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William Penn.- an Historical Biography. ...
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Tear's Magazine. For April. London: Shri...
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PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. V ' . ¦ ¦ The Gir...
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EIGHTS OF WOMEN. / The Constitutional Co...
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FATHER GAVAZZl'S THIRTEENTH ORATION ON S...
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The want of goods is easily repaired; th...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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« « TtrH BHTME ON A ROUGH HATTER fi & BPa BP « J Jw Work entitled T « ort . ¦ £ iV « Wew . ' ^ ^ merry hrownrAr ' es came leaping 11 ^ S crest of ^ e hilJ ^ ^ V - ' * ^ e theclover ^ oom lay deepmg Tfeder the- mowibgnt still . ** * »« ninfflate and early , . ' •¦• • • lai und ^ r thetrbitaaadfteirtread ; 7 < r The swedes , and the wheat , and the . barley , ^ y cankereo ^ and trampled aid dead . a i nwcberVwidow . sat ^ lurig On Re side of the ^ hite cha ^ paTi K ; . "\ "Where , tinder the gloomy fa-woods , * '' ' One spot in the ley throre rank . ¦ "¦ ¦ ' "
« She watched a long tuft of clover , ; Tfliere rabbit of hare neyer ran ; " ¦'" ¦ ¦ ¦ j for its black sour haulmcovered oyer The blood . of a , murdered man . j ;; ! She thought of the dark plantation ,. - -, - - And the hares , and herhusband ' s blood , ^ d the voice of her indignation , ! JLose up'to . the throne of God . , c . " I ana long past wailing and whining—• I have wcptfop much in my life : Tre had twerity ^ yeare of pining As an English labourer ' s wife . "A labourer in Christian England "Where they cant of a & viour ' s name , And yet waste men ' s lives like the vermin ' s For : a few more brace of game .
" There ' s blood on yonr new foreign shrubs , squire ; . ¦ -. : - : ¦ „ There ' s blood on your pointers * feet ; . There ' s blood on the game you sell , squire , . . And there ' s blood on" the game yon eat ! " Ton haye sold the labouring man , squire , Body and soul to shame , -. " . " ' . To pay for your seat in the House , squirej And to pay for the feed of your game . ¦ :: < ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ '¦ "Ton made him a poacher yourself , squire , When you'd give neither work nor meat ; And your barley-fed hares robbed the garden . At our starving cMilren ' s feet ; '; y " "When packed in one reeking chamber , Man , maid , mother , and little ones lay ; "While the rain pattered in on the rotting bridfr : bed , """' - ' . '"
And the walls let in the day ; " When we lay fn the burning fever On the mud of the cold clay floor , Till you parted us all for three months , squire , At the cursed workhouse-door . «» "We quarrelled like brute ? , arid wko wonders ? "What self-respect could we keep , - ; \ : " : ' WorsehousedthMyoufhacksand yourpointerB , Worse fed than your hogs and your sheep ? - " Our daughters with base-born babies ! Have wandered away , in their shame ; If your misses had slept , squire , where they did , Tour muses might do the same . - " Can your lady patch hearts that are breaking "With handfnla of coals and rice , _ Or by dealing out flannel and sheeting A little below cost-price ? :
" Ton may tire of the gaol and the workhouse , And take to allotments and schools , But you ' ve run up a debt that will never . ¦ . --Be repaid us by pennyHJlub rules . "In the season of shame and sadness , In the dark and dreary day , When scrofula , gout , arid madness , Are eating your race away ; " When to kennels and liveried varlets Ton have cast jour daughters' bread , And , worn ont with liquor and harlots , Tour heir at your feet lies dead ; _ .-- ' " When your youngest , themeaUy-mqutherl . rector , - " -i ¦" - . Lets your soul rot asleep to the grate , You will find in your God . the protector Of the freeman you fancied your slave . "
She looked at the tuft of clover , And wept till her heart grew light- ; And at last , when her passion was over , Went wandering into the / night . But the merry brown hares came leaping Over the uplands still , ' Where the clover and corn lay sleeping On the side of the white chalk hill .
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William Penn.- An Historical Biography. ...
William Penn .- an Historical Biography . By William Hepworth Dixon . London : Chapman and Hall . ' ' ¦ Vests was s remarkable man ; for although Pox founded Quakerism , -Penn shaped it * endowed it -with decent grace , and made it presentable . His embodiment of a great principle connected him with events that "were great in themselves , and were to be greater hereafter . An active mind , a capacity for affairs , the genial taste which is now known as wet Quakerism , with a handsome allowance of the "wisdom
of the serpent , associated him with nobles and princes . These features g ive interest to his character arid career . - There was something striking also in the persons connected with Mm .: His father , Admiral Penn , was ai thorough seaman , rather than a naval genius : a favourite both of Charles and James , who entirely trusted him—and rightly , foralthough he offered to betray Cromwell , he had no means of betraying them . The royal brothers personally liked him ; -which might be without impugning their judgment , as the Admiral was a complete man of the world . The famil y of William Penn ' s first wife was remarkable :
and Gulielma Spnngett herself , besides her own graces , was a neighbour of Milton at Chalfont , and a sort of platonie and knightly flame of his friend - Elgood . The religious ferment of the age , the leading princi ples and peculiar practices of the fanatical Quakers , the state of Protestant Dissent abroad , and many collateral circnmstances connected with the foundation and fortunes of Pennsylvania , if not absolutely essential to Penn ' s biography , may appropriately be introduced to relieve and vary it * All this is skilfully , though too artificially , done by Mr . Dixon .
Admiral Penn had fished in the troubled waters of the Commonwealth and the Restoration with some success ; and be had built hia hopes apoa his son William , as capable of worthily representing the famil y he was to found and tbe peerage ( of Weymouth ) he was promised . No expense was sp ared upon his education , no management omitted to introduce him to courtly and noble connexions ; and during Penn ' s successive internal reli gions struggles , aud several outward changes from drabcoloured reli gion and back again , tbe Admiral , in spite of his anger , adopted -the most conciliatory measures , endeavouring to divert Ms son from his fanaticism rather than to force
Tbe circumstances under which he was con . verted are curious . While at Oxford he met with Thomas Loe , a preacher of the princi ples of George Fox . Young Penn became partly attached to the princi p les of Nonconformity ; —but the influence of his family prevailed over him for a time . For services to the State , his father the Admiral had received the forfeited property of Lord Clancarth y in the Coaatv of Cork , —where he resided for some time at Maeroom Castle . That property was . afterwards exchanged for Shangarry Casile , in the same county ; and thither was young Penn sent by his father in order to be out of the wav of the Puritans .
While the Admiral in England was exulting over the success of this measure , his son , during one of his frequent visits to Cork , heard of the preaching of Thomas Loo , his old Oxford acquaintance , went and heard him , and from that night he became a " Quaker in heart at least , " The Duke o f Ormonde was then Viceroy of Ireland , — -and the Duke ' s family took great interest in young Penn . What took place on the intelligence reaching Dublin that William Penn had turned Quaker is thus described b y Mr . Dixon : —and nothing can well be wore dramatic . —
His friends at the vice-regal court were greatly distressed a ; this untoward event The earl wrote off to the admiral to inform him of his son ' s danger , stating the . bare f'cts just , as , they , had come- to his knowledge . The family were thunderstruck . The' father especially was seriously aunojed ; he tlwnrht the hoy ' s conduct not only rind hut what w asi far worse in . thai libertine age—ridiculous . The world was beginning to laugh at him and his family : —he could bear it no longer . He wrote in peremptory terms , <^ Iing him to London . William
William Penn.- An Historical Biography. ...
obeyed without ' a word of expostulatiohi AVthe first interview between father and son nothtng ^ was said on th > ' subject which ? both " hadJso much ! at heart . . The'admiral- ; scrutiniged the youth with searching eyes . - ^ -and as he observed no . change hi his costume , nor in his manner any of that fornial stiffnessi which he thought the ' only distinction ot tbe abhorred sect , ' he felt re-auured . His son was still dressed like a-gentleman ; he : wore lace and raffles , plume and rapier : the graceful curls of the cavalier still fell in natural clusters about his neck and shoulders : —he began to , hope , that his noble ' correspondent had erred in hlsfriendlyhaste ; but , a few days served to dissipate this illusion ; ' Be was first struck with'the circumstance that his son
omitted to uncover in the presence of his elders and superiors ; and with somewhat of indignation and impatience in his . tone , demanded an interview and an explanation : William frankly owned thai "he was now a Quaker . ' The admiral'laughed at the idea ; and treating fit as a passing fancy , ' tried-to reason him out of it . But he mistook his strength : The boy was the better theologian and the more thorough roaster of all the weapons of controversy ! He then fell back on his own- leading motives . "A Quaker ! "¦ " Why the Quakers abjured worldly titles , —and he expected to'be made a peer 1 Had the boy turned Independant , Anabaptist , —anything but Quaker , he might have reconciled it . to his conscience . Buthehad made himself one of a sect remarkable only for absurdities which ' would ' close on him every door in ' courtlycircles . ' Then there was that question of the hat . Was he to believe that his own son : would . refuse to uncover in his
presence ? The thing was quite . rebeliious and unnatural . And to crown all , —how would he behave himself at Court ! Would he wearbishat in " the royal presence ? William paused ; He asked * an hour to consider his answer , —and withdrew to his own chamber . ' . This enraged the admiral more than ever .. What ! a son of bis ; could hesitate at : sucn a question 1 . Why , this was a question of breeding —not of conscience . Every ' child uncovered to his fathcr ^ -every subject to his sovereign . 'Could any man with the feelin ? s and education of a gentleman doubt ? -Andtbia boy—for whom be had worked so hard—had won " such interest—had . opened such A brilliant prospect—that he , with his practical and cultivated mind , should throw away his golden opportunities fdrainere wbinisy !• * He felt' that his patience was sorely tried . After a time spent in solitude and prayer , the ; young man returned to his father , with" the result of his meditation—a refusal , The indignant admiral , turned him out of doors .
Mr . Dixon ' s sixth chapter will have an especial attraction for many readers , as it re-, cords the political connexion subsisting between Algernon'Sydney and : Penn ,. and g ives a graphic . . statement of . the stirring politics of the times when the great Eepublican lived . . Penn zealoueiyv supported , the political interests of Sydney : —and tbe ; reader : wiu find that electioneering . 'in the . seventeenth , century was accompanied by as disgraceful incidents as have called down-reprobation in our own times .
DisgustediwitU-the scenes thus enacted at home , Penn ^ onceived the idea of founding , a free community uf' -the , IjTew World .. A free colony to all mankind , in which the sovereignty should rest with the people at large ,: and without any privileged order , —such was the Uto pia of PenHj-r-such his , first conception of Pennsylvania . - ' , In . Mu of money doe . to his father from government , he proposed to take from the King ' s Council a piece of territory on the Atlantic seaboard . ' His wishes were met : —and he . became at once a legislator and a colonial proprietor . As will be expected , the history of Penrfs proceedings in Pennsylvania , occupies , a . considerable portion of Mr . Dixon ' s volume . -, Of the famous conference , and treaty between Penn and the Indians , Mr .. Dixon gives the followinganimated narrative : — ...
This conference-has become one of the most striking-scenes . inhistory . . Artists have painted , poets have sung , philosophers have applauded it ; but it is nevertheless clear , ' that in words and colours it has been-equally arid generally misrepresented , because painters , poets , and historians have chosen to draw on their imaginations for the features of a scene every marking line of which they might have recovered from authentic sources . The great outlines of nature are easily obtained . There , the dense masses of cedar , pine , and chesnut , stretching far away : into the interior of the land ; here ,. the noble river-. rolling its waters down to the Atlantic ocean ; along its surfice rose the purple smoke of the settlers' homesteads ; on the opposite
shores lay the fertile and settled country of East ' Sew Jersey . ; Here stood' the gigantic elm which jrasto become immortal from that day forwar dand there lay the verdant council-chamber formed by nature on the surface of the soil . In the centre stood William Penn ; in costume , undistinguished from the surrounding group , " save by the silken sash . His costume was simple , but not pedantic or ungainly . An outer coat , reaching to ' the - knees , and covered with buttons ; a ^ yest of other materials , but equally , ample ; trousers extremely fall , slashed at the sides , and 4 ied with strings or ribbons ; a profusion of shirt sleeve and ruffles—with a hat of the cavalier shape ( wanting only the feather ) , from beneath ' the brim of which escaped
the curls of anew peruke—were its chief and not ungraceful-ingredients . At'his-right hand was Colonel Markham , who had met the Indians in council more than once on : that identical spot , and was regarded by them as a firm , and faithful friend ; on his left Pearson , the intrepid companion of his voyage ; and near his person ,, but a little backward , a hand of his most attached adherents . ' "When the Indians approached , in their old forest . cos-turne , their bright feathers sparkling in the sun , and . their bodies painted in the most , gorgeous manner ,, the governor received them with the easy dignity of one accustomed * to mix with European courts . As soon as the reception was over , the sachems retired to a short distance , and after a brief
consultation among . themselves , Taminent ,. the . chief sachem or king , a man whose virtues are still remembered by the sons of the forest , advanced again a few paces , and put upon his own head ' a chaplet , into which was twisted a small horn : this cbaplet was his symbol of power ; and in the enstoms of tbe Lenni Lenape , whenever the . chief placed it upon his brows , the . spot became at once sacred , and the person of every one present inviolable . The venerable Indian king then seated himself on the ground ; with the older sachems on his right and left ; the middle-aged warriors ranged themselves in the form of a crescent , or half-moon , round them ; , and the younger men . formed a third and outer- semi-circle .
All being seated in this picturesque and striking order , the old monarch announced to the governor that the natives were prepared to hear and consider his words . Penn then rose to address them , his countenance beaming with all the pride of manhood . He was at this time thirty-tight years old , light and graceful in form ; " the handsomest , best-lookinir , most lively gentleman she had ever seen / ' wrote a lady who was an eye-witness of tbe ceremony . He addressed them in their own language ; tab topics were few and simple ; and the beauty of his ideas would compensate with such an audience for the minor errors of diction . . The Greit Spirit , he said , who ruled in the heaven to . which good men go after death , who had made them and him out of nothing , and who knew every secret thought that was in the heart of white man or red man , knew that he and his children had a strong desire to live
• n peace , to be their friends , to do no wrong , but to serve them in every way to tbe extent of their power . As the' Great sp irit was the ; common Father of all , he wished them to live together not merely as brothers , as the children of a common parent , but as if they were joined with one head , one heart , one body , together : that if ill was done to one , all would suffer ; if good was done to any , all would gain . He and his children , he went on to say , never used the rifle or trusted to the sword : they met the red men on the broad path of good faith and good-will . They intended to do no harm , and they had no fear in their hearts . They believed that their brothers of the . red race were just , and they were prepared to trust in their friendship . He then unfolded the writing of the treaty of friendship , and explained its clauses one after the other . It recited that from that dav the
children of Onas and the nations of the Lenni Lenape should be brothers to each other—that all paths should be free and open , —that the doors of- the white men should be open to the red men , and the doors of the red men should be open to the white men , —that the children of Onas should not believe any false reports of the Lenni LenapG , nor the Lenni Lenape of the children of Onas , — but should come and see for themselves as brothers to brothers , and bury such false reports in a bottomless pit—that if the Christians should hear of anything likely to be of hurt to the Indians , or the Indians hear of any thing likely to-harm the Christians , they should run , like true friends , and Jet tbe other know , —that if any son of Onas were to do
any harm to any red skin , or any red skin were to do harm to a son of Onas , the sufferer should not offer to right himself , but should complain to the chiefs and to Onas , that justice might be declared by twelve honest men , and the wrong buried in a pit with no bottom , —that the Lenni Lenape should assist tho white men and the white men should assist the Lenni Lenape against all such as would disturb them ordo thcm'hurt . ^ -and lastlj , that both Christiana avid Indian should , tell their children of this league and chain Of friendship , that it ' sholild grow stronger and strongcrjan'd . bsfkeptbrighfraiid clean ; withoutrustorspot . while the watefsrandowri the creeks and rivers , and while the sun and moon and stars endured . He then laid the scroll on the
William Penn.- An Historical Biography. ...
ground ; What King Taminent replied is not known ? escept that , in substance , he was favourabltfto the views of Penn .- - / The sachems received hiB ; prpposal with decent gravity , and accepted it for themselves and for their children . No ' oaths ; ho seals ; no official mummeries were used ; the treaty ! was ratified on both sides with a yea , yea—the only one / says'ToItaire , that the world has known hever . sworn toand never broken . This scene remained to the two races who were witnesses and actors in it , an inheritance . of good-will and honourable pride for an entire century . From year to year , says the Venerable h . isto ^ rianof the Six' -Natioris , Heckeweider , th ' e sachems assembled their children in the woods , in a shady spot as like as they could-find" to that in which the
great , Onas ; had conferred with them , when they would spread ' out his words or speeches on a blanket or clean piece of bark , and repeat the whole again and aeaintd their great satisfaction "; ¦ In ' a few years Penn going beyond seas and never returning became to them a sort of mytbical personage ; , theynot . only held ; his memory in the greatest . veneration , . but treated the ' ^ whole body of white men with niore kindness for his sake . ' To btf ' a follower of Onas was at all times a passport to their ' p iotectioh' and hospitality . " ' Nor 'have his own' countrymen' been less indebted or less : grateful to the- Great Treaty ; To it , and to the strictness with-which its provisions were maintained by ! Penn , is owing that striking fact ' recbrded by Bancroft--tnat while ' overy
other colony in the New World was visited in turn by' the horrors' of . ; Indian " , warfare , no ; . drop "of Quaker blood was ever shed by ; a red man < in : Pennsylvania .. It is humiliating to the pride of the , white man to think that one of his race should have been the first to break this , noble league of peace . Forty years after the' famous treaty , arid five years after the death of Onas , one of his unworthy children murdered the first red man who lost his life in Pennsylvania . ¦ The deed was ' attended with circumstances of unusual atrocity . ; . but it shows ura ' strikirig light 'the' povrer of a noble M-ntimeh't ; that the Indiana themselves prayed that'the murderer ' s-life might' be ' spared . "It was spared ?; but he died in a very short . time ; and they
then said , *? , The . Great , spirit had avenged their brother ! . " ... The venerable ' elm-tree under . which the meeting took place served to mark the spot until the storm of 1810 threw it ' to the ground . It measured twenty-four feet in girt , and was found to be then two hundred ! and eighty-three years old . A piece of it was sent home to the Penn , family , by whom it was mounted on a pedestal with appropriate inscriptions ; and the remainder was manufactured into vases , work-stands , and other relics ; how ! " held ' sabred by their possessors . A plain granite monument has since been erected on the spot , inscribed on each face with fourvshort and simple sentences . commemorative of the Great Treaty .. . .. " . . ' _ ' " ' ' "
Beyondthe absurdity of refusing to * uncover and . the affectation of / fleeing and . fAouing , Penn . had not much of the Quaker starch . In his youth he ' wore love-locks , in his age a wig he had a taste 'for ,, strong , drinks , as . well as other creature comforts ; a liking for : the pomps and vanities of this wicked world . Mr . Dixon has collected a variety of particulars of the style ,. of . Hying of 'Hfe Governor , " in Pennsylvania ; after describing the house and grotmds ,-. he continues as follows .: — ¦ ~ , .
- The furnishing of Pennsbury was to match . Ma-, hoeany . was a luxury then unknown ; but his spider tables and high backed carved chairs were of the finest oak ? An inventory of the furniture is still extant : there were a set of Turkey worked chairs , arm ' chairs for ease , and couches with plush and satin cushions for luxury and beauty .:, In the parlour stood the great leather chairof the proprietor ; in every room were found cushions arid curtains of satin . ' camlet , damask , arid striped lineri ; and there is a carpet mentioned as ' being in one apartment ; though at that period such an article was hardly ever seen except in the palaces of kings .. His ? sideboard furniture was also , that of agehtleman :, it . included a service of silver , plain but . massive , blue
and . white china , a complete set of Tunbndge ware , and a-great quantity " of damask table cloths , ' and fine napkins . " The table was served as became his rank , plainly but plentifully . ; Ann Nichols was his c 0 ok ; . and he used to observe , in his pleasantry , •' , the book of cookery has outgrown the Bible , and 1 fear is read oftener ; to be sure , it is of more use . " But he was ho favourer of excess , because , as he said , "it destroys hospitality and wrongs the poor . " The French cuisine , then in great . vogue , was a subject of his frequent ridicule . ? The sauce is now prepared before . the meat , " says he , in his maxims '; " twelve' pennyworth of flesh with five shillings of cookery mny happen to make a " fashionable dish . Plain beef arid mutton is become dull
food ; but by the time its natural relish is lost in the crowd of cooks' ingredients , and the meat sufficiently disguised from the eaters , it passes under a French name for a rare dish . " - His cellars were well stocked ; , Canary , Claretj Sack , and Madeira , being the favourite wines " consumed by his family arid their guests . Besides these nobler drinks , there was a plentiful ' supply , oh all occasions ' , of Indian or general festivity , of ale and cider ! Penn ' s own wine seems to have been Madeira ; and he certainly bad no disliko to the temperate pleasures of the table . In one of his , letters to his steward , Sotcher , he writes : — " Pray send us some two or three smoked haunches , of vehispn ' and pork—get fcbemfrom the Swedes : also some smoked shads
and beefs ;" . adding , with delicious unction , . the old priest at Philadelphia had rare shads . " ... For travellings the family had a large coach ; but in consequence of the badness of the roads , even those between Pennsbury ' and Philadelphia , it was seldom used ; a ' calesh ; - in which they chiefly drove about' ; and a sedan-chair , in which Hannah and Letty went a-shopping in the city , or ; to pay visits of ceremony , to their female , acquaintance in the near neighbourhood . The Governor himself , went about the country on horseback , and from one settlement to ' another'in his yacht . Heretainedtbe passionfor boating ,, which , he-had acquired at Oxford , to the last ; and that love of fine horses which the Enelvmroan shares , with the Arab did not for ;
sake him in the 2 few World . ' At bis 'first , visit to America , he carried over three blood mares , afirie white -horse not of full breed , and other inferior animals , not for breeding but for labour / ' His inquiries about the mares were as frequent-and minute as those about the gardens ; and when he went out for the second time , in 1699 , he took with him the magnificent ' colt Tamerlane , by the celebrated Godolphin Barb ! to which the best horses in England trace their pedigree . Yet Tamerlane himself could not win his master ' s affections from his yacht --a fine vessel of six oars , with a' regular crew , who : received their wages as such , and well deserved them while the Governor was in the country . In giving some - directions about his house and effects after his return to England , he writes of this yacht — "i But above all dead things , I hope nobody uses
her on any account , and that fhe is kept in a dry dock , or at least covered from the weather . " The dress and habits of the Penns at Pennsbury had as little of the sourness arid formality which have been ascribedto the early followers of George Fox as the mansion and its furnishings . There was nothing to mark them as different to most . wellbred families of high rank in England and America at the present day . Pennsbury was renowned throughout the . couritry for its judicious hospitalities . The ladies dressed like gentlewomen ; wore caps and buckles , silk gowns and golden ornaments . Penn had no less , than four wigs , in America , all purchased in . the same year , at a cost of nearly twenty pounds . To innocent dances and country fairs he not only made no objection ! but countenanced them by his own and his family ' s presence .
In the fulfilment of his task Mr . Dixon has displayed great industry and great ability . He has made use of all . channels of information which modern publication has offered to him , whether directly , as in American publications on Penn and Pennsylvania , or indirectly , in such books as the ' Memoirs of Pepys . He is also entitled to the praise of orig inal research . He has had recourse to the State Paper Office , the British Museum ; and less public repositories ; he has been assisted'by the family of Penn , and procured transcripts from ; tb ! e . archives of Holland . From these authorities
Mr . Dixon has judiciousl y selected tbe essential facts that bear upon the life of Penn !; skilfull y arranged them ; and presented them in a narrative of much vigour and variety .
Tear's Magazine. For April. London: Shri...
Tear ' s Magazine . For April . London : Shri p kin and Marshall . - The opening paper , " On the Decline of Pauperism , " in the present number , is much too slig ht in its texture and slipshod in its statistics , to satisfy the painstaking inquirer on this important question . We believe it was Canning ! who said , that " nothing was so fallacious as facts , except figures ; " and the figures in Tait have a marvellously fallacious look to ear eyes . The whole question of pauperism isoneofsuchannually-increasing importance—it is pregnant with such awful consequences to the future , and constitutes such an anomalous feature of the present , that when Taft next takes up . the question , we hope it will not . be to . touch it in the same sketchy
and . unsatisfactory- manner . "Rec ollections ofiTexas " . ' $ i ™ > graphic and lively idea , of the jState . of society , and the dangers , that enriron ^ tho' settler , in that country . The troubles and * the difficulties experienced by
Tear's Magazine. For April. London: Shri...
workingmen when seeki ^ ner w which ^ their little , stoblf of thrifty hoardjugs g ^ dually imeltv ' spifeVof-theifeatest economy ^ and ^ ihe ' growing Biokness ^ of . the hewf ? ansmg from hope deferred , are ' well « * v ™ . ? Becond Pad ° f the "Working ^ ^ y ^^ ^ rld , '' ! MiCraig Man Castle progresses very ' interestingly ¦ : : ! aud among the other articles which ' will repay nhe wader are , "MiBs ; Stricklaiid ' s Queens , of Scotland ; » and in a differenti but higher . aspect , the paper , headed «' , Lbrd Carlisle on Pope , byjlr . De Quincey ., ' The Mother contents are of average merit As to the politics
. , , of -Tart ,, we give . our readers the opportualty f J ^ W ifethe following brief quotation from ^ March Gales and the Government : *' - - ^ Who < extension of ihe > . franchise is'a thing n 0 , - . !! # « ' t 0 he done ; and even the time for m S ' fl f % S lnni ° g isiixed ., Lord JohnRus-? M ? , Pi ? g ? to . bring in a measure next session n ? not now pf . great positive value , seein ^ that Lotd John ismot likel y to be a puissant Minister in 1852 ;; but Sir James I Graham , ' the proximate , and ,,: so far as ; can at present ! be seen , only other ! possible' ^ Minister / is ^^ scarcely
leas explicitly pledgeoVtb a ' similai ' . course .: ' A great difficulty , in advocating extension of the franchise has hitherto been , that the princi ple was not favoured ' , by any ^ atesman . or party ! whom the public had ' come to look on as a competent or likely man ifbr ; office It is impossible to over-estimate the launch forward which , the ^ BtioniriuBthav e received ; am ong ' so very practical' . ' a people as < ourselves , 'by its' having how become plain that . the ! . bnly possible . Mini 8 try : is . bne ! pledged to a ^ ew Reform Bill . * . t .. * ¦ > ¦ » . - ¦? ¦ ,.,-,, < ¦ . .. ' ...-,,.
' *' ; " In a ' single-senitencelet us ^ indicated more genera ] result of the recent ttnoro ^ Ko , aud the revelationsitjforced out . Politics , properlyso called , have once more received life ; and earnestness ; the , days of fiddle-faddle - are drawing to a close , and soon men will again be striving in earnest for things worth striving for . At last we can fix the date of "the good timei coming : " we predict that it will commence in 1852 , " and the blame be our own if we do not make cleaner and quicker work thistime !"
Publications Received. V ' . ¦ ¦ The Gir...
PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED . V ' . ¦ ¦ The Girlhood of Shakespeare ' t Heroines , ' Tale V Meg and Alice , ' the 'Merry Wives of Windsor . Hy MABrCdw » EwCiARKE . ; London : W . 'H . Smith and Son , Strand . .
Eights Of Women. / The Constitutional Co...
EIGHTS OF WOMEN . / The Constitutional Convention of the state of Indiana , has recently been engaged in the periodical" work of revising ' the Constitution ^ The Hon . Robert Dale Owen , son of the p hilanthropist ^ took an active and a distiriguiahed part in the course of the proceedings , for the ' purpose of inducing the Convention to recognise the right of married- women over their own property ^ ' whether owned by them before marriage or afterwards ; arid' also ; to admit them to greater equality in other res *
pects , both social and political . The result was , that thepro ' posal was defeated by a small majority ; but the ' ladies ofthe State feel so deeply indebted to Mr . Owen for his exertions , that a committee , 'comprisirig the wives of the leading men of Indiana ; has ' been formed , for the purpose of presenting him with a ' testimonial , in commemoration of hia exertions . Mr . Owen hasreceived the following interesting letter from a lady ,: with reference to the aubjecti It ' shows that our American cousins are a little ' aheadof us inthis , as in many other questions : — . ' j ;! ¦ ' ' ! Indianapolis , Feb . 28 th , 1851 ;
; Dear SiR , —Though ; personally a "Stranger to yoii , I take the liberty to send you a circular , which 1 have no doubt will be gratifying to your parental affection . " It is a . token of respect bestowed oh but few men in this country—taking all the circumstances together , I believe it has no parallel ; and yet it is richly merited by the noble , spirited , and persevering efforts of your distinguished son . to procure thei adoption , , by ; the , constitutional convention , of a section proposing ( to , secure to the married wbmeu ! of Iridiaria ! independent right to' property . Though this just ' arid enlightened measure , so evidently in accordance with tbe spirit of the age , did not become a part of our organic law , its
agitation is clearly ; one ofjthe , foot-prints of , progress , and we are well : assured . ' that , the rights , wo ask will , ere long , be guarariteed to us by legislative enactment . The failure of tbo section referred . to , is mainly 1 attributable to the ' exertions of the lawyers , in aud out of the Convention . / They carefully mustered their forces , and donned their brazen armour , to resist this dreaded innovation " on the common law , as the knights of old prepared to ehcounter the fabled'drKgbn . Green betheir laurels they were honourably ! wbn in a ' contest with women .- I hope our " Testimonial" will evince tortlie world , and particularly to the states of this union ,
which have adopted this measure , that the women of Indiana , have the sensibility to appreciate the kindness of their benefactors , and the spirit and good taste to reward it . The ' major piece in theproposed service will bear tho following inscription : — \ ,, , r ' " Presented to ' . the ,. honourable Ilobert , Dale 0 # en , by the women of Indiana , in acknowledgment of his true and noble advocacy of their independent rights to property , in the constitutional Convention of the : State of Indiana , convened at Indianapolis , 18 | 0 . " v ,,, i - i . The minor pieces will bear a suitable inscription .
Father Gavazzl's Thirteenth Oration On S...
FATHER GAVAZZl'S THIRTEENTH ORATION ON SUNDAY AT . THE PRINCESS'S CONCERT HALL . v . ¦ - ¦ .,. - ¦¦ -. ti—rS ' . . " .:. : „ . . . ' - " CLERICAL FINANCE IN ITALY . " ,, The subject , of the eloquent ¦ patribt ' s address on this occasion involved ! such a multiplicHy . of local details and allusions to strictly national usages " that the greater portion : bif ^ what he said would require explanatory cotnmeiits tbVmake ' its ' . vigorous and telling truths intelligible to the British public . The prolific abominations of pluralism and nepotism were held up with masculine energy by this Italian reformer , ; whose views on ecclesiastical revenues . go the extreme length of the most stringent advocates among onrselve for rigorous scrutiny into the budget
pf the . church . ; The origin and development , of several great ; householders and princely families in the Roman States was traced to priestly peculation ; few , indeed , being ; tbe aristocratic names in the muster roll of that effete and degenerate , as well as servile and illiterate nobility , which are not stamped with the ignominious brand of Papal riepotismi The appressive operation of tlie tithe system as affecting agricultural interests in Italy , was skilfully demonstrated , arid particularly in Piedmont , ' -where the parliament of the country was how engaged in a fierce struggle with vested wrongs in the effort to liberate the territory from' an incubus which every enlightened kingdom in Europe had flung off , as the
preliminary to national improvement .: The speaker advocated a government provision for tbe priesthood , in lieu of the capricious and disproportioned incomes derivable from fluctuating , sources of revenue , involving the cares , and solicitudes of worldly lucre discreditable fo , clerical pursuits and the sacerdotal character .. A regulated allowance , under the super , vision of the public , was the true substitute for the present viciqus . arr ' angement , productive as it was of swarms of consecrated idlers , who fattened on the industry ' of the people in unprofitable sloth . The statistics' of' the clergy were here entered upon , and forcible proofs adduced to show what a hideous excrescence upon the social body that class of the communit y had become . In the city of Rome , with a population of 170 , 000 ( of which 6 , 000 resident
Jews and a fluctuating mass of strangers , nearly oj the same amount , formed part ) there were besides 1 , 400 nuns , a clerical militia of 3 . 069 ecclesiastics , being one for every fifty , inhabitants , or one for everytwent y-five male adults ; while in the pro vinces there were . towns where , the proportion was still greater , being one to every twenty . The churchproperty formed a capital of 400 , 000 millions . of francs , giving 20 , 000 millions' per annum , while the whole revenue of the . state was but eight or nine million of dollars , a sum disastrously absoroed in the' payment . of cardinal ostentation , in purveying to thepomp ' s of a scandalotis court , or in supplying brandy to Austrian brutality . < To support such a system is was necessity to keep 11 , 000 of the population : invprison ,: £ nd' send . into : exile 50 , 000 of its best-educated and / most valuable
-inhabitants . ^; Chiesa di ; ladri . ' 'cMesa ,., di carnefci ! chiesadi dewdine ' . He drew a vivid picture pf the squalor and desolation resulting " from this op-
Father Gavazzl's Thirteenth Oration On S...
probrious state of things , throughout the misgoverned territbiy of Rome . ' ' But in dealing with' the fiBanciairbttenhess . o ' f the papal rulithe government lottery . ' . was [ the / monster abuse which the . orator inveig hed against with the most fearful'denunciation . It was , in truth , a dismal'Spectacle to behold month after month the pomp and show with which the authorities ; thought fit to exhibit before a deluded mob the drawing of their pernicious , stakes , while , as if in better derision ,-the balcony from which the prizes are proclaimed ' is decorated with crimson arras bearing the once glorious monogram of
S . P . Q . % To brulaliee into paltry gamblers , the old masters of the worldTeems " a jest full of sardonic scorn , " but who . would , not gamble ; ff . heij ! a Pope .. blesses the board and a Cardinal sitsi ' as . ' croupier ? " The pulpit is not allowed to touch . on , this ^ tabooed , topic . Of the thousands whocarihotread alphabetical characters in Rome . not . one isjeund . ignorant ( for ,, lottery purposes ) of-Arabic numerah ' , while ' for those who can read there is pnblished ' . th ' ei . ' famo . us . "Book of Dreams 'I as an appropriate auxiliary . , -jn i legalised
witchcraft , a hook ; , sold , in iWheelbarrbws at every fair , ' and at church doors , and often the only book in tlie whole village ^ here a , New [ Testament is . un . known . This " dr ' eam boofci' , ' printed . " , * ' by authority , " -is what-the railway guide or the various hand hooks ot industry are in England ; arid trie faith of credulous ignorance in , its magical revelations is dis . creditable to bur ' common manhood . \ Vh » le-the works of learning and genius' are . on the index , this blasphemous book ' s circulation is unblushingly promoted . '• ¦ ¦¦¦¦ ' ¦ '¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' - ' ' .
E , ! " ' ralalegge . pegli Asiniv ' cde 1 a lotto mantiene , . Imaliibesogni ' II capo del gregge E 11 fieno provve ' do . ,, Ci vuol un gran bene , . Col Iibro do Sogni . Lines which may he hastily rendered , ; though few things ( except bishops ) gain by translation : — '• ¦ ' . ;• Bless the "book" and the law of the lottery ; And the ruler whbregulatesRbirie ; ' . " In proof that he has not forgot her , he Prints for , her people this " toriie . " Oh , ye donkeys of Tiber ! how can ye all . ; -. Join in dissatisfied bray , , ; ' v '; - ¦ ¦' - When ye'vegot to your minds in this manual ; Sucn a marvellous manger of hay ?
¦ Iiufihf^Itittfemtm?. ;
¦ iiufiHf ^ itittfemtm ? . ;
•!_ . ' ;Drury Lane; Theatre. V; ,; A Cr...
•!_ . ' ; DRURY LANE ; THEATRE . V ; , ; A crowded audience assembled at this house on Saturday evening , attracted by the announcement of a new drama , from the . pen of' Mr . Bour ' cicault , When the curtain drew up , however , we found bur . selves treated to the opening'scene of that venerable acqaaiiitancei Simpson * arid Co . : ! 'At ' first thejaudience did not : knbw , wbat . to ; make of ! it , but . the moment Mr . Simpson . made his appearance ; and announced , that the bank had ! discounted , ' all ; the paper of the firm , and thus never stood higher—a slprm of disapprobation burst forth ; which showed
that , in Drury-lane at ; all . events ; Sifnpsoti . and \ Co . was ; decidedly at . ar . discount . " After somedeiay the stage manager made his appearance , and , stated ihat the sudden indisposition'oif MrBl ' - Nubet ; who was to have , played the , principal . ' character , was the cause of the substitution . , This , ( however , was not satisfactory , Jind ,- at length , Mr . Anderson himself pacified ., the clamorous audience ; by announcing that Miss Fanny Vining had undertaken to read . the character , if they pleased to accept the . first representation :: " urider , such obviously . ! ' unfavourable conditions . . This was received ! with ' universalapplause , and , time having been given for . the necessary dressing and other preparations , the new piece
proceeded . The . QiwmojP . ^ parfeSjpbBsesBes all the neatness , point , and skill in . construction which characterises the productions of the French school , arid many parts of the dialogue . exhibit the . piquancy and smartness for which Mr . Bburcicault is so well known , but ; the story . itself is essentially too slender , to maintain any enduring > interest . ' The scene is laid in Russia , and the . " plot turns on the . love ' s of the riiece . bf the Princess Befediha and Cpuni Klam . ( ierg , mixed-up with which are . the fortunes of various other personages , all ' strangely held together by a tradition ; tbatithe Princess is in possessio ' nof a ring which , turned round , after naming certain cards , will ^ infallibly bring luck to the possessor .
These cards are the , three , the , ten , and , the , Queen of spades . Katinka ! Nefidoff , the . niece , having repulsed , rather forcibly ; the advances of- the Czar , leaves the , court , 'disguised as her aunt , . with a hump arid a limp , for her country 6 eat ,. at ! which , and subsequently the , faro-table of Carlsbad , the action takes place . ' Count . . ' . 'Klamberg having ' challenged the Prince of Moskau , his colonel , andrmeethig a refusal , strikes him , and is condemned to death for a violation of military . Jaw , , He is confined in a salt mine , under the care of Ivan ! ( Mr . .. Andersoii ) , ' a serf ,. smitten with- the love of gambling , and who consents to suffer the Count to escape , on condition of getting possession , of the , magic ring .. This , bowever ; is overheard by the Prince , who , in time , forces it from Ivan , and imagining himself sure , to break
the bank , makes ! enormous , stakes with the Count , arid loses ; 'The secret being that the three cards named were the favouiile- ones ' of the Princess Elizabeth , and whenever she betted on them the courtiers . let . her win ,. ... Of course , outside of the magic circle of the court , the charm was powerless . Mr . Anderson ' . was very effective as lyan , arid , considering the diffiiuUiea under which Miss F . Vining laboured , her success was ; most creditable . Both Mr . Anderson and Miss Vining were recalled , at the end of the firstact and at the close , and warmly applauded . The manager announced the repetition of . the Queen of Spadet . amid ! unanimpus approval . . . The entertainments closed . with the gorgeous spectacle of Azael ; which continues to attract large houses .
Sovtbwark Institution. —We ; Wsited This...
Sovtbwark Institution . —we ; wsited this ; nstitution on . Tuesday evening , for the , p ' nrppse of witnessing a panorama uponanew principle , by Mr . J . J . Clarke , and so far , as we : were capable of judging , every objection seemed , to be removed from the optical instrument , employed , ; and , the "fu ture limit to its power appeared to be transferred from the instrument ofthe artist , who ; mi g ht be employed in ; painting the various . ' Subjects which may be illustrated . The advantages gained by this method of illustration are that the heavy expenditure , conseqnent ' on . setting . up . the other machinery of panoramas , moved in the ordinary way is obviated , and the ' views may be exhibited in the longest theatre , or smallest chamber' with ! equal facility . The illustration of the Orleans pictures , though mere sketches , showed what can be done , and the entertainments gave full satisfaction to a crowded audience .
Koiiinonam.—On Thursday . .Week Last A V...
KoiiiNonAM . —On Thursday . . week last a vestry meeting was held in St . Mary ' s Church for the purpose of hearing the report and passing tho accounts ofthe Highway Board for the past year , and also for tho election of their successors ' . ' " the appointed' time the vestry room whs excessively crammed , and hundreds could not gain admission . Mr .. Wall was duly elected chairman , and opened the business by pledging himself to act impartially . A motion was made for adjournment to the Town Hal ) , ' and carried unanimously . The . Hall became crowded , and after some little delay , ' tho . Clerk to the Board read the report , ' ' which was extremely lengthy , and fully detailed the proceedings of the Board during ! their term of office . Several questions were asked , and explanations given by the
Chairman to the late Board ( Mr . Sweet ) , which proved satisfactory to the whole of the meeting , with the exception of two individuals , who endeavoured very hard to raise a factious opposition ; but as both the parties were well known to the audience they were both treated with cool indifference . —On the motion of Mr . Roberts , seconded by Mr . Loverseed , the report was adopted , and an unanimous vote of thanks given to the late Board for the strict attention they had paid to the interests of the . ratepayers . —Messrs . Moore and Beecroft were appointed to audit the accounts and the following gentlemen were elected for the year ensuing , viz . -. Messrs . Smith , Sweet , Hart , Dann , Hardy , Mott , Glover , Beck , Ellis , Thurman , Carter , and Parkin . —On the motion of Mr . Beck , seconded by Mr . Beecroft , an unanimous vote , of thanks , was given to tho chairman ,
who responded , avid the . meeling broke up . In the above list we recognise the names of several old and tried friends of popular rights ; Mr . Sweet has served that office for eight years previous , Mr . Mott for several years , as also have Messrs . H art , Smith , Ellis , and others . —The Board met for the first tunc on Friday week , when Mr . Councillor Hardy moved . and . Mr . Smith seconded , " That the lateXJhairman , who had presided over their deliberations for the pns < three vears , be respectfully requested again to fill that situation ; " whicb , on being put , ^ was canted unanimpusly . ^ The Board is now composed ol eight Chartist ? , two Conservatives , and two gentlemen who usually . vote with the Whigs . An . American paper states that Oeneral Tom Thumb was lately arrested in Savannah , and fined ten dollars , for driving his state carriage along tho foot pavement .. . . . . . . .. . u . ¦ , . ¦ . u ! . .. .
Bein . g our own master sometimes means , that we are at liberty to be the s ! ave ; . of our . own follies caprices , and passions . '
Mmtxiw.
mmtxiw .
The Want Of Goods Is Easily Repaired; Th...
The want of goods is easily repaired ; the poverty of the soul is irreparable . ¦ The Sixth Sense ( aiid the One Hie most Uncomwow- )—Common Sense . ¦ . ¦ - , UNropuLAtt Pbbsonages . —A fat man in an omnibus ; a tall man ia a crowd ; a short man on parade . Death bkd LiG AciBs .-By the law of France , no dSbeSK attMney ' fe aUoWed t 0 accept a
iWnEir . ARB women fathers ' -When they are sipfiers ( sires , ) which is not unfr equently the case . Whv are potatoes and wheat like- the idols of Old ? -BeeauBe they have eyes and see not , ears have they and hear not . < , . Queer Reply .- " John , why don ' t you atop crying ,. and go to sleep ? what do you want ? " ' I ' ve got the hellertache—that ' s what I < want 1 " . " Postage . —It is not very agreeable to receive letters , relating only to the interests of the writers , upon which you have postage to pay . " Catching . a heiress . —It is ' said that , before you can reach an heiress , you ' ve got to go into quarantine to half-a-dozen old aunts , to get properly "smoked . " - - ¦ .- :. ' .
Mrs . PARTrwroN asks , very indignantly , if the bills before Parliament are . not counterfeit , ! why should there be such a difficulty in passine them ? Cheerfol Industry . —He who pulls off his coat cheerfully , tucks up his sleeves in earnest , and sings while he works , is the m & nto got along in the world . Converts to Protestantism;—The Dublin Warder , « f Feb . 8 th , states , that in the diocese of Tuam , Ardfert , and Eniloy , there have been , within the last three months , 1 , 560 converts to the Protestant religion . ¦> . ¦ . ••• ¦ .. ¦ , _ Timid Pe < h > le . —A lover about to pop tho question ; a man who docs not like to be shot at ; ' and a steamboat passenger with a cholera case on board . Ih . e sum . brought into tha commerce of . Europe and . the United States is about £ 4 , 000 , 000 below the ten millions at which it bad been customary to estimate the yield of the'California mines in 1 S 50 .
Tansino . —The papers are boasting of ari invention by which leather can ; be tanned in . ten minutes . We have seen the human hide , however , tanned in five . Our schooimaster used to da it occasionally in two . ' ¦ , ' ¦ * Genteel People . —The young lady who let her mother do the ironing for fear of spreading her hands ; . the miss who wears thin shoes on a rainy day ; the young gentleman who is ashamed to be seen walking with his father * A lady residing at Strabane has sent to the Exhibition a knitted . linen lace scarf , containing twelve and a quarter miles of thread , and 3 . 475 , 000 stitches . It is nine feet ten inches in length , and three feet wide , aud is only five and three-fourth ounces in weight .
A sneaking , dirty fellow being pursued by a constable , wished to disguise himself . AwHggave him the following advice : —'' Wash yourself , and hold up your head , and I assure you nobody will ever suspect who you are . " . •' * ••• ; . Indolence is irksome , intemperance is injurious , and ignorance is intolerable . Happy is'that family that abounds not in too great " affluence , and that is sufficiently ' removed from tbe reach of poverty , — - TItalcs . . ' ¦ ¦ ¦' ¦ ¦ \ The Custom of singing Psalms at church began in 1559 . Sometimes , at Paul ' s Cross , many thousand persons sang together . For the : : benefit of those who could not read , the clerk repeated the stanza three times . >
It is announced-that the French clergy intend sending to London , during the Exhibition , some of the riiost distinguished members of their body . The Abbos Deguerry and . Delplace are appointed to preach in different chapels of the Metropolis . It is a fact , not a little interesting to Englishmen , and , combined with our insular station in that highway of nations , the Atlantic , not a little explanatory to our commercial eminence , that London occupies nearly the centre o f the terrestrial hemisphere . —Sir John Hebschel . The ALPHAnEi ;—A school boy being asked ' . > repeat twenty-six words , beginning successively with letters of the alphabet , in one sentence , said— " A boy cannot dig easily for gold ; hence , if just keeping lead melted needs oxygen , put quicksilver , rapidly saturated , timidly under vitriol , when xebecs yearn zeolites . " ' ! ' , " .- ' ¦
Jack nd the Doctor . —Shields' Doctor ( looking learned , and speaking slow ) : — " Well , Mariner , which tooth do you want extracted ? Is it a molar or . an incisorV '—Jacb ( short and sharp ) : "It ' s in the upper tier , on the larboard Ride . Bear a hand , you swab ; for its nipping my jaw like a big lobster !" Cor . v Doty . —A correspondent , of the Times shows that a 5 a . per quarter duty on corn would cause a rise of an eighth of a penny per lb ., thereby causing a loss to the labourer of Is . 8 d . on every sovereign which he spends for the staff of life , instead of lOd . "This , " the writer truly says , " should be known from the Land ' s-end to John O'Groats . " „
Smelling and Tasting , —A'fastidious boarder , at a "cheap" establishment , lately appeared at the table , when a ratlicr unsavoury bora presented itself for discussion .., It looked well ; but , said the boarder to his host , * ' How horribly it smells !"" Well , " replied his keeper , " What o' that ? Take hold , man ; you come to the table to eat your victuals , not to sniell ' em . " ,. ¦ . Behaviour at Church . —One of the prisoners in gaol was soliciting a missionary to visit the place , and preach to the prisoners on Sunday , and urged , as an inducement , that he would find his congregation better behaved than some of his own church members—for , said the prisoner , " none us are guilty of jumping up and leaving tho house during service , as is often the caso in churches , to the great annoyance of the ministers . "
Rare Birds . —A pious soldier ; an economical sailor ; a rich author : an impartial critic ; an inconsolable widow ; a happy old bachelor ; au uncenaprious old maid ; a moderate reformer ; an undue sanguine protectionist ; a peace-making lawyer . ; a clergyman who practices all he preaches ; a physician who does not kill more patients than he cures ; a smoker who is not just on the brink of leaving off ; a well-fed boarder ; a cheerful tailor ; a lean butcher ; a silent barber ; and a successful gold
digger . Steam Carriage for Ordinary Roaos . —At St . Etienae , in France , a neiv steam carriage has been , constructed for ordinary roads . The carriage went through all the streets ofthe town with the greatest facility , under the most perfect control of the man , sitting in front , turning it to the right or left , or sending it backward or forward , as he pleased . The cost of conveyance by this machine , will not , it is calculated ,.. b . e „ niore .. thaii one-half of that of the ordinary mode of conveyance .
ENGLISH AND AMERICAN : RIVER 9 . In England rivers all are males—For instance , Father Tharries ; . Whoever in Columbia sails , Finds them ma mselles or dames . Yes—there the softer sex presides , Aquatic , 1 assure ye ; And Mrs . Sippy rolls her tides Responsive to Miss Souri . Ignorant Orators and Authors . — " It is the calamity of the working classes , " says tho Newcastle Chronicle , " that most of those who speak and write of their condition never studied their literature , homes , teachers , and amusements ; and the men who have not done this may be classical scholars , clever debaters , brave soldiers , and fine gentlemen , but they
ace . not fit and proper persons to legislate for the people . They , spenk of a clai-s which th * y know not , and never will know , until . they visit them in their homes , factories , and haunts . " ¥ y M 0 THUK . —It has been truly said : — " The first being that rushes to the recollection of a soldier or a sailor , in his heart ' s difficulty , is bis mother . She clings to his memory and affection , in the midst of all the forgetfulness and hardihood induced by a roving life . ' The last message he leaves is for her ; his last whisper breathes her name . The mother , as she instils the lessons of piety and filial obligation into the heart of her infant son should always feel that her labour is not in vain . She may drop into the » rave , hut she has left behind her influences that will work for her . The bow is broken , but the arrow is sped and will do its office . "
Singular Chinese Sentence , —Mr . Linton lately made a communication to the Asiatic Society of London , descriptive of a mt ; de of punishment peculiar to the criminal code of the Celestial Empire . A Chinese merchant , accused and convicted of having murdered his wife , was sentenced to die by the total deprivation of sleep . The execution took place at Araoy , in the month of June last . The condemned was placed in prison under the surveillance of three "u ardians , who relieved each other at every alternate hour , and who prevented him from taking any sleep night or day . Ho lived thus for nineteen days , without having slept for a single minute . At the commencement ofthe eighth day his sufferings were so cruel , tha * he begged , as a great favour , that they would put an end to his existence .
HoAxmsAN Heir . —There was once an old lady that lived m her bed to a wonderful old me . and reamed all her faculties and all her cheerfulness . Her heir , thinking she was too long " withering out , " went to visit her near about her hundredth year . W hetber it was that he was naturally or habitually au early riser , or could not sleep of mornings for thinking of his inheritance , he paid her very " early visits to her room , toinquire if she slept wail . She was a shrewd observer , and determined he should be up by times . , At three o ' clock in the morning ( and she kept awake on purpose ) , she raos her bell violently , and down came the half-dressed expectant heir . " My dear madam , I hope you ure not ill ?" She bade mm come near . She laughed in his fiice , and , said , ' It was the first of April ! " ¦ $ ¦>* > what life and jollity was here—to ' make her . heir e n . April tool in her liiindreth rear !
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 5, 1851, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_05041851/page/3/
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