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. EIN ^ M T ^; M I > OUALI * COLLINS , ( Continued from our seventh page . ) liroaght iabo action . But this would be highly dan germs to tbeir cause—all would be thrown upon tin haaazd of the die , and there would be many chances against them . If , on the contrary , ajanetton tool plsee between toe two parties , & benefit might tw < taiTBd tram it Kb thoold be the last maa to ask the waking dams to go oTer to the middle f » v » men . or « res to invite them to join with them ; bat hi hoold go against bis conscience if he counselled them towtoe their assistance if they were willing to join the people in their movement ( Hear , hear . ) 8 tilJ be woold not allow them to poaaeas any eoBtrou ) orer the morement ;—( hear )—and if they oonsnlted their own interests they wonM join i t , for they were interested in obtaining cheap Government , and oonse qaently in the carrying the Gbarter . The speaker then
aOluded to the various agitations which had been set od foot , and advised the people to have nothing to do iwithanyof them , bat to stick to the Charter . He would adopt no agitatiom , be said , that had not the Charter for its basis . W * & regard to this subject he ¦ wished to notice a specbd delusion now abroad—the nest deceptive trick which had been brovght forward since the Reform Bill ; lie meant the acRattoa now getting op through the country on tibe sstyeCt of our &rcecgn policy . It iaA attracted his stteataeB immediateiy on his leaving ins prison ; and wh « B , on inquiry , he foond there was ^ a talk of the impeachment of lord Palmerston , and heard that - someof the leaders of the Chartists iwk engaged in it , be began to suspect that all was not right , and although . he had not heard much of it , fee had good reason for conatdexing it the most special delusion ever thrown oat as a bone of contention . Thek friend Collins , who knew more of
the matter than&te did , would no doa » t explain all about it Their first object , it appeared , was to excite in the minds ef fce people of this country a fear of invasion , l&eax , bear . ) They wished to excite those prejudices which existed in all nations , the most barlauxms as well % s the most civilised , against foreign invaders— and they talked about Rassia invading this -country , * od- < kriving away our locks and herds . Why , oppose 'die did . Perhaps , in that ease , some of our tarying pofwiattoa might be enabled to get ft taste « tf mitten— flaoghter}—whfle those who bad no stake in \ m country might happily become possessed of a nation jfaai . ( Great laughter . ) Who would believe She people of this country would submit to the Russians , ¦ who were 4 he most contemptible people in the world .
Oae English iine-of-battle ship would sink tea of their cockle-sheila , and 1 , 000 English working men would teat 10 , 006 of their army . And suppose they did come , woold it be any worse for them , the people ? f So , no ! " ) It appears that the evils of foreign inva--aian would at least fail upon the rich as well as upon the poor . ; but the evils of Whig Government fell upon tbe poor alone . { Loud cheering . ) No , working men of this country had nothing to fear from an invasion —( cheers )—to them an invasion would 1 » welcome— - ( loud and continued cheering )—¦ fid especially if it were an invasion of their brother Americaas . iContinned cheering . ) Would the people do anything else , under those circumstances , than put their hands into their pockets ? No ; and ' no system
could be worse than the present system of legislation . "What did £ h& people of this country care about : Lord . Palmeiston , o * Constitutional Jack , or Plain John ? ( Laughter . ) " What -a-as it to them if these men conspired still further against the nation ? It would only be another crime the more ; and as soon as the Charter ¦ be came the la-w of the land , they would all be swept off together . This agitation about our foreign policy eame very ill from Binninghain , and especially from an A . ttwood . la ca 3 e of , a war with Russia , -which -srae evidently the end the leaders of this agitation proposed to themselves , Birmingham would be perhaps the oniy town which would profit by it He understood , that at a meeting they lately held in Birmingham , they had the Circassian flag flying over the hustings . ( Hear
, hear , hear . ) Though he would williDgly serve the Circassians , he would seom to fight under their flag—or even under the flag of Britain . 'Hear , and cheers . ) The only banner he -would ever fight under , tras Uut of the rights of labour , and foi the Peoples Charter . iLoud cheering . * But these agitators hsd got a double object in view . It was not only to excite the country to & war with Russia , but also to . destroy the present movement for the Charter . Tney had taken away—he would not say the best of their leaders , for they were -unworthy of the title , and paid them for advocating what they called the rights of citizenship . In his opinion the suffrage was the best right of citizenship , _ and he wanted do other . ( Cheers . ) 1 The men of Birmingham had done right to reject them , and he
understood not one hand had been held up- for their resolutions . He had thought proper to inake these remarks , as many arguments had been advanced by this party calculated to mislead the people ; and-the effect of them wpuid only be to divide their ranks , and ruin the sole object for which working men ought alone t « contend . The great principles of the Charter ought not to be nm-ro'g-ed do-sm to an impeachment of a Secretary & Stats ; and all minor differences on ^ htto be avoided ior the purpose ef advocating its principles , which would give equal rights and liberties to alL He tad intended to have Eaid something that evening with respect to the power ef the masters ; but , as he had occupied so much of their time , he would bring his remarks to a conclusion , by observing , that , as the men of Manchester Lad now so Btrikingly shown their attachment to the Charter , he should now offer himself to them as an advocate of its principle * . To no other movement would he lend himself ; and when any other
"Was brought forward he would oppose it . Many saerifices ha 4 been made in this eause- ^ -and many "had fallen by the way . They had seen Frost narrowly escape . Frost , the just man , the worthy father , the equitable magistrate , — cheera , —Lad been baimhed his native soil because he dared to advocate the rights of labour . He , fcr one , and John Collins for another , were determuKd to advocate the Charter , which was the best gnsrantee for those rights ; and when it was established , the commerce and trade of the nation would be enlarged , her porte filled with shipping , her cottages happy , and peace and happiness be the lot of the working man . God grant that that soon might be the case ; and now that he wis liberated—now that he was once more free , ho would put his shoulder to the wheel as long as he had 3 spirit above the shackles of a slaveas Isng as he had a Epirit to contend with the oppressors of his fellow men . The Doctor sat down amidst tremendous cheerirg .
The Chairman said the next toast on the list was " Frost , Williams , and Jones ; and may they be speeuily restored to tha bosom of their families . " The toast was drank in solemn silence , the band playing a solemn dirge . . Mr . TlLLMAS addressed the company as asseslcrs of their rights . He would not call them slaves , for they alone were slaves who submitted willingly to tyranny . The toast to which he had to respond was one of a most delicate subject He advised them to make every exertion for their return ; and argued , from the case of the Glasgow Spinners , that if they were unanimous they would be successful in those exertions . The chaibmajt then proposed the next toasV" Messrs . Collins and Lovett , and all our liberated iriends . "
Mi . Collins was received with immense cheering . He assured them that it was with very peculiar feelings he rose to acknowledge the high honour they had done him by the manner in which they had drunk his health , as well as that of Mr . Lovett , and the other liberated Chartists . If anything could recompense him for his sufferings / it would be the knowledge that through them he had obtained the esteem' and respect of his fellow-mec . And even this recompense , great as it was , farmed but a small part of his consolation . The sufferings and imprisonment 6 f the Chartist leaders had not been without their effect , in-respect that they had called the attention of the people of that country to the principles of that Charter for which they suffered ¦ and the consequence had been , that the enemies ef the liberties of
the country rued the day when they thought they would put down Universal Suffrage by the tyrannical statutes of Whig and Tory legislation . { Cheers . \ There was a certain adage , the truth of which was admitted on all hands— " " The blood of the martyr is the seed of the Church f and he felt sure that , by the sufferings of the advocates of the Charter it * glorious principles would be advanced at a railway ¦ peed . ( Applause . ) Allow him , then , in his own name , to return them bis thanks—allow him , also , to return them thanks in the name of his friend , Lovett —itremendoss cheering }—than whom , he was sure , a better man existed not in the country , nor a more devoted friend to the people ' s cause . ( " I wish he was here , " was remarked by some individual . ) Some one tad said , I wi * h he was here ; " he ( Mr . Collins ) wuhedeotoo . it wm not a false pretext which pre -rented his being there . He had seen him in the
dnageoirt gloom and he bad beard bis aspiration * for bis wife and children—he had heard his devotion * for the success of the people ' s cause ; and had obserred that it was not in the power of peraecation io make him swtrre from advocating the rights of liberty , the privileges of the people , . and the happiness of ti > e whole human race . ( Great cheering . ) What was it that brought this patriotic individual into prison ? It was n » threa tening language held on the spar of . the momenfr- ^ tt w&i » o Tsln and empty feast , but it wai the eSsct at ft eahn , deliberate reaolatioiL The ConTention had deeded that it was of the greatest importanee to p * bluh s certain addrea from t hem to the people , and whtch was to . be signed by every member . Lorett , - who foresaw the danger , immediately said , "No ; it is Sf * JTLir ^ , down * Persecution on all who sign it One victim will be enoagh i I'll sign it I" and he did Bgn it . as secretary to the Convention . " ( SufamE .
Mppuaue . ) And why wag Lovett thnj willing delihe-» teiy to run into danger ? Because the right * of the people had been invaded—because a peaoeable meeting ? J 5 fJ ^«^ ff ***** tad been dispersed by « mnconsbtoaonal force . Therefore it was that l ^ tt ^ " ^ ^ ^ ' Protested against this tyranny ; 2 £ S ? f ^ ° ^ . **• ™* lBg <*« ** shtmldSy fflhmit to hav « their rights .. and privileges trampled £ ^ f 0 Ot 'l ? erby Waa « w *«* S slafes of ^ w ^ he ( Hr . CoHins ) w < mld * y , as Lovett badaaS "Welcome wee more the imprisonment of Warwick « boL ( Tremettiouj cheers . ) And he would now ejin "ay , it was a brrt » J—it was an Bnconatitafcional act , on the pert at fboas who committed it ( ApelauieT Aad nor , having di * r <* ed et W * qoeition , h « wosld
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lUnde to another . He saw women before him whose uusbands were now suffering for their cause , and for his own . No doubt those present sincerely sympathised with them and their husbands ; but he could assure those persons that it was but a small part of those soSeringa of whkh they were capable of forming an adequate idea . They might be able to imagine the ¦ wmty fire , and the stone walli , and the long gloomy nights of the cheerless dungeona ! Bat these formed but a small part of their sufferings . When the minds ef the poor prisoners reverted to their once « heerful firesides , asi when they pictured to themselves that now their wives were ©• mfortless , . and , perhaps , destitute , a » 4 mingling their tears with those of their children—and , when a train of ideas like these was
broken ta upon , by the shutting of ponderous doors , the drawing of massive bolts , and ( he clanking of heavy -chains , then it was that they felt that they were indeed sufferers , though in the cause of freedom . To be ssra , when they again reflected oh the principles for which they suffered , they were enabled in the midst of thek dejection to say— " The principles of truth and justice require that I should be thus treated , rather than that those principles should be allowed to die . " He himself had been actively eagaged in agitation since his emancipation , and bad , therefore , been much separated from his wife ; bat be could not stop one quarter- of an hour in her society without a reference being- made to some event which occurred during his imprisonment , and each of which had been the caue
of much suffering . But why did he allude to this ? Not certainly to raise any painful feelings in their minds , but to press upon them to take care that the temporary widow should not suffer from want , while their husbands were imprisoned in the cause . He was sure they would take care of them ; and it was unntcessary for him to say aay thing more on the subject iHear , hear . ) And here he would observe , that those who opposed the working classes , asserted that the greater part of the criminals of the country were working men , and that almost all the vice in the land was to be laid at their doors . These calumnious assertions were actively bandied about by those who kept them in subjection . Why were not the working men properly treated in this respect ? Because they had nsver
stepped forward to do themselves justice . Who had been the authors and writers for the press of this country ? Almost always the middle and the higher classes ; these men were notoriously ignorant of the opinions and feelings and habits of the working classes . Who knew anything of the history of the working classes ? Some books had been published with some pretensions of the kind ; but they really contained nothing at all to the purpose ; and he should not be surprised if a good history of the working classes should one day be published by one of themselves , and which would really deserve its title . Then , again , if there was any good thing done by any of the middle classes , it appeared in all the newspapers . If any of them gave a few pounds for a charitable purpose , every body was
sure to hear of it ; but nobody heard of the kindly sympathies of the working man , for his unfortunate brother , when he sat whole nights by his sick bed , or when he clothed his ragged children , and shared hi hard crust with his family . ( Hear , hear . ) All this was done privately , and no noise was made about it , and therefore there was no idea on the part of the middle classes , that working men oossessed any feeling or hnmamtj-. Thus all the good was attributed to the middle classes , and all the bad to the working classes . They formed their ideas of working men from reports of courts of justice and police-offices ; but who were the persons , the thieves and bad characters , who usually figure there ? Were they working men ? ¦ Cheers . ) >" o I They were men who did no work , but
who lived upon plunder , and it was as unjust to class them with the woriing men , as it would be to class thtm amoEg the middle class . ( Hear , hear , and cheers . ) He was quite certa n that , during the time he was in Warwick gaol , there were quite as many of the middle classes who took their trials there for crime as there were of the working classes . He had alluded to this subject because he was a working man himself ; and he would never submit to hear his class slandered without elevating his voice in their defence . ^ Chee rs . ) Their friend , Dr . M'Douall , in addressing Uieni the other evening , had told them that if ibey desired a proof of what working men were eatable of effecting , they would find it in the magnificent buildings which they had erected throughout the Jand . He
thought the minds of the working men were another proof . While the pyramids of Egypt and Pompeys pillar were crumbling into dust , the spirit of the institutions of Greece and Roome Ehone forth in the popular mind at the present day ; and yet they were told that they were not fit to be entrusted " with the franchise . Let them lock at any country , at any period of the world ' s history , where democratic institutions prevailed , and they would find they had nnifonnly proved beneficial . He had already alluded to Greece and Rome ; he would now give them a modern instancethe Democratic Cantons of Switzerland . In that country at present prosperity blessed nil cbvses . The laws were few and simple , readily understood , and promptly obeyed- Custom-houses , excise-laws , and prohibitory duties cf all
descriptions were banished from among them . Justice was promptly and cheaply administered ; and on any attempt being made to attack their rights , the spirit of liberty animated every heart and nerved every arm to defend them . 'Loud cteer ? . ) -A gain , let them look at Norway . She bad not half thu " natural resources of her neighbour Sweeden ; but owing to the institutions of Norway being demtcratical . und those of Sweeden aristocratical , the former country flourished and prospered , -while the latier bore evident marks uf decay and misery . Th « n there vraa America-Cheers .. Certainly America hail one stain upon her star-besx angled banner : the slave trade ; but that , like its damning brother we had in this country—the infant slave trade—( tremendous cheering )—did not proceed from the democratic institutions America now possessed . ~ So . It was the last remnant of Aristocratical Government—a plague-spot that resulted from Kingly dominion . tCheers . ) He was perfectly sure he possessed
the sympathies of his audience , "who were mo 5 t Of them working men . He trusted that they would not much longer be contented to bear the brand of slavery that had been affixed upon them . He trusted they would proclaim aloud , "We never will be contented slaves we never will be contented to toil like beasts of burden , and be deprived of the power to support the wives of our bosoms , and the children of our loins . " Great cheering . ) Let them never mind the talk of physical force—let them tay nothing about it , and the force of truth should stalk through the land , and cover their oppressors with eternal shame , and tyranny should be ashair . eA to show itself . Their enemies dreaded the power of truth more than any thing else . Let them proclaim their wrongs , and never mind what was said of them for doing so . Let them not te alriid even of suffering imprisonment . Let their conduct be determined , let their exertions be increased , and the day of their success would not be fur distant
; From the manner in which they had responded to the [ sentiment proposed by the Chair , he did not think they ' came there so much to express their attachment to I him as to the great principles of liberty for which he had ' suffered . Those principles were mighty , and must 1 prevaiL Though there wers difficulties in the -way , there were none that might not be overcome 'With pru-I dence and determination ; and men who understood those principles would be able to carry them out . Mr . Collins addressed the meeting for some time logger , and then sat down amidst great and reiterated cheering . Tho Chairman prop osed the next toast , " Fear ^ us O'Connor , and the speedy liberation of all Chartists . ' The toast was drunk with three times three , the company all standing , and the band playing the air of "Rory O'More . "
Mr . Littler , of Salford , came forward to respond to the toast . He said Feargus O'Connor was one of the greatest patriots the vrorld ever saw ; and he had been presented to this country b y one of the greatest traitors to his own countrv that ever existed—he meant Daniel O'Connell , —( cheers , )—a man who fattened upon the spoils of his betrayed and misled countrymen . The people of England had received Feargus O'Connor with open arms ; for advocating their claims he had been thrown into a dungeon ; and be felt certain that when he came ont of hi 3 dungeon he would come ont as the gold seven
times purified , and that he would be the same Feargus O'Connor still , —( loud , cheers , )—and that he would never cease agitating till the principles he had bo ably advocated had become the law of the land . Though Feargus O'Connor was as the caged lion , he was not asleep—he was still studying their interests , though he had been snatched from them . He ( Mr . Littler ) had lately communicated with him ; and he could assure them he stack more firmly th&n ever to Ma motto , " Universal Suffrage , and no surrender ! " and he trusted that henceforward it would also be adopted as the motto of them all . — ( Cheers . )
The Chairman then said that , in connection with the previous toast , he had to propose " Arthur O'Connor , the exile of Erin . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Deegan would respond to it . The toast wag drunk with great enthusiasm , and the band played * The Exile of Erin . " Ml . Deegan , in responding to it , said he was glad it -was now twelve o ' clock , as it would save him the trouble of making a speech . He did not know why he was called upon to respond to this toast , unless , indeed , it was because he was an Irishman . ( Lang . wr . ) He felt himself incompetent to do justice to this toast . He thought that every one , English , Irish , or Scotch , must deserve the thanks of all the . Reformers in the country , who abandoned
rank , forti-me , and connections , rather than be the tool of a eo wnpfc Administration . He thought the conduct of i . Vrthur O'Connor ought to endear him to erery man w . ^ lo had the cause ofliberty at heart , for he had sacrin \^ ed a peerage and ^ 20 , 060 a-ye » r , rather than ma _\ e a sacrifice of his conscience . He should not make a long speech , but he trusted that what they had he * rd that night would awake them up . They had Aeard it often said , that all the working men wankvi was a fair day ' s wages for a fair day ' s work ; bu' % he thought they ougit to get all they earned , and i ^ e would not give a bunch of radishes for any reforiti which would not give something like what was represented on that canvass . [ Here Mr . Deegan poinw » d to a representation of a social Community , which Adorns the hall . } He
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m ant he would not value any reform which did not give them a comfortable home . ( Cheers . ) Let them not Bpend their time in denouncing ^ hig or Tory ; , but endeavour to convince every person opposed to them that the happinees and prosperity of the whole country depended upon an equitable distribution of wealth . The working classes must be determined to enjoy all the wealth they themaelves produced , or otherwise they would always be in a state of strife and dissatisfaction . He thanked them for the manner in wbioh they had drank the health of Arthur O'Connor ; and , although it might never reach him , yet it might be a souroe of saiinaction to his friends in prison , that the labouring class and the people of Manchester had done themselves the honour of drinking the health of a man who had
shown magnanimity and disinterestedness in the cause of an oppressed people . ( Loud cheering . ) The Chairman said the next toast on the list was , " The Northern Star , and the whole Radical PreaB . " Drank with three times three . Air— " Marseilles Hymn . " Mr . Abel Hetwood said there was only one addition he should like to make to the toast he had the honour to respond to , and that was , the Northern Star , and its worthy editor , the Rev . W . Hill . ( Loud Cheers . ) The name of the proprietor of the Star was entirely beyond it with respect to anything which might be said in reference to the merits of the Star itself ; font still it would be impossible to descant on its merits without giving an equal tribute of praise to the individual who first established it .
( Cheers . ) To the men of Lancashire and Yorkshire who assisted the proprietor in establishing the Star , the people of the United Kingdom were also largely indebted . The noble and dauntless proprietor of the Star was the first to agitate the kingdom for the establishment of the Charter—the result of this was the establishment of the Star , and the establishing of the Star was the groundwork upon which the M'Doualls . and Lovetts . and Collins were established . Would to God they had a Northern Star in every town throughout the kingdom ! Would to God that every town could write upon the pillars of their churches , "A Northern Star to be obtained here . " The very existence of such papers would be a guarantee that the Charter would be obtained . Only three weeks since he saw the lion in his den—( enthusiastic cheering)—bearded by the vile Wbiglings who misgoverned them—he saw the noble
and fearless lion crushing the contemptible—what should he call them ? —the contemptible beetles . Laughter . ) The spirit of the man was not crushed —( loud cheers)—he was as firmly as ever attached to his principles—as determined as ever to carry the Charter . But should the tyrants keep him where he was—should they send him to his grave —the people of this country would not let the Star die—it would still shine . ( Loud cheering . ) To those other papers which advocated the people's rights they also- owed their thanks ; and to the editor of the Northern Liberator especially their cordial thanks were due . To the Statesman also the peoplo of this country were a little indebted , and to other papers published in various parts of the country their mite of praise would be freely given ; but to the Star , which alone was the people ' s paper , they would freely give their tribute of heait felt admiration . ( Cheers . )
The Chairman then gave tho last toast on tho list— " The ladies . " Drunk with all the honours , tho baud plaving " Tho bonny breast-knots . " Mr . Whkeler responded to tho toast in a humourus speeGh , which excited much laughter and applause . It was now half-past twelve , and the chairman and the distinguished guett 3 having quitted the Hall , the company broke up . Tims concluded the reception of M'Douall aud Collins by the men of Manchester : and whether we
consider the great interest excited among tho people ; or the intense feeling displayed towards those liberated patriots ; or the harmony and cordiality subsktins among the Chartists on tho occasion , it must be allowed on all hands that a more important and heart-cheering demonstration never tOOK place in Manchester , distinguished , as it has always been , for ita attachment to the political rights and privileges of the working classes . A new era iu Chartism may be confidently dated from these most gratifying proceedings , which reflect honour on all connected with them .
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saw that the Reform Bill was a trick—a gull on the workin » men . The people expected benefits from that Bill ; and what had it done for them ! They were promised protection as a class ; and it gave them the accursed Bastile Act . When he saw this he could not refrain from coming forward ; and he who sat quietly under such a system was less than » man . But the Reform Bill promised further pro * teetion , and that was given in the shape of the binebottle force . ( Laughter . ) The Whigs promised the people plenty of food , and instead of that they put bludgeons into the handB of the police to knock them down . The Whigs had sent that blue-bottle force into Scotland ; and , as ke was a man , he would arouse the feelings of his countrymen on the subject :
and he had already had some correspondence with them on the subject , and he had written that the blue bonnets should take care of the blue-bottles . ( Laughter . ) The Whigs had also promised a reduction of taxation . They had now had peace ever since he was born ; and yet taxation was inoreasedjand when this was the case , he was not surprised to hear that the Whigs were going to war with the Chinese , because they would not be compelled to eat opium—because they would hot suffer themselves to bo poisoned ; but he trusted the public feelings would be aroused ; and that public opinion would not suffer them to go t 6 war for such an unholy cause . When he saw all these things , when he considered all these injuries inflicted on the nation , he
thought it his duty to come forward and resist their tyrants and oppressors ; and because he did so , the Whigs arrested , tried , and imprisoned him . But did they think that would hinder him from coming again to the charge ! He had told his judges that the very moment he was released from prison , that moment he would begin agitating again ; and he had begun agitating at the very gates of his prison ; and although the magistrates had prevented his holding a meeting , they had done more good to the cause than if they had allowed him to proceed . He had shown them their creatures could not be depended on . He had ears in the magistrates' room , and ears at the police-office , and they did nothing with respect to him that he was not acquainted with beforehand . And now that he had fulfilled the
promises he made to the judges on his trial , he would also fulfil the promise whioh he made to the grand jury , when they viBited him in prison . They expressed their surprise that he should adopt " such principles , and hinted that his services would be much more acceptable on the Tory side . But he then told them that he should st ill stick to the rights of labour , and that , as he was young in years , he would yet live to see the might of the working men raised throughout the country , and the whole rotten system crushed to atoms . ( Great cheering . ) He intended , by advocating the Charter , to teach the Whiga that their dungeons could not break the spirit of men determined to be free . A more cursed set of robbers never governed a nation ;
they were , as he had often said , " a base , bloody , and brutal" pet . He had never advised the working men to adopt any plan in whioh he was not prepared to lead . He had never said , " Go on , and I ' ll follow ; " but always , " Come on , and I'll lead ! " He should , therefore , go on as well as he could ; but they were aware that the cunning Whigs had bound him down a little . His tongue yet went very fast , but it was not quite so loose as formerly , for the Whiga had managed to fasten it a little " , as well as to manacle his hands . But he should go on iu hi 3 own way ; and tho moment he could do it effectively , he would inflict a wound on their oppressors , from which they would not easily recover . ( Cheers . ) He would not commit himself by saying what h would do . It would be better to carry his purpose
into execution before he began to threaten at all . Tho best hunter was ho who was bost acquainted with the wiles of tho i ' ox ; and ho would overcome their Btealthiness yet . Ho had only one object in view—the Charter , the securing tho rights of labour ; and if they oncasaw him forsake tho cause , to turn either to tho right or tho left , then let them lose all confidence in him . He should join neither the Whigs nor the middle classes in their agitations . If they wished the Corn Laws removed , let them removo them themselves . The people wanted nothing to do with the foreign policy question about the Russians ; and even if they did invade the soil , as it was said they would , the tyranny of the Russians would be moie acceptable to tho working men than the tyranny of the Whigs . They didn't care who came—( cheers)—and if their brother
Americana came they would put their hands in their pockets , or else hold it out to them in friendship . They would welcome any invader , of any kind , rather than any longer submit to their tyrannical oppressors . They didn't want any longer to be bothered with Lord Palmerston , or constitutional John , or plain Jack , » r that old woman , Lord Melbourne , who had been lately creating a set of pewter knights , on the occasion of the Queen ' s escape from the traitorous pot-boy . Mr . Potter , of Manchester , had been made a knigkt ; and he certainly thought ho was a proper pe * son to became a potboy knight They were now to have pewter knights , nnd , no doubt , they had already had tinsel ones long enough . He should now address a few words to the middle classes . They imagined that they
possessed their political rights—that they nominated Members to sit in tho House of Commons ; but they were grossly mistaken . He would ask them , did they not now seek a repeal of the Corn Laws ? Thoy would reply that they did . Well , then , why did not the present House of Commons , if it represented them , do their bidding and repeal those laws ? But it was quite evident , as they could not get them repealed , that the Rbform Bill had given them no real power . It was quite clear they had no nwjority in that House , otherwise the Corn Laws would be abolished ; ana it was , in fact , filled with Whigs and Tories who were scrambling for power , like two men climbing a Maypole . First one was at the top , then the other got the advantage ; while John Bull stood by gaping aA the
fun ; and , very likely , got his pocket picked , or his head broki-n , or both . The House cf Commons was originally intended to represent the people—the commons of the nation ; and to meet for the promotion of tho interesta of the whole people . Did it do so ? No ! Even the middle classes , as bad been seen , possessed no real power there j and if they did anything at all , it was merely laying additional taxation upon t ' ue people ; passing the Bludgeon Bill , the Bastile Bill , and all the other odious measures which had drawn down upon them the execration of tho country . Only let them send some of these aristocrats to the bastile to live , and if they were there fed on skilly iustuad of turtle soup , they would grumble as well as others . The middle class had no more power in that House than the
working men ; and ho was heartily glad of it . They thought tlieyiiacl merely cheated tho people ; but they bad done themselves at the same time ( Cheers . 1 TUe landed proprietors , and not the middle class , had the majority in that House ; and ho was particularly desirous of impressing this on the mind of tliat clans , because they were in the habit of imagining that if they agitated for the Charter , they should be giving up to the working classes a power which they now possessed themselves ; but when they once perceived they had in reality no power at all , then they would commence agitating on their own account . When the Charter was obtained , the iirst step of the working men should be to get such laws passed as would better their condition ; it was but a door-way through which the people must pass to
secure their own happiness , and the benefits of just and good Government The prospect lay before thorn , and they must endeavour to obtain it ; and , when they had gained political power , they must make it the basis of their social improvement . If the working classes could . obtain better wages under a more just system of legislation , it would be all tho better for the middle classes ; this was 03 clear to him as that two and two made four . But the middle classes seemed to think differently ; though , if they locked back to the time the working class were best paid , they would soon discover that was the very time they were doing best themselves . When . the remuneration of labour was high , and there was a greater demand for it in the market , then there was peace and security among
the shopkeepers ; affluence on the part of the merchants and manufacturers ; and the well-being of the population , the result of well-paid labour , formed the corner-stone of the throne itself . ( Cheers . ) When he returned from Scotland , whither he was going , he would deliver a lecture in that town , and enter more fully into the question j and in the meantime he should go forward , and pursue the attainment of the Charter with a step that never tired , and a heart that knew no fear . ( Cheers . ) He had never known fear yet ; and all he desired from them was their respect and confidence . He had done his duty hitherto ; and he would still continue to do it . If there had been union among them , he should never have been arrested—( hear , hear , hear )—and neither Feargus rOConnor
nor John Frost would have been touched—for the Government would not have dared to lay a finger on them . A great sea of agitation has flowed through the nation ; but their various associations had not been bound together by any real union , and in the moment of danger the people found there was no true principle of union , and the retiring sea left their leaders stranded on the shore , and showing , by their position , how high the waters 6 f agitation had risen , and to what a low point they had ebbed . The tide of popular opinion was , however , rising again ; and he trusted that It would never again subside till the ark of the Charter should ride peaceably on its tosora ; and the people should be in possession of all the benefits that Charter would give . ( Cheers . ) He trusted he should yet live to see the Charter the law of the land ; and all those who had suffered in the cause assembled together , with John Front
at their head . ( Loud cheers . ) They must have John Frost back— ( hear , hear )—at every meeting he mast be named / and his widow and orphans ( for such they must be considered ) must never b « forgotten . Yes , the wife and children of their banfched friends must be considered , politically and socially , as widows and orphans . John Frost was a good manand they would be guilty of inflicting greater wrongs on him than those he had endured from his oppressors and theirs , if they forgot his beloved wife and sorrowing family . He would keep the name of Frost before the meetings of the people throughout the country ; ^ v , * . when the cbu ^ r **» proclaimed , he would be enabled to set his foot In a free country and be once more placed on the bench as a jusfc magistrate and a respected man . ( Cheers . ) Dr . M'PouaU thensjladed to the causes of 1 h 9 Fwrdi revolution , and contended
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that similar causes were at present at wok in this countr y , and would produce similar effects , uriess concessions of their just demands were speedilji mMe to the people . It weuld t » better , he contended , that they should give the Charter at once ; and argaed that the Chartists , u in the case of the Sybil's boots , would at eacb succeeding time advance in their demands . The present corrupt Government could ndt much longer stand against the united energies of tie people of England ; if the working men would oriy show their determination , » the Government wouH quail . Rather than forsake the principles of the Clutter , he would welcome Chester Castle once again ; at he desired was their confidence and respect ; and armed with them he should neither fear the Whigs , row bend beneath the oppression of any tyrant over hii fellowman . ( The worthy Doctor sat down amUst loud cheering . )
Mr . Collins then came forward , on the call of the Chairman , and was received with the same tokens of approval as Dr . M'Douall . He thanked them for the hearty manner in which they had received a sentiment congratulating him on his release from his tyrannical oppressors . As the committee had arranged that he should again address them that evening , be should confine himself at present to some circumstances connected with his incarceration . He said he had all his life been » working man . He had commenced working at eight years of age , aud had worked ever sinee for himself and family . It was not the necessities of himself or his family which had led him to take part in the agitation ; but it was the fact that his neighbours wanted the necessaries of life , which had caused him
to do so . He had known several persons at Birmingham who had been hurried to the grave by distress and starvation , and had attended inquests where the parties had met their deaths from the same cause . ( Shame , shame . ) It was impossible that he could quietly stand by and witness such results of class legislation unmoved , and therefore he was led to come out as an agitator , andasslstin calling the attention of the men of Birmingham to these circumstances , being sure they would do something for their alleviation . He also discovered that while the people of this country pos « essed every natural facility for the production of wealth , they were many of them , throughout the country , destitute of the merest necessaries of life : and it was then that he was induced to raise Up his voice against the
continuation of this state of things . And what was the consequence of this determination on his part ? Why , that those who fattened upon the toll of the ^ people were very angry ; and when the men of Birmingham assembled together in a peaceful manner to obtain redress , how were they answered ? Why , by an attack from rifle brigades and bludgeon-men ; and he , rather than that such an indignity should be perpetrated on the rights of the working class , had braved , the horrors of a gaol ; and , rather than that the same tyranny should be again practised , he was once more ready to risk the infliction of the same punishment ( Loud cheering . ) And how did the tyrants attempt , when they got him in their power , to silence him ? By the most rigid treatment ,
such as felons alone receive , and such as felons . themselves most certainly ought not to receive . ( Shame , shame !) He was only allowed to see his wife once in three months , and that only in the presence of the turnkeys ; and when , at length , he did see her , and asked her for a pocket handkerchief , she was not allowed to give him one she had with her , lest it should contain something which might give him some censolation in his dungeon . ?( Shame !) But if they had intended to break his spirit by such contemptible treatment , they had now an opportunity of discovering their mistake . ( Laughter . ) He now again repeated , that the outrage they committed on the men of Birmingham , was a bloody , brutal , and unconstitutional act ; it would ever remain a blot on the escutcheon of
its instigators ; and no silence should be kept regarding it , so long os he had the power to wag his tongue . ( Loud cheering . ) They flattered themselves , when they had thrown a few peoplo into prison , that they had put down Chartism ; but they had no doubt found out by this time that it required something more than Whig proclamations , and rifle brigades , and bludgeon-men , to effect this object . It wanted the removal < t the evils of the country . Their oppressors would never be able to put down the principles of truth and justice , and make the people of England contented with slavery . ( Loud cheers . ) He had felt much pleased that day , on entering the town , when he noticed the animated expression of the women's countenances , and heard their ardent aspirations for his own
happiness and welfare , expressed in language that could not by possibility be misunderstood . -One woman exclaimed , "Thank God , you are here , " and another , " Thank God , you have escaped the power of the tyrants ; " and when he reflected on the indignities those tyrants had heaped upon him , and thought of tho sufferings of his wife and children , he thanked God too . ( Cheers and laughter . ) But did they suppose that those sufferings would cause him to cease from the advocacy of their rignta ? No ! it would attach him more and more to these glorious principles for which he had already suffered , and for which ho should be contented to suffer again . " Woe unto me ( said Paul ) if I preach not the Gospel » " and he ( Mr . Collins ) would say , —
" Woe unto me if I exert not myself to remove the evils under which the labouring classes groan !" ( Cheers ) Mr . Collins then alluded to a recent occurrence , where a father had murdered his children rather than witness the dreadful sufferings inflicted on them through want . Sentence of death had been passed upon him by the judge , and he ( Mr . Collins ) expressed his regret that not one word of indignation escaped his lordship ' s lips against the guilt of those individuals who robbed the working man of the fruits of his industry , and thus drove him to the committal of crime . He then alluded to the circumstance , that some persons found fault with them for making politicians
of the females . He certainly thought the domestic hearth was the proper sphere of a woman 1 but ba . l government , when it deprived her children Of bread , made it her imperative duty to join her husband , father , or brother , in agitation for their common rights . Mr . Collins concluded by stating that he had now detailed the causes which had led him to take a part in public life ; and r . s the same causes produced the same effects , ho should continue to advocate the rights of the people , so long as the causes which deprived them of those Tights continued to exist . He then again thanked them for the honour they had done him by their enthusiastic reception , and sat down amidst great applause .
The Chairman then said the next toast was "The People ' s Charter , and may it soon become the" law " of the land . " Mr . Collins then again rose ! and in an able and luminous speech examined all the great points of the Charter , and triumphantly showed their practicability andjuBtice , and most ably refuted the assertions which are generally brought forward against it in the place of arguments . At its conclusion he was loudly cheered . The Chairman announced that th 9 next sentiment on the list was—" Frost , Williams , and Jones ; and may they soon be restored to the bosoms of their disconsolate families . "
Mr . Deeoan , of Staleybridge , responded to the toast ; and in the course of his address severely lashed Dr . Molesworth , the vicar of Rochdaie , who Ires rendered himself highly obnoxious by the part he has acted in the Church-rate struggle , laely going on in that town . The Chairman then proposed the following sentiment : — " Feargus O'Connor , James Bronterre O'Brien , Richardson , Vincent , Benbow , and all other incarcerated Chartists ; and may their imprisonment be the means of arousing all the latent energies of the people / , and concentrating their demands for a full measure of justice for the wea \ tu-producing population of this country . " Mr . Clayton , of Hudderafield , responded to this sentiment , which was very warmly received . Mr . Collins then rose , and in a pleasing address , proposed the last sentiment of the evening the ladies . It was received with every mark of enthusiasm .
The meeting then broke up , giving three cheers for the Charter , three for Frost , Williams , and Jones , three for the Chairman , three groans for Dr . Molesworth , and three cheers for M'Douall and Gollins . ¦
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Leeds Corn Market , Tuesday , Aug . 18 . —The arrivals of Wheat to this day ' s market is smaller than last week . Oats larger . —The weather was ratber showry up to late on Sunday evening , and there has been a great deal of rain up to early this morning , since very fine , which has caused the Millers to purchase very sparingly , and very little alteration can be noted in good qualities of Wheat , scarcely any demand for the inferior .. —Oats , Shelling , and Beans much the same aa last week * THE AVERAGE PRICES FOR THE WEEK
ENDING August 18 th , 1840 . ' Wheat . Barley . Oats . Rye . Beam . Petu . Qxs . Qra . Qrs . Qrs . % tb . Qrs . ¦ 4796 . . 0 1276 35 308 130 £ B . d . £ B . d . fs . d . £ . B / d . £ s . d . is . d . 2 3 0 | - — 1 13 2 2 6 l | 2 7 7 | 2 2 OJ Leeds Markets . —On Saturday , there was * again a steady market at the Cloth Kills ; on Tuesday , scarcely so much was done . Business in the warehouses is generally better , and though there is not so jnuch doing by far as there ought to be , still things are better than they were . The price of tallow Si
Leeds is 5 a . per imperial stone ; Rape OiL £ 38 to £ 32 per toa ; Soap , London , mottled , 37 s . per cwt . ; pale yellow , 54 a . per cwt . Skiwon Cattle Mabket , Adoubt 17 th . —We ^ 7 « y lw « e supply of all kinds of fat Cattle , and although the attendance of bnyers was numerou 8 , iet the market was heavy , and prices were i ^ MS ' * ° ? £ ? W . per stone . Mutton and Lamb 6 d . to 7 d . per lb . Howde » Gobh Makkit , Augcbt 15 th . —There was a moderate suppl y of Grain at the following prices :-Wheat 78 . ; Oats 25 b . Beans 44 a . 6 d . per quarter . ¦
Dabukgtow Cowi Maeket , Acg . 17 .-At our market oa Monday last we had a good supply of Wto » t t prfeeavaryuigfiNHa 13 ? . to 18 f . 6 d . per bolL
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Hdddebotield Cloth Market , Aug . 18 . —Ot » - markettoiday ; has been in 4 < uU ' ^ laagttid state * all the animation which was experienced from » brink market or two haa quite subsided and again become the theme of despafer . Nothing scarcely was doing in any kind of goods , some few were sold at ruinous prices , and very few orders were obtained . The Wool market remains maeh ihe same , nothing ' being sold but for immediate use ; prices much the
same . • ¦¦ - . . . ; ¦ . . - '¦ -: ¦• - ¦" . . * v ¦¦ State op Trade . —The apprehenaiona for the f » t « of the harvest , excited by the extremely unfavourable weather that has prevailed during the last few days , and probably also the unsettled appearance of foreign affairs , have checked that tendency to improvement which was manifested last week ; and the demand yesterday , both for goods and yarn , though moderate and steady , was on a smaller scale than on the preceding Tuesday . There is no decline in ' pricea j indeed , some descriptions of printing cloth , which are comparatively scarce , have been held forlrather higher rates . —Manchester Guardian of Wednesday . r
Malton Corn Market , August 15 th . —There was only a small show of samples of all kinds of Grain offering at our Corn market this day . and but little business was In consequence transacted . Wheat , of inferior descriptions , was of difficult sale , and the small business which was transacted even in superior sorts , was at a redaction from the rates of last week . Oats were $ A . to Id . per stone lower . Wheat , red , from 52 s . to 72 s . per quarter of 40 stone ; ditto , white , from 68 a . to 78 s . per quarter of 40 stone ; Barley , from 32 s . to 36 s . per quarter of 32 stone ; Oats , from 13 * d . to Hid . per Btone .
Manchester Corn Market , August 15 . —The trade during the week has been of a very languid character , and notwithstanding the rainy and unsettled appearance of the weather , as also limited stocks of prime fresh English Flour , few transactions have occurred , owing to a want of confidence in prioes . The duty on Wheat has declined 33 per quarter , and it is probable that at the next return a further reduction to 6 s 8 d per quarter , and on Flour to 4 s Oid per barrel may be declared . At oar market this morning , the inquiry for Wheat was very limited , and prices may be noted nominally as on tbis day se ' nnight . For choice qualities of English Flour there was a retail demand at a decline of Is per sack , and barrels were freely offered at Is below , the previous rates , but no extent of business was effected . In the value of Oats or Oatmeal no alteration occurred , and , with a dull sale , other articles are without variation . '
. Hull Corn Market , August 18 . —The weather since this day week has been showery ; last ni ght there was a Very heavy wind- accompanied with much rain , and remarkably cold for the season . ; it still has a very unsettled appearance , which not only checks harvest proceedings , but prevents the crop 3 from progressing to maturity , and but little wheat will be fitfor cutting before next Week . The holders of Wheat were firm and demanded an advance , but the demand was limited , and only in partial instances a rise took place . Beans and , Oats are fully as dear . In all other articles the prices are unaltered .
Newcastle Corn Market , Aug . 15 . —There was only a moderate supply of Farmers' Wheat at our market this morning , but the arrivals coastwise continue pretty liberal . The weather having been Hue up to yesterday , the trade ruled dull during the week ; and inferior descriptions of Wheat might have beeu bought at rather lower prices , whilst for really Sue simples the holders would not submit to any reduction . At this morning ' s market , the weather having become more unsettled , the best fresu-thraatied samples met a ready sale at last Saturday ' s prices , but the business transacted in . other sorts was still upoi ^ a very limite d scale ; the Millers coufining their pimshases to their immediate wauts . Iu Rye , _ Ptjas , and Barley , also very little doin g . Oats arc in good request at last week ' s prices .
Liverpool Cattle Market , August 17 . —Thfr supply of Beasts at market to-day has been much , about the same as that of last week . The number of Sheep and Lamb 3 has beeu considerably smaller , and much the same with regard to quality . There was a fall attendance of buyers and dealers , and good stotk in tolfrably fair demand at rather an advance from last week , more especially on that of Sheep , and holders of stock were standing out for 6 M . per pound for Beef , but the average price would bo 6 | d ., second ditto 6 d ., ordinary 5 d . Good wether Mutton sold readily at 7 d ., second ditto 6 W .,. ordinary and Ewe 3 6 "d ., and Lambs from 6 d . to lihd . per lb . sinking the offal . Notwithstanding the heavy sales that have been effected , from the very unfavourable state of the weather , there has been some stock of all descriptions left unsold at the close . Number of Cattle at market : —Beasts 1161 , Sheep and Laaiba 9 > 8 o .
Liverpool Corn Market , Monday , Aug . 17 . — With the exception of Wheat , some cargoes of which have arrived coastwise , the week ' s imports of free Grain , &c . are light ; those from abroad are liberal , and include upwards 9200 barrels of Flour from Canada . Duties have been paid on 447 quarter of Oats , and 1-294 quarters of Peas . The changes iu the rates of import are 3 s . per quarter less on Wheat , and Is . per quarter less on Bean 3 , —the latter more at tho minimum poms—Is . per quarter . Though attended wiih showers the weather up to the close of the last week was tolerably fiue , and a moderate
business only could be reported in free Wheat at the prices of Tuesday last , but , with a view towards a low duty , several cargoes in bond had found buyers at the range of our last quotations : a few parcels of Flour under lock had also changed bands . Iu free Flour the sales were to a tolerably fair amount at a little less money . Since last night we have had almost incessant rain , with strong winds , and holders of both Wheat and Flour—in bond and free —are demanding enhanced prices . Oats and Oatmeal have still met little inquiry ; both , however , are held more firmly . Our quotations for Barley , Beans and Peas , remain unaltered .
London Suithfield Market , Monday , Aug . 17 . —Our market this morning exhibited a considerably increased number of beasts from most quarters , the general quality of which was inferior . Owing to the numerous attendance of buyers the demand * for the priaaest Soots , Dovona , and runt 3 , was animated , at fully previous rates , but in other kinds exceedingly little was passing , Although there was a fair average supply of sheep the mutton trade was steady and the be 3 t old Downs readily produced S 3 . per Bib . Lamba were in moderate supply , and sluggish inquiry , at iate rates . Prime small calvers were speedily cleared off , while the inferior kinds of veal , as also pork , commanded little attention .
London Wool Market , Monday , August 17 th . —The demand for all descriptions of British Wool still continues in a very depressed state , and the prices have experienced a further depression of fully Id . per lb . ; still , however , the accounts from the manufacturing districts are somewhat more favourable . The value of Foreign Wools still coiitmues to decline ; indeed , since the conculsion of the last public sales scarcely a single transaction worthy of notice has taken place ; but it is to be desired that a reaction will speedily take place . The exports of the raw : material have been extensive during the past week .
London Corn Exchange , Monday , Aug . 15 .-1 he quantity of Wheat on sale this morning was limited from Essex , Kent , and Suffolk , with little ot other articles from these counties , and only a trifling fresh supply of English , Irish , and Scotch Oats . The imports of Foreign Wheat and Oats have been to a fair extent Bince this day se ' nnigbi . The weather changed to rain last Tuesday morninft and haa been showery every day since-until this morning , when a heavy rain set in early with * gale of wind from the south , which continued for many hours , and appears onH abated at intervals . Owing to the unfavourable change in the weather , short supply of Wheat , and more buyers at market ; there was a brisk trade at an advance of 2 s . to 3 s . per qr .
on alUamples of English , but particularly lor neW » most of the show being composed of this descriptioBi the quality of which proving generally excellent , and such as was- secured before the wet set in . Bonded Wheat also met a good demand , at an improvement of 2 s . to 3 s . per qr . ¦ Flour commanded last week ' 3 prices with a fair sale . Grinding . Barley met a free sale at rather more money . ^ Malt was wiitont alteration in value . New ? ea 3 were full 23 . per qr . cheaper . Beans were quite aa dear , and in ffir request . There was a good demand for Oats , as well in as out of bond , and this article must be quoted Is . per qr . higher ; a few samples of new from Essex
appeared this morning of very fine quality , and one lot of Poland *( brought readily 36 s . per qr . j Fjne Sootoh and Irish commanded also high prices , being scarce and wanted . Linseed oh the spot was a limited supply , for Odessa to arrive up to 56 s per qX must be qu » ted . The price offered and reftasea ; Kapeaeed was full us dear , but the pale mosty confined to the Beedsmen , the price being too him for the ernshew . A few parcels of new white tm brown mustard seed were on sale and prime quality and held at high prices . > Tares were more p lentiful * and lower in consequence . New rye was vdT scarce , and much inquired for , '
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U'UOMNQR , Esq ., of H * mnu » amith . CouBW Middlesex , by JOSHUA HOBSON , at hto E *» t ' in « Office * , Nos . 19 and 19 , Market-street , Brlf i gate ; and Published by the ¦ aldJO 3 HUAHo * w 6 ^ i ( for the said Feargus O'Conmor , ) at hilPP" ? ling-house , No , 5 , Ma * rfceM » et . Briggstoi- Internal Communication existing between the •» No . Si Market-street , and the » ald No * . 1 * 99 $ 13 , Market-street , Briggate , Onu cpMflifcti ^ E JjJ whole of the said Printing and PubUahb * OS * / ouePwmisai . ' . ' . ' . . - ¦ ' . ' * ¦ v / * : ? . . rtV All Conummkatioas mnit be addapad , ( Port-p » W ** J . Hobson , Northern Star Office , Lead * ¦ T ( Saturday , AmwLM , 18 * 0 * v "
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M'DOUALL AND COLLINS AT ROCHDALE . In consequence of an invitation transmitted to him while in prison . Doctor M'Douall accepted an invitation to dine with tho men of Rochdale , on Tuesday , the 17 th instant . They subsequently invited John Collins to meet him on the occasion ; and also determined on forming a procession to escort him into the town . Accordingly a * , one o ' clock the people assembled in the front of the u Hark up to Glory 1 " with banners , &c , and , preceded by the Radical Band , aud two marshals on horseback , went in procession to meet the distinguished visitors . The procession passed through Cheetham-street , and down Yorkshire-street , to the Railway , where Messrs . li'Douall and Collins got into an open
carnage , and proceeded , amidst the cheers of the assembled thousands , down Drake-street , and by Wardleworth-brow , to Mr . Holt ' s , at th « top of Bla ^ k-water , where the liberated patriots briefly addressed tho multitude . They then proceeded to the Assembly Room to dinner , where an . excellent dinner had been provide d for between two aud three hundred individuals , by Mr . Holt , the host of the ' Hark up to Glory . " When dinner waa over the company adjourned without any speeches being made , it being merely announced that the toasts and sentiments , which were usual on such occasions , would be reserved for the evening , when a meeting would be held in the body of the Theatre , which waa capable of holding a much greater number than tho Assembly Room .
By s : s o ' clock in the evening the Theatre was crammed to suffocation , the boxes being almost entirely occupied b well-dressed females , who appeared to take a lively interest in the proceedings . The Radical band , which is highly effective , dressed in their handsome uniform , occupied the orchestra , and played several popular airs both before the proceedings commenced and between tho speeches . Shortly after eix Dr . M'Duuall and Mr . Collins , accompanied by Mr . James Taylor . Mr . Deegan , ot Stalybridge , and a numerous band of patriots , entered tee Theatre , and were received with aloud and hearty welcome . Mr . Taylor was unanimously called to the chair .
The Chairman said that , on being called to the chair , it would be his duty to place before them a list of sentiment . - * , to which various gentleman would respond . The first sentiment was " The people : the full measure of their rights , and no less . " In days of yore , when the Whigs met together , they were in the habit of giving—" The people , the only source of legitimate power . " But their practices and principles had lately been shown to be at variance . The reformed House of Commons had not been found to better the condition of the working class , and all the benefits which the Reform Bill had conferred , if it had conferred any , had fallen upon the other classes . What was the House of Commons for but to represent the people ? ( A voice— " Tho working
people . ) Why , they were the people : the others were the gentlemen . And , as the nigger once Baid to his master— " Massa , you very strange peoplo . The donkey work ; the horse work ; the ox work ; all work but little piggy . Piggy be the only gentleman . ( Laughter . ) The working olassos were the people ; the others were the only gentlemen . Tho Lnairmao then went on to show , that as labour was the source of all wealth , the working classes , of all others , had a right to tke franchise ; and contended that that right ought to be insisted on by them till it was obtained . He concluded by giving the sentiment— " The People , tho full measure of their rights , and no less , " which was received with loud cheering .
The Chairman said the next sentiment was " The healths of the two distinguished patriots , P . M . AlDouall and John Collins , who have this day honoured us by their presence , and may their emancipation from the dungeons of tyranny be hailed as the dawn of brighter days by the friends of universal liberty . " Dr . M'DouaU would respond to the toast . Dr . M'Douall was very warmly received . He said he was proud of the opportunity of addressing tnem in that place . He was proud , of being once more at liberty to express his sentimentg to that class whose rights it was his greatest glory-to maintain , tie had early begun to study the affairs of the nation , and above all to inquire into the condition of the working class . The firBt . filing " he did was to look around himand Bee whether iurtice
, was done according to the constitution and the law . HiB attention was soon drawn to the hand-loom weavers , and he saw that by the introduction of machinery that noble race of men had been swept away , and that no provision for their support had been made by the law—and that they could not obtain that share m the products of the soil which they had a right to demand . They received no assistance whatever from the House of Commons—the so-called representatives of the people . That House allowed them to emigrate—to enter the army—and some of them actuallv poisoned themselves and children , that they might avoid begaing in that country where they had previously lived in comfort and resi >
ectaoimv . voname !) These men were driren into crime by the Jaws of the nation—by the barefaced robbery of the system under which they existed ; and upon their shoulders the guilt did not lie—it laid upon the shoulders of the government , and upon that class who lived on the fruits of their labour . When he looked , on the other hand , to the servants of the Aristocracy , did he not disoover pensions and sinecures given to a most worthless and most useless set of men 1 If such scenes as these could not strike a matfs reason as unjust , nothing could . He saw this in his own country first ; and when he afterwards found that the whole nation was labouring under the greatest evils , whioh were the result of misgovernment , then he prepared to come forward as an advocate of the nihtfl of labour . ( Cfaeentf He soon
Local Markets
LOCAL MARKETS
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Lbkds: — Printed For Tho Proprietor, Feabflbb
LBKDS : — Printed for tho Proprietor , FEABflBB
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 22, 1840, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/king-y1kbzq92ze2698/page/8/
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