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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st March 1840, Edition 1 of 1, Page 5, WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET.

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    • THIRD EDITION.
    • WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET.
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      Untitled Article

      rgoBsissa- to EHFt&ni , commenting" upon e&eb with 1 glser sarcasm . From these extracts he prored j ^ jl he had always shown that nothing but the i ^ etrsyal of leaders could induce the people ' $ have recourse to physical fore * . He maintained ^ 5 position from Locke and other great sutho- j pues that labour was an inheritince of the poor man , as mnch as possession of the barren sui-5 ce w& » of the rich man . He contended that the jjboiirers required no more ihin a fair day ' s wage foi a fair da )' s work , and that the unhealthy cities should oce-e more pour oat their squalid inmates as wholesome 50 ns of the soil . He asserted that they h » d a right to exptct the distribution of the soil as contended for in his addres 3 to the electors of York--jtnnisad- to sustain , commenting- npon eseb with i G ^ ej arcaem . From these extrac ts he proved I

      shire , wherein he laid down the right of every man to claim , at a fair rent , a sufncient quantity of land irhereon he could most profitably expend his labour . By this division he showed that that which would only return £ 5 to the landlord by way of rent would return £ 90 to the labourer as remuneration for His industry—a system which would render a military force unnecessary , and make every man ' s cottage his eentry-boxj while it would increase the rent of the landlord , the security of ihe capitalist , and the tomfort of the labourer , while in this system was involved the entire destruction of taxation , and which he cou . d only be r * adered unnecessary by Universal SaSrage . He proceeded— " I conse now to that

      period of tiaaa when physical force will open a brisker fire upon you . Heretofore you find that I have reminded my hearers thit 1 led them on in moral agit&Gun without a single prosecution lor a riohiion of the peace . 2 n o threat of physical force , do mention of pnysical force , till the traitors of Bitm ' mgaaa ' . bought that they had waited too long fc >? the mowd results from the Reform Bili , and resolved upon kaving their share of the plunder by turning our Sioral demonstrations iutu ph ysical resistance . They asked le what end can these aiorai exMoitions tend ] They inquired where is our share of vie Reform scramble , and echo aaswerea mo ^ rnere . " Then did Lord Juim Russell ' s moral Mayor , and Magistrate of Birainghan ; , Mr , Mumz ,

      t 3 say forth with s «« plea of muskets , from a dread ¦ of which , in other bands , was to arise kis share of fieform . Gentlemen , in a jrreat cause like this , although many w&itors may desert the w . nks , after having first inflated the public mind , yet the odium which they have attached to the cause remains behind , and mvsc be fixed somewhere . Gentlemen , upon whom mem likely than him weo , through persecution a * d prosecution , throHgfa warning , through threat , aad * terottgh * -ma ^ still giau ^ s last to his principle ! Do not tKose villains Biead their own innoceace in bis guilt ? ( Mr . OConcor here read a letter addressed to Mr . Moniz , -upon his returu from % rifie tour in Scotland , where } a he showed the worthy Mayor tha ; he ha ! d subjected himself to

      sevea years transportation * or the course which he adopted . ) ^ Weil , but , " oentiimed he , " was he traBsj > erteit ! No ; but , oa the -contrary , as a de-• ercer from our rank 3 , he w * a enlisted in the G # vernioe 3 t staff . Aye , Gentlemen , and so great ¦« nts the ^ priie , tha-t he was consklered deterring of tie support and eulogiwn of Lsrd John Russeli in tee Bouse of Commons . Let us see whether he Reserved it . Lord Jokn RusseM said he was n « s of tbeGocrention ; Lord-John Ressell said he was not Treasurer of the National Fund . Gentlemen , 1 sa-y he was both , and with his own consent . At his own iiouse , -before the great meeiiog at Hollowly Head , ta oi in

      •« a wc ^ Augngt , io 38 ^ 4 iid my presence , tie ? aaouncement was-made-fey himself . ireatlem&B , he wts upon the pfa ; fbrm ,-aad returned thanks for thehocoiir ; tnd , Gentieasen , this loyal magistrate afterwards presided at a dinner to commemorate toe event , and upon the seHritation of Mr . Attweod , Tefus&d three tiEea to ^ propose the health of the ^ ueen , tili , being . ^ ressed-by the compaty , he- ^ o ; . up ihcsi vulgarly , aeu thus did honour to her Majesty ¦ " Well , damn it , if I xaust give it , here ' s her little -dompuness , ' The Queen . ' " Now , G ^ itlemea , -bear this in mind , aed also Lord John Russell ' s atfenee ef ihis traitor physical-force ChaitKt , stadu will « rike you , as it his me , that

      6 reai ambles sometimes lie for Iiul « mea , When it dttth sewe their purpose . ; So much for * ne of Mr . Att wood ' s -moral reformers and now for -the Mayor of Newcastle- This loyal conservator « of the peace once did -me the honor " " to attend a pniiic breakfast given to-me » t Nwca-tle , and afserwards deciiced attending a public-meeting at which I sp « key because I was »« t a- R ^ ubacau , and therefore did sot go fax enough tor huo . From the period , than , tkt . t those loyal geatlenwn thruci themselves oponae , mj life has been © neocene of turmoil , defending-not my own transgresaious , but iaeexhibiHOBB to-which these -gentlemen -iave led GenUemen of the Jury , while-Lord John Russeii

      xmaenook-thedefeaceoi Muntx-and Co-r-as ^ part and parcel of reasoQi-vrhy the aaminiitraijoa e- as entitled to public confidence , what was the tearse pureied by ihe Learned AUorney-Geseral in < romini ; to the same result ? AY as it the general loyalty of the people ! No , Gentlemen , far otherwise ; he and one of his associates , the Right Hon . Fox Maule , claimed confidence for tneir Government , because the iana was full of trakors , rebels , rioters , and libellfrs made so by the fell dominiou of the Learned Gentle-^ - JMAf aikft a > i& ' fojp admJBtfit'T ^ tHtfw f-r ^ Ptirn vpn &c *^»« t ed of &e a » te of « mriowmi ; &e $ tftftedtiie Judges , coinplkneated th » . pli » BCT of Jirar * , and prejudged the teials of bottunjBelf and Mr . ( FBrien .

      lflat- ^ enuemin ,-however , has been acqmtted , while 1 to-day shall ac ^ cit myself . Then , Gentlemen , if h » w&EUanothervc *« . of confidence—ifhewantetoestabli ^ i allegiance—if he wants to . feneehis EtockeichaB < re —if he wishes tiLgive Becuiity to life , to liberty , and property , lei him retain to tfas place from-waence he -tenje , and use-lhe privilege which he took in eoouncing to © iPeopie , in proclaiming to the world that treason , riot , and rebelSen were Bot tbiigs # f ewry day occurrence . Thse he will ¦ have profited m&re by hJB . second Qnixoiic excur-• tton . Let him atlminigter this antiaote after the Easter recess ] he will irant another vote . , of confidence then . TMs GuveraBicni requires . jjII that finesse aud ingenuity can jdo to keep tbeai-Bpon the I

      right side of l > oflQiing-street . Geatlemeq , " he has ^ ot man y convictions . ; but tkose conTw 6 c nB Trill ewt him dear . D » es he not see theai ' tBratkuis which » w daily being made in the mode of defending tne-Qiartists axainsthis peBWcation ! Formerly , & batdb ^ f political offenders were placed atihe bar , wuncnt counsel , aad j © t kmm& £ theax offence , ox «« Bnmshiaent which ' -a »^ w- « ight * wa « i to it ; Trhile hbw every cwm pfjiagfie is turned , into a Uiarast meeting , and wifind th ^ prisoDers ' xounsel -equal m number to those of the pro » ecuter , and , withoct reference u > expense , selected fram the « acers . of the profession . G ^ ialeinei ^ this ^ we ** - » iu 5 B » li w « totk for-rtiM . prwftsijJratlDO 741 ^ Vnu&ts bj My juad . bjc ^ rary means- If yoa ** -ai * Uver 8 ed in tfcs Msiwy ^ of « n « nge , jw . will ¦** 9 a that t >>* firfft imnllntinW nf « M / innta *

      wnn-W ^« «^ J »«* in ma d 4 ^ i ^ J ^ SmVBsM ~ - ^ - "f-riiiiin r » i iiSgrpiiMfeMTBI §> Mi » oMi ^^ c ^ ES i «« Jaced tbeMtiaeipie , ; -pigHrgf MMifc * % t-rrrimi iK I « tJ , the it ^^ M ^ Mp ^ ra wbstMkedJhtes ; bit hal ^ Sttal on , * elK ^ u » gt . aired , aoi kbffli&& * « MJ ' ^ Sf * &tv * &rtWjL Mefew order if tenant * Et&j IM » I riMliiiifciiT ™ - ** * M ^ ^^ -iiieiS& ^ jHgg * p «? i « , Javst £ m « a « marsjrt Jg i ^» to be Sei 5 «« fir lae duaftoaj the 4 rck , nar ihe « aS » ld thSl ™ TestjBe f&L ™! Pwpo « i ™ b&max * * w £ Q ay «? ure « . SeaOenwa , i ajq bo * one q £ ¦»«• -sriw /^ Sat adopt lite nao ^ ie , «^ Jea « J «^ % oT ^» dart ^« f tfle ^ ^^^ ^ mmmm ^ m ^^ mh ^

      . ^^^ mSmmStHKKKM ' , ¦ eopie ' i caaseifiMBe at ^ l ^ ^ 03 ^ , isd W « S I will sand , or withihtm I will tall . Ole Learned ^^ S ^?^* ^ ?* * & *** & **** about j ^ ™*^ <* P « i « tfJ- - 5 « i | ttnHjjgJuwJ > een said ff Itemsnttojg fte ^ e ^ itodM . ti ^ Bt ^ mm , t 6 a-^ s S ^^^ S ^^^ tM '^ - - ^^ |^ S ^^^ W « SPla ^ t ? Ki ^ hJlaihMl ^ M Wt ptiaMM IS ) by tae first law of wuare 1 ! J « Uaaen , this syaea oi juuening the errexs . the ™ i « gieiiey , ^ M ^ tefluj ,, and the mcompeteucj « A tottflon ^ G «» ariBnent t « intiammaiory h&-* M « ees , may answer for a season , but & «»< --« iag more rterliag must be looked to for pxx-»* a ** support . In his refj / , the Learned Gea-^ aa « m il ask you wiiy tiie . Government has been : "iacicei Wiy , my answer isbecause tuts Govern-:

      ^ , fast hii broaght me here ; Uecause the incom- ' Ptteccy of the GoTemaisnJ ha 3 brought Ton there ; peaaae vae treachery of the Gsvarsmeut hast sent « a \ he& . What I is there such a m&gic ipeil in my TMce a * to persuade a wdl-fled people that they are rj ^ lfg People ; a well-cloibed peopie , that they ~ = aased ; a weli-housed people , that tliej are ia ^ T ^ J . * * * weil-proteosed peopie , ^ ia * they ir e *«« tne pale of the law ? Xo ; GentlenKu , in the J ^ encfc of virtue in our rnJer * wiil ever be found ~* want of popular comfort . Could 1 weaken this j ! ° I ? rai ? U 11 i * it -H-as virtuous % Would ay evil Wai destroy its Timiens acts I Ko , Gentlemen , nn aou * soTemment is like a rock in the midet k * ' a e » ingt which the anjxy yraves may ^ i iiat muEi part in foam . Evei r missile aimed Ti ^ r ^ 21 iaUs harml ^ s * at their * ft > et , while the ui ; 0 ?* g ° veriiHi « it reseiablee a harlot , who hariiig iriU ? 01

      ti » M t u iKoniBUea at tne Qepoi ^ ure Her j ^ Jr ^ ^ a-3 gkd to see the Learned ( j emlomanuice ^ " ¦ *? , i > Q 1 charge him now yrizh beii 2 £ a pany . ^ . £ Tery , ^^^ r ; hat ha * taken place . " TLe c ' ± , or u ' u " - b " 1 ' ^^ Do : hiH g but the bill " was thts . ; : * , ' , J- -- ? 1 = i . nd well nelp you , was : ke c ^ r--^¦ , ' , i ^' , ; " . lv ; n r i head or the ltefo : ; a K-J ; , ihe r ; ^^ ^ "' ^• -u'i followed by ihe nia = k-. d ( . i-.-- ' i > 'r > . ~" ^ " ^ » bio-j siv asc-, wcre the n ) cr * a moan ? , " ' ¦' ¦** * f ciiivg , ste niin ttf k > wb » , and tie i ^ Les

      Untitled Article

      of castles were the insignia of triumph . Yes I charge him and them with having burned Bristol Newcastle and Nottingham Castle—with having used the Unionists and then transported themwith having violated every pledge that should be dear to man . Gentlemen of the Jury , I am not astonished that the Learned Gentleman should hanu his head lor very shame . [ Here the Attorney-G * neraf who was certainly writhiug under the castigation of Mr . ULonnor , had leaned his head upon the table Irom which it bounded as if by magic at the observation of the defendant ; the Attorney-General threw back his head , opened wide his mouth , as if tojomin the laugh , and blushed to the very ears while the Judge , the Barristers , and the audience were literally convulsed * ith laughter . As soon as the sensation subsided Mr . O'Connor continued ] Gentlemen , I have shown you how the Reform "RHl of castles were the insignia of mmnuh Y * a T charge him and them with >•»« ., < , w ^ b-7 _ . \ ,

      was gained ; 1 shall now show you how it has been used , and how its fruits have been preserved to a > small fraction of the community . And , Gentlemen I mintroducirg this subject give meleave to remind you of that which must havestruck you as most important I mean the substitution of Mr . O'Connell ' s name for j mine by the Learned Gentleman upon three occasions . Gentlemen , suspicion hauats the guilty mind and he knew , atd knew well too , that before you would return a Terdiot of guilty againtt me , you would ask u the law hao . been equally administered i . to all of the same class of offenders . He knew , U . nUemen , for his conscience pricked him , that he should-nave persecuted the rot 1 en prop of hL ;

      expiring Government ; but , Gentlemen , he also knew that he dare not , because upon the existence and continuance of the moral mode of aquation by Mr . O'Connell depends the tenure of the Whig administration ! Gentlemen , you ub «! rved how the Attorney-General ded when I was about to read the first « notatron rrom this moral pfeii ^ 'Bopher ' B dictionary , but 1 then told you that lus moral delinquencies were so numerous that I wouM stumble upon item hi every pa < e Gei-tlemefl , I will now read for you tkb moral code of the Attorney-General ' s matter . ( Laughter )

      " Gentlemca , zonongst my plans for obtaining justice for Ireland is t '; e adoptiou of a petition to the Qveen to the effect ttiat , -We , the undersusied , BEING OF FIGHTING AGE unen from fourteen to sixtv-fi . ur y ^ ars old , ) humbly approach y » m- Majesty , and entrd » and pray mat y ^ u wiU be so good as to rut us on aa © quality with the people of England . ' , Cheers .-I propose tkat this petition slsall be signed Vv & least « ne milli . n and a half of the inhabitants that two pacificators shall , in each ; pamu in Ireland upon * givea day , procure tie aa * ies of the parishi «* rs —all t » be sent to Dnblrj . » t thig . and 1 dtfj , the « ombhied pe-wer of Lords , Commons , Church and Radicals , aud WeUmgt « n « xd Peel to boot , te Teswt ireJead . " " Hereditary bondsmefi , ksow re not , Wio would be free , tfeemsilres irust strike tke " Wtm ¦ " O-Co ? i » eU ^ motto .

      '" Though I ava old , my arm is not yet too ¦ aithered t * wield a sword ia defence of Ireland ' s rights and so help me God , I ^ ouid rather Bee her green tk-lds crimsoned with gore , aad hex stream * nmang blood , thin see her miseries continued . "—O'CtnneU at the Drxyheda dinner . ^ 11 Let me have to petitions ef 500 , 008 fighting men and let them ran thus , ani then I'll -get-rour prayer granWd— "We , 580 , OuO fighting men , do bimbly pray your Honourable R « iae—and . kt tiie House know that jou are dc ^ rmiued to fight "—O'Cvnneil at White Cvndoii House . "Oh ! if we had a ParHame > ai BittUg in College Green , Vae Xildare boys would ic » lk in some tina niornmg , with their abon sticks , irhen the Hoase was about to ui-ritie , u teecii their iiembere how to Tote . " O'ConneU in Ttcblin .

      " The English woriing glasses merer frill join you ; they are an o ^ er-fed , selfish , srrige mce , opi > osed or indiffereo * to-sTerythiug Irish . "— O CfmnrU at Cork . "The sbopieepers hare » he rotes . bu » the people bare tbe noaey . Let no man spend -iiis money -with tn enea > y : 1 « erery man , tben , only deal with him ivbv wiU support -ths repeal # f -the ukioa . "—0 Cvni ^ ll « ¦ YvuyhaL " Let a graeral run be made for gold ; it U & " only means by wbich the people can shew their k---tiaeDCe . " —CrContieH ' s Letter to Che People in 1 * 34 , which caawd the run upon tie Corlr banks . He was reviled in tke House of Cocuruuns fcr it , and he justific-d tiie ac * . " Let eTtry man ' s door . be marked -who shall oppose the people - a » all erenta , le * us hato the satisfaction of knowing -eur friends frojc © or eneoue * . "— O'ConndL in Kerry .

      " I ^ ancyoung enonga y « t to fighi for a repeal of the Union , aad where is tte' cowarairiskmin lrho ** otzld not fi ^ kvin » o glorious a cause . "—O'CdnneU at c tti-mer t » Cork . Gentlearen , that is moral philosophy , while I-. am a destructive ! Bui to return , taciy subject , which , of course , -will be irrelevant to jny deience . Ln us consider by what power the benefit of reforc has been preserved to the Whi gs aad the title by- * rhich they bold the public otnfideEce . Gentlemen , that great-measure has been supported , and that delusive

      arau >« ht has been administered by English and Seoujh , ministers , and by IriefcjmajoritJes . ( icntleoien , 4 fthe dominion ^ ras wholesome and productive ofgwd , tslKmM N ^«« r ! tibsttarjr « nartw ^«» e the pilot * f yourtetunea ^^ feut when 1 thas see a ^ endiciat * ercenary lwdicg on » fiction for vriL when I know ^ iat the liberties of my country are old . 'w ' nen I am convinced that the return for ' confidtmce consists in the appointment of -knaves aud traitors , wflen . the Irish secretary ' s effioe is daily beee * with mendicant paupers to whoso jKquestB the . naverfaiWtanswer must

      be—Take ye .-bank notes , Give mejwur Totes . And , Gentlemen , they as gaiekly sell -faem . ( Lau ^ ter . ) And this is patriotism , and this is moral .. power , and this is constitutional agitation ! Gentieicen of the Jury , what i = the avovred juirpof * for which this ragged regiment . is to he raised ! To ? uppori the dignity of the Throne ! To uphold the insiituuons of" the couatry . ? To redecorate tht euustituti « i 1 No such iiiing . ; bat to overawe the monarch , to make snob , changes as lie autocrat , who gathers-wealth from patato skins , shall think proper . Five hundred thoasand . fightingjtften ! for what . ' to

      | xJki ] enable her Alapewv toact independently ! Ko . ; but to tell ker Majwty that if she attempts to change her advisers , tBe battery of his wrath Ehallbe opened upon her ! To ttll the Lords ,-another component part of the Constitution , that in Ihe event of their obstinacj , they , too , shall ha ? e a moral taste of -physical coercion , and to tell thei Commons the same , unless t £ k disinterested jiatriot shall have the Irish toBal all the God-senfe fliicWfte political hurrievayo tyithrow in hi 3 > % . - Gentlemen , this i * a whoies « Wfi state of things ; thig is one bo virtu * us fe jf 5 t % jgj . ttaad j tbta ia the O' ^ kwineU mod « -of SK ^^^^^ i ^^ Pv ^^ i ^^ the ^ wr *^( LK » Tirt » oug stricture * toon oar Governm ^ a ^^ AiaSW ^ Sun ^ iidxheChnmiefe with their J «* WiB 88 | fiSLJegislativ © experiments having ftaSrSfJdSSing the Corn Lawv « , the deed most be iwM ^ tfB ^ P ikBie by ^ revolaticai . * They t « ll the stan ^ j CMpffati ^ e * that they aw " Bea ' i laws , " v BttBrrMm ^ HHL" and ^ Lawi in viol » ti « n of which tirey <* e J « 3 tiB « i in going to tbeir teighbour ' s mctat *^ 3 } gntl 8 « en , this is tha rigbtfo ) preservali « ti ) f wltsrthe Attorney-Genecal caLU your in-4 w *«* iioe , li& % Q , -Geademeu . is amccgBt the fore-• TKSSt tiJMJlB pweei-T © f « r your kmaij use , thw jftidt . } frmdg ' fa !! . 1 eali umjmmiwu . ilead the iKHBiiid J ^ h * r 3 ^ 0 t men fo ^ / or the the

      ^ mmsm ^ aMm lAVrtti Atk-tuMl Is thy « ot ga * e worth Ma purBuitMfcsre Mr : w € 5 Bnnor toned to the Aitorney- General , * nd . with an eye of withering scorn thus addressed himj" jka ^ w& misbif plunderg * kj exbuuk- f "' - - Ihj partial quiverte » a iO& aaoK » B— . W % j ttopomtiarijTg # wreak on me ?* n-vsr- ^ - ' r- ' : : " - ¦ . . ... Oh , GenXlemen of tht Iwy , the Attornej-GenacaJ has notlsaxned to distinguish between ihs Lu £ amy ol his supporters and tba viruious indignation which tyranny ha * jjrought upon his Government . Gentlemen , c * n 1 poiut out error in honied words \ If so , ( each me how to call adultery fascination ; national plunder and imiver&al bankruptcy , commercial

      distress and tyranaj , persecution aud prosecution ihe necessary ezeiu + o et a conaiitutional power . Bu : 1 have cone it all ; and the secret meetings have dou- - - lt all . The Atturney-General , he knows wherein the fault lies ; he knows how to orrect it , and he ccovrg vrny h « does not do it ; ihai is because he kuowa that he is th £ Attorney-General , and if be did eorrect it there would be an end to his powtr . Gentlemen _ of the Jury , he reminds ate oi the Irish farmer ' s boy , who got leave from his mas : £ r to go and see ; a # humours of ao Irish fair , and a haif-erova to amuse himself . The Irish arc fond of their parents ; and tto the lad det « rmiued thai i ± 1 m mother should be a partaker of the day ' s

      piea * ure . Tney went to the fair , and as a matter « f course , th « lads first visit was t » a tent , where he changed hit half-crown , and in exchange received one tkid fihuliug . Upou the discovery he applied to the owner ei ma tent for a good one , but was kicked out , the landlord denying he had given it . Gentlemen , you may Terj well imagine what the iesliugs of the boy were , iliu ^ cut short of one-halt nu tpv'n . A eoreiawny u&uaji / takes place towards trie t . o ^ i of an Irish ia : r , wlneh is cailcd a light ; aad is the boy" was re : urmn ^ ivith his moiiu'j , m pa » -iijf ; iLroLigh tue rival lactiocs , what is caiiid a s . rav si ^ iie iai lue rbother 011 tht . head aud kihcu uer . Ttit aiirai ffis sounded , wina ^ li cruwut-u to

      VAi latal ? j > ui , anu amongst Uie res ; the luckL-s tyji-j -cuai : jitr , toio was in Lib sh . r ; bleevCS . L > -oi r xijriiiiii g ihe cuchjy , the hvy ln ^ aiUiy txKWmt-—" "i ' seVe the naaBinai kill my nmbcr ! > i «

      Untitled Article

      was immediately apprehended ; an inquest was holden , the boy Btuck to his Btory , and the man was committed for trial . Before the Grand Jury the boy Btuck to his evidence ; upon his examination in chief he was firm , nor was Ue shaken upon the cross-examination ; but Baron Pennefaiher , a Judge at whose hands no prisoner can receive injustice , did not like the boy ' s countenance ; and , upon closing his examination , that able and Learned Judge said , "Boy , attend to me ; look at the prisoner in the dock ; by the virtuo of your oath , is that the man that threw the stone at your mother !" The boy looked suspiciously at his victim , and replied , " Och , thin mi Lordship , be the vartu 0 ' me oath , that ' s the man that thruu the stone at mi wan imm ^ Jo * i v . j j r £ immediately apprehended ; an inquest was

      muther 1 " " Boy , look again ! " said the Judge , : " and take care how you answer me 5 b y the virtue of your oath , is that the man that killed your mother ! Answer 1 " Och , thin , be the vartu of mi oath , mi Lordship , I can ' t sware that that ' s the man that kilt mi muther ; but by the vartu of me oath , mi Lordship , that ' s the man that gave me tke bad shilling , any how ! " Such , Gentlemen of the Jury , is precisely the charge of the Learned Gentleman ( roars of laughter ) ; he will not swear that I have committed this crime , but he will swear that 1 have given the Whigs the bad shilling anyhow . ( Renewed laughter , in which the Court joined . It is impossible to give any idea of the effect produced b y this Irish auecdote , told , as it was , with the look

      and in the very dialect of an arch Irish peasant boy . ) Gentlemen of the Jury , continued Mr . O'Connor , I shall now bring yon back to the consideration of the question at issue . Watched as the Attorney-General confesses the Northern Shir has been , this is the only ex-qffii io which he has considered it his duty to file againel that paper , although he acknowledges that it circulates in every county in England . Then , Gentlemen , take the law from the charge of llr . Justice Erskine , who stated that a single slip should be looked upon rather ai an incant rous than as a . premeditated act . Geutlc-nvn , take then the avowal of the Attorney-Gen era ! upo this one occasion against my usual practice , and say vfhethfr or no the balance is in favour of innocence or guilt . Gentlemen , I told the Learned Sergenut , who prosecuted me at the la ? t assizesthat

      perse-, cution in this couutv was the high road to fortune . I then told him that the readers of the Star would not allow me to be trampled upon nor their organ suppressed . Tlw rap d increase of its circulation , after that prosecutiou , should have given the Attorney-General soae idea of the people ' s virtue ; anU 4 tell him now , that while he thinks he is ruining me ^ he ia making my fortune . I did boas * , and truly boast , where ithe perfidious journals of the day gave but a finger ' s length of Chartist proceedings , the coiumns of 'die Star were wholly devoted to their cause : and does he for a moiaent suppose that with the fall of the Star the cause should fall ? No ! never . Before I established it , I hwi expended over A'bOiAJ of -my own money in advancing the principle ; and * o-n : orrow , if I wtre hunted to the death , I should not have failed in my pursuit .

      " They never fail who die I-n a -great cause ¦ . the block may aoak their gore ; Their heads may sodden in tbe sun ; tbeir limbs ' Be * rung to city gates and castle walls—Bnt still their spirit walks abroad . Though years Elapse , and others share as ( Jwk a doom , Ihvy but augment the deep-md sweeping thoughts Which OTerpowtTAll others , and conducts The world at last to freedosi !" Will that teack the Learned Gentleman what popular spirit re * lly mearni ! Aud will he tako mv assurance thattbc struggle for liberty wiE u © - ~ on in * tue of all persecution : — " For freedom ' s battle , once begun , Bequeathed frota bleeding sire to son , Though baffled-oft , is ever won !"

      ' ^ ntlemen , fee may have scattered our fajses for a uttle , and is « not wonderful that I , the mt > 3 t guilty of all , shouic be able thus to avow my . principles , and boldly * o defend them ag&iiist all the powers arrayed against theei ? What are those powers ? Ihe Monarch—the House of Lords—ihe House of Commons- < he church—the army—the navy—the aristocracy—the ciiddle classes—the local authorities—tractors , hired spies , and informers ; and when we can staod against this force . 'what power can successfully -expose our pr ^ res ? ! Though we are called rabble , « , nd rank but lew abore the order ' of workawa in tfee phalanx ; if there'k a rabble of the peoplo there k a rable of the Lords—a rabble of tne Unwons—a rabble of the aristocracy—and a : rabble « f the middle classes- and-of all these the

      rabble « f the people bears the rantflestjproportion to the nurtber of * their order . We hat * but six men in i-ngja-nd and Scotland in our ranks above rto order <» f working men . These ere M < Douall , now mdpnsoned- in Chester gaol ; JaaesTayUr . of Rochdate ; O Bnen ; Pnkwhly , of Huda * rBfield ; dloir , of Glasgow and myself . Gentlemen ^ » therdebauched and drunker broken-dowD gentlscaen-have dishonoured 'he people ' s caese , I defy you to stamp reproach upon tfee character , the integrity , w the hononr . of the six 1 have inamed . Au 4 let- « s now eonskUr what eair priwrples are , and vwhieh hare been fceld to amount to high treason . We ba > s six pointy e-S "M ™*™ Pan aad paroeliof tfee conHtituiisu M » i 2 ? iw tJ ^ * " - ""*»» Ji piwr » . ^ rtSi ^ hfc Bajj % t » e- « irf * .-oq * < upMfte ^ i > T Ahe A 7 ton « iv uf

      uroeea ^ < d a portion at' hir- coKaeoea . iB 4 aW lunovation , « nd foreign to the ^ &D m England .. Uarersal Suffrage . was tb » coaetitutioc itself op ^ to » b « seventh ye «« of the . idfcn of Hew ' VI . Not AanuaJ , but Seaaio £ al ParliSaeBtB wiretf , part of the constitution in the foUflWine'tijui hqual representation was ociy broken in « pofa by s > ucee « aw « tilciiarchs , directing their w « te to eaVaiu boroojjh # 2 forstbe parpose of overawingjfcbe poiiul » vnteres ^^ B ^ mereasiug jeoyal prerogative . KTbe learned ^ entfexBan eDJoys ihe honour -of a seett in FarliameB * , without the necessity of producing imr other cinalffiaation than the confidence oMris Sbustuuents . d'fee payment of members is aotorifcua , and did not oease till the reign of ChjuieB . Tfus , Oentlemsn , ! have proved to jau that m * ak fojVno . tbau that

      more which our ancesUAi »>* K 6 Ste 4 s while , in Ji < ju thereof , w ««« offe » p * % at srSihIS good times , when every EnglitShnan ( bred tvA ^ e Doaest waa aeter soufU for . Genttemea of : the J ury , m-speaking of libel . £ bos to Jlfiire yoa t . bt the most extravagant ltb * T 4 e # er heard ^ raa pubhfched , an < i from the » alpjk too , " and iit the presence of the Learned Judge who ne » w pregidof . < Gentleajen , 1 aUude to the Asaize Se * - mon , preaehed by the Sheriffs Chaplain ; . w&ereHi , speaking of the pet measure of the Whigs , he d . > - nouneed it uu Atheistical , anti-Christian , aud d $ s - tructive . Me waa epeakiog of the Gwva * una 6 nt-System of Educationj and he invited the » e < tfle to ^ joia the Qiurch against the Governusit . ; Na « u .-fifinuemen , this And in the presence of vwoJoonpf the land , was very strong ; and do 1 blame ha ^ br do I really c * ii h iibeU JJo fieatle « eiu . I # t uuhw

      M . i ****** »¦ iPiinip fjn tinwffymifnUiY jTOHPT ^^ MBI Ui' was the 1 ^ -p ^ fot ^ MBwatiM ^ mnny « Kdivested of aojr ttutlwione ialetn , although i ^ aty have had a tendency ( u mi | iutikimuL Wlutd S '! Am lto be the onty mlL ^ oted guilty of jSus without the intent totyjf . mtffad I Gentl ^ iw , I stick pertinaciously io MiisTword "iuQZf ' and I tell you again and again , that ^ bfore you can find me guilty , you must Wtmj Toureelves as to Ihe intent . Is ihe Learned Gentk-« ian mad enough , after what I have react , 4 t ) U > $ p pejreevere in his charge of physical force 3 ile ^ it aot aware that ay defence muei be genuine ^ ^ > T ^ much a * ho kuowc that millions scho have hea * 4 . ie would abandon ma , ajid for ever ,,. if I w&b c aj ^ Q ^ , through iutiraiuaiieu , and upon tbe day of t « a 3- df tb *~ n'uouucing ioi * ackuowledg ^' principles . -3 to

      whet are we truly indebted for those phjEMil arrays I To the pr «» r&stination of j . loud-souiy ^ fi , h ' . gB ; promisii ) g Government . GtatWmen , in owl times , had the demand for Reform ^ eing met » i ' concession of the first demand , nirn ^ j , t £ e disflKchiB | o £ of Gatton and Old Saram , * nd the enfAl chisiqg . of Minehester , StrminghanvMditakMLU ^ Uken pla ^ | i I 'itflhll igytlfclllllTdW Irish tttbe sjgtem beSf Wm ^ mJij ' cbWm yoa would not have bear 4 tbe loud shout for a tola ? repeal oflbe impost , if justice had been done under ' the Reform Bill , you never would have heitxd of the Charter ; and now take heed , lest the deuial of our just rights this year may not usher in the following with a demand for a Republic . Then , to stop the greater grievance , you will . surrender' to fear what you will refuse io justice . Nest year I fear vou will

      beg of hs to lake the Charter ; and then it will n o * be in my pewer , nor in jwir power , to resist the more extravagant demand . The people will look upon yotr mercy as evwardice , and upon your jastioe as capnee . Gentlenajen of the Jury , I will now turn to my opinion delivered t » 40 , 600 persona of all classes , saddle , high , and low , upon the subject of a republic I refer to thu iite election for Glasgow ; and obsenra , Gentlemen , that it sometimes costs me a . 3 much ae £ 54 to provide an audience of your order ; because I am confident ( hat it but requires a fair exposition of Chartism to tttke it tbe adopted of all . Would the virtuous people of Glasgow allow me to retract before their opponents , the principles which 1 vras in the habit of propounding to the working classes ! Mr . O'Counor tnea read the following extract front his speech at the Glasgow election : —

      " Aye , Aliji-stj , fer I am for a Monarchy , and an htrediury uns . ( Loud cheers . ) The one head curbs auibitiom , prevents revolution , and keeps the grosser passions iuiuujoction : and 1 care not what you call » r huw you entail the title , provided the p » wer behind ihu tlii-oue is grater tlaiu the tbrone itselt ( Loud cheers . , 1 o ]> puse nut the execution of the laws , but I object to the i-liyhlin ^ iuterc «^ sioa of those wbo make Ihe laws , aud tlivn construe them equally against the . Siouurch tnd ttt people 1 cheers ^; sti- tc ^ then t he one ami ihe other vrill gain power ; but > ou hs . ve Wvakeneu b-tii by diuwin ^ from huth , and usur ^ u ;; their re » pi'ctiTepieruiativci . ¦ l . rn- \ cL ' .-ers . ) Uivc to tLe ( ineen i . crr-iiit * ,.. a ( i n-j mcrc—tv ti . e peopk- tiioirriglit * , knd stsbiat' K- »<; and iin a you will «• locgw mnud i « awe

      Untitled Article

      of brote foiee , or In dread of revolution . ( Cheers . ) Our revolution is for the rights of the Monarch , and against the usurpation of her present defenders , fRepeated cheering . ) Tour assaults are upon the pri-? Uegta «{ both . " Mr . O'Connor then turned to that part of his speech at Glasgow which referred to his frequent declarations upon the subject of physical force , which entirely corre ? pondea with the spirit of the several extracts , which he read from speeches delivered at the numberless meetings which he attended . Now , Gentlemen , 8 aid he , am I a destroyer of Monarchy 1 No , Gentlemen , both 1 and the people would support entire the prerogative of the monarch , while her present advisers , instead of preserving the necessary and ~» v * * ~~ of brote forte , or In dread of revolution . ( Cheers . )

      customary practise of keeping the mystery behiud the eceuee upon ail occasions parade a youug , a virtuous , and au innocent Queen as a soape-goat whereon to hang their vices , their profligacy , and want of character . Yes ! under the name of royalty they shelter tbeir every transgression j and wasituotfor the peobleVlove of Monarchy , the present Government by th * U ; Ueaohe » y would make wreck of their Monarch a fame . Gentlemen , of the Jury , all politicians have ifteir favourite nostrums—I have iniiie ; iti » Uni y er-¦ siji Suffrage . A Scotch gentleman , who ouce visited Ireland , tor the purpose of discording the real seat of her disorder , returned satisfied that be had discovered a remedy . Hi * belief was , that the landlords , parson * , and magUtruted we e tuo promoters

      oi alithe ceiiepiraciea , seditions , and outbreak * . His remedy was , wueu iuu'iriection broke out , forthwith to ua # g the nearest landlord , parson , and magistrates , his aepurance bbing that auch a course would effectually trauquipse tne country . ( Laughter . ) Gtutlemea , I'll $ ve you a nostrum for suppressing uhybical-iorcu [ demonstrations ; it ie this : —Let the two Learued Judges who are now on tuia circuit , receive the Royal Commission to go from county to coupty , proclaiming in each , as thoy have at Newcastle and here , the constitutional rights of the p&ople ; and 1 pledge myself that when the true , the jubt , the constitutional landmarks for popular discussion are erected , all thought oi physical display

      will be abandoned . Gentlemeu of the Jury , it is the nature of maa never to legislate for prtdperityit is evinced ia the homely adage , " Let well enough alone ; " while adversity never tails to legislate tor herself , and change is always enforced by what is called libel upou ancient practice . Gentlemen of the Jury , it is remarkable that upon the two only occasions that the Star has been prosecuted for libel , the paper bears evkieut marks vt my absence . Indeed , the y » ytme-for which t am now prosecuted is published in the same uusabor of tbe paper which contains my trial at VoriL . However , it 1 have inadvertently sown the wuid , 1 am prepared to reap the whirlwind ; aye , aud to bear the hUirniy blast of the first law officer ' s gathering etorin . Gentlemen , the

      same privilege is uot allowed to me which is c « u-¦ eeded to omer dtfeudauts . Wueu the Learned Gentleman applied to the Court of Queen ' s Beucu Ut make the last rule aosolute , aud whoa remonstrated with by Lord Chief Justice JJenmau , be complained thai 1 had not apologised . Gentlemen , 1 had nothing to apologise tor ; but if I had , and a it would have served mo , he did not give me the chance . He reminds me , Gentlemen , of the Irish servant wii « ouce changed service i ' roin & very penurious major to a very hospitable fox-huatir . Shortly afwr the change , tue old master went to dino with the new mastor ; aod in passing from the druwiug < wutt » the dining room , the old geuti-omau recognised bis old servaut , wuereupoa ho Uiued

      to the bust aud said , " wh * t ! does Jim live with you * " " Yes , " replied the host , "did he erer live with \ ycu 4 " " Yoa . " " Aud why did you part with him i" ' * Oh , upou my boiionr , " replieJ ttoe gueut , " 1 had no reason , except thai he could nerer put two -dishes deceutiy iy > o « the table . " "By dad !' relie « UJiin , Bmilmg , " ami for a very g « ad reasou , yotiaever tried mo , Oevauue you never haJ'but one !' ( , Jio * r 8 ot laughter . ) JSow , Geutlemen , Jim compluag that he uever liutl a chaucu ofreaeeiumg hw cii ^ raeier ; and « o 1 suj- to tu « Attorney-General , tu « t by dad , i did iwt make an apolegy ; aud tor Hie very best re * 8 on—that he took caro not te give me a clittnee . Geutlemett « f the Jury , J . have now travelled iflroujju thu . loug , this tedious ,

      tt . is |) ouudlese accutMUun ; aud I am cuming to a close . Gentlemeu ot the Jury , I accuse the preuent Government of having adopted a deaiructive syatem of ceutralisatiou . I ooateud that evecy man of money , of laud , or of other jM > . > sei !! iiou , should form a c « m--tioneni part oi the feyvoriinieut ot e country— that itie rictt aud the . puor bhould reciprocally depend upon , each © ther lor cotnturt , tor coubolation , ior protoeiion , * ud nupport . iuai tht .-rich should be to the poor wa ' ar tho JSoniun patron was to his client his counsel and his 6 iueld . 1 accuse the Government ol having da-iiwu the hue of deaia , i : « atiou too strom-ly between the nch * uu the poor , while the Government ofh ' oor clwjgiib me wnh liaviug promulgated chose tiMiiti to the people . Thtsir ' b was a crimemiue vws a Uuty ; yoi « hall decide i > e-

      iweeu us . tieiulemou of the Jury , I have » dvocat «< l this cause from sterling principle ; I have uever wctived a , uiagle fanluug tor any poor service that 1 have -rendered— i iiuror will . Gentlemeu , it . 1 had been a rovolutieaist , 1 might hare aucepwd the iuviuttiou to joia . ju tho retorin of the House of Lordd , which , it jbUiv&ip from pvpui « r delMojtt , mu ^» ve « eudkl'iW *?| U | ttu iiitf ) l 7 rovolutiou . * g& *^** # *^^ . & / % * u& * nicbr * ud , i .. badbas-fo joM the Btaudard ot the Corn l ^ w . repealers , to ^ audre i lie use of the Uaggerjuid the torcn . Gentlefmeii , you must , if you believe the Aitorney -General , believe me to be a cruei . maa ; while J have never commuted onesingle act of , cruelty - iu the whole course of my exiaienxu . Mo , Geetlemen ,

      " I-would not eater on my liei of friends , Though gtaced N » i * h poiisUed inauuors and good snse , Yet wanting sensibility , the man WiK > needlessly sets , foot n ^ ion a worm .-Genllenaen , though it may be libel , I venture to prediefctbat two > ear * ' louger-ioigu ol your pro ^ eai . rnlers ^ ill bring the eouuiry u > rum ana hei- . uwvuie to UeSlrutOtiou . What cuu oi > tine avail , eoiiiparea * t > the fa * 9 of milhoiiji J What terrors can a dungeon have for ^ n honest mau J Gcjitlemeo , i caunot do iefisthaathankyoufor the unexampled patience vrhiuu youhavaevmued throughout this long and tedious trial . Gtmileineii , measure not jour verdict by » ity

      Jjy bympatli ^ -tt ^ -owiipaabion—but , by justice auu the iiuem . ^ entie « ijjiip * kj 3 malicious latent to your Jury-box , aud r ^ ye no dtW d of your veriicu while , il should bo ^ &jilty , " / the souud will carry * vithit . Jio intimiJalion . \ Gtaulauieu of tha Jury ihobo of ^ ther day 6 fremionlly . do moat justice u- iC iiepartedT-au ex post jacto law renders jost mortem jizstice . JSeiid me then to my duufifon . ; ibaA dungeon , with my principles unsullied , wiil be a paradise ; wliilo the wide world wjthjny . ^ nuciploa du ? honoured , would be bu $ * a cold , bleak wilderness . Gentlemen , i have done

      • Mr . O'Counor spoke . for nearly Uve hours witfc oui an mterruptiou ^ of . a single moiaent ; and , to tk < - ver ^ close , the mdst Aveljaitentioii was bestowed bv tht ^ . A > iirt , jiifi bar , 'the Jury , auU thtiaudieuce «« . £ ino * who heard the rapui , the mawi ' v , tlie sarcastK a » d * loquent appeal of the Learned Gentleman can « ai } judge « f the electrical effect wiiich it had u ^ oii » altucssum . We regret t » say that Mr . O ' Connor V ra . pid . 4 ehveyy renders it . impodsiWc for us t 0 m ' vti oiuj-sixthptiffcof his speech , butneoit to ** A' fhat the bar was aBtouishea ; ami wo wnl&a WoTwe did not xhiok . hifa possessed ot . oue-half ^ he porv « a and ability fevmvh vuroughout he ~ didi > layed .

      B The Jiiugo auid Jury retire *! yr a fevr minutes and un iheir remraike ATTOHNEi ' tGji . NKK \ L . ruse tou-piv He reniat-lt « a tlusx the uefcuUi'jjD nad » ni r v cauM-i-lv ivoidtsd twuchiiigiho merits ^"~« m > quoaiiwii , know liigiull Widl . lUUn . JX was uuer ^ . iuapvsiibio tu read ¦ . siu ^ io iute eeable , quiet , and well-diepo «« isubject . ! Nuue better m the world—iie has alway * preached up Kubmifision to the iawa . and all opposition to physical torce , or anytiunjr iaadim ,

      >« wrett > . ( . Laughter . ) i'hen he bad abused the . humble individual before . them—the Government—Mr . O'Connell—the Chartists-ad except iha » amali section srnich recoguiscs llr . O'Connor * m Oxeit chief . It waa not necessary for him ( the Attorney-General ) to deny the praise which Ut . 0 Connor had bestowed oto himself , or to defend Uiose whom h * ha 4 assailed ; be should coiriiue himself strictly to the charge placed ou the record . Air . O'Couuor had asked the J « ry to look at the trials at Moumouth ** ^^ k ' Vi . ° ' he 8 ter » aud »» Vork . and they S 0 ^^^ ^ » ajoe h » d "ever been mentioned . Butxhd this show ho had coudacted himself as a « oodand peaceabla subject ? Ui £ hb not ha W *

      incited otfters-migut not the trials at these different places have arisen from the publications anJ exhortatawa of Mr . Feargus O'Couuor ! U was true , Sie gewalwaB abaent at the day of battl ,, but it miKht be conremeat to keep ai a . alo dutanoe hiawelf , and jmge-others uib difficulty and danger . Then Mr Kmnnwr eaad Chartism would grow by tkis nrose . ffe ^ f i Ouly make tho ^ arti ' is more tur-| uleiit » Hd lawlesa . That however should not pre-« enthiA doing his duty , aud be wao » urfi it would not prevent the Jury from doing their * . The law toe

      was strong for those who set thenuelven in denanee to it , and when properly eu breed , by the puBiBtaaentof Borne , it would ensure the respect of all ; Mr . 0 Connor had wandered to a great number of topic ? totally irrelevant to the issue before th . m Wnat , for " instance , had thoy to do with the turn Laws , or whether they were b « tKiHal or injurious ] Again , what had they to do as Jurors with thc c « niimtf oi the present Administration > They mitht ilesorve Wamc—they nii « iu bo incoaipuieut—the charges brought ugain-t them by the Oiai-tints mMit be tv « jU fotttded—it might be that Gvr » rutp wit Wer «

      Untitled Article

      wrong in not conceding the six points of the Charter , though he believed that tho .- > e who supported them were labouring under a most lamentable delusion , and that if conceded , they would only produce confusion and bloodshed . But . if he addressed twelve genmmen who believed the six points were necessary , he could safely appeal to them in justification of the course he had adopted ; for entertaining speculative opinions was one thing , and evincing a determination to defy the law , to introduce confusion and bloodshed , to overturn the constitution by fvrce , to take away the sacred lights oj' property , which were the foundation of all our civil institutions , was a very different consideration . If headdressedtwelvegentlemenof the other extreme , " •* ' - wrong in not conceding the six points of the

      who thought the present Government had gone too far in their reforms , had endangered the institutions of the country , and that they ought to be removed from office , still he had confidence in them ; for he knew that he was addressing English gentlemen , who had a great respect for the constitution of the country , and who ' held sacred tho oath they had taken . The Learned Genieman then said Mr O'Connor had been misinformed with respect to what he supposed had taken place when he ( the Attorney General ) was * candidate for Dudley , regarding torch light maetingB . He was also greatly mistaken if he supposed that the prosecution last assists was at his instigation . That was a criminal information granted by the Judgosinthe Court of Queen ' s B <; uc ; i :

      Mr . O'Connor was found guilty , but not brought up for punishment , and he thought Mr . O'Connor ' ought not to complain of this indulgence . He had no hesitation in saying that wheu he ( the Attorney-Genera . 1 was consulted respecting the pi-oprietv ofprayii . g sentence on Mr . O'Connor , he said " Forbear ! that was a serious offence , but for a greater than that , i ; is my duty to file an ex-officio information against him . " Had he been incarcerated , then m-iecd " might he have said with some plausibility , " Tho Attorney-General is a tyrant and any oppressor ; he instituted a prosecution ; he then praya the judgmeut of the Court of Queen ' s Bench against mo ; he immures me in gaol ; and 1 am consequently unable to prepare my defence , and to vindicate

      my innocence before a jury of my country . " To preclude this complaint , 1 did not bring Mr . O'Connor up for judgment . Again , the defendant s&ys there are other prostcii' ions instituted against him . Of these I know nothing . If he has offended the law in other respects , he must defend himself from those charges ; but they have not been brought against him by me . The Learned Gentleman then answered the complaint that an indictment bad not been presented before the Grand Jury instead of an eM-officio information being filed , observing that no hardship or inconvenience bad arisen to the defendant from the circumstance , and that this course was adopted to prevent the trial being deferred uutil the Sammer Assizes , the excited state of the country ,

      and the outbreaks which such puulications have occasioned , having demanded immediate attention . Then , again , Mr . O'Connor complained of the law of libel , and said that it ought to have been altered when the newspaper stamp tax was reduced . — He ( the Attorney-General ) was very far from saying the law of libel was right . In his humble opinion , it might be improved , and means discovered tor removing the scandal from it . But what alteration would exempt from punishment tha publishers of libellous matter having for its object excitement to insurrection aud rebellion ? What sort of a reformation would that be , which would give impunity to libels bo noxious , so mischievous , bo fatal to the beat interests of society as those which have been

      road to you ? They are so palpably injurious that even Mr . O'Couuor disclaims them , and then he says that he is not answerable , because they were spoken by auother person . There never was such a ihiug heard of as that the circulators « f poison having a direct tendency to tho incitement of tho comtiiisHon of crime , should not be answerable for their conduct . Then tbe defendant complained that others had not been punished , and he brought forward the Times wnich had called the Government shabby and imbecile . Gad forbid that the time should ever come when a prosecution was instituted by any government for such publications ! Let it ever be a privilege of Englishmen to abuse the Government as much as they please—the government was one thing , and the

      coustttMtiou and tbe law was another . It was qtiito competent for the Editor ef a newspaper to call the administration imbeciles , and it would be most niifichioTous , unconstitutional , and culpable , if the officer Of any government should file an er ojfflcio intbrrn&uou against a newspaper which ceiisureu tint government . iiuoh a prosecution asight well indeed be reproba : jd , and would be reprobated by all well-thinkiug men . There was no harm in either abusing a party , or the leading men of that party . He had come in for his share of abuse , and God forbid that he should ever file an cm qfficit information against any person who abased niui either in his public or private capacity . But Mr . O'Connor was not prosecuted for liawn ^ abused either Whigs , Tories or Radicals—cither

      phy . 4 cal-f « rce or moral-force Cliartidtb ; but he wan prosecuted for a publication having a teii'leuiy to excite to iniurrootion , and to a subversion o . the institutions of tbe country , for which all jwliiicians , to whatever party they may belong , have an equal respect . He could say , that since he hold the olfiee of Attorney-Geaeral , which he had now filled for a longer period than any individual during tho present century , no publication had been brought before hi ^ notice in the -slightest degree approaching to the atrocity of this ; and he should have thought himsell guilty of a gross dereliction of duty if he had not brought Mr . O'Connor before a Jury to answer for his conduct . After urging that the articles which the defendant had read wore irrelevant , inasmuch as

      a man might preach obedience to the law one week , and the subversion of the law another . He .- < aid that the editor and proprietor must be auw . vorab ' . e for that which appears in their journal : nm- if th . x injure the private characters ot individual- ; , or tend to breaches of the public peace , they might be made the subjects of civil or criminal proceedings . He agreed that they must not only find Mr . O'Connor guilty of publication , hut tfuilty with the intent charged . Tho law was this —erery ma . n > Vf& * suppc-Bml to intend the natural at : ci necessary consequence of that wJii-Mi he due- ; ;< na after giving several illustrations of this leaal nuixiiu , theiearaed Gentleman eaul they must io > k to the tendency of the publications , and ' it' it was clearly mischievous they were justified in finding a malicious

      intent . Mr . O'Connor had protwe ^ d great oisiuterestednesa ; yet is was just possible that thy insertion of aueh mischievous articles might increase the sale of nis journal , and the profits of the proprietor . But whatever the motive of publications , pure .. r impure , interacted or disinterested , it was dear the article .-had be ™ effective . Did not the indecent cheer from a portion of the . * udieuce with which Mr . O'Connor was received , and which was instantly suppressed by the . iludge , show that some unhappy men hadfceen perverted and debauched b y the reading of . tuch raischie * ou « publications ! ] £ ad they not entertained the vaiuJiope tnatthis expreesionoftheir sentiments might have some influence ^ on the ifiiuds of the Jury <> r deter ihe learned Judge Irom boldly performing his duty I

      When Adam wrought aud Eve spaa , WJio was then a gentleman . " Hume said these doelrine ^ fcfere eagerly received by all mankiuti ; it was better to endeavour to guard jjjroptny ihr . n to ciruulate principles aubvtrsive oi ¦ property ; atid without the most sacred regard to . property tlusre could be no peace and happiness glider any f *« rm . of . gavernment . He again repeated ¦ taa-. he shoukl receive aheir verdict with the most . { Krfect feattsfifcitiou ; if they thought the publications WJli ' h lie hadilaid betorc them Were innocent piiijliiZAiou *; if they thought they might l >« eiiv . iilaifd in

      m :. * country ill diose uuie .-s without anv injury to ii ; e _ ' ; i > inmuiiiiy , ief ihtun by all means acquit Mr . OiCoiiiior . Buijth « i ) ho > huul > l vvich to k \ ow wnat HZtitv be libels i Ji' the Jury declined these pnblicaiioiiB hariuloM , it seemo < l to him ( speaking with the ^ i'catest respect toward * them , who by the constitution ot ° the c . iKmtry governed in this case ) that they would proclaiaiuniversal impunity to tho licentiousness of the pros * , that the most melancholy confluences musceiuue , that the most direct exhoriatk > n « Xo violence and to plunder would be protected , that these would probably be acted upon , and that before loag the country might be deluged with blood .

      The Xiearned Ji ; dgb then proceeded to tam np the evidence in a most iniuute , masterly , and impartial mamu'r ; uot trenching upon the function * of the Jury , nor turning to the right hand « r to the left to create the t-jighteat prejudice in their minds . He regretted thai , after the able and powerful speech whieh they hau heard from Mr . O'Connor , that that GeiitL > maii did not more respect his owu high acquirements and talents tbau to use theta for the purpose of exciiJag an illiterate audience by a caricature of > he other claques of society . He was quite Hure that the Jury atuat have felt tbia regret

      themselves , when they -contrasted the 6 peech set forth in the information with some of those excellent writings of Mr . O'Conuor from which ha had that < Lr read extracts . The Learned Judge then proceeded to read from the informations those papsagea which , he aaid , would most particularly require tbe attention « f the Jury . In conclusion , he told them that if there was any , the slightest doubt upon their minds , thoy would by all means give tbe defendant the benefit cf that doubt . The Jury th » n Tetired ; and , in about tea minutes , returned a verdio * of * GUILTY . "

      As wn as the Jury pronounced their verdict , The ArroiorKT-GMSBAL rose , aud prayed for immediate sentence upou Mr . O'Connor , advancing as a reason that the cirtuuistaocee of tho times demanded his immediate incarceratiou , while the effect of the sentence was always moTe forcible if passed in tbe presence of the Jury who returned the verdict . The Act , he said , justified him in the application , and therefore he prayed foT instant judgment . Mr . O'CoNxoa replied that the construction sought to b « put upon the Act l > y tho Attorney- !} .-neral was the exception , aud not either the principle or the pructico . T !; e words of the Act wera , that the Judge " may " pass beaten * e , thereby giving bus a dia <

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      cretionary power ; while the only power given to tb » Attorney-Gentral was the very reverse of what h » prayed for . The Act allowed him not to call fo * immediate judgment , but to pray that sentence may be deferred ; thereby showing that the practice waa against him ; and again see , my Lord ( continued Mr . O C > how the Attorney-General seeks to drgti-oy the character which he has just claimed fat clemeney . Your Lordship will bear in mind that the Attorney-General , in his reply , made a gnat parade about not bringing me up for judgment , lest my incarceration should have deprived me of th « means of making the fullest defence to the prosecution which I have this day defended . Now , tiwD , my Lord , I ask with whatco " lour of justice be can now seek to deprive me of the beat means of meeting youi — ¦ - ' " a * o , r « .. im »™ ^» wi . * . „ « . w . * :- »„ ^ . i ~

      Lordship and another Jury at Liverpool , where I am bound to appear . Again , my Lord , apartfrorn the Liverpeol trial , if incarcerated now , shall I be «\ as good a condition to prepare those affidavits to which I look with confidence in mitigation of punishment . Again , my Lord , if I was aware , or could hav « inaagiuedj that the Attorney-General would hay « taken so unusual a course , I assure vour Lordship that I would have come before yonr Lordship wita a much more complete defence . Upon the vrhola , then , my Lord , I have to pray the Court that judgment be postponed upon my assurance that 1 ana like ' y to suffer damage from the more severe course . My Lord , the act is 1 William IV ., o . 70 . I » trivea you a discretionary power ; and that power , 1 feel convinced , will be exercised so as to promote the ends ofju 8 tice , without doing violence to justice .

      The AtroKNar-GENERAL replied that it was mo « t important that immediate sentsnoe be pass ^ fi ; t ' ut the Govtruineiit had nothing to do with tho prowc * - tiou at Liverpool ; and that Air . O'Connor might b « prepared witu all tho necessary affidavits bv tomorrow , or » i furthest in a day or two . He theref-re most humbly prayed that the Judge K f ' ow whom the yerdict waa taken would pass sentence The Learned Judge asked Mr . O'Connor forth * Act of Parliament ; aud , having read it , said , that it was alwayH most conducive to tho ends of justice to pass sentence in the county where , and before the Jury by whom , tiie defendant vras found

      guilty ; but for the reasons assigned by Mr . O'Connor , which were used in his defence , and not therefore as a subterfuge , for the postponement of justice , nam : ly , tliat he wa 3 again to be tried at Liverpool , and , &i ho very truly stated , the inconvenience to which imprisonment would subject him in preparing the necessary affidavits in mitigation of punishnjeni ; and further , inasmuch as any consideration "wli-ck the Court could show is such case should be ahowa to the defendant , he held that his interest * trottld b « best served by allowing him to remain at large rather than prejudice his coming trial . The Court » therefore , refused to graut the applieatiou of tha Attorney-General .

      Mr .-O'CeNNOR immediately left the C « art , which instantly became deserted . Wednesday , I / arch 18 . The Court was occupied many hours with the case of " Bell v . the Hull and Selby Railway Company ;" in which a verdict was taken for the plaintiff . Alter whieh came several causes of no public interest . Thursday , Marth 19 . Tne Court , having been occupied all day in tho hearing of causes interesting only to the parties reepei tively concerned , rose at half-past eight , having concluded its business . Ou the following morning Mr . Justice Coleridge proceeded to Lancaster .

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      SECOND COURT—FttlDAT , MaRCH 2 QTH . ( Before Mr . Sergeant Atcherlcj / . ) Benjamin Wiseman , 30 , Robert Jenkinsott , 28 , and Clayton , were charged with having , en the 2 Uth of August , at Kipley , feloniously stolen a horse , belonging to Mr . John Wilks , jun . Mr . Bainfs and Mr . Hill conducted theproteciu tion . Mr . Cottinguau , Mr . Wilkins , and Sir Gregory Lewin wore for the defence . Much evidence was adduced , but we have no room for it . The Jury found Wiseman Guilty , and acquitted the other prisoners . Wiseman was eentenced to two year *' impriaonment .

      THIRD COURT , FRIDAY , March 20 . ( Before Cressuell Cressu-ell , Esq ., Q . C . J CHARGE OF CHARTIST EXTORTION AT

      LEEDS . Geori / e White ami John Wilson , who had been out on bail , were charged with conspiring to extort money from various persons at Leeds , in July la . st . There vrtre four counts in the indictment varying tho chcrgo . Mr . Wortley and Mr . Watson appeared for the prosecution ; Wilson pleaded Guilty , and Mr . Wilkinb defended White . Mr . Wortley having stated tho case , the following wit nesses were called ;—Mrs . Prescott—\ reside at Leeds . The defendants called and asked if the master was in . I ealled him ,

      and White and Wilson then enquired if he would give them- anythiug towards the funds of tbe National Convention . Mr . Prescott refused , on which White said , " You may , for you have a good dinner tvery day . " He asked them why they did not do as their party had done at Birmingham . White asked if he sanctioned such proceeding ? , and he replied that he did not . They said they had one book in which they v ntered their friends , and a second book for those against them . White said , "Before next Christmas many would be laid low , and their head * would be where their jtoes now wire . "

      Sarah Fnxcrof t said the defendants came into her house . White asked if slie would contribute anything to t ' ie Radicals ; she replied she would not . White said " Oh very well , we will put you d < wnin the black hook , " and Wil-on said " Oh come away . " Edmund ikead , Mrs , Whincup , confectioner , Eiwd Rhodes , hatter , Kirkgate , Mr . Wood , ironmonger , Vicar-lane , and Mr . William Mawson , bookseller , gave evidence to the same effect . Sergeant Wade , of the Leeds police , said he took a black and a red book from the prisoners . Cross-examined—I found Lhuui in Mr . Taylor ' s shop . I asked them their business . When apprehending them , While asked what it was for ; I said fer begging ; White said , what did I call it ; lreplied , " Why , I can call it nothing else . " He said he had as much right to beg for the National Convention , as they bad io beg for the mayor ' s gold chain . White waa Very indignant at being taken into custody .

      Re-exiimined—He told me if I put him under lock and key , he would make me smart for it . Mr . Wilkins addressed the Jury in an able speech . He said it was an offence of which he had never before heard , framed as it was on the indictment ; and ha thought before he had offered many , _ -n marks to thorn , they would be of opinion , no offence whatever had been committed . Mr . Wortluy began by a begging of the question ; his first assertion took for granted that which was not borne out by fact or testimony , Yii that the Natioual Convention was an unlawful institution or assemblage , hiving for Its object an unlawful purpose . He need h-irdly tell them that Convention was a con ventional term ; aud though they might have heard thai once curtain parties got themselves together to

      subvert tho existing constitution , and called themselves a National Convention , yet they could i . ot infer that this C-inv . cntiori had the same object in view . Where was tiie proof of t !; at ? Ho evidence of it had beat laul b < fore them , and they could only find their ver-< iict on tho evidence . They were not to bvini ; into th « tin ? east any pie conceived notions of their own thoy wtru not . to consider the pupulur and comnion-plaoi acceptation of iNational Conveiiliou—thty woic not to tupply by crude information which they might have received in the course of their walk in life , what the evidence had not supplied them relativa

      to the objects ef the National Convention . They had no evidence as to whether that associuton was Christian or anti-Christian , political or Bcientitic , and therefor * when Mr . Wortley asked them to iufer it was an unlawful assembly , he did that which he bad not condeucended to prove , and not having done so , it was a gratuitous asumption on his pait The Learned Gentleman having made some observations on the Charter , and the importance of separating the charge beforethem from their being ChartisU , concluded by saying tb « prosecutors hart not proved the object for which the subscriptions were collected , was an illegal one , n that the means of doing so wero unlawful .

      The Quee . vs Counsel , in summing up , directed the Jury to acquit White on the three first counts ia the indictment , ae they had not been proved , and leaving tLe fourth for their consideration . The Jury retired , and after an absence of a few minutes , returned with a verdict of GUILTY . Tie Court then sentenced White to six month * ' imprisonment , and Wilson to four months' imprisonment , in the county prison . ,

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      The Gr a * d Juar . Tbe Geutlein « « f A Grand Jury have left in the hands of tbVketMC of York Castle , the mm of £ 25 12 s . 6 d ., t » bi applied by him in obtaining tbe diMhax £ « » f v—M dabUrs .

      Third Edition.

      THIRD EDITION .

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      BT EXFBKSS . Friday , March 20 th . —The arrirala of Grajm are ouly moderate , and a good deal of what ia reported was sold last week . The sale for Wheat if slow , but prices aro maintained . Barley is mor * free of sale , and . fully as dear . Oats and Shelling steady . Byans scarcely fetch so much money .

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      2 ITARRXAGS . On Sunday last , at Selby , by the R « y . iohij I * Walton , vicar , Mr . John Hargreavwi , of W » k « - fialti , ironmonger , to Elizabeth , daughter « f lUr . C . Blaydes . of the former plac * .

      Wakefield Corn Market.

      WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET .

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      j _ THE NORTHERN STAR . A * '

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 21, 1840, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/king-y1kbzq92ze2676/page/5/