Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 2nd January 1847, Edition 2 of 3, Page 6, Crates' flftobemciUs'

Page 6
Page 6
6 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (2)
    • Crates' flftobemciUs'
    • Comspmtfieme,
  • Text (14)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      « The Northern Star, • Jakitary 2, I847....

      « THE NORTHERN STAR , Jakitary 2 , I 847 . II - " - ^ m I . H' . ¦ '¦' ! . ¦ 1 ! '

      Crates' Flftobemcius'

      Crates' flftobemciUs '

      Wsjistressed Con'mtiox Of The Bradford W...

      WSJISTRESSED CON'MTIOX OF THE BRADFORD WOOLCOMBSUS . La Last week a public meeting ofthe distressed and destine ite woolcombers of this town was held in the Tcmperatce rjYl . all , Benjamin Abbott , m woolcomber , in the chair . Mi Mr . Gegbgg AFbite moved the first re » olution . in n oreM-ech of considerable length , In which he strongly suiladiadverted on the promises of the Free-traders as cotu-Krizred with theirPirfofmanets . He said that the result If if bnjing in the cheapest and sellinjr in the dearst uanarket , a favourite principle of the Free-traders , had iron-ought the woolcombers to ttuir present position <> f wretchedness and misery . De sat down by moving " That the he condition of the woolcombers of this tonn is truly awaroewt » Me . and tt is absolutely neccsiary that an appeal Ihohould be made W the wealthier classes ou their behalf , a araree number of them bcinc completely destitute . "

      1 Tbe resolution was seconded by George Itidley , a nooltonomber . aud carried unanimously . J JfSEru HonojOM , a woolcomber . stated that he had ap . nliiilifd to the parish for relief , being entirely without work « t . t his own trace , and the rtlieviuR «> rlU-er had sent Mm to to break stones on the road , for which he r .-ceived Is . 3 d . peper day for two d » y « . He had been to the relieving officer rnim that day ( Tuesday ) , nUea tbe offi r had Riven him ttsjs . 6 d .. and told hira he should want him no mure . He sasald ihtro were eight of them to keep out of what he bad ; nt ; iit f « r stone-breaking , but now he had notling . Kobest Smith , another woolcomber , stated that he tb . iii . id had nothing to eatinbis house for tiro days , his wife ::-3 canfineiI and one child in a fever . There were six in the ¦ r . iif . imily altogether . He had applied for reluf last Satur . nJadav . and received 2 s . 64 . for the whole of them .

      Jodk jEBar stated that he had not had any work for tththe last three weeks , that his wife was confined on Monday Wast , and all that he had to give her was a little sago jrrjnr-l , which a neighbouring woman had brought in for Ibeber , just before be came to that meeting . He said he Ihdiad uot tasted six ounces of food since Sunday last . George Ftx-rcnta , a woolcomber , said that he had Ifofour children beside * himself and wife , wbicfe made Six nlaltogefher . He had been relieved with 2 « . 6 J ., and went bibefore ( he Board of Guardians on Friday last , and was oiordered t * go to work at what is called a test hill , at Idle , wwhere he was relieved with 4 s . 6 d . for his whole family , amnd when he told the relieving officer that he had no shoes It cto walk a distance of eight miles every day to and from hhi ? work , the officer told biro that he might boy shoes out oiof the 4 < s . < id . relief he had riven him . However , atUst ,

      hhetva-, furnished , withapairof clogs . He tlien went lo work a at the test bill , at Idle , but his feet began to swell so , in swearing Ms clogs in frosty weather and out of door empplovinent , always being used to working by the side of s v warm comb par , ( bat be was obliged to bathe kis feet in a t morning before he started to bis work . Having to bobble a along in the best manner be could , he sometimes got t there rather late , when tbe superintendent ot the test hill I begun to curse aud swear at him , and threatened to send Ibim to Wakefield .. At last he was thrown into a fever , : and he believed he had gut a complaint on him , through i working at the test bill , that would carry him to bis { grave . He said he knew parties working at that hill i who h id to walk 60 or 79 miles each week , to and from 1 the pkee , snd that some cf tbe men were working there t for ' 21 hours together , without tasting food of any description .

      w h . Mclles moved the second resolution , which was , '" That five persons be appointed a committee , to receive ( evidence of the existing distress amongst the woolcombers . " Seconded by a woolcomber of the name of Gill—carried unanimously . The meeting then avSjoriTneA to a future day , to give time to the woolcombers to send in to the committee th . ir statements ofthe distress and destitution they are now labouring under . WHITE SLAVERY .

      Labocr In Kew York. Its Circdkstahces, C...

      LABOCR IN KEW YORK . ITS CIRCDKSTAHCES , CONDITIONS , AND XEWABC 6 . ( From the A ' sto York Ttibttne . )

      X 0 . HL—THE BOOK-FOLDERS . The girls employed in Book-binderies work indiscriminately at folding and stitching—sometimes being esipfeye-i one week iu folding and tbe next iu stitching . They earn about tbe sitne wa ^ es at either occupation , End work always by the piece . Hot more than half of them who have regular situations are steady , sober workersthe want « f « du : ation and the out-door temptations which belong to the fortunes of so many of them exerting a p-nvertul influence to destroy their ambition and self respect , and to beget habits of levity and idleness .

      Ther * r . re from 2 , 500 to 3 , 0 ^ 0 girls engaged the respectable Binderies in the city , and their wages are very various—d-pending entirely on the skill , experience and industry of the girls , as well as , sometimes , on tbe favouritism of foremen and those who cive out the work . iS . iny Jo uot earn more than 1 dollar 50 cents or 2 dollars per w ek ; others make 3 dollars and 3 dollars SO cents ; while there is a few whose bill « , week after week , run as high as 5 dollars aud 6 dollars . These ere oK and highly valued hands , and some of them have held their ? i : tt 3 tloac /< . < r years .

      Th ? prices paid in the large establishments for folding are , f > r single Svo . sheets , 2 cents per hundred ; for double do . ( IS page *) , 3 J cents per hundred . Double 12-no . is paid 5 i cents . An average hand working 10 i-. onis a day can fold 10 or 1200 of the double l'itnos Few do as much as that , however . The cutting of the signatures is included in these prices . The f tuchc-rs receive a great variety of prices according to tbe site of the sheet , the number of pages iu a signature , 4 c . An average price of common work may be stated at 21 cer . t « . per hundred sbeets .. At these rat §» they m . ike about the same as at folding . In both folding

      tihl stitching there is so wide a range of work that the oslyliracticsMen-sy of estimating the earnings of thesv piils , a * a . clas * . in to take account of their weekly wages . In the bif t establishments ti ^ e range from 2 dollars o 0 cents to J dollars 50 cents—leaving out of the question those who are extraordinarily expert or industrious . In many other establishment ; , however , the work is dribbled out by piecemeal , so that the rirlsoti the average do not work mor ; than half tbe time . Some concerns , too , we ire compelled ta say . are in the regular habit of paying ess even than the above prices , snd employ girls at the . try lowest rates they can compel them to accept .

      The si stem cf apprenticeship aUo exists in this trade , and t ie siilful worker just through her appreuticehood is toi > often sent adrift to make room for raw bands . In the larger establishments the girls are generally separated from tho men who work at Book-binding , aud are kept In tolerable order . In some houses they are not permitted even to > peaU to each other during working bout * . In others ( tud that , too , where we should look for the utm-j « strictness ) the girls laugh aud talk and carry ou half the time . The folders and stitchers commence to work at 7 in

      the morning and uork till 6 in the evening— taking an hour for dinner . Th-y almost universally bring diuner with them and eat it any way th . it they can get at it . The fr . ve , as you nny « eli suppose , is pear enough ; nad ret , a ? pc-ihaj-s nine-tenths of these gills board with their mothers , I rothers , married sisters , or othir relatives or friends , the hand of ffeetiou often drops some trifling d > - jkocs in tbe littls tin pail that holds the poor worker ' s rimner— at which , when she spreads her humble board , her eyes glisten with a tear of love and * be utters a oilei . t bl-ssing .

      Tne . e irirls pay from 1 dollar 73 cenU to 2 dollar per week for their bsird , and extra fur washing . A great MK-jjiiiy of tbem board with their relative or friends , an-I thus are better fid , lodged and : ared for than those r : i !• = « ho have to live at tke chetp public boarding houses . Tiif-y are most o : thtin father . e , * , aud many have neither lather r . or mother . Msny of ihem belong to the church , and nearly all , we believe , are of g « od character . In some ci' >); e less respectable BinoVues however , so much i-ircu-ii-p ction is not employed . They are from all grades a-:: r ^ nks in life , and the bivory of themselves sn-l fatnili- > > " - 'i ! d , in many instances , be more interesting tint ; , « , <• in- ! , : :. rtiitic romance . We remember a sprightly and d Ii- -. I ' . u-iiitikiug jiirt whose story was to ' . d us by the j . olite ] , ;• ••(' .-: < t r of the large Bndtry where she whs employed , aV . iH'U /;! u jt one of her companions knows anything oi

      her stia-ue fortunes . She i-. the daughter of a oniedistings , i- ! rtd and opulent Enst India merchant , who lived iu i ! . e most sumptmuo and aristocratic style , bestowin <; upon his dau ^ htvrs tv-. ry ac-coui ^ lisliuient which coul-i possible be obtained by wealth and tav . e . Hs died and was discovered to be a hopeless ban km jit . His widow and one grown-up daughter—two of the mo-t dist'ogue women of fashion in theeity—nud the subject oi our story , where reduced to suddtu and al-jn-t pmcrty . The young woman married a respectable hard working mechanic , with whom the now lives in tiniiiteiri : p ;< . il happiness ; and the little girl—the pet ot the family—went to folding books . She boards with her sister and is a neat and prosperous worker . After hearing this little romance we turned to gaxe with a deeper interest upon the gay , giriish face and slight but graceful form bending so quiety over her toil .

      IV e hare presented this important branch of the great Hook-making business by no means iu Its darkest colors . Tne exceptions ( which are many and distressing ) to the comparative comfort which prevails among them we have left untouched , ADDREES 3 OF TUB CARPET WEAVERS OF GREAT KIUTAIX TO THE VTORKMKS ENGAGED IS THE VARIOUS TRADES IS ASD- AROUND

      ARERUBES . Fellow-Workmen , —We , tbe Carpet Weavtrs of Great Britain , beg most respectfully to lay before you a brief summary of the causes which have led to the unhappy differences at present existing between the Messrs . Iladdens . in Aberdeen , and their workmen , Tit . — •« At the rujueit of the workmen In their employ , the manufacturers of Rutland at their annual meeting , held July 2 nd l * iS , agreed lo advance their wages ten per cent ., this advance to continue until 1 st February , 1847 ; aud if the uianun-t-tyi . isin Scotland would agree to give a corresponding a ivaiice ou or before that time , said advance to continue pemir . neiit . " In consequence of this agreement the w « , rk : uen in the several firms in Scotland , agreed to memorialize their employers for a corresponding advance , which they at first refused , principally on account of the M ; . i « rs . Hiddens , in Aberdeen , having been in the j . racu « .-c of paying ten per cent , below all others in the trade for a considerable length tf time * , but , on a stcon-J application , they agreed to give their men a correspand-

      Labocr In Kew York. Its Circdkstahces, C...

      l advance , provided that all themifnufacturers m Scotlaud pay » uniform rate . Ttata rUl tlw »>*««( HCturevi in Scotland honourably agretd to do , with the except ,. „ of the Messrs . Iladdent , in Aberdeen , who deeidedly refused * to pay the same rate as the other manufacturers , as they considered themselves p laced in a more disadvantageous position than the other manufacturers in the trade . The workmen considering it unjust that they should suffer a reduction on their wages on account of tbe supposed disadvantage * of any manufacturer , agreed to send a deputation of their number to Aberdeen , in order to impress upon the Messrs . Haddens the propriety of acceding to the rate proposed by the other manufacturers . This they in the first place decidedly declined to do , but after repeated interviews with the deputation they proposed

      a . settlement of the qu ' stion by arbitration . This the workmen , for the sake of peace generally , assented to , although opposed to the application of the principle in this case . The Messrs . Haddens having communicated this to the other manufacturers , they refused to refer the case , but offered to meet them in conrerenee . This the Messrs . Haddens positively refused , still holding by arb - tration , to whieh some of ths manufacturers latterly agreed ; but on account of other manufacturer < iQ ^ i 5 opposeu to this mode of settlement , the I ' orfr ' Bglrnlc n Spinning Company issued circullrs-to all thefibauufac-. turers in Scotland , inviting . them to a meetfng ^* UiWi 1 g h meeting took place in Glasgow , on 25 th Scptemb ' etl To this meeting the Messrs . Haddens were invited , but declined to attend . At said meeting the question of arbitration was discussed in all its bearings , and rejected as inadmissaMe . Rut it was agned thrt the wages be

      • navmaineu until 10 th October , and a deputation was . appointed to confer with any manufacturer Pot pmsent at this meeting . A special notice was seut to tho Mtssts . Haddens , to meet them either in Edinburgh or Dund » e , to endeavour to remove their objections to pay a uniform rate of wHges . The Messrs . Haddens never having statdd what their disadvantages were , and the meeting consldcring them not the least favoured manufacturers in tbe trade—to which notice the Messrs . Haddens paid no attention—although they bring forward the r supposed disadvantages as a reason why they cannot meet the other manufacturers iu the market , and state that they are obliged to pay their workmen a lower late of wages to enable them to do so . How , brethren , we are well aware that thev are not only ahla to , meet them in tbe

      market , but to a considerable extent , to undersell tbem . The resolution agreed to at the above meeting having been sent to Aberdeen , the Deputation appointed by the trade requested an interview with tbe Messrs . Haddens , which was peremptorily refused ; and after several ineffectual attempts by the workmen in their employ , to obtain a peaceful settlement of the question , and feeling that the whole responsibility of maintaining the advanc d rate of wages lay upon them—they having no -guarantee that their employers would not offer even a lower rate oi wages than that paid by tbem for the last eighteen years ; and although all tbe other Manufacturers were willing to maintain the advanced rate of wages , yet declaring if avy Firm in Scotland was found to pay a lower rate after the 10 th October , thev would feel themselves compelled to

      conform to that rate whatever it might be . This being the position of the workmen i" the employ of the Messrs . Haddens , they considered it their doty to withdraw their labour , having no other alternative left them , they having used every prudent and reasonable means in their power to obtain a settlement . And although decidedly opposed to Strikes in general , considering them to be pernicious in their effects both to Employer and Employed , yet , in this peculiar case , we fe * l ourselves bound to support the Aberdeen Workmen in their resolution , having no othet course left us but do this , or submit to repeated reductions , as the Messrs . Haddens appear determined to pay below the other Manufacturers let them pay what they may : which reductions we could ill afford , owing to the

      laborious nature of our calling , and the great variety of style which is continually being introduced , which increases our labour , and consequently reduces our wages ; and considering our inability to educate our families , or supply them with the necessary comforts of life . For the above reasons , acd others that might be adduced , ( a recital of which would tax your patience , ) we do assure you , Brethren , that it is a hard struggle for us to provide for our families with our present wages , and were we to be reduced to the rates lately paid by the Messrs . Haddens it would entail upon us and our children a great amount of misery and distress—at the thought of which oar hearts sicken , and the better feelings of cur nature recoils .

      Sow , Brethren , when we consider the reasonableness and justiceof the request ^ f the CARPET WEAVERS OF ABERDEEN , that they should receive the same remuneration for their labour as the other Workmen engaged in the trade ; and , likewise , when we reflect that the dearest interests of several thousands of your Fellow Labourers depends upon the issue of this contest , we earn stly implore that you will uot only refrain yourselves , but that you will use every lawful endeavour to keep others from sopplar . ting the men in their work , and thus be the means of averting a vast amount of suffering and privation from thousands of your fellow creatures ; for although you may in the meantime be flattered and fawned upon by the petty Tyrant , and deceived by false promises aud misrepresentations , which in the end will 'urn out bitter disappointment to those who are so foslish as to be duped by them .

      Brethren , we have laid before you a plain unvarnished statement of oar case , trusting and believing that your feeling * ure on the tide of Humanity and Justice , and not upon the side of Obsiiwicy and Oppression , we humbly request that you will give our case your candid considers tion , and oblige , yours respectfully , in name and on behalf ofthe CARPET WEAVERS OF GREAT BRITAIN , David M'Cdll-. ch , Ch & bles Thomson- , Robert Ramsat David Thimsok , James Hannah , John Hilhouse , James Tdomsos , George M'Kissock , James Hilidat , James Moooie , Acting Committee . Kilmarnock , 9 th December , 1846 .

      STEAM . ESGIXE AND MACHINE MAKERS . At a meeting ofthe Journeyman Steam Engine , Machine Makers , aud Millwrights' Friendly Society , held at our Club House , the Old Grsy Mare Inn , Bury , on Thm saay evening , the 24 th of December , it was unanimously agreed , that each member subscribe the sum of Is . per week for the defence of the men who are beingprosceuteil by Messrs . Jones and Potts , of Newton , on the charge of conspiracy . Af ttir which , it was proposed aud seconded , and carried by acclamation , "Thata vote of thanks be given to the Proprietor and Editors of the A ' ortfie-rn Star , fur their traight-forward conduct , as exhibited in their journal iu the advocacy of the rights of industry . "

      FRAME-WORK KNITTERS . Nottingham . —Cmted Thades . —A three counties Delegate Meeting will be held on Monday morning , the -4 th of January , ISt " , at the hour ot ten o ' clock precisely , at the Black Horse Tavern , Stoney-strtet , to consider the propriety of cau = ing a Bill to be introduced into the Route of Commons , for the amendment of the Ticket Act- also to transact other important business . Mark Womxt , Secretary ,

      THE WARRINGTON CONSPIRACY CASE . TO THE EDITOR OF TOE KOtlTUERN STAft . Sir , —In reading the report of the meeting of the Operative Engineers of London , contained in your paper of Saturday last , I find that Mr . Lancaster , the delegate from Manchester , in the coarse of his speech , in alluding to my arrest by ihe Warrington authorities , is reported to have said— ¦• That I was dragged off to Warrington , my locks broken , uvy place ransacked , w \ d wy papers taken , without any legal authority whatever ; " evidently in'erring that the above acts had been committed by the arret ting parties . I feel myself bound to correct a part of the above statements ; it is correct in part , but not as

      a whole . It is true that I was taken to Warrington , without either time to arrange my offii ial business , or to take leave of my family ; it is also true that a notice paper was torn down from my office , and taken away : •• at with regard to the breaking of the locks , and the ransacking ofthe place , such did not take place . I cannot account for Mr . Lancaster ' s statements , further , than he must have been misinformed , or it is a mis-report . But be that as it may , 1 hare ; fur in duty b'tind to i > ake this rom-ciion , lor I would not have it > ,, jd that 1 had knoningly allowed even tn . v enemies to suffer an injustice . I hive not n » yetsteit Mr . Laoutistor , iiutl h : ive no doubt hut that he will be as anxious as rajtcit to have any tnisstaterfients corrected .

      By inserting the above in jour paper of Saturday next you will greatly oblige , " Sours truly , Hek & y . Sewbt . 61 , Dale . « frcet , Manchester , Vee . - 2 \) , UiG . The JoixEr . s of Rochdale arc on strike , being forced out of eim'loyment through the masters attempting- to impose ^ upon them u set of new rules which were never known in Rochdale before .

      Mklakciiolv Teruisatios Of A Convivial P...

      Mklakciiolv Teruisatios of a Convivial Paiity . — On Tuesday an inquest wa ^ taken before Mr . Baker , at the George , Mansell-strcet , Wuiteehapel , anview of the body of Slary Fitzhenry , five months old , « -ho # e parents' were on jMonday under an examinat on , before Mr . Yardley , at the Thames Police Court , accused of being accessary to its death , when the charge a-os dismissed . It appeared that the dewnecd lived at No . 9 , Greg ' s-court , with it . s mother and father , who is a miu-niaker . Last Saturday nishi they had a fow friends , amon ^ ' whom was the grandmother . Uetwcen nine and ten o ' clock the

      inotin : r wet to bed , and shortly after the child w ; is taken to her by its father . About one o ' clock tli 0 following luotniu-: the mother got up , when shortly after , upon going for the deccasul , she found it without iaiy siyiis of life . Her screams brought her husband to her , who held the body before the lire , to restore the vital functi'iiis , in doing which the skin was scorched oil" its back . The grandmother then placed it in a warm bath . Mr . Liddle , surgeon , who made a poii-amtcM examination , found the luiii-s highly congest id . whith was caused by suffocation . The hums , howctv-r , wore siiflieicnt t <» ilestrov life . Verdict '' Death » . vs' > i > . » i - i . i .: ii . "

      Jack at F . u-i . t . —A mihii-ih he pit of the theatre , on !< i ! ikins ! owr hi- ? pl . tyhill , 'iiscuvercd 1 l 1 . it an interval of thiily years occtiried . icuvcen the iirst and SU--1 K 1 acts , 'i ' alniii ; this has a iii ; itti-i-ii ! ' - ! , i :.-t , and nut ; - . s .-tii ! 'iifton his imagination , he put on his tar-[ i , iii .-ii . .-ii li ' ieciiilof the tii - st ; icf , iv . ul left the nit , > ayin :. " Very few ofthe r . udieneu willpvob & u ' y live to see tbe end of the plav . "

      The Short Time Question. Renewed Agitati...

      THE SHORT TIME QUESTION . RENEWED AGITATION FOR THE ADOPTION OF THE TEN HOURS' BILL IN FACTORIES .

      MEETING AT DUNDEE . ( From the Dundee ^ id » ertj « er ) A public meeting waa held in Dundee on Friday to receive Mr . Ferrand , M P ., aud Mr . Oastler , the eloquent and energetic advocates of the Ten Hours' Bill . From some cause or other , not explained , Mr . Ferrand did not arrive in time to attend the meeting , but Mr . Oustler did , and received a most enthusiastic reception , lie was accompanied by Messrs . Lewis , Miller , Johnston , and other pr . achers of the Gospel belonging to the town . Mr . James Saunders was called to the chair .

      Mr . Macrae said , he had for tome time been a factory slave himself , and , therefore , had some slight knowledge of the working of tho system . To the long hours of labour a deal of the evils which now pervaded society might be traced . It has been proved by statists that the . lives of those employed in the factories were much ( shorter than the lives of thos * employed in agricultural ,-pursuits ; that tha greatest ignorance and the greatest misery , abounded in the towns where the factory system was in its greatest vigour . It bad been found likewise , that as our trade had increased , the misery and degradation of the working people had increased in the equal raiio . They had all seen the squalid looks and the zig zag gait of the factory operatives , which had been

      brought upon them by eicess-ive labour . The manner in which the factory system had hitherto been conducted , had tended to debase the working piople , to destroy their physical enirgy , corrupt their morals , and be dttremenial to their intellectual capabilities . Sooner than that should take place , he would say , let commerce perish ; and any man who could calmly contemplate such things , he would say , had not the love of God or man emplanted in his breast . Mr . Macrae concluded by proposing his resolution to the effect ) that the meeting were of opinion that the long houts of labour in factories were detrimental to tha health , the morals and tbe intellect ofthe people—that machinery should be put under regulations so as uot to prove a curse instead of a bless ing to the working people .

      Mr . Thomas Smart seconded the resolution , nhich wai put and carried unanimously . The Rev . Mr . Lewis proposed a resolution , the purport of which was , that in the opinion of the meeting the present hours of factory labour are incapable with the moral and intellectual improvement of tho body ot tbe people engaged in it , and that were these not shortened , the most disastrous effects would arise to the whole community . The BtVi Mr . Lesley Miller seconded the motion . Mr , Oasiek , oncoming forward , was received with the most rapturous and enthusiastic cheering . After the noise had subsided , he eaid , when he appeared at the first meeting he had been at in Scotland , a few nights ago , a person high in station , took him by the hum ) ,

      saying , " Oastler , you are a bold man to come to Scotland upon such a question . " He ( Mr . Oastler ) thought 10 too . He had heard that the people of Scotland were a practical , calculating sort of people ; and he was afraid that if they should find anjthing wrong , they would be the people to 4 et « ot aud expose it . Trusting , however , to their characteristic benevolence , and having n mission inthe causeofbiwaanity , , he had come down among them . He had been assured bt fore he crossed the Border that he need not come among them , as they were against a Ten Hours' Bill ; but 10 far from that being the case , he had h « ld three meetings since he came to Scotland , and he could say that he never had attended three better meetings in his life . If tbe working people of Scotland thought that he came among them for the

      purpose of stirring up strife between master and man they would find themcelves greatly mistaken . His object was to bring the olive branch of peace , and to heal the dissensions which had unhappily too long existed between these classes . What he wished to see was the good feeling existing between master and servant which existed iu the titne of Boaz , when the latter saluted tbe former in these words , " Tbe Lord bless thee , " .. and the former answered , 'f . The Lord be with you . " That was a system theu existing between employers and employed , which he wished to witness established iu England and Scotland , Tbe system which he wished to see was on <* established injustice . The principles he advocated were supported by one of the richest manufacturers in the world—Mr . John Fieldcn . It had bsen proposed thirty years ago by

      the late Sir Robert P-eel , and had all along been supported by the best-inforraed factory masters . Last night , at his address in Paisley , the chair was taken by one of the most opulent manufacturers there—Mr . Carr ; and tbe cuetring of the great number assembled when he took the chair , told , in language uot to be misunderstood , how heartily they were rej . iiced at his influential co-operation in the cause . Mr . Oastler then proceeded to describe some of the cruelties whieh prevailed under the present system . The state to which the children were often reduced by txhaustion might be learned when he mentioned that he had once or twice observed the children uf a poor widow in-his neighbourhood so exhausted , that they fell asleep with part of their supper in their mouths , and while she was dressing their ulcerated

      feet . Many of these evils had been remedied , but still a deal remained to be done . It was said when the present system was proposed that trade would be ruined , but instead of that it had gone on increasing . He was willing to argue the question with any one upou the pounds , shillings , and pence of the question . ) lluar , hear . ) Let them look at the sums now requittd for gaols , bridetvells , and police , and deduct those before they count the profit . In his own place they were erecting agaol aud bridewell , which would cost £ ' 60 . 003 . In his younger years , the same place which , contained one third of its present inhabitants , l . ad a gaol with six cells , the doors of which were open six months in ( he year . They had only one policeman tken , now they had one hundred and seventy . He had ouco been denounced in the House

      of Lords by the Premier as an incendiary , and in the . House ot Commons by the Home Secretary , as a charac ter of the same sort ; but he would say that since the present agitation commenced , tbe greatest change had laken place ; in the minds of the workpeople regarding the preservation o : ' property , H « reir-embered several jesrs ago of going into several public-hnuses in the neighbourhood of Manchester in disguise , in order to ascertain the opinions ofthe working people on the subject , when he found that they then breathed nothingbut revenge against the property and persons of their masters , N-iw so great a change had taken place In their opinions , that were any one to tpeak of such a thing , he would be immediately handed over to the police . He hai- ! at one time been charged with bringing forward this question to impede the cause of Negro emancipation , at another to hinder the Reform Bill , and at another to oppose the progress of Free Trade . All these questions had now been settled , aud the ground was therefore clear .

      He would advise tbem against strikes , aud if any oue from England advised them to pursue such a course , avoid bun . Mr . Fielden haddesited him to ask every meeting if there were sny among them in favour of an Eleven Hours' Bill . At all the meetings he had attended he had only found three individuals who held up their hands lor it . Were they In favour of it ! ( "No , no . " ) Well , from that he would say that they were in favour oi a Ten Hours'Bill . ( ' * Yes , yes !") Mr . Oastler , after thanking them for the attention with whieh they had listened to him , sat down amidst enthusiastic and prolonged cheering . The reiolutiou was put , and unanimously agreed to . Mr . GaiHAH moved a petition to both Houses of Parliament in favour of the Ten Hours' Bill—which was adopted . In the course of his remarks in moving , he dealt several severe hits at the Burgh Member , for refusing to preside at the jncetvuf , and intimated that they would call in question the views in his litter upon the sul-jcct , should he again present himself at the

      hustings . Dr . Gbai , aftir some remarks , proposed a vote of thanks to Messrs . Oastler , Lewis , and Miller , for their attendance , and for their admirable speiclits . The propt'fition was canied by acclamation . A vote of thanks having been given to the Chairman , the meeting broke up .

      Meeting At Edinburgh. A Public Meeting O...

      MEETING AT EDINBURGH . A public meeting of the inhabitants of TSdinburgh was held on Thursday evening in the large Waterloo room , for the purpose of considering the propriety of petitioning Parliament in favour o : ' a Ten Hours Factory Bill . Sir James Forrest , Baronet , of Comiston , presided , ami on the platform nas Mr . Oastler , Air . Ferrand , M . P ., the Rev . Messrs . Begg and Leivis ( Free-Church clergymen ) , Mr . Malfland , ( one ofthe directors of the Edinburgh jimj Glasgow Railway ) , & c . Letters of apology Wfre read from various individuals . One was read from Mr . FUlden , M . P ., expressive of his vegvtt at not being able to be present . Anotb . tr was read from Mr , MacauUy , M , P ., stating that , to a certain cxtmt he agreed with the vh-ws of Mr . Fieldtn ' s Bill , but that it would be impossible for him to be in Edinburgh to at

      tend tha meeting . ( Cheers and hisses . ) Alerter was Hlso wad from Mr . llashleigli , M . P ., for Eaut Cornwall , expressive of his regret that private business detained him from coming to advocate the vi » ws of Mr . Fielden , A letter from the Rev . Dr . Condli-h ( Free Church ) , said , tlut while he could not be present , from oilier engagements , he begged to express his caii ' ded concurrence with the gcnti-iil oij « i-tsof thu nieitisg , and hi- high esteem far those who wi re . s >> f hilant ! ropicully employed , iu en . deaviitiiiug toreiiiuily the evil of excessive toil to which the u » : kiii ,-f cla-ises were subjected . He did not , of course . I'nti-tnit himself to the details of any particular uie . tsuu- -. bui lie had no hesitation in Kijiug , ttv . it , \ u his opinion , 'he r-iesent excessive amount of labour imposed uniin tin- :: rtizans and mechanics of their country , and

      upon children , i ' jruied a most serious barrier in tho way of all their efforts to promote religious and social instrm-iion among the raises , and to raise their moral , souiisl and iiitcllccuitil standing . The next letter read , was one from Mr . Gibson Craig , the other member for the city , who simply st-iteii , that hi ? engage-mem at the Traasury put it out of his power to be in Edinburgh . A lett . r ot ' sipolo ^ y hud nl- > o been received from . tLc , Rev . Aiiili-ew Tr . MiipMiu ( of the United Secession Church ) , expu .-= i : i r' his ngrct at 11 -t king al'i « lo be present . A letter « -u-ial-: 0 rend iron . Mi . Shariuaii Crani ' urd , stating that his i-iignzcnuuts iu Inland prevented his being nbl . ! to be in Edinburgh , hut that ho hoped to make up for it by his votes and speeches in Parliament upon the subject . The Cbawmak said that this meeting co :.-i ' ei ivu get a

      Meeting At Edinburgh. A Public Meeting O...

      honour upon ihe working classes of- "Edinburgh / TBiy had undertake the whole charge and management of it , and thoy bad been the means of bringing Mr . Oastler and Mr . Ferrand to Edinburgh . After some other remarks to show the importance of the work'ng classes having leisure moments , in order that they might acquaint themselves with those branches of knowledge which were essential to their well-being and to their usefulness as mein . bers of society ; he concluded by stating that ho did not come here to speak but to hear the statements that would be made by Mr . Oastler and Mr . Ferrand on the evils of the factory system .

      Mr . Oastich then came forward , and was greeted with lew ! applause . He said that he had come to Edinburgh at the bidding of the working men of the town ; be had been invited from his country by the working men of the different towns of Scotland , and he had been delighted to find that hitherto his mission in behalf of the most industrious and the most oppressed inhabitants of Great Britain , had received the favour of the inhabitants of Scotland . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Oastler then referred « o the great pleasure which he felt in the fact , that in Scotland and in England , the higher and the middle classts were following together in sympathy for the benefit of the producers of the wealth of their country . Mr . Oastler then proceeded atsomeltngth to detail tho evils of the

      factory system before any legislative ennetment was introduce d , remarking that it was worse than negro slavery . He then dwelt upon what he considered to be the objee tionnble features of tho present system , and said that notwithstanding the grievances which they had already been the means of redressing , this work of those who were in favour of a limitation of hours was not yet done . There were still children above thirteen years of age , and women were subjected to twelve hours' daily labour ; two hours more than was required from able-bodied niechinics . After adverting to the pernicious influence which these long hours must have upon both the bodice and minds of the rising generation , Mr . Oastler said that all they asked for was to reduce these hours to ten hours .

      Me . Ferband , M . P ., next addressed the meeting , amid great applause , at some length , and asked the evidence of manufacturers , and others in proof of the injurious effects of the factory system , and referred to the numer . ous cases of accidents which occurred from children fall , ing in among the machinery from over exhaustion . He called upon the workmen of Edinburgh to co-operate in this movement with their brethren in England , and said that ho w « s sure that a seed had been sown here wbich would produce good fruit . The resolutions ' were deferred to another meeting intended to be holden on Monday , in the largest hall in Edinburgh . Thanks to Mr . Oastler , Mr . Ferrand , and the Chairman , concluded the proceedings at tbe above meeting .

      Great Meeting Of The Short Time Delegate...

      GREAT MEETING OF THE SHORT TIME DELEGATES , Manchester , Monday , Dec . 28 —Yesterday ( Sunday ) a numerous meeting ef delegates from the manufacturing districts of Lancashire , Yorkshire , Cheshire , an »! Derbyshire , was held in a school-room , Great Ancoatsstreet , in this town , and by adjournment at the Woodman ' sjHut Inn , for the purpose of considering what steps were to be taken to promote the measure this session . There were delegates present from the following places , in the whole fifty-six In number : —Lancashire , C . S . T . ft , Bolton Spinners Central , Manchester , No , I ; Ditto ,

      No . 2 ; Bolton , S . T . C ., ' Bolton Spinners , Rochdale S . T , C , Oldham S . T . C , Ditto Spinners , Ashton spinners , Preston S . T . C , & c . ; Chorley S . T . C , Bury , S . T . C , Heywood S , T . C , Todmorden S . T . C , Lees Spinners , Waterhcad Mill Spinners , Macclesfield S . T . C , Littleboroueh S . T . C , Hindley Spinners , Padiham , Lowerhouse , Openshaw , Newton Moor , Shaw Chapel , Stockport Spinners , Dukinfleld , Oldham P . L . Weavers , Manchester S . and G ., Hooiey Bridge , Stalybridge , Burnley , Bradford , Huddersfield , Leeds , Lindley , Paddock , Golker , Raistrick , Fixby , Halifax , South Grassland , & c , Holmfirth , Dewsbury » nd Keighley by letter .

      The proceedings commenced at ten o clock , and the meeting so numerous , it was deemed desirable that there should be a chairman and deputy . cbairman . It was unanimously rrsolveil , that the chairman of the Lancashire Central Short Time Committee should preside , and that the rice-chair should be filled by the chairman of the Yorkshire Central Short Time Committee . The Chiishan , in opening tbe proceedings , said they had once more met on the important question of the Ten Hours' Hill , He hoped that tht delegates would be cool iu their deliberation , but resolved in their actions . The time had come when the people of the manufacturing districts should bestir themselves , and make a final and successful effort to carry their cause . He regretted that they were compelled to meet on tha Sunday , but such was the nature ot their occupation that it was quite out of their power to assemble on any other day . Ha then read a letter from Charles Hindley , Esq ., M . P .

      The Dem « ate from the Lancashire Central Short Time Committee moved the first resolution . He said that the resolution which he bad to propose was one which was usually adopted at such meetings , and as far as he was concerned , he would never relax in his exertions until the o' ject was obtained . He then moved the following resolution : — " That this meeting of delegates from the manufacturing districts of Lancaster , York . Chester , and Derby , assembled for the purpose of promoting the Ten Hours ' , Bill , again express our di-termina . tion never to relax in our exertions until a bill to limit the hours of factory labour to ten hours a day for five days in the week , and eight on the Saturday , be obtained fratn the legislature , believing that we are justly entitled to protection to those limits . " * Mr . John leech , of Huddersfield , bri ' fly seconded the resolution , which was unanimously carried .

      The Delegate from Lvttleborough , moved the secoid resolution : — " The experience of the last thirty . five yenrs , in promoting this measure , warrants this m-ting of delegates from tbe manufacturing districts of Lancaster , York , Chester , and Derby , in believing that the rejection of the measure last session , aud the means adopted by the government , by which our friends in Parliament . were defeated , has stimulated the operatives throughout tho country to still further exertions than they have ever before made , and this meeting are convine- d that the cause which has assembled them together is in accordance with every priiiciple [ of justice , humanity and religion . The Delegate , from Oldham seconded the resolution .

      - The Delegate from the fine spinners of Manchester , was pleased with the terms ef the resolutions . He could not see that any objection could be made to them . If ever there was a time when the Ten Hours 'Bill was m . cessnry it was now . He could well recollect that when he first worked in a mill , in the room ia which he worked there were four men and sixteen piecers , and he lived to work the whole of the machinery in the same room him . self by the assistance of eight piicers ; and he" farther added that he , by the increased speed of the machinery , and consequently increased labour , turned off as much work now as the whole of the four men and sixteen piecers . Such was the tear and wear of the human constitution under this oppressing toil that when a man arrived at the age of forty he could never again obtain work in a cotton mill ou account of his age . The resolution was then put and carried unanimously . The same Delegate , after having explained the principles of the bill of which Mr , Fielden had given notics , moved the third resolution , which was as follows : — .

      "That this meeting , having beard the principles of Mr . John Fis-lden ' s Bill explained , which directs that on and after the passing of the Act all mills shall at once commence working eleven hours , and fixes the time of labour at ten hours In 1849 , are willing to accept it in the terms proposed . This meeting will , therefore , on buhulf of their constituents , use every means in their power to promote its passiug during the next session of Parliament . " The Delegate from Heywood seconded the resolution , and said he Relieved the Bill would give general satisfaction . To such an extent had the feeling in favour of the Bill increased , that he had no doubt but in that small town and the neighbourhood 110 few . r than 40 , 000 signatures would be attached to their petitions . The Delegate from Littleborough supported the rosolution , and denied , to accept the Bill as it was framed , as any departure from the Ten Hours' Bill ; if it were , he would be the last man in the world to sanction it .

      The Delegate from Bradford , was instuicteil to support ten hours , but with a view of avoiding opposition , his constituents consented to atcfpt the Bill in lis present shape . This concession was merely lo suit the prejudices of those opponents who did not nuderstsnd the factory question . The resolution was carried unanimously , as were also the following : — "Thatit being tho constitutional right of Englishmen to be heard in the councils of their country by petition ; this meeting resolve to urge the factory workers in every mill , in every town , aud in every district , to prepaie petitions without delay , and forward them to Parliament , prnjing for the passing of the Ten Hours' Bill as proposed by Mr . Fielden . "

      " That with a view of supporting Mr . Folding to carry his Bill , and of laying before the members of Parliament iha real wants and wishes of the factory workers , this meeting think it desirable that each county should oppoint and send to London delegates , whose duties shall be to advocate the passing of his bill , as the only measure nothing short of which will satisfy the factory workers . " After adopting votes of thanks to their parliamentary and other friends , tho meeting separated .

      Aberdeen. To The Editor Or The Northern ...

      ABERDEEN . TO THE EDITOR or THE NORTHERN STAR . Dear Sir , —I shall feel greatly obliged if you can give insertion to tbe following statement and ebservations on the subject of Mr . Oastler ' s tour through Scotland , in support of the principle of shortening the hours of labour in factories . The more immediate cause of this letter is , that ulfhoueh a great desire existed in this city to hear Mr . 0 . on the Short-time question , aim although he visited us , and was anxious to address the people of Abecib-cii ou this , his favourite measure , yet that to the great regret of all the parties concerned , no meeting took place . I am not aware whether Mr , Oastler put himself in eo ' . nmunic-. tion with parties in the other towns of Scotland , in sulHcicnt time to get all the arrangements for 11 ojd meeting mlly carried out , but whatever mav have bee . 1 the case ivith regard to the other towns , the oniissio . <; of this previous understanding with ragard to Aber-

      Aberdeen. To The Editor Or The Northern ...

      deen hss been productive of pui . iful consequences oa the present occasion . Although aware from what was said in the Star , that Mr , Oastler intended to visit Scotland , yet from the fact of no communications being received by anyone here on the subject , we supposed either that the visit of Mr . Oastler had been put off for some time , or that Aberdeen had been left out of his route . Judge then of our surprise , when on Friday tho 18 th , we received a letter from Glasgow , written by Mr . Petkfrthly on the I 3 th , that Mr , Oastler would visit Aberdeen to hold a public meeting , on Monday , the 21 st .

      Mr 0 , in the mean time had passed on from Glasgow to Dundee , and ws were requested by Mr . Potkcrthly , to communicate with him there . We immediately wrote off to Mr . Oastler , stating to him that in consequence of the roads having been partially blocked up by the snowstorm , we had not received the notice from Glasgow in time to allow us to get up the public meeting on the Monday , but stating to him that we would make all the preliminary arrangements for the meeting , but that owing to the state of the roads , we could not even depend on him being able to reach Aberdei n on the Monday , and that under these circumstances , we would not fix the night of meeting until we heard from him again .

      Mr , Oastler did not receive this letter , although it had ample time to reach him , being posted on Friday forenoon , and Mr . O , did not leave Dundee for Aberdeen until Sunday night . Mr . Oastkr wrote us on the Saturday , that he did not think he could reach Aberdeen in consequence of the roads being impassable with the snow —hut be did , however , manage to come , and arrived in Aberdeen about 8 o'clock on Monday morning . If we had known this , we would have strained every nerve to have got up the meeting even with that short notice , but wc did not learn that he had arrived until tkree o ' clock , when it was beyond our power to have got up a meeting for that night . We regretted all these disappointments the more , as we expected to hare got such an expression

      of public sympathy in favour of the measure , as has net been seen since the visit of Messrs , Duncombe and O'Connor . Mr . Oastler ' s visit was not , however , altogether lost , as he was introduced to the Rev . Sir William Dunbar—who was to hare filled the chair , —and also to Professor Blackie , with whom he spent the evening , and innoculuted them with a portion of his on n fervour and enthusiasm in favour of the cause , —so that if we c . uld get a visit from Mr . Ferrand , or some other Lion in the cause , there could be no doubt of an overwhelming expression of public opinion in its favour . I am , dear Sir , Tour s respectfully , Jakes Mac ? iikrson .

      Comspmtfieme,

      Comspmtfieme ,

      To The Roman Catholic Hierarchy Of Irela...

      TO THE ROMAN CATHOLIC HIERARCHY OF IRELAND .

      Right Rev . and Rev . Sirs , In my first letter addressed to you I stated that nothing short of political power for the whole male population , or the principles of the Charter would ever be successful as a " means to an end" to remove the burthen of grievances off the shohjers of Ireland . The analogy betwixt cause and effect is toe clear and convincing for even the most sceptical or bigotttd to deny the ' truth of this assertion , and thus I will rest upon my position as 1 well know there isno power of reasoning or of logic wbich can defeat it . Sophistry may do its worst ; slander may spit its envenomed malice ; expediency may twaddle an ' , simper ; and " self-interest may" whine and grumble ; it may even snarl and try to bite , but like the

      " House built upon a Rock ; the rain descended and the floods came and beat upon that house ; IT FELL NOT . " Truth is invulnerable and invincible I—According to Moses , when tbe great Author ot our existence placed man upon the earth he gave him unlimited power over everything it contained , and the Roman Catholic Catechism states that , " The world was created for man ' s use and benefit . " When man transgressed and was cast out of Paradise , the world was set before him to choose where he wished to fix his abode , and although tbe curse pronounced upou him for his disobedience amounted to the hard condition of being henceforth subjected to a life of toil , it did not amount to a prohibition to reap the fruits of his labour if he chose to cultivate the earth for his subsistence . If we take a rapid view of tbe history of mankind we will find , as I stated in my last letter , that society , from the earliest ages , bad its willing idlers , and was subject to their ravages and encroachments ; whenevsr artifice was likely to ensure their

      possession ot the " needful" they used it , but where force was necessary , they | scrupled not to wade to their object through the blood of their fellow creatures ; from indi . vldual murders spring wholesale butcheries , and man familiarised with blood wi-nt forth in wantonness to exterminate his specits . Villainy became heroism , and rapine , spoliation , and bloodshed became appendages of Christianity !!! Wars of aggression were wars in which individuals or parties coveting the possessions of . . others and wishing to reap their advantages , endeavoured to wrest them from their possessors ; in these wars , the pur ties on the defer s ' ve were justified in opposing the invaders , provided fiey , themselves , had honestly acquired what they possessed . The great powers ef the world , from the earliest days , seldom f jught on either side for honour ( as it is called ) or far more love of fighting ; all fought more or less to obtain an extension of territory or to preserve their possessions . Alexander wept for other worlds to conquer . Napoleon wished to bring the world in subjection to his power .

      Russia covets tbe Caucasus ; the French Algeira . England covets!— 'She coveted Ireland , and each and every one shed blood to obtain their object . ' ! If God , in the old law , sanctioned wars of defence and restitution , and if , at the present day , both are deemed just by modern christians , and they must be so if tho new law is * type of the old , as is preached ; there cannot be any harm in 0 people rising up and demanding , in voices of thunder , restitution ofthe possessions which were wrung from them by force and fraud ; bloodshed and murder . ' Might will , of course , say No ; but RIGHT and necessity , by whieh I mean poverty and starvation , arc compulsory arguments , and will occasionally force degraded humanity to assume iss proper character , and more men to seek happiness from that source from which nature intended thei" wants should be supplied . The object of

      sunh men as ' Tell" and " Washington" was only to obtain possession for thoir people of the earth , the land they live in . They sought not for wealth or influence or power ; all they required was the " right to labour on God's <» rtb , " the only " right divine" which man has a right to acknowledge ! Ireland ought not to be an exceptionto the general rule , for so long as she has the power of producing food her people ought not to be hungry or indebted , to charity for subsistence . But Ireland is an exception , but not in theory , for she has land and that land ought to be the people ' s ; but she is an exception in practice , for she overlooked the main question of re-possession and restitution , and expends her energies 01 an ignus fahtus which the more it glimmers of hope the more deeply it decoys her from the proper path , and leads her into politics ! wretchedness and domestic misery .

      A true pa riot wonld labour to repossess himself of tbe land for his people : it should be his first and bis only object to which all others should be secondary . A true patriot would tell his people that labour is the first principle , and that land is the basis of all capital throughout tbe world ; that without it , MEN ARE EITHER BEGGARS OR SLAVES , and that without cultivation land would be valueless ! "Thorns and thistles shall it bring forth , < kc . " It is quite ctrtain that the Repeal leader knows the truth of this statement ; but so far from attempting to wrest the land out of the hands of its pnsent pro . prietois , to restore it to its lawful owners , he conspires with the landlords , and , both by precept and example , aids them to retain their monopoly against the people .

      This is a sweeping charge , you may say , to prtfer against a man who professes to seek " Ireland for the Irish , " and to be satisfied with nothing Las : but sweeping thi ugh it is , it is nevsrtheless true , and I chnllenee any n an in Ireland , who understands the question , ; o honestly differ with it ! " Ireland for the Irish" indeed 1 " College ( imvn " Is not Ireland ; nor a Parliament sitting there would not be Ireland for the Irish ; it is all moonshine and nonsense ! There is as much difference batwixt a Parliament in College Green and Ireland fi-r the Irish , as there is betwixt daylight and darkness . Of course I mean ; n O'Connell parliament , and a parliament Oected by universal suffrage . Daniel O'Connell knows this well He is a ''MIDDLE MAN " and a

      " RACK RENTER " !!! and if he had a parliament of class interests in Dublin , he would be able to provide for the safety of his own class ; but if the people had a par . liament , he knows that his possession in Inoriigh or Derrynane Abbey , aud his trade ' at Concilia tion ( what a perversion ) llall ^ would be both profitless , and like the Rent of the present day , become—" Small by degrees and beautifully less . " The people would tr , ke his profit rents to themselves , and could afford to do wi . houtpoli . ileal quacks , who pretend to mend holes in th . » constitution of the state , but who would condescend to mend the rool of an old hat , stuffed in Die window places of the miserable huts of his wretched tenants , which admit Unwind , but exclude the daylight . He is a bad glazier in his psrish . aud be is a w ,. tse politician for Ws county

      v Now , Rev . Sirs , can you tell me why a man why ' has to pay for tho support of his country , and who is liable to be called out to lose his life h , defence of it , 8 nould , M ( also have a voice in ranking , „«] ., „ „ lli ( , u com h b , to do either ono or the other ? Ifyot . make him t » av without this privilege , ) -.., ! vub turn , tuui if v « u make him tUUt to protect class miire-ts , and he is killed von murder him . If he were to pay lot- Self-government ' \ h- > case would he different , he would reap his proper share ofthe benefit , and if he wei « killed iu defence ot a ua lion ' s rights , instead of monopolists , he would die an honourable death , his last moments would he glori ms knowing he had died

      for the general good and in I U own defentv . If he have a voice as n free man , he will !> av « an interest in tho state ; if ho have lume , he will be a Klave ; and I deny the right of a slave to h- cmnpell-d to light for the mere privilege of beins ; a slave as his reward I deny his right in equity to l „ . taxed to supnort tiuiii cos ! sarily expensive institutions , trim , whieh he . derus no benefit , and if I may pmul i „ example , I would name the existence ot a large military force in Ireland , assisting to eat ii |) the little provisions whieh are in tho country , swallowing a va « t portion ct its scanty resources , nn ' , 1 producing nothing in return . But we rind Mr . O'Conu II in the height ot his agitation , expressing a w- s- . li that

      To The Roman Catholic Hierarchy Of Irela...

      the Government would send ovsr a large swarm of tta- «» "locusts" to ' eaUp everyfcreea thing , " on the miser . We plea that thoy WOuid " expend their shillings . " Their shillings ! How can men who produce nothing have shillings , unless they take them by force or fraud from those who earn them ! Those soldiers eat good beef and bread , whilst the poor Irish , who are dying of stsrva . tion , are kept at bayonet ' s length from the common ne ! cessariea of life , and if they ask for bread they are threatened with bullets , and yet , O shame ! the man who marshal those forces against his famishing country . men are O'Connell ' s best friends , and to their "Pa . TRONAGE "he has sacrificed their hopes of political re . demption . Mr . O'Connell seem * , howver , to have had forebodings of what must come at last . He knew that sooner

      or later the people would perceive that want of political power was the cause of their debasement , and thus to show a semblance of doing something towards rendering Repeal a national benefit , he propounded with his usual consistency , his numerous but ridiculous and unmeaning plans for an extension of the Suffrage . Ashamed per . har > s ( t ) of his treatment ofthe forty shilling freeholders , and in compensation for the failure of tho household Suffrage of the Reform Bill , he would give Ireland the advantages of a host of Suffrages , from the test of " Manhood , " down to the last new sample of " complete' - ism . He would give them a " fixity of tenure , " and Heaven knows what else beside;—anything but the one thing needful and invincible , the SUFFRAGE OF THE CHARTER ! If he would give " Manhood Suffrage" t 0

      the natitn , why did he not grant it to the Associates of the Repeal Association t Why did he establish his ascursed system of class privileges in Conciliation Hall , or shut the mouths of thcMES who paid their shillings , and allow others who possess little ' trace of humanity , save their shape , to vote upon questions , merely because they were his own tools—or because they may hare paid a little more money 1 Surely he will admit there were men amongst the Atsociates in Dublin and in England , and why excommunicate them from his pale for exercisin g a privilege to which they were intitled , that of expressing their sentiments in a manly manner t Why all this barefaced " lurking" of man's most nobla of privileges ? He is as great a tyrant as Nicholas , —and all his Suf , frages , his fixtures , and his nostrums , are not worth the paper it would take to notice them . So instead of

      troubling you with a recital of them , I will proceed to show yon how you may with certainty benefit your country , and place her in such a position , that she will care very little who rules , so long as she is happy . And why should she ! It is happiness she now wants , and which \ o \ i must aid her in truly obtaining . When the Chartershall have become law , and the Land the property of thepeopie , then will be an end of tyranny on the one hand , and treachery on the other . The slave market will close for ever in Ireland , and there will be a guarantee that every man will partake of a just share of ( be products of his labour , aud that those who now live upon public plunder , will « ith « r have to DIG or BEG fur subsistence 1 !! God grant it were to be so before to-morrow That such will be the result ETERNAL JUSTICE has decreed .

      I am , Right Rev . and Rev . Sirs , Tour most obedient Servant , W . H . CurroN .

      Mr. O'Higgins And The Young Irelanders T...

      MR . O'HIGGINS AND THE YOUNG IRELANDERS T « THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —For some time back I had entertained the f . ind hope that Irishmen had learned suffle ' ent iu the school of experience , under tho tuition of Mr . O'Connell , that they would shortly be enabled to set up in a respeet & ble and honourable way for themselves , bat , I must confer , that the origin of the correspondence relative to Mr , O'Higgins in last week ' s Star leaves an impression oa m ) mind vcrv diftVrent from any thiag that I should be inclined to term either respectable or honourable , I should not have expected that a gentleman who but the other day advocated a " clear stage and no favour , " could so suddenly metamorphose himself into a new character , or , to use a law term , " step from the dock into the witness box . "

      No one expected Mr . M'Gec to advocate Chartism ; but why he should have stepped out of his way lo insult it is another question altogether , I look upon it as an unwarrantable intrusion to insult a great principle by charging a gentleman with being a physical force Char , tist , because he happens not to be a favoured guest , peculiarly invited to a public platform , and who , perhaps , hail no inclination to place himself in such a pillory , to » bjure "before God and the world" the doctrine of physical force ! and by ono , too , whose own veracity had just come forth from such an awful ordeal ! If gentlemen in " committee" have been for the last four years sapping the rotten foundation of a profligate system , they should

      not consider the miners outside , who have worked oponly and manfully in a more dangerous shaft as only deserving of insult , —for my-own part , I believe that if the fruits ofthe late victi . ry at the Rotunda were thrown into a sieve , and well sifted , it would be found that the more useful and substantial grains were contributed by the indefatigable exertions of Mr . O'Higgins , I have endea . voured to aid the Young Ireland party for the same reasen that I offer this meed of merit to Mr . O'Higgins , because I knew they were misrepresented and belied ; but it would be inconsistent , nay , more treacherous adulation to approve of that conduct in Mr . MGee , which has hurled from n high place in a people ' s affections the name of O'Connell !

      Chartism is an heir-loom in the human family . The title-deed of our unjustly withheld rights , and must n & t suffer , at least , uncalled for insult while in the possession of its vota ' ries . O'Connell has set priest against priest , and bishop against bishop ; but will Mr . M'Gee complete this work by setting layman against layman ? On getting rid of the" splendid phantom " we want a national substance , and woe be to those who will blast a second time a people ' s hope . Is the long insulted flag of Ireland's nationality again to become the emblem of a party ? Is the Wh g devii-f , divide aud conquer , ' to be substitutt d for the hallowia watch cry , "Liberty to all . " Is tho new H- peal bridge to be built merely for the passage ofthe select few , if so , mayhap it is as well to remind the architects of the "comeatable materials , " besides those who may be excluded may not always be imbued with sufficient patience to

      " Wai * like the rustic till the rivers dried . " I am , Sir , your ' s truly , L . T . ClANCT London , December 30 th , JS 46 ,

      The " Weekly Dispatch." To The Editor Of...

      THE " WEEKLY DISPATCH . " TO THE EDITOR OF TEE NORTHERN STAIS . So that emasculated liberal newspaper , the jyispcteh , has made an attack on democratic principles "for ail nations , " by stepping aside and raking upyouthlul speeches , warm , ardent , sincere , and impassioned , when remarking on the horrible tyranny of the oli garchy to a patient , industrious , and plundered people . When reflecting on the increasing poverty of the people , and their slow murder or imprisonment in a union bastile—a people willing and anxious to labour—receiving the worst of food and clothing in return for their health and sinews ; whose blood does not boil « and , in youth , who has such a fri gid soul as not to pant for the " immediate extinction of such injustice and cruelty r Did net

      Tell , Massaniello , Washington , snd other * so act t Ouglt , then , no excuse to be made for the ardour of youth , mi re especially whui in ripened msnhood that individual is foremost and most incessant to accomplish th * fu . tfitir . i-nr of the aspirations of all right-minded men—liberty ail over the world ? Does not he labour to produce tfce same results as the Dispach pretends to ? Yes , but ! , e is sincere—the Dispateft hypocritical . Hud the ' lVspalci wished to befriend the exiles of liberty , had i ; bun as d esirous to attvtid the meetings whore truth wassp ' . kt ::, it would have sought with iqual avidity the splendi . iiwd largely attended soirees of the Democratic Socictv , ts it does where a title presides , and wealth spouts forth its doubtful sympath y for the banished and brave Poles .

      The Dispatch declares it never advocated I ' niverf . il Suffrage , Annual Parliaments < bc . As the Dispatch is v « political economist , it would stand by * ixl allntr * wntlitrds of the dinner or every industrious labourer to be taken from him , and not permit a remonstrance un "' the poor man , whose every moment is occupied , Income * —educated ! Out upon such trilling , such patteiing . such destruction , sm > , t , ranny . 1 only deiirc oue thin * to happen that 1 might enj „ y the fun . I should like tie erudite editor of the nU pateh to enter the meeting of a Benefit Society of working men , mnnv tlf „ llom LVI , ; J wither read nor writ-, a , id lot the harmed editor u-1 them they are too ignorant to vote who shall be officers ol then- society , or how tin ir money should be spent . Pa persuade him to this experiment . Vfhu is , or ourM to be , a nation but a Benefit Societv , ul . e .-i all coutributo , mirl where all should have a voice ?

      But the OwpnW , is writhing with uiMippointincnt as itsoraclum is treated with contempt . Tho niisfurturi ' of us former editor and the deaths of its origins ! 1 ' uUicola , and Cexsor ' ms huve pl » ce >! ii as an imbecile amiii-t the army ef the pr .- . « s . The t-u . day Times has supplantia its sporting notoriety ; Lloyd supplies its anecdote readers at half its price ] and the A ' orlnern SMr hii < ri > - listtd the true patriots v . Uuov > et brnovedtVie / IspalrU fuithiul pioneer of liberty . Thus , it now Hies « iih dipped wings , with tainted character , with befouled / r < ithm , the latter being its stain snd venom of filih ,

      whrreever patriotism s , nd truth arenoUontracted to the narrow compass of the IfopuM man ' s intellects . One -. vuo knows the DiM-sTi-ntRB .

      Luiu ,\-Sr> Ukard. — The Annalist Sr.Xe,...

      lUiu , \ -sr > Ukard . — The Annalist Sr . xe , iU iinn . 1130 , says that till nbmit the you-1 k in the (! crnians of distinction wore lone Iiair , bar those wi . s were then in Ciimp with Kina I / . tlur \\ A their KVr singed liy ) ij ;! itiiiiiir . aini ir became tin ? ' ; t < . ! . ii > n ul tci-Wiirila to wear short ii ;; ir . Tim . u ' .. t m : ; n who persuaded his fcllow-ciiiKo » s 10 shave inch- u-: ir ' . * hasii"t been ! i ; uu' . el do > v : i to posteritv , ] t is k . ' A 1 hat the proplj nenuraliv ^ licveil tlu ' it b ::: i' . e V ... 1 hcen in Hell , as his iv ; , r , l had al ; tl . e ni- ' . e . tr .- 'r-. " : ' ' ' ' t . aviuj ; b . 'vn miuvhi . i } u * \) Ml- , u - , () n ^' h-ad to V 0 fas hion of shaviti ,, - . i « r bc . iru ' s Hom-islicd Im :. - u' . ' . r his time . There is some iuc > iivcnieiiPe in : i' 0 ••' ' senco of a be . ml . J lie blacks of Xew So-. < t ! i Wa . V * , when ilia iirst cohy ' icisappeared tinioni' tlii-in . -ve : i ) much puu ' ed fur bi . inc time about the aw of th '' t-tfitnyet-si ' ro . 'u ' . heir having no jearils .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 2, 1847, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_02011847/page/6/