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Untitled Article
from the judge a proces verbal , showing that the difference could not be adjusted . When the justice is prevented from acting , his place is taken by his first , and , if necessary , by his second
substitute . Of the primary courts there is one for every arrondissement , making above three hundred and sixty for the whole of France . Each is composed of three or four members , of two or three suppleans , or assistant members , and of a procureur du roi , acting on the part of the crown .
In populous districts , cours de premiere instance comprise six , seven , eight , or more members , and are divided into two or three chambers . They are chiefly occupied with questions of civil law , and hold , in the extent of their jurisdiction , a medium
between the humble limits of the juge depaix , and the extensive powers of the cour royale , their decisions being final wherever the income of a property does not exceed forty shillings , or the principal forty pounds ; but subject to an appeal to the courroyale . The members of these inferior courts are now named , like other
judges , by the crown , and hold their places for life . The . salary of each is eighty pounds , their number , including suppleans , is not far short of three thousand . A section of the tribunal de premiere instance is appropriated to the trial of offences , under the name of tribunal de police correctionnelle ; these are for graver offences ,
to which punishment of imprisonment , not exceeding five years , may be adjudged , whereas , in the former , imprisonment is limited to five days , or a fine of fifteen francs . These offences are such as assault and battery , swindling , privately stealing , using false wei g hts or measures , &c . The higher courts of justice are equal in jurisdiction to our courts in Westminster-hall and on the
circuit , but with this material difference , that in France the civil courts are always stationary . The cours roy ales in number twenty-seven , are attached to the chief provincial towns throughout the kingdom . They are all formed on the same model , and possessed of equal powers , though differing materially in extent of business and number of members . The number of the latter
depends on the population of the tract of country ( generally three departments ) subject to the jurisdiction of the court . In a populous quarter , like Normandy , a cour royale comprises twenty , thirty , and even forty judges , and is divided into three or four chambers , of which one performs the duty of an English grand jury , in deciding on the bills of indictment ; { raises en accusation ;) another is for the trial of offences , { police correctionnelle ^) and a
third , with perhaps a fourth , is for civil suits . These courts are often called cours d ' appel , as all the cases that come before them must previously hove been tried by an inferior court . The collective number of judges in these higher courts is not short of nine hundred , an aggregate hardly credible to an English ear , and which would prove a very serious charge on the public purse , were not their salaries very moderate , the lowest being one hun *
Untitled Article
Notices of France * 1 GS
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Citation
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Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Feb. 2, 1833, page 103, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2608/page/35/
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