty and triuiuph . It might be equally aflinRed , that , mep would live for ever v& # W if vic an 4 were

    wqr ^ ^ m ^« - clud ^ 4 . t £ n Hume had cqnajectured that th ? kwpoft Kind might double in twe ^ ly y ^ r ^ , Wallace » npp ^ e 4 thurtj yea rs ; Malthus founds his ratio upon wba * 1 ^ « U ^ a # * f # ct from J > r . FmnWi »» i ^ t ^ a b % cM sfttlfHtt ^ ts . pf Avpe&a Thw Jiwt * $ v « pry que ^ tku ^ able- FB ^ nte-If Of gjvejs m oa infcri ^ aliw ^ n ^^ J hd $ ascert ^^ av ^ it , ao 4 it i » deK ^« iW a ^^^^ t qtber of Wf aiftUfting » pe (^ r l ^ t ipp ^ q \ Hmk veg ^ itt 4 ion , &c * Hw tfcui w ^> ^ &rtH \ aed sfcouid li&ae ^ e » stated with great precision . E * fl * J q ^ e Uuo ^ v ^ tkai , ff vf jp ^ Tts « rf Ai ^ eiica , iu . Frao ^ Hu ' s timCp contained a w ^ < W » WF pwWiop- Men w »«* gy

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    72 ? On the System of Malthus .

• Citation
  • Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Dec. 2, 1817, page 722, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2471/page/26/