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relied 4, THE NORTHERN STAR ^ BB ^jJ>J[8...
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SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. A Vessel Run Dows...
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- TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR, AND M'DOUALL.
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Dear Sir,—I was deputed by the Council a...
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THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 3845.
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MINISTERIAL CHANGES. The Times of Thursd...
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THE TRADES CONFERENCE. The Trades having...
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THE CRASH. From the moment that our repr...
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O'CONNELL AND THE POPE. Interested, as e...
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So iicatimmtijgQvmvQmnti
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Leach and M'Docam,, —Just as we were goi...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Relied 4, The Northern Star ^ Bb ^Jj>J[8...
4 , THE NORTHERN STAR ^ ^ jJ > J [ 84 j
Shipping Intelligence. A Vessel Run Dows...
SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE . A Vessel Run Dows . —Brutal Conduct . —We subjoin an account of the loss of a beautiful little clipper cutter , the Design , belonging to Whifstable , W . Camburn , master ; Messrs . Deane ^ Edwards , owners . The ratter Design was built by Mr . James Daniels , of Whitstable , and in respect to her sailing qualities , beauty , and strength , was the pride . tfthe port . This vessel was from Terceira with a cargo _ 01 fruit for London , and was proceeding up channel witn a fine breeze at south by east , when , arriving on Exmouth about one o ' clock on Friday morning , the lOthult ., ata distance of about 3 0 miles from the land , she was ranlnto with amosttremendous wash byalar"eI > arque , namemifaiown , runnmgdoTOchanvipI hofnre the wind , and immediately sunk . The
perishing crew , at the utmost strength of their voices , raised one general cry to the barque for assistance . The mate , throwing off his hoots and clothes , jumped into the sea , and swam away in hopes of being picked up by the barque , and fearing the vortex would carry him down . At the same moment the remainder of the crew , five in number , with the greatest perseverance and presence of mind , reached their boat , which was secured on the hatches , and with a very small pocketknife succeeded in cutting through the lashings just at the -very instant the vessel sunk from under their feet . The plugs being both out , two of the men thrust their thumbs into the plug-holes , and partly prevented the water from rushing in , while Ihe three other people were engaged extricating the boat from
the entanglement of the vessel ' s sails and rigging as she sunk to rise no more . This was a work of great difficulty , as the boat got between the shrouds and the . mast . The boat being clear , their attention 'was instantly directed to the drowning mate : they found him nearly exhausted , and struggling with the waves among a number of loose articles that floated from the wreck , and hastily nulling him into the boat , they immediately followed the destructive barque , rowing with two oars double-banked all the time , as from the first moment of the collision , halloing and calling vociferously for assistance ; but the ears of the merciless master and the crew , although long within
hail and sight , were alike deaf to the cries of distress . The miscreants shivered their sails for a few minutes , when , seeing the boat approach them , and detection certain , they in the most ruthless manner filled thensails and proceeded on their course , without lowering a boat or making the slightest effort to save the unhappy crew . The ill-fated crew rowed all the night as near as they could judge toward shore , with a sea running that frequently threatened to fill the boat , until nine a . m ., when they were picked up by the smack Britannia , of Weymouth , James Moore , master , by whom they were very kindly treated , and safely landed at Weymouth . —Kentish Gazette .
Fatal Shipwreck . —The American brig Gazelle , Captain Philbrook , from Bangor , United States , Bound to Port-au-Prince , was capsized in lat . 30 , long . 6 i , on the morning of December 12 , while lying-to in 3 gale of wind . She immediately filled with water , turnedbottomnp , Wt soon righted again , with tlie loss of three men . The decks were swept of everything moveable , and the hulwarks gone , Tlie vest of the crew stuck to the wreck , on which they remained twenty-four days , during which [ time their sufferings from the absence of water were intense . No less
than nine vessels passed them during this period , without affording the least relief . Two men were stationed on the rigging constantly making signals of distress . On thejllth day a piece of canvas was affixed to the mainmast , which was intended to serve as a bucket to catch what rain water might rundown the mast . The only provisions were a few beef bones and pork rinds . On the 6 th of the present month the American ship Tamerlane , Captain Theobald , from Savannah , bound to Liverpool , hove in sight , bore down , and took off the famished wretches , and brought them to this port- At the time ' of their rescue , almost every inch of clothing had disappeared from their backs—their frocks being the only covering . Their bodies resembled in colour and appearance
marble statues rather than those of living men . ^ Nothing , according to the statement ofthe survivors , could exceed the kindness of the good Captain Theobald . He caused their bodies to be rubbed with camphorated spirits ; he fed them sparingly at first , and only allowed 'them a pint of water daily until they began to improve under his hands , when he gave them a more generous diet . Our excellent townsman , Charles Ware , who has always a hand open as melting charity for merit , in whatever shape he finds it , has opened a subscription at his office , Waterloo-road , for the relief of" the unfortunate Captain Philbrook . The amount already exceeds £ 25 , and it promises to be more substantial . It ought to he so . —Liverpool Chronicle of Saturday ,
HURBICIKE rs THE MedMerraxeax . —The Journal des Bebats publishes the following extract from a letter dated Hyeres : — " A most violent hurricane burst over the harbour of Hyeres during the ni ght of the Mth inst . Of fifty ships anchored in the . port every one experienced serious injury . " The same journal states that the violent south winds which have prevailed for some time have caused considerable damage to the port of Toulon . The jetty at Castigneau has been thrown into the sea , its quays much injured , and a battery of four pieces of cannon entirely demolished . A letter dated Cette , 16 th ult .,
published in the Journal des Bebats . contains the following statement : — " About ten o ' clock this morning , the sun shining brightly , a terrific phenomenon made its appearance . A meteor having the appearance of aster , shining in the midst of the heavens and flying in the direction from north to west , described in its rapid course a segment of a luminous circle . Having reached the limit of the horizon the meteor terminated in the form of a pear , and then its brightness assumed an unearthly appearance . The base was fringed with small globes of a silvery white , and contrasted in a striking manner with the species of tube formed by the flaming train , which was ofthe brightest red . "
Storm at Liverpool . —Moxdat . —We were visited on Saturday night , and almost without intermission until an advanced hour yesterday morning , with a dreadful gale from the north-west , the violence of which , as it howled along , the streets , strongly reminded us of the memorable storm in January , 1839 . The damage in Liverpool has been , comparatively speaking , of trifling extent , the vessels in port having ridden out the gale gallantly . Several of those in the Prince ' s and George ' s docks have been chafed and otherwise slightly injured , but , with this exception , they have escaped without damage . In the town a small building , used as a blacksmith ' s shop , in Parliament-street , opposite St . Barnabas' Church , was
blown down , a large wooden paling , erected in the yard of the Sever Hospital , Mount-pleasant , was carried away , and sundry slates and chimney tops were conveyed to considerable distances by the impetuosity of the gale . But , if we have escaped so fortunately here , we fear that the accounts this week vnll convey melancholy intelligence of the loss of life and property in the Channel and along the coast . As yet we have only heard of the loss of one vessel , the Manchester , of London , Hall master , which sailed from Liverpool for Calcutta en Saturday last , with a general cargo , and went down on Holy-bank . The following letter on the subject was posted in the Underwriters ' -rooms
yesterday;—Sunday morning , half-past Ten . Sir , —About half-past eight a . m ., I observed a vessel coming on shore on West Hoyle . I immediately ordered Se life-boat out and to proceed to Old Hoyle . At this time a boat left the vessel and reached the Old Hoyle with all her crew , thirteen in number , and , with the exception of the lad and two others , all are coming round ; and every attention is paid to the above three , who , I have no doubt , in a few hours will be better . The vessel is the Manchester , of Loudon , Captain Hall , bound to Calcutta ; general cargo . She is oh the N . H . W . point of the bank , and is going last on her beam-ends . In haste , lam , sir , your most obedient servant , E . Shebwood .
From subsequent telegraphic communications , it appeared that . the barque capsized and disappeared at 9 a . m ., and that the whole of the crew were landed safely on East Hoyle by the Holylake life-boat . The Liverpool life-boat went out to render assistance , but by the time she had arrived the vessel had sunk , and the . crew were saved . The Manchester was a fine sew barque . Two other vessels sailed with the Manchester on Satmrday—the Lochinvar , forJtfew Orleans , and the Valparaiso , for Valparaiso . Both have since returned to LiverpooL Yesterday morning , some time aftcrshe was due , the Iron Duke steamer arrived from Dublin . She experienced a dreadful night , and during the height of the gale one of her paddles sustauied some injury , and one of the sailors on board
had his leg broken , ihe Maggie , of London , came up the Mersey last evening , with loss of her maintopmast and both her anchors and cables , and with some injury to her stern . On Saturday evening the Athlone steamer Bailed for Belfast , and had amongst her passengers the celebrated pianist , M . Thalberg , and the equall y , celebrated vocalists , Miss Birch , Miss Dolby , Mr . John Parry , and Mr . Calkin . Miss Birch ' s mother , and Mr . Calcott , the manager ofthe musical company , were also on board . ^ The party had performed at two grand concerts in Liverpool , the second of which came off on Saturday morning , and were proceeding to Belfast for the purpose of performing at a concert ofthe Philharmonic Society of that town to-night . About five o ' clock last evening the Athlone returned to Liverpool , and immediately after M . Thalbere and his friends drove to the
Adelpbi Hotel , where they described the sufferings they had undergone daring the night as being of the most painful nature .. It appears that they had succeeded m steaming in the teeth of the gale as far as the Isle of Man , but that they found it impossible to proceed further , and for four hours the captain considered the safetv of the vessel in imminent peril The party seemed to have given up all hopes of ever seeing land again , and expected every moment to go to the bottomv Their joy at reaching their comfortable quarters in the Adeiphi Hotel last night was unbounded . They congratulated each other on their trul y providential escape , and immediately despatched letters to their friends in London and on the continent , to acquaint them of their safety . They have , for the present , we understand , given up their intention of visiting Ireland .
Shipping Intelligence. A Vessel Run Dows...
Shipwreck . —The brig Robert Burns , of Liverpool , 296 tons register , from St . Petersburgh to Liverpool , with a cargo of deals , sailed from Rathmullan , in Loug h Swill y , at an early hour on Thursday morning last , in , as her crew supposed , a sea-worthy state . Shortly after sailing she encountered very strong gahs from the south-west ; and the ship labouring heavily , at two p . m ., every effort was made to reach Lochindall , the nearest port , in o / derto save their lives and the ship , but all the attempts of the crew proved fruitless , and at four o clock p . m . the vessel was struck with a tremendous sea , and immediately
went on her beam-ends , the captainat this time being washed , overboard . The crew lashed themselves to the main chains , and remained in this perilous condition on the wreck , nearly dead from cold and exhaustion , till they were picked , up by the crew of the Perseverance , of Dumfries , John M'Gee master and owner , when they were taken on board his vessel , and landed safely by him in this city yesterday . Great praise is due to Captain M'Gee for his exertions , at the risk of his own fife and that of his crew , in rescuing ten fellow-creatures from a watery grave . The crew of the Robert Burns have been saved , but the captain perished . —Berry Sentinel .
Doveh , Jan . 27 . —On Sunday we were visited by a very heavy sea , and strong wind from the north-west , amounting to a gale , which continued throughout the day . The passage to the Continent has not been stopped , but the vessels have been longer on their voyage . Her Majesty ' s packet the Dover , arrived from Calais , after a boisterous trip , in five hours ; and her Majesty ' s packet the Widgeon did not arrive till two o clock on Monday morning , having been twelve hours on her passage . Towards midnight , the time of high water , the tide increased wonderfully , so much so that the piers and quays were all inundated , and by the violence of the sea in the inner harbour , part of the new quay in the pent , which is entirely stone , was washed down , and the Lord Sidmouth , a
large vessel , was carried into the interior of the place , where the extensive improvements are going on for the enlargement of the harbour . There were about twenty-six feet water flowed , being eight feet more than the ordinary spring tides . It is about eight years since we had any thing like the present .- The Dover Telegraph office , and the houses in Snargatestreet , had several inches deep of water in them . A large brig , name unknown , passed this port in the afternoon , with loss of mainmast . The weather today ( Monday ) still continues stormy , accompanied by hail and snow . The City of London atrived from Boulogne this afternoon , bringing several passengers , in about three hours ; and , by information received on board , it is said that the weather in Boulogne was extremely boisterous .
Toclox , Jas . 22 . —The steam-frigate Oronoque , Captain Poudra , anchored in the roads this afternoon , from Algiers , which place she quitted on the 19 th , having on board a regiment ofthe line . On the 20 th , the wind blowing a hurricane , and the sea runninghigh , several ofthe soldiers sought refuge close ^ o the case of the paddle wheels . This being perceived by the captain , orders were given for all the passengers to retire from the deck ; unfortunately , before he could he obeyed , a wave struck the starboard side of the vessel and washed overboard four soldiers , who were returning to their homes , having served their time in Africa . At the moment ofthe accident the Oronoque was going ten knots an horn .
- To Feargus O'Connor, And M'Douall.
- TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR , AND M'DOUALL .
Dear Sir,—I Was Deputed By The Council A...
Dear Sir , —I was deputed by the Council at Carpenters Hall to see Dr . MTJouaU after his lecture on Monday night , to ascertain when he would be able to meet you . His answer to me was , that he did not know whaf he had to meet you about . I told him to meet the charges he had seen in your letter in the Star . He said , " I understand all about them ; I'll make Feargus prove that I am in the pay of the league , as he said I was . " I pressed him to say whether he intended to meet you ,
or not ; and his answer was , " I will send . the Council a letter in two or three days . " I then informed him that his expenses should be paid by the Council . The Council have resolved that the case shall be heard on Sunday , the 9 th of February . It is requested by the Council that thisjetter be inserted in the Star of Saturday next . I remain , yours , John Smith . Manchester , January 28 , 1845 .
The Northern Star Saturday, February 3, 3845.
THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY , FEBRUARY 3 , 3845 .
Ministerial Changes. The Times Of Thursd...
MINISTERIAL CHANGES . The Times of Thursday has the following . We give it here without comment : — ' Although several important changes in the present Administration have , for some time past , been much discussed and confidently anticipated , the appointments which are at this time understood to be determined on , aud still more the secession from the Government of one of its most active and intelligent members , are for the most part unexpected by the public . Of these occurrences the most unforeseen and significant is the resignation and retirement of the President of the Board of Trade . Mr . Gladstone ' s name has been connected , from the moment of his first appearance in the world , with opinions of a
very decided character on several very highly important questions which have no reference whatever to his parti * cular duties as the commercial Minister of the British empire . But these speculative opinions are reported to have divided the hon . gentleman from his colleagues on some of the most important matters likely to be brought before Parliament ; and vre hope we may infer that those measures will prove to he of such moment to the welfare of the United Kingdom , and especially to the tranquillity of the most agitated portion of it , ithat they will afford a sufficient compensation for the loss of so active a public servant as Mr . Gladstone . The vacancy thus arising / it the head of the Board of Trade will be filled hy Lord Dalhousie , now the Vice-President of that department , but without a seat in the Cabinet . Mr . Cardwell , the member for Clitheroe , is named as the successor of Lord Dalhousie in the
Vice-Presidency of the Board of Trade—an ofiice which is usually accompanied with a seat in the Privy Council . The vacancy occasioned by the resignation ofthe Secretaryship of Ireland by the present Lord St . Germans , upon the death of his father , and his consequent accession to the peerage , will be filled by Sir Thomas Fremantle , who succeeded Sir Henry Hardinge last spring as Secretary at War . Mr . Sydney Herbert takes the War-office , with a seat in the Cabinet ; and the Earl of Lincoln also enters the Cabinet , retaining his present ofiice at the Board of Woods and Forests . The retirement of Sir John Barrow , and the promotion of Mr . Sydney Herbert , leave both the Secretaryships of the Admiralty at the disposal of the Government ; and we trust they will be filled in such a manner as to meet all tbe claims of that most important department , and to deserve the confidence of the country . Mr . Corry has been mentioned as Mr . Sydney Herbert ' s
successor . The Standard ofthe same day ( Thursday ) has the following : — Fkom a Cobbespondent . —We understand that the report of tbe Ministerial changes announced in the Times this morning is , to say the least , premature . Mr . Gladstone , whatever may be his intention , has not yet resigned ofiice . There is , however , no doubt but that Sir Thomas Fremantle succeeds Lord Eliot ( Earl St . Germans ) in the important office of Chief Secretary of Ireland . No doubt the " correspondent" knows all about the
matter ; and he does not contradict the statement ol the Times as to the " intention" of Mr . Gladstone to retire . The Nines , therefore , " speaks by the book , " as may be gathered from the following annoincemcnt by the Standard itself : — We have reason to believe that , although it is highly probable that the abilities and services of Mr . Cardwell will he secured for the Government in some appointment of importance , yet the announcement that Air . CardweU is destined for the Vice-Presidency of the Board of Trade is at least premature .
The Trades Conference. The Trades Having...
THE TRADES CONFERENCE . The Trades having selected aperiod of comparative " prosperity" as the time for holding a Conference , wherein the several matters interesting to their body can be discussed , have at least purged their proceedings of all suspicion that hunger alone can move the Working Classes . True , when the people were poor and hungered , Chartism was described as "the howl of the hungry . " We never denied the assertion ; but , on the contrary , admitted that social suffering and
inequality always led to political discussion . And out of those discussions has arisen a principle , the justice of which is so strongl y impressed upon the national mind , that we have now no reason to quarrel either with the past suffering or with those who characterised our movement as a hungry howl . Satisfied then , as we were , even with a bad state of things that induced thought and discussion which led to the almost universal adoption of a great principle , we are much better satisfied with the prospect of forthcoming events , which are not shadowed forth in squalid wretchedness and misery .
The " howl of the hungry" for food is a dangerous assailant : but may be met by the crushing force of organised authority ,-to the total subversion of the " ordinary law . " When what is called a " mob , " clamours for food , and assumes a threatening aspect , the " necessity" for instant suppression binds every , faction in the State-together t and under their combined influence , striking examples and prompt barbarity are represented as . the perfection of humanity . The inevitable tendency of such a reverse is to dispirit , weaken , convulse , and ultimately destroy the Movement Party . On the otherhand ; men who leave their homes in obedience to the summons of their fellows in times of comparative " prosperity , " with
The Trades Conference. The Trades Having...
the view of maturely considering how , without recourse to violence or even declamation , they may present a sufficient amount of combined knowledge and power to insure their fair share of the growing " prosperity" ofthe country , must be regarded by all parties in the State as the representative power of the republic of Labour , met to devise means for carrying into effect what the legislature itself has characterised as just , but what its ignorance of all the ramifications of industry could not reduce to practice .
We cannot , then , contemplate a more interesting spectacle than such an assemblage as the forthcoming Conference shadows to the imagination . The various assaults recently made by Government and Cap italists on the rights of Labour , could not possibly fail to produce some opposition to the lewd and reckless course of the protected oppressor ; while the sluggish motion of a sluggisk body has been quickened into activity by the complete failure of all its past skirmishes [ with a too powerful , because thoroug hly united foe . To censure such a project
openly , would be to court unpopularity and create suspicion : and , therefore , many who would gladly avert the threatened danger to monopoly , secretly ask " towhatendthia Conference is needed V " Why disturb the public mind in the moment of ' prosperous' calm , when all are in full work and at good wage ?" . " The Conference is premature , " saith another . " And why not wait till Government has manifested some further hostile intention ? " chimes in a third ; and " It is a purely Chartist move " roars out a fourth .
Now , in answer to these several speculative inquiries , and commencing with the first , we presume that Vie end contemp lated is the establishment of some defined plan of operation , by which the industrious classes of this country shall be put . ia possession , not of a mere existence-standard of wage , based upon the calculation as to the smallest amount upon which peace and slavish labour can be preserved , but or their full share of that vast amount of national " prosperity " created and daily augmented by then * industry ; that the industrious alone shall not be the only sufferers from the caprice and speculations of
others ; to ihe end that the man who labours hardly and honestly shall have the same prospect as his employer of one day retiring to a sweeter refuge than that seasoned mth workhouse austerity . To ihe second we answer , that the moment of " prosperous " calm is not only the period , but is the only period , at which the philosopJiy of industry can be brought to hear against the audacity of wealth . . The arguments coming from such a body , and at such a time , will cany with them the weight and importance of reflection , resolution , and self-esteem ; while to wait for the moment of adversity would give to the movement
a character of turbulence , recklessness , and declamation . Manufacturers are " prosperous "—landlords are " prosperous "—the Church is " prosperous" —all Classes of Capitalists are " prosperous ; " and they each use their " prosperity" to force additional security for their respective orders- from the Prime Minister . Why , then , should not those who are told to " follow the example of their superiors , " look upon the period of " prosperity" as the time calculated to give most weight to their proceedings . Moreover , the Trades , schooled in adversity , have learned to distinguish between permanent comfort
and mere casual relief . They know that the passing gleam of " prosperity" may quickly change into the dark cloud of adversity . To the third objection we answer , that the Conference is not premature . Better in such cases to be a year , or even two years before the time , than one day " after the fair ! " Time , the awe inspired in the Government by the very shadow of such a following substance may cause the Home Secretary to postpone or altogether "forego his evil intentions , and then the Conference , as far as Government is concerned , will have secured prevention , instead of waiting to administer the cure .
Government is secret in its councils , and rapid in its execution ; and if apprised of the intention of the Trades to wait for the first manifestation of hostilities , the more active assailants would surprise the more sluggish enemy , and laugh their best endeavours to scorn . Moreover , as Mr . Druky has well laid it down in his letter , the Trades have more to apprehend from the assaults of griping Capitalists , than even from the machinations of Governments . " To be forewarned is to be forearmed ; " and hence we aver that the present is the fitting time for action . To the fourth objection we answer , it is not a Cliartist
move further than the impossibility of separating the principles of justice from the rights of Labour . This is a bugaboo , always paraded , and not unfrequently successfully , to scare the timid from the performance of their own work . The Colliers' strike was not a Chartist movement ; nor did any speaker on the p latform ever attempt to mix up the two questions : but the several , delegates who assembled in London and elsewhere , were proud to bear honourable testi mony to the valuable support they received from the Chartist body . The recent strike of the . Building Trades In Manchester was not a Chartist movement :
and yet the Chartists were foremost in the battle of right against might ! Indeed , although charged with the crime of " obstruction , " we may proudly assert , that while Chartism has and ever will " obstrucp" all humbugs , yet has it never , by an indiscreet use of its power , extended injudicious aid to an section of labour struggling for its rights . The Trades will find Chartism , as all others seeking for their rights have found it , —a zealous co-operator , a steady friend , and uncompromising advocate . Intact , Chartism is a terror to the evil-doer , and a tower of strength to the righteous .
So far we have stripped this magnificent national figure of the old bugabooism—Chartism . And now we would advert to those subjects which must bo eventually discussed and legislated on by the Trades . Firstly , the question of restriction ; and how far , if there are three hundred persons in one trade earning a certain amount of wage for twelve hours' labour per day , and one hundred become " surplus , " either by the application of machinery , foreign competition , or slackness in trade ; hour , in such case a restriction of the hours of labour to ei ght hours , instead of twelve , shall turn the idle " surplus" into active labourers , and still preserve the same amount of wage—not the same amount that the two hundred received to be
divided amongst the three hundred ; but the same amount of wage for each of the three hundred for eight hours' work that each of the three hundred received for the twelve hours' work . This question of restriction ; is one—is the one—upon which the most interested discussion will take place : and for this reason ; in many trades , where there is no great " surplus , " the false notion will be entertained that a restriction of labour in such cases must result in a reduction of wages . It is , in truth , from such feelings that our only doubts arise ; from the apprehension that much personal interest , or even sectional interest , maybe mixed up with the general question of the labourer ' s fair share of national wealth , and national improvement .
If , however , we start difficulties , we strengthen the necessity for a Conference of those who will better understand them than ourselves , and are therefore more capable of adjusting them . Another questionwillbe , the best mode of relieving those in full employment from the competition of an unemployed " surplus , " or of the necessity of so far supporting them in idleness as to guard against their competition . Now these two questions of " restriction" and " surplus" are those which must be promptly met and vigorously dealt with by the Trades of this country . If such a
channel can be opened for the "surplus" of each trade as will relieve the employed from their competition , the principle of restriction , mainly superinduced by the necessity of supplying work for the unemployed , may then assume the character of positive good , instead of , as now , of negative evil . If the " surplus" were provided for , the employed would not then be compelled to resort to restriction to protect themselves against competition ; but in , such case they may use restriction as a means of balancing ac . counts between employer and employed . Thus : they may establish the day ' s labour at the number of
The Trades Conference. The Trades Having...
hours that circumstances justly warrant , whether times be brisk or times bo slack ; and then , without further interference of tho body , each man wishing to work beyond tho legitimate day may do so , and receive tho advantage himself , instead of being compelled to give it for tho support of a competitive idle
reserve . Tho Trades will nt Oiico hco , then , that the question of providing for Hie " surplus" is in reality the nil-absorbing " consideration that should interest thcra , Not the providing for the " surplus" out of the wages of the employed , which would be most unjust ; but to open and protect such new field for industry as may be opened out for all that
are disinherited by the present system . So delicate are we of introducing what the enemies of Labour may be pleased to denominate our peculiar crotchet , " that we shall content ourselves with merely arousing thought , to the end that it may be directed to the proper point ; as doubtless , tract upon tract , essay upon essay , and pamphlet upon pamphlet , will be written for the guidance and mystification of the assembled delegates .
The next point , and what has hitherto appeared of surpassing interest to the body , will doubtless be the mode by which the strike of one trade , if justifiable , shall be sustained , not by the individual trade , but by the whole national body . The question of " surplus , " if satisfactorily arranged , may render even discussion upon the latter point altogether unnecessary . Such we trust will be the case ; because after long and anxious consideration , we have come to the conclusion that the details to work out this latter
principle would be complicated , always unsatisfactory , never truly applicable , and leading to those eternal squabbles , which sooner or later would perhaps end in the destruction of that kindly feeling which now so cheeringly manifests itself among the body . We do not say that the Building trades , the Iron trades , the Manufacturing operatives , the Potters , and all those consisting of different branches dependant upon each other , and assimilated in interest , may not adopt the plan of associated protection against individual injustice . However , the point is one of such complexity and nicety , that the Trades should bestir themselves in time to deliberate upon and discuss it , together with the several other questions likely to be submitted to their deliberation .
Regardless ofthe taunts of interested factions , we shall take care to lay our thoughts before the body . They may deal with our suggestions as they see fitting . The only share that we shall claim in that glorious victory that must result from their perfect combination is , that we have done an in our power to aid and facilitate , and nothing to retard or complicate , the project . We feel assured that the following communication upon the subject will be hailed with enthusiasm and delight : —
" At a delegate meeting of Miners , held at Bacup , on Monday last , it was unanimously resolved , that Air . John Berry should be in London on Saturday , the 1 st of February , to attend the tea party in honour of Labour ' s Champion , T . S . Duncombe , Esq ., on Monday next , and to remain there to aid the Trades delegates in maturing tlieir p lan for a National Conference , when three , or twelve delegates , if necessary , shall be sent to represent the Miners' body ; as they hail the projected movement as one pre-eminently calculated to insure for the industrious of all classes that share of the country ' s ' prosperity * to which they are pre-eminently entitled . "
Resolved as we were to abstain from any comment on the comparative merits of the several Trades , we had , however , a lurking notion that the Miners' attorney-general and his underground stragglers would he the first among the foremost to join in a social struggle for those social advantages to which they justly think they are fully entitled . Here , then , is the unquiet underground rumble , spreading over the face of the earth , demanding justice for all ; and we
are not sorry that our old and dear friends the Miners , have been the first to flash light upon the benig hted surface . To the Miners we say , "Well done , good and faithful men ; " and to all others we say , " Go , and do likewise . " The result of proper exertions will be a happy land from an aggregate of happy honies—peace through prosperityprosperity through industry — and contentment through the administration of justice .
The Crash. From The Moment That Our Repr...
THE CRASH . From the moment that our representative system was remodelled to suit the growing genius of a people who had progressed beyond all others in the art of wealth-creating , it was easy to foresee that exclusion from political power would lead to open rupture between represented idlers and unrepresented slaves . The true and veritable meaning of Reform was the just and convenient distribution and proper application of the newly-created property of the
country to its legitimate purposes ; and had such an intention manifested itself in the acts of those who acquired power through popular confidence and fury , the people , ever patient under suffering , would have rested satisfied with such progressive improvements as were warranted by prudence , by circumstances , nr even by a timid caution . They would , in fact , have resisted any violent change calculated to unsettle that state of things in which they saw their own interests , rights , and privileges ^ even faintly recognised .
The non-adoption , therefore , of a timely soothing policy has converted political rancour into social ferocity , and we behold , as it were , not only a house divided against itself , but every section ofthe house hold in open rupture , the one with the other , each struggling to . hold its position , or to break that fall threatened by its own intemperance . Everything we see , everything we hear , everything that we read of , presents to the eye and to reflection the elements of a struggle , the result of which , " Come it slow or come « t fast
'"must produce such a change as no country has ever yet witnessed . We have observed , and the Times has strengthened the justice of our conclusion , that the present period of calm " prosperity" furnishes our cautious Minister with incalculable advantages , and may enable him , unheeded , uninterrupted , and unchecked , to pass measures which , under contrary circumstances , would not be tolerated . Had the present schism in the rival churches of Ireland—the susp icions of the landlords of both countries—the deadly warfare raging in the bosom of our State Church at home—the increasing - cupidity of our
cap italists—the hostility of our landlords to a property tax—the aversion of our traders and shopkeepers to an income tax—co-existed with that national discontent which preceded the present " prosperity "—the internal divisions of faction would have insured an easy triumph to the Working Classes : and , therefore , we must presume that then- present contentment is relied on as the most fitting time to adjust the party squabbles of the higher classes . Those who would found their opinion of Ministerial strength upon mere English questions , or English " prosperity , " are but narrow-minded politicians . Every great change that
has been effected in the policy of our rulers has been forced upon them either from abroad or from without ; from abroad , by the extension of Democratic principles ; or from without , by the effect which foreign circumstances have had upon the national mind . Hence we have seen a tyrant Monarch and a slavish Cabinet humbledhythe declaration of American independence ; we have seen the loss of Ireland threatened , and all but effected , by the French revolution ; and wo have seen " Reform , " though jesisted for nearly half a century , carried by what is called the " three glorious days" of July 1830 !
Judging , then , from the past , we " must take the present state of America ; the present position of Guizoi , the slavish Minister of a wily Monarch , who holds his crown upon the continuance of European peace , however ignominiously purchased ; we must include the hemmed-in position of his Holiness the Pon : , who would extend his circle of dominion , by narrowing , contracting , and enslaving the minds ofthe Irish Catholics : nor can we in our catalogue of Ministerial difficulties , omit the impregnable position assumed by the Irish people : a position of masterly hostility to > 11 the powers at the disposal of the
The Crash. From The Moment That Our Repr...
British Minister . The monied interests have relied upon the commercial confidence , restored by the prime book-keeper of England . The . landlords tolerate him as an agricultural steward , lest his successor may be worse than himself ; while the " noble army of martyrs , " preferring "half a loaf" to no bread , look upon him as a choice of evils : and backed as he is by the sycophantic supporters of " things as they are , " he might yet waddle through all the intricacies of domestic faction , but for the threatening aspect of foreign affairs , The election of President Polk was but the
foretaste of that anti-Enghsh policy now manifesting itself in American councils ; while the virtual defeat of Guizoi in the Chamber of Deputies on the question of compensation to the missionary bagman , Mr . Pritcharo , is calculated in its consequences to destroy the amicable Royal feeling between our Queen and the "Kingof the Barricade ; " an alliance on which the peace of Europe was said to depend : and should the restoration of the Thiers party be the ultimate result of Guizoi ' s defeat , there is little doubt that that anti-English feeling , so strongly manifested of late , will but add new perplexities to the policy of our
commercial Prime Minister . To all these foreign omens the resignation of the Right Honourable Mr . Glads ione , superinduced no doubt by the anti-Catholic policy about to be attempted by Sir Robert Peel for the tranquillization of Ireland , and a fair guess may be made from foreign omens and domestic signs , at the sessional labour cut out for Sir Robert , The hope that the simultaneous extension of railroads in France , England , and Ireland , and the consequent employment of the Working Classes , however it may quiet the turbulent spirit of Englishmen and Irishmen , will fail of producing a similar effect upon the excitable elements of French society ; and
therefore do we look with surpassing interest to the foreign omens as signs of domestic change . Before we again appear in print we shall have had an opportunity of judging the effect produced by the threatening appearance of forei gn affairs on the mind ( , 'J of " Her Majesty ; " or at least upon the minds of her Ministers . From that , however cautiously the truth may be veiled , we may gather something of ministerial foreboding ; while , for the reasons we have assigned , we may anticipate a sudden burst of those warning ehmenta , to control tuldch Sir Robert Fuel will require the use of even more than his ordinary caution .
O'Connell And The Pope. Interested, As E...
O'CONNELL AND THE POPE . Interested , as every lover of liberty must be , in the pending struggle between O'Connell and his Holiness the Pope , we look with delight upon every accession of strength achieved by Mr . O'Cossell to aid him in the suppression ' of Ecclesiastical intolerance : and therefore we have printed at length the able letter of his Grace the Catholic Archbishop of Tuam , to Sir Robert Peel . In truth , pride , if not duty , would induce us to take this course , because we find that Dr . M'Hale has taken the very same view of Sir Robert ' s policy that we ventured to ascribe to it on the first appearance of his Holiness ' s rescript . -.
The Times designates the letter of Dr . M'Hale as a " simple declamation , " without argument or point , while our contemporary , at the same time , labours mdustriously , T > ut Ineffectually , to meet Ms Grace s charge by a " counter-thrust . " Dr . M'Hale traces the immorality of society in general to the contamination of a church whose clergy owe their all to the countenance of the State . To these , the Times replies , that the barbarous murders committed in Ireland , if not sanctioned by the Roman Catholic priesthood , are at least tolerated , because not prevented . This , in our opinion , is expecting too much from outlawed " surpliced ruffians ; " and too little from the strong arm of that law which is the
right arm ofthe State Church . We have before asserted , and we now repeat it , that nearly every act of barbarism perpetrated by the Irish people is a consequence of oppression and misrule , and not a characteristic of the [ Irish people : oppression and misrule which may be dated from the hour when a polluted State Church was " established by law , " and allowed to draw its resources from a hostile people , over whom it had achieved a sacrilegeous triumph , And it is now rathe i \ too great a thaw on the patience and subserviency of the Roman Catholic priesthood , to expect that they should act the part of " goodnatured tranquillizers" of those irritated feelings concentrated by centuries of State Church oppres '
sion . The bold , the manly , and the truly Catholic post tion assumed by Dr . . ~ M'HAiLE , however the Times may sneer at his reasoning , is likely to have its due weight on the Catholic mind of Ireland ; for alread y we learn that the chapels of Archbishop Croli . t , Archbishop Mubrat , and Dr . Denvieb , the three bishops " bequeathed" to the English Minister , have
become vacant , while tho flocks have refused apportion of their fleece for the sustenance of their shepherds . Could any circumstance impart a stronger respect for the principle of popular election , or at all events of popular control ? A control in which the English Minister sees danger , and to possess himself of which is the ultimate aim and object of those tinselled honours which he would now , through policy , confer upon the Catholic hierarchy of Ireland .
So long as the Catholic priesthood of Ireland depend for sustenance upon the wholesome vigilant control of those to whose protection they are appointed , so long will their church stand all the attacks of foreign and domestic foes : but the moment that control is transferred to a political Prime Minister , that moment must every vesti ge of her former struggles and triumphs be buried under its own ruins . Having recognised the titles of the Irish hierarchy , we have very little doubt that the next step will be to introduce them , thus tinselled with the trimmings of Ministerial debauchery , to the House of Peers , there
to sit in conclave with their State Church brethren , in order that the present controversy may be transferred from the wide world of jealous watchfulness to the narrower sphere of apostolic reasoning , in the hope of eliciting Ministerial dogmas capable of producing due effect upon English No-Popery feeling . Pending this schism in the Catholic Church of Ireland , the Protestant parsons , acting upon Mr . 0 'Connem , ' s policy of making Ministerial weakness sub & ervient to Irish purposes , have , with characteristic effrontery , arrayed themselves in open hostility to the princi ple of National
Education ; declaring , with the coolest audacity ,, that teaching and education should come from what they are pleased to term the " National " Church of Ireland ; thereb y meaning the Church of the Twentieth of the population , receiving nearly two millions annuall y from the sweat ofthe Catholic people . The " noble army of martyrs" in the diocese of Ardagh have been tho last to pronounce against the " national system ; " and as the devi quotes scripture when it serves his purposes , to avoid
all charge of selfish interestedness , the " defenders of the faith , " and so forth , liave ventured on the selection of some verses from Deuteronomy to aid them in their opposition . We trust that we shall not be deemed " heretical" if we take the whole of the injunctions contained in * the chapters from which they had selected their " exclusive title , " in order to expose the convenient and interested interpretation put even upon Holy Writ , when State Church purposes are to he served .
The title upon which the Ardagh parsons would establish the exclusive rights ofthe Church to teach , are selected from the fourth chap , of Deut ., 9 th and 11 th verses , the sixth chap , and 7 th verse . Let us see what those verses reall y are and whether or not there was any other condition annexed to tins exclusive right , The 9 th verse says , " Only take heed to thyself , and keep thy soul diligently , lest thou forget the things which thine eyes have seen , and lest they depart from thine heart all \ he days of thy life ; but teach them , thy sons , and thy sons ' sons , "—
11 th verse—And ye came near and stood under the mountain ; and the mountain burned with fire unto the midst ot heaven , with darkness , clouds , and thick darkness .
O'Connell And The Pope. Interested, As E...
The 7 th verse of the sixth chapter , say * ^ " ^ And thou shalt teach them diligentl y ^ 1 dren , and shalt talk of them when thou 8 ltt ° * f cll i ! - house , and when thou walkest by the way , ^ % l Now we would ask the Ardagh parsons mitting the rights of Irishmen to have heo ^ ' ' ' ' defined and protected as those of the chil f * * *" Israel were in obedience to the promised injunr ° * which meant nothing more than observance f ' ten commandments , where in the above veiJ ! ^ can discover their title to the exclu sive T \ au . ^ ministering National Education ? **• Moses , in the first verse ofthe fourth chapter developes the covenant and the conditions ' " ^ wliich the people of Israel were exhorted tO Qued /^ First verse ;— ^
Now therefore hearken , 0 Israel , unto the si and unto the judgments which I teach you , for ^' ' them , that you may live , and go in and POSSfNc ~^ LAND WHICH THE LORD GOD OF YOUR F \ Tin ? GIVETH YOU . U 1 % In speaking generally of the necessit y to obeyiv " statutes and judgments" upon the observance s which the people week to possess the la ^ d , which we find is in tbe eig hth verse , the one . ifo that relied upon by the Ardagh parsons ; we fa , ) -, thus written : — And what nation is there so great , that hath status and judgments so righteous as all this law which \ l before you this day .
Now then , we ask the meek and mild followers ! . ' Christ , whether they are prepared to be bound aa ^ by the " righteous statutes and judgments" hen . referred to , as by the " injunctions" to teach ob ^ encc to their sons , and their sons' sons at tlieir sittij and their uprising ? Is it not truly ludicrous m farcical , in this age of enlig htenment , to see a set / huxtering biblicals ransacking the Bible for " cont stones " whereon'to build a new title for the propj ^ tion of those feuds and dissensions hy which { L
hope , for yet a little longer , to prop the totteri ts edifice into which their own obscenity has co inmiui cated the dry rot . If tftey will give us the LANfl with the " righteous statutes and judgments , " ^ will allow them to " teach their sons , and their soa sons , " a perfect observance of those commandm ^ , which they violate , sitting , standing , rising , and lyi * . But we are not prepared to allow them to preati " passive obedience " and " non-resistance " tothfc statutes which rob the people of the Lasd , and c-ot fer its produce upon State Church parsons .
While this double-edged sword is drawn again ? the Primo Minister in Ireland , the Bishop of Zxsni never behind-hand in administering fuel to & Church flame , promises his share of confusion to a ^ to the already untranquillizedstate of mother Ghurehand our only hope is , that the exposures shall be fu ) i ' complete , and searching to the end , that out of er ] good may eome ; and that at last we may see the growing Minn of the country so improved b y unprejt . diced education , as to enable it to throw off the * darkness with which it has been clouded by prodi gal churchmen and interested teachers .
So Iicatimmtijgqvmvqmnti
So iicatimmtijgQvmvQmnti
Leach And M'Docam,, —Just As We Were Goi...
Leach and M'Docam ,, —Just as we were going to pwa on Friday morning , we received the decision of it ; Manchester Council in the above case , accotupanifj with a report , together with a balance / sheet mcasuriu four feet four inches in length , closely written in tloubli columns , with a request to insert nW this wet-it , wbid we would gladly do if at all in our power , but irhich « i are compelled to overbold till next week . A Bone for Chambebs to Pick . —The following eonve . sation recently took place between Jlr . O'Connorandai Irish labourer , who had been reared up under his famil ; , —Mr . O'Connor : Well , Nicholas , have you the pound i
week yet ? Nicholas : Wisha , I haven ' t this long tiim , —Mr . O'Connor . How did you lose it ? Nicholas : Whi , your honour , a feUow that I knew in Leeds , came «{ here looking for work , and I got him a job in my am shop ; and when he found out what I had . I'll engaj ! he never stop ' t till he rooted me out . —Mr . O'Connor : How was that ? Nicholas : Why , he tould the oversee that he'd take my job for fifteen shillings ; itndlgti the sack . —Mr . O'Connor : Well , Nicholas , are you a teetotaller yet ! Nicholas : Wisha , I ' m not , then , —Hi , O'Connor : Do you drink , then ; a « d lvintmade yoi give it up ? Nicholas : Why , d < ai ' tyou knoiv I nua was a pledged member ; but whi ) iil left thut $ laoc / was a teetotaller two years : and then I went to won
in Mr . Somers' granary , the corn-factor , and his rati used to be paid every Saturday night , to a pubfe . house of his own ; and sixpence would be stopped te every man ' s wage , whether he'd drink or not ; sol declare , after having it stopped for a great many wed ! , at last J thought I might as weU have something for U , aci but I took my whack as' well as the rest of them ; ad I believe that there would be many a teetotaller if i wasn't for scheming and getting on like that , by tlra that has something to do with public-houses . —To offii a word on the above would but tend to weaken 6 i simple narrative of the dependant working man . Yft presume that the mechanics of one shop , referred 1 ;
by the Messrs . Chambers , as supporting a publie-hou- " , were "crimped" in the first instance , like poor SichN las - . and as one word brings on another , one pot brinp on another ; and so , by the first false step into wnii the labourer is forced by the master , the race of diespation is started , and the onus of disgrace frills upa the victim , instead of upon the brute who debauch him . Note . The Mr , Somers spoken of by Nicholas * a Leaguer , and a loud brawler for " cheap bread" ad " feee trade'V-in corn , but not in swipks ' . —tftat jd must not be "free" to ^ trade in , or not , as you Uke , K you must pay whether it suits or unsuits ! Tha < League-men have qv & er notions .
Ma . West , in Answer to the "Trjckt Toot . "—&'• West , who now resides at Macclesfield , following & trade as a weaver , has sent us the following , in replj the Jesuitical and "fair" letter from Mr . T . Faltey , * hired spouter for the enemies of Labour , inserted inc . ' last : — "Sir , —Tour remarks on Mr . Fnlvey ' s h'" > $ respecting the Rotherham discussion , in last Saturda ; ! Star , has left me but little to say ; and I should tf have troubled you with this letter , but that 1 feared , ' I remained silent , a wrong construction might befS upon it . I was certainly anxious to see what & Falvey ' scorrections would amount to , as 1 was vonseW that the report was substantially correct , the who le » the arguments , if not the exact words , being given ; a ^ now that his letter is before me , I must confess ii 3
quite a ' gem' in its way . Mr . Falvey will be doing » act of injustice to posterity if he does not torwarij ' true copy' to Mr . D'Israeli , to enrich the next edition " his ' Curiosities of Literature . There is , however , «* error you have fallen into , which I hasten to correct , * - ' Mr . Falvey is so sensitive about names . Kis nani * j Timothy : the initial , therefore , should have been 1-and not J ., as you have it . This I deem important , !^ Mr . Falvey ' s ' modesty , "delicacy , ' and ' honour' ( I " not say anything about 'honesty' ) , should suffer bj * mistake . Mr , Falvey says the report was an ' eaorat ffabrication . ' I only wish that the ' Leaguers' wo * give me such a 'fabrication : ' for I appeal with «* fidence to the chairman , or any other person who &
present at the discussion , to say whether the rep *" as a whole , was not a correct and impartial one . I *' notice Mr . Falvey ' s corrections . His not coming direcw from tho south is , as you ' say , a mere evasion ; tor * told me himself , that' when he came from the sotiW was sent expressly to Rotherham to deliver wo . i tures . So much for his 'honesty . ' The slight misS I fell into respecting the chairman ' s name , shows what shifts' Mr . Falvey has been driven to ' fish ^ objections . If any one had a right to complain , ie * Mr . Evans—( who , I may here state , acted as chains * in the most impartial manner ) . My friend Mr . Sisf * whose name was printed Lessons , had an equal rig W ' complain ; but really such ridiculous stuff does M & serve serious consideration . As to the chairo *
letter , denying that he charged Mr . Falvey with i "" ; ducing ' extraneous matter , ' he win perhaps recoB * - that , when Mr . Falvey commenced his second allad ^ the Chartists , I rose and asked him * whether wc «^ met to discuss the merits or demerits of Free Tfl * and whether extraneous matter was- to be allswedbe introduced * ' and the chairman said , and the »* , ing responded to it , « that the question to be dlscu ^ was Free Trade . ' Mr . Falvey bowed to the decist" " ' the ehairman . When Mr . Falvey went to the tro » of writing to the chairman , why did he ^ get him to confirm his atatement , that report Was an ' enormous fabrication V Mr . I * - best knows the reason why . The real sect * Mr . Falvey ' s chagrin is , that there was a report * TTnrl thu dictiecinn Vioon n / mfituul tn the room . hO ' 7 .,
then have gone up and down 'bouncing' ( as J , ; done on former occasions ) that he had , fl 0 D ^^ but now the people can judge for themselves , a" ^ them I am content to leave the question . As ^ sneer about myself , I leave that as it stands , r *"" ^ , ' Mr . Falvey that if he lays claim to ' deUcacy , '' , jj , ' honour , ' and' honesty , ' tftc two latter are < AM K' $ at Blackburn he challenged me to discu * , question with him at Manchester and Macclcsn ^ ACCEPTED THAT CHALLENGE : but aS p ^ i ! not been able to prevaU on him to fulfil h ^ ^ . Perhaps his 'delicacy ! and ' modesty » ^ thing to do with this funking : but if he c » i ^ his courage to the sticking place , ' as „ , ) !>< living in Macclesfield , let him name his urn ^ wiU find me ready . We can then meet afflo-e ^ who know us both well , aud whore our reW $ ters for' delicacy , ' modesty , ' ' hsnour , ' ana 9 can be properly appreciated . Thoug h « ' ^ my loom , I can always afford to spare a day } lp humbug and delusion , " ours , re spects . .. West .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 1, 1845, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_01021845/page/4/
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