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    humanity and fidelity of others . It by no means follows , that because the negro population succeeded in exterminating their white masters ,, they were therefore all alike ferocious , any more than the fact of the bloodshed enacted at the French revolution is a proof that the whole nation was destitute of humanity .

    Ferocity is always a proof of energy , and energy misdirected ; and we know well how a single energetic man will sometimes lead a whole mass . If a fourth or fifth part of the negroes of Santo Domingo were Coromantyns or Mandingoes , they would have been amply sufficient to coerce the remainder . It is said , and not

    disproved , that even at the present time a system of forced labour prevails in Santo Domingo . Now if it be so , is it not likely from the foregoing premises that the drivers are the Mandingoe and Coromantyn descendants , and the drivers the descendants of Eboes ? This matter would be worth ascertaining , and I have no doubt of the result , judging from what I have seen in other countries . Amongst the negroes , as amongst the white races ,

    knowledge is power . The negro settlers in Canada would , without doubt ^ be found to be of Mandingoe origin . The free negroes found in New York and Philadelphia in prosperous circumstances , are beyond question , physically , a far finer race , than any employed in the slave states , though there are also numerous examples of free negroes who remain in a very miserable condition , as no one will doubt , who has ever travelled in those states

    of the Union where slavery is on the decline , on account of free labour working it out . The business of the slave , like that of workmen hired by the day or week , is to do as little work as possible for his master , and the only mode to secure industry is to make the reward commensurate with the exertion , as in the case

    of labour which is contracted for by the piece . Even then , there are numerous human beings like the Eboes , whose inert disposition is such , that in cold countries they confine their exertion to the temporary supply of bare food and clothing , and in warm climates to the food alone . They cannot perceive that there is any utility in the accumulation of what the world calls luxuries . The red

    Indians of America are of this class ; and how does the matter differ from the case of the Turit , who chews his opium to put himself past thinking in a delicious dream , or of the Italian , who reclines in the shade and lauds the dolce far niente ? * Arrah , Dennis !' said a bricklayer ' s labourer to his comrade , while ascending the rounds of a ladder with a hod of mortar , sure and I wish wages

    was a guinea a day . ' ' What then , Pat ? ' replied his comrade . * Sure , then , and it ' s only one day in the week I'd work any how . ' A large portion of the inhabitants of the world are thus constituted . They work only because they are obliged . Of this opinion , or rather feeling , are the Eboes and their descendants , who probably comprise the great majority of the West India population ; and so remarkably distinct from these people are the better classes of

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    164 On the Ministerial Plan for the

• Citation
  • Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), July 2, 1833, page 464, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2618/page/24/