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Northern Star (1837-1852), 5th September 1846, Edition 2 of 3, Page 1, VOL. X . NO. 460- LONDON, SATURDAYu^P^MB...

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  • Departments (4)
    • TO THE IMPERIAL ' CHARTISTS
    • Imperial parliament
    • jforeujtt Heiueix
    • Dekuv Election.—On '1'hui'Mhi.v Mr. Strutt was. _ _ i _. _ 1 .» iii i,i ¦ ' ... 11 • i
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      To The Imperial ' Chartists

      TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS

      Mr Dkak Fbiesds ,—It Was My Intention To...

      Mr Dkak Fbiesds , —It was my intention to have poblielied avery longletter-or rather , a manifesto , Which I liave written—this weefc , entitled , REMINISCENCES OF THE PAST ASAGTJIDE TO THE FUTURE ; and in wMen I hare given a faithful narrative of the last thirteen years and * half . M _ v principal object in publishing such a document just now , is with the new of leading you to a solution of the future by the " fast book" of thepnst ; to nelpyou through

      the labyrinth that FREE trad * , has opened bv leading you through the several maies by which its march in the struggtejwas directed , and , as that is my first object , I have thoug ht it more prudent and discreet to keep thenaked question before you in the first instance , lest a complication of events shenld obscure it from your vision . It would be a very tedious process to remind you oi my principal reasons for opposing a Repeal of the Corn Laws from 1834 , 35 a member oi Parliament , to the accomplishment

      of the measure , without such other alterations as would make it a national instead of a sectional benefit . I have had four weighty and essential reasons for opposing a Repeal of the Corn Laws—USDER EXISTING CIRCUMSTANCES . Firstly , —I dreaded the inevitable result of the measure being carried by a party who claimed it as a means of increasing profits , and who must—if carried by them—constitute the future administration of the country with the new-fangled principles of political economy as their guide in legislation .

      Secondly , —How I have warned you to surfeit of the fact , that whatever the ultimate effect may be , that three years at the very least must be assigned for the adjustment ; and that , during the balancing period of faction , the poor , who were defenceless and dependent , would be the first suSerers;—in tact , that labour will be squeezed to the very verge of danger to life and property , before capital will con * sent to the forfeiture of a farthing , as the price of what it was left to esteem as its own triumph .

      Thirdly , —I have told yon , that by whatever laws tie House of Commons sought t establish or regulate the wholesale price of the raw material , that the poor consumer would fail to recognise the benefit of one single clause of such enactment in the retail article placed upon his board , so long as others were in possession of the commodity that produces the raw material , and have the control and management of those commercial laws and regulations by which the price of all articles are regulated , and command of those means by which scarcity may be magically transformed into surplus , and surplus into scarcity to suit the merchant's account .

      I have reminded you of the landlord ' s profit , the farmer's profit , the speculator ' s profit , the importer ' s profit , the shipper ' s profit , the miller ' s profit , the factor ' s profit , the baker ' s profit , and the huckster ' s profit—all to be realised before it enters labour ' s mouth , and all of which , save the miller ' s profitand much of that—might be saved , if all had the power of producing the raw material for themselves . And , Fourthly , —The destruetiveand commanding influence that capital has of moulding indigence to

      its own purposes in seasons of distress , by which it can most unnaturally turn the finest feelings of man ' s nature into base submission to his oppressor ' s will . Self-preservation , we are told , is the first law of nature ; while the law of political economy inverts this natural injunction , and proclaims its supremacy over nature ' s laws . I shall now treat my subject briefly , under each of the foregoing heads , and shall then make a summary for your future consideration and guidance .

      Ton haw , then , already seen , that the League demands as their share of the triumph , such an accession of " Free Trade" ministers in the Whig cabine ^ as -would insure the full -working of the measure to the interest of the manufacturing classes : that is , whatever turn the experiment took , they desired such a government as would sacrifice labour , the source of all wealth , to such legal bonds as speculators deemed requisite . You are not to mind the ravings of the Times , or the bouncing and lying of Quaker Bright , any more than you would the barking of a " MAD DOG . " The one publishes nonsense for

      hire , without a particle of knowledge upon the subject , and the other has a cause to maintain , which cannot be served by truth . Do not for a single moment suppose that you have seen or felt the effects of '' FREE TRADE" yet . Ton have not , and the aim of fection will be frustrated by any attempt to make its effects gradual . It will comeuponyou like athief in the dark , and it is f or this event that I shall presently endeavour to prepare you . The present cabinet can only exist on Free Trade principles . It is the mere tool of the speculators—and their gains will be the last vestig e that authority will dare to

      touch . The measure [ is their ' s , the government is their ' s , and who but them can reap the benefit—and whose property but their ' s can hope for protection ; aileast , that their turn will be postponed till the lasi . Ton are aware that selfishness is the ruling passion of man ; and it is quite natural , as well as characteristic , that each should protect himself . You would act precisely like all other manufacturers if you had but the opportunity ; and , therefore , you must not suppose that I am eulogizing you , while I am merely poarrraying the evils of a system which actually compels , or at all events invites and seduces man to selfishness . I will now give you an example or two

      in illustration of my second head—John Waliwark , now a freeman on Herringsgate Farm—and who refused £ 30 , and a share in section 2 , for his interest in Jlis estaie of two acres in my presence , from Mr . Cullingbam , carpenter—WAS a silk plush weaver , Before Free Trade was made law he got £ 112 s . for weaving 25 yards ot silk plush for making hats ; he worked for John Ashton of Manchester—of course , a FREE TRADER—and as soon as the measure passed , he reduced his wages from £ 1 12 s . to £ 1 for the same amount of work . Here is one slave that I have emancipated . Sow , from this one instance , judge of labour ' s general hope from Free Trade ,

      Under my third head , you will have already discovered that the price of Wheat does not always leguMe the ^ tke of bread , while we have everyday instances of the fact that the device of the traffickers can give a fi ctitious price to the raw material ; whereas , if you were in a situation to produce the raw material from your own land , you would attach but insignificant importance to the price of surplus after consumption . So long as you had enough for yourselves and your families it would concern you but little whether Wheat was , £ ld or 103 . PW quarter , while its price becomes a paramount consideration so long as you have to earn monev before you can purchase it .

      I may illustrate my fourth head by many iacts with which the working classes are , unfortunately , but too familiar . For instance , the mill-owners , the speculators and jobbers , can , at all times , turn indigence to a profitable account . Firstly , they can make it the means of competition in an underbidding labour market , Secondly , they can secure its co-o peration in their own struggles against

      restrictions that press hardly upon their own speculations . And thirdly , -with whatever view laws ara made , they can compel the most indigent to aid them in twisting , thwarting and turning them to the advantage of capital—Jabour being unprotected , and labour being compelled to live from hand to mouth , and thereby a ready instrument Sot its own destruction at the command of protected capital .

      If ow these four heads , under which I have illustrated the question of Free Trade , should be explained familiarly to those who cannot read ; and the summary of all would be found to be , that so long as the wealthy make laws they can grind the poor ; and as Ion" as poverty is unrepresented , that , consequent , pauperism forces it to fight the battles of the rid . agafnst its own order . My more extended manifesto , which I shall publish at full length in next week ' s & -. r , will more fully explain to you the reasons why J now treat this subject with precision and at length .

      Mr Dkak Fbiesds ,—It Was My Intention To...

      In that manifesto 1 have given you a faithful narrative of the tricks of party , and the means by which our movement has been obstructed for the last thirteen years a na « half ; all written for the purpose of making the past a guide for the future . The no distant future is now very clearly mapped out to my understanding . In it I see the necessity of afterclaps , which should have preceded the measure of Free Trade . In it I see the Whigs waiting , till those prudent concession ? , mentioned in Lord John Russell ' s memorable letter , are wrung from them , instead of being seasonably conceded ; and in the several struggles for the proper adjustment , I see the working classes , if not vigilant , prudent , and cautious , once more enlisted as an auxiliary force to fight the battles of faction .

      In my manifesto , which I have the vanity to think you will read and preserve , and from which I pray that you may learn s wholesome lesson , I hare pointed out clearly and undeniably to you , how my advice , if followed , would have saved you and me much of the persecution we have endured , and our cause much of the damage it has suffered . I have shown you , that in the Convention of 1842 I laid bare the League project of the autumn of that year —and that I cautioned the Chartists from being made parties to their device ; and I have shown you , that I made a tour of Lancashire , Yorkshire , and the Midland Counties , in the summer of that year , explaining the League plot , and asking you to fold your arms while factions were fighting their own battle .

      You remember how forcible my language was upon this subject , and you remember that your rejection of my advice was the cause of the Lancaster trials , the Stafford trials , the Liverpool trials , the special commissions , and all their consequent transportations , incarcerations and heartburnings . Now , though I was likely to be the principal sufferer from your neglect , yet do not mistake me . I am not blaming you : no man can blame yon , but I am using the facts as an unmistakeable illustration of an impregnable position . It is this : —THAT CAPITAL FROM OUR DAMNABLE SYSTEM HAS THE POWER AT ANY GIVEN MOMENT OF

      LEAVING TO THE INDUSTRIOUS THE SIMPLE ALTERNATIVE OF STARVING QUIETLY OR RESISTING FORCIBLY , OF DYING BY THE SWORD OR PERISHING FROM HUNGER . Now , if you never read another line read that and get it by heart , and then add this to it , that I would commit any excess upon the property of others rather than die of starvation or allow my family to die , and the only atonement that I would offer to Society would be to curse its law ? which reduced me to the alternative of being a thief or a dead man . Now , with the example of the past before you , while I am not heartless enough ,

      unnatural enough , or brute enough , to ask you to starve patiently when the next strngale comes , I do ask you , and have aright to ask you , as I am sure to be the greatest sufferer , and the greatest victim in all your struggles , one favour which is easily grantedit is this : LET YOUR NEXT BATTLE BE FOR YOURSELVES , and let the fruits of victory be something more substantial than the aggrandisement of your oppressors . Let it be the land—cultivated by yourselves and for yourselves , redeemed with your pence , and not your swords—and the Charter to defend your possession and to make national what I have succeeded in making sectional ;

      I now conclude for the present : in a few hours , and after a very laborious week ' s work , I start for Gloucestershire to bid for another estate , and , on Monday , I shall make my first appearance in Devonshire before our friends of Newton Abbott , Next week I shall publish my manifesto , which will occupy six or seven columns , and which , I trust , will have its weig ht with those for whom it is written . I cannot , however , take my leave without assuring you that our first experiment on the land is the admired of all admirers—that Lord John Russell ' s brother , who is a clergyman and resides close to the

      estate , and many other noblemen and clergymen , have visited it more than once and have expressed their astonishment and approval of the plan . Justice compelk me to mention , that , if all clergymen were like Lord JohnRussell ' s brother , the working classes would never make an assault upon church property . He lives in the centre of his flock and is truly the husband of the widow , the father of the orphan , and the guardian of the poer . It is truly refreshing to pass through the little territory of this truly noble pastor . Now that I have got upon the land 1 am upon my hobby , and in order to give you a notion of the enthusiasm with which it has inspired youth , I must mention the following fact . On Sunday last , a youth of the name of Silvester , from Stockport ,

      and about sixteen years of age , and who had been put out of work by Free Trade , arrived at the People ' s Estate , having made the whole journey from Stockport , over 200 miles , on foot . The delight of the poor boy surpasses anything I ever witnessed . I invited him to spendk a week with me , and , on Sunday , 1 will send him home to his parents by train . Would to God that all the young blood of England was inflamed with the same Land ardour . I think the brawlers must wince when they hear that John Waliwark refused £ 30 , in my presence , and a share in the second section , for his interest in two acres ot Land . Assuring you that my land madness is increasing every hour , I remain , your faithful friend and bailiff , Feargus O'Coxxor .

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      ^ "' ' ' : JL / ' AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL .

      Vol. X . No. 460- London, Saturdayu^P^Mb...

      VOL . X . NO . 460- LONDON , SATURDAYu ^ P ^ MBM ^ 71 l 846 T " ™** ™™™* ^ ~ "¦• - ' £ ¦'¦ - ^ Ijje _^ ijjii _ ::. ; . ' . '¦' " ; - •* - ¦ - " ¦ - ¦ '' - B '« ve Shilling * ttll , | Sixpence per Quarter

      To The Irish Residing In Great Britain. ...

      TO THE IRISH RESIDING IN GREAT BRITAIN . Fellow Countrymen , —My chief object in directing your attention to the following strictures on the letter of the erudite Archbishop of Tuam , is to show to you that , no matter how learned a man may be in all the ancient and modern languages ; no matter how high his attainments in all the arts and sciences ; he

      will make but a poor figure in the science of politics unless he takes the trouble to learn them and to understand them . You cannot avoid seeing this and feeling it too , when you read the subjoined ' eiter . There are but few men of the present age such accomplished schola rs as the CathoGc Archbishop of Tuam , yet you see how ridiculous heappears when he writes on a subject which he does not understand .

      Sir Robert Peel , great statesman as he . ' is , could not compound medicine as well as an appothecary ' s apprentice . Nor could he preach a sermon on theology half a-, well as Dr . M'Hale ; neither could Lord John Russell , small and cunning as he is > sweep my chiranies near so well as the successor to poor Iforish , the sweep , who was flogged almost to death in 1793 . This being the case , and it ever will be the case , I am sure that his Grace , of Tuam need not be the least offended at my declaring that I have more faitfi in the political principles taugh t by my great and unequalled preceptor , the immortal Gibbet , tban I naye in the archbishops , bishops , clergy , agitators , leaders , and lawyers in Ireland . Patrick O'Higgins .

      To the Most Rev . Dn . M'Hale , Catholic Archbishop of Tuam . My Lord , —Your letter addressed to Lord John Russell , and dated "Saint Jarlath ' s , Tuam , Feast oi St . Peter ad A incula , 1 S 4 G , " was intended fo the perusal and edification of the public as well as

      To The Irish Residing In Great Britain. ...

      to make an impression upon the nobleman to whom it was especially addressed . The reason your Grace assigns for writing this letter is , as appears in the first paragraph of that letter , that the relief given to the people by employment of public works was , from the 13 th of August , to be withdrawn , from which you apprehended the most direful consequences . A person would be led to imagine , by the first paragraph , that the end and object of your Grace ' s letter was to obtain relief for the starving people through the means of public works , but on a careful perusal of that document must come to the conclusion that such was not your object at all , but something else which requires explanation .

      There are several persons , as well as myself , who feel sadly puzzled by your Grace ' s letter , not one o whom can comprehend the purport of the following sentences . There appears to be no harmony in them . They cannot be reconciled to common sense For instance , the second and seventh paragraphs contradict each other most outrageously . As for the eighth , I challenge any man on earth to discover what it is about . 1 . " You might as well at once issue an edict of general starvation , as stop the supplies which the feeble , creatures arc striving to earn with the sweat of their brow .

      2 . " The scenes of jealousy and discontent that are of daily occurrence on account of the real or fancied preference which some claimants for employment receive , are evidence of the pressure of hunger : and never did a mutinous crew pant more eagerly for the partition of a rich booty than the starving inhabitants of Ireland do at present , for the miserable pittance earned on the public roads . " 3 . " The trying ordeal out of which the people are passing with such patience , notwithstanding the severe privations which they still endure , has had the eSeeb of imprinting more deeply on their souls the necessity of a domestic legislature . Fear not , however , that they meditate , for that purpose , either violence or rebellion .

      4 "With the advocates of physical force we disown all sympathy . " 5 . " It may be well worth the while of a profound statesniantopause , and consider whether , for the sake of vitiating the Catholic religion , and weakening the influence of its priesthood , it is not hazardous to erect infidel colleges for the propagation of an infidel and revolutionary mania , which , should it succeed in overturning the Altar , will not spare the Throne , in its career of demolition . "

      6 . " The turbid stream is easily known , from its kindred and congenial source . The peaceful advocates of repeal are not for making experiments of violence or war . They argue on the justice and necessity , which even this year illustrates , of a people being protected from hunger by the care of a native and paternal legislature . " 7 . " All connexion with the mischievous men who arefor forcing into the country the educational despotism of France and Prussia , and with the dangerous dogmas which they strive to spread , they entirely repudiate . Their confidence is in the patriarchal patriot of half a century , who , with the peaceful principles of the Catholic church to guide him , has already advanced Ireland to a pitch to which no military success could have raised her during the same time . "

      8 . " it well became those who were clamorous for infidel colleges to be next the consistent advocates of force nn < J insurrection . The most profuse and dexterous application i . f Whig patronage cannot divest the people ot Ireland from repeal—the necessary goal of all previous reforms . Nor could the most inflammatory effusions of the parodists of " Young Italy " ever drive them into rebellion . " Now my Lord , in the name of all that is wonderful , what do you mean by the two consecutive sentences contained in this last paragraph , No . 8 . If it is intended as ailing at the advocates and supporters ofthp . rallagp . ii , vhloh rnnr Grace , and some others ,

      are pleased to call infidel , it is rather a novel mode of getting relief for the starving Inhabitants of the Archdiocese of Tuam . On the othwr hand , if Hs object be to praise the patriarchal Patriot of half a century , the sneer at Whig patronage , now openly and undisguisedly avowed and in full vigour , comes with a very bad grace . As to the inflammatory effusions of the parodists of "Young Italy" doing any mischief amongst your Grace ' s subjects , no man , in his senses , could dream of such a thing ; because , on your own showing , the feeble creatures are on the very verge of starvation . It is men that rebel , my Lord , not" feeble half starved" slaves and dupes .

      In the second paragraph , marked No . 2 , you say , and truly Ihave no doubt , "that never did a mutinous crew pant more eagerly for the partition of a rich booty than the starving inhabitants of Ireland do at present for the miserable pittance earned on the public roads . " This is the lowest pitch of human misery to which the inhabitants of any nation can be reduced . And you certify under your hand and seal that the inhabitants of Ireland are reduced to this miserable condition . And yet you , my Lord , say , in the very same letter , and at paragraph marked No . 7 , "that the patriarchal patriot of hall a century , who , with the peaceful principles of the Catholic Church to guide him , has already advanced Ireland to a pitch to which no military success could have raised her during the same time . "

      These two statements cannot be true . They are diametrically opposed to each other . The first says that the people of Ireland are reduced to the lowest State of human misery . And the second states that they are advanced to a high pitch of national glory Truth is commendable even in an archbishop . In this case either of the statements must be false . If the first be true , then the second must be false ; and if the second be true , then the first must be false . Is this the enviable position of the people of Ireland under the joint guidance of this patriarchal p atriot of half a century , and the great " Lion of the fold of Juduh ? " May the Lord in his mercy relieve my poor duped , cheated and plundered countrymen from such guidance .

      Your Grace ' s letter , taken as a whole , is , to say the least of it , one of the most unparalleled specimens of rhodomontade on record . Had it emanated from a person in ordinary life , and not from one in the exalted station which you occupy , it might be overlooked ; but coming from you it is not only inexcusable , but unpardonable . What have "infidel colleges" to do with thedistress of the inhabitants of the archdiocese of Tuam ? IIow does the present distress illustrate the protection of the people from hunger by a paternal legislature ? What has the confidence of certain classes of the community in the patriarcltal patriot of half a century to do with the present distress ?

      Is it because the advocates of Repeal are not for violence or war , that the people want employment on public works ? Or is it because the " turbid stream " is easily known from its kindred and congenial source , that your Grace ' s feeble and starvingsubjects are striving to earn their daily supplies with the sweat of their brows ? Is it because the people of Ireland are reduced to the lowest pitch of human misery , that Ireland has already advanced to a rucii to which no military success could have raised her ? I must give it up , my Lord , for I am fairly bewildered . This letter to the prime minister of the greatest empire in the world , is a poser .

      In conclusion , may I take the liberty of asking your Grace , which I do with great respect , how many thousand pounds have been wrung from the starving population of the archdiocese of Tuam since 1 S 10 , under the pretence of Repealing the Union ; but , as is now evident , for the purpose of resuscitating Whiggery ? I do believe , my Lord , that it is your earnest desire to see the condition of the working classes bettered ,

      To The Irish Residing In Great Britain. ...

      to see them comparatively happy and comfortable , to see them elevated in the scale of society ; but , my Lord , the Repeal of the Union would not achieve these desirable ends ; employment on railroads , levelling hills on public roads , making new ones , nor even will building harbours do it . No , not all these together will ever attain the end in view . The people will always be kept in abject slavery until such time as they are in the full enjoyment of political UBEnir ; anything short of which is mere delusion . The bishops and clergy of Ireland could achieve that great end , if they applied themselves sedulously to the promulgation of the three following simple propositions .

      First . " That every man in this empire ( infants , insane persons and criminals only excepted ) is , of common right , and the laws o God , a Fbxb maw , and entitled to the full enjoyment of political liberty . Second . " It isessential to a man ' s political liberty that he kave an actual share either m legislation itself , or in the election of those who are to frame the laws ; which , although they ought to protect him in the full enjoyment of those absolute rights which are vested in him by the immutable laws of Nature , may yet be fabricated to the destruction of his person , his property , his religious freedom , his family and fame .

      Third . "It is a natural right o the Commons , and required by the principles of the British Constitution , that they elect a new House of Parliament every year ; because whenever a parliament continues in being for a longer period than ona session , then thousands , who since it was chosen have attained to man ' s estate , and are therefore entitled to enter into immediate possession of that elective power which is their best and most sacred inheritance , are in that case excluded from the enjoyment of political LIBERTY . "

      Now , my lord , when you have studied these three propositions well , you will have learned more sound and useful political knowledge than you ever did , or ever will do , f rom the speeches and writings of the "Patriarchal Patriot of half a century , " and all the writings of Gibbon and Robinson into the bargain . I hare the honour to be , my Lord , Your obedient , humble servant , Patkiuk O'Higoixs . Dublin , August 12 , 18 i 6 .

      To Fatbtck O'Ltlggiks, Esq. North Road, ...

      TO FATBtCK O ' ltlGGIKS , ESQ . North Road , Drogheda , Aug . 2 G , 1846 . Sir , —I write to express my admiration of your masterly exposure of the "knave in politics and hypoerite in religion , " which you are now making In the Northern Star , If what Cobbett says be true , that whenever it hypocrite is exposed , there is a service rendered to the public ; if this be true , you are rendering a most invaluable service to mankind by your complete unmii * kinji of the grtatest hypocrite and impostor that has appeared in the world since the days of Mahomet , I only regret that his poor dupes at home have not an opportunity of seeing your capital letters , which hold the old rascal up to the light of day . The thought has occurred to me frequently during the last two or three years , that it WOUld bB UlOSt desirable to see the life of O'Connell written by your masterly hand . This would be a work for the

      use of posterity , as there is not another man in Ireland who could do such justice to the subject ; for you are well acquainted with all his treasons against the working classes , whose cause he pretends to have at heart , and you COUld Shew that instead of his agitation having served his country , that the Landlord Commission hat proved the people worse off than any other people who now or at any other period inhabited the face of the earth . You could besides place on record , in a permanent form , a . true dcsoripf'nnnf the pack of scamps and smmn / ' -oio who surround him in Conciliation Hall , and who are kept from the hulks or poor house by the money they assist him to fleece from the poor gulls and dupes throughout the land . If such a work were published , about the size and the price of a volume of " Duffy's Library , " I think it would find a ready and a profitable market in every town and city in Great Britain .

      One would think on reading Dr . Doyle ' s " Letter on parties in Ireland , " written in 1825 , that he was describ . ing the Repeal Association of the present day . I wil 1 give one extract : — " Falsehood and slander are its heralds ; it has no reason or justice with it , but it is so clamorous and menacing , and so unblushing , as to overwhelm or confound whomsoever would approach it with argument , or seek to treat it on a basis just , honourable , or useful . This party , like Catiline and Cethigus , has collected into its ranks every spendthrift , every idler , every punished or unpunished malefactor , every public robber , and private delinquent ; all the gamblers , all those whom gluttony or extravagance has reduced to want ; in fine , all who love commotion , and who hope to live by corruption , or to rebuild their broken fortunes on the ruins of their country . "

      Hoping that you will excuse this liberty , I conclude bj wishing you every blessing which this world can afford and I remain your faithful servant , A Drogheda Chabtist ,

      Patrick O'Niggiss To 111s Couitespoudbst...

      PATRICK o ' niGGISS TO 111 S COUItESPOUDBSTS . Friends , —It would fill every column of the Star were 1 to do justice to my grateful feelings for the very flattering letters which I have received during the present month from England , Wales , Isle of Wight , Scotland , and Ireland . Friends , you do mc but common justice when you say that my addresses to ray own countrymen , residing in yours , have been written with the view and in the ardent hope of effecting a sincere and happy union and mutual cooperation for one great object—your own emancipation—between you and them . Patrick O'Higqins . Dublin , August 30 , 1 SW .

      Patrick O'Higgins And Daniel O'Connell. ...

      PATRICK O'HIGGINS AND DANIEL O'CONNELL . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR , 4 , Bridge Street , Westminster , September 1 , 181 C . Sir , —I have read with great attention and delight the letters of Mr . O'lliggins to "the Irishmen resident in London , " and though there is some little exaggeration in them , they contain a great deal of truth , which will be the means of keeping open the eyes of those that have been nlveauy pavlvaUj wlVgntened by the lute arbitary proceedings of the Repeal Association towards Mr . W . S . O'Brien and the Young Ireland party . " It is not many mouths since that the Association endeavoured to utiiliS the freedom of opinion here , which led ta tws-thirds of the London members leaving the Dublin Association rather than submit to such gross injustice . The effect

      has been that the weekly collection in London has dropped from between twenty and thirty pounds to about as many shillings ! The amount continually becom . in g" small by degrees , and beautifully less . " The opinion entertained by Irishmen in this metropolis as to the intentions of O'Connell in getting rid of Mr . W . S . O'Brien cannot he mistaken . Their confidence is at last shaken "in him , and many of them begin to say , " there is some truth in what Feargus O'Connor has saiil about Dan giving him the cold shoulder . " There is one thing which I should wish to direct your attention to , and that is "The Dungarvan Job . " Mr . O'Connell has stated at the Conciliation Hull that he left London as soon as the writ was issued , but he does not account for the time that he spent in London from the day that 1 ' uel went out of office 'till the writ for Dungarvan was issued . Mr . O'Conn- ?!! must have known from his connexion

      with the Whigs that there was nineteen chances out of twenty but that Shiel , the placelmnter , would squeeze into a birth somewhere , Mr . O'Connell ought then to have gone down te Dungarvan and put the electors of that borough in readiness , and had they not been wanted then they would have been better prepared for next time . But instead of doing this , he stays in London coquetting with the Whigs until the last moment , then posts off to Dublin , knowing well that he could gull poor Pat , and at the same time refers the case [ to a committee of the Association , composed of those who live upon the funds of the Association and do his dirty work . At a meeting at which this great Whig Itepcaler attended some few

      years ago in Theobald's Koad , he stated he was the best abused man [ in the world , and I recollect him saying , " That whilethe London Tress abused him the people might depend he was in the right , but as soon as they commenced to praise him they might depend that he was not serving Ireland . " Is not this the precise case at present ; the [ press Jis . fondling over him , for instance ; The Times is covering him with the slime of the Whig serpent , and other journals are following in its wake . I could mention innumerable instances of his deception . 15 ut it is now evident that he will not be able to foist his son John upon the Irish people . Thank Heaven there is at last a party in Ireland determined to steer clear of faction , and wh « are independent of O'Connell and his

      Patrick O'Higgins And Daniel O'Connell. ...

      satellites . It was he that taught them not to put theie trust ui the "baseand brutal Whigs , " and when they act upon his advice they are driven out the association , because like men they have learnt to value principle . In conclusion I have to state that the letters of Mr O'llig gins are read by many of the most intelligent of his countrymen in London , and although the effect will not be seen immediately , it is not far distant . It is with pain I have to state it , that there is a great prejudice existing between the Chartists and Irishmen in London . Now is the time for Mr , O'Connor to come forward , and be the bearer of the Olive Branch of peace , and unite the two parties in the bond of political brotherhood . Trusting that this will be some day accomplished , and that but one interest will actuate the working classes of England and Ireland , and that Mr . O'Connor will allow himself to be the medium by which this happy state of things may be brought about .

      He will find on mixing amongst his countrymen strong feelings of love and attachment , which O'Covmellism has not yet obliterated . I am , Sir , yours most obedient , A London Repeal Warden .

      Imperial Parliament

      Imperial parliament

      House Of Lords , Fribat, Aug. 28. Severa...

      HOUSE OF LORDS , Fribat , Aug . 28 . Several Bills received the Royal Assent by commission , and the Lord Chancellor read hev Majesty ' s speech from the Woolsack . " My lards and Gentlemen , ' We are commanded by her Majesty to express to you the warm acknowledgments of her Majesty for the public spirit you have evinced in the discharge of your laborious duties during an anxious and protracted session . " Her Majesty trusts that you will be rewarded by witnessing the beneficial results of the measures which have been sanctioned by her Majesty for the present relaxation and ultimate repeal of protective duties on corn and sugar .

      Her Majesty entertains a confident hope that the more free admission of the produce of foreign countries into the home market will increase the comforts and better the condition of the great body of the people . " Her Majesty feels the greatest , satisfaction in reflecting that her Majesty's efforts to settle , in a manner consistent with national honour the conflicting claims of Great Britain and the United States , with respect to the territory on the North West coast of America , have been completely successful . " Ilcr Majesty continues to receive from all Foreign Powers the strongest assurance of their desire to cultivate friendly relations with this country . " Her . Maiesty commands us to congratulate vou on the victorious course and happy conclusion or tie war in India , and her Majesty has much gratification in announcing to you that perfect tranquillity prevails throughout the whole of the British possessions in that quarter of the world .

      " Gentlemen of the House of Commons , " Her Majesty has observed with satisfaction the care you have taken to prevent permanent loss to the revenue , and to maintain the public faith . " Her Majesty has commanded uy to acknowledge the zeal and unanimity with which you have assented to the increase in the naval and military estimates which a regard to the exigences of the public service induced Iler Majesty to propose for your consideration . " My Lords and Gentlemen , " Her Majesty has to lament that the recurrence of a failure in the potatoecrop , in an aggravated degree , will cause a serious deficiency in the quantity of a material article of food .

      '' Her Majesty has given her cordial assent to measures by which this calamity may be mitigated in that part of the United Kingdom where the cultivation of the potatoe'has hitherto ' afforded the chief supply for the subsistence of the people . " Her Majesty has seen with pleasure that a considerable diminution of crime and outrage has taken place in those counties of Ireland which had been most disturbed . " Her Majesty is confident , on your return to your « o « n « il counties , vou will find a spirit of loyalty c ° rally prevalent , the extension of m > iks ui'lmprovement has increased the demand for labour , and the tranquillity ^? the country has favoured the pursuits of industry in all its branches . " Her Majesty trusts that by a combination of prudence with enterprise , and of a willing obedience to law with a desire for social progress , her people will , through the divine blessing , enjoy the full advantages of peace . "

      At the conclusion of the Speech , the Commission for the Prorogation was read , and the Lord Chancellor , in the terms of the commission , then declared Parliament to be prorogued until Wednesday , the 4 th day of November next . In the House of Commons a new wi it was ordered for Derby , in the rotmi of Mr . Strutt , appointed a Commissioner of the Railway Board . In answer to a question from Mr . Protheroe , Sir George Grey stated , on authority , that promotion in the police force was not consequent upon the number of convictions obtained , but on entirely different grounds ; and in answer to Mr , Wakley , as to the maltreatment of a witness examined before the Andover Union Committee on his return to that place by the Poor-law authorities , the right lion , baronet stated that the subject should receive Ins serious convictions .

      Jforeujtt Heiueix

      jforeujtt Heiueix

      From France The General Intelligence Of ...

      From FRANCE the general Intelligence of the week is meagre and of little interest . In our seventh page will be found an account of the conviction awl sentence of Joseph Henri , who has been condemned to perpetual hard labour at the Bagne . The sentence has excited considerable astonishment in Paris , where the opinion prevails that Henri is a mere maniac . It is only fair to state that there is another opinion entertained by some , that the whole affair was a hoax got up by the police to serve ministerial ends in the recent elections , and that the sentence just passed is all a sham , which will never be put into actual operation . Indeed , some days ago we heard a

      rumour that IIkxri had been sent over to KngUmd , and was at that time at Dover . We must say that we do not credit this report , although there can be no doubt that Guizot and Co . are . ' ouite capable of such a piece of villainous humbug . In the Chamber of Deputies , on Saturday , M . Sauxet ( Ministerialist ) was elected President . M . Sauzet had 223 votes , and his principal opponent , Oilillon Barrot , 9 S . One of the deputies , M . Dessaignc ( Ministerialist ) , has commenced an action at law for defamation against certain electors who issued it protest against Iiis return . The deputy for Poitiers , M . Drault , has been deprived of his seat , because he had given a pledge to his constituents to support electoral reform , founded on the formal recognition of the

      principle that taxes ought to be voted by all those who pay them ; 2 . Parliamentary reform , which sli . tU exclude public functionaries from the Chamber ; 3 . Liberty of education , without any preventative measure ; i . The suppression of all sinecures and useless expenses ; 5 . The refusal of all dotation ; 6 . The rc-establishment of the honour and dignity of { France . " In the course of the discussion , M . Guizot vehemently supported the expulsion of the deputy , and in a long harangue gr . ve expression to some most bare-faced hypocritical sophisms , such as : — " The merit , the wisdom , and the beauty of the government was , that nowhere was absolute power to bo found in it . " " Among them every where free examination and public discussion attached to all the problems , to all the acts of the

      government , and nothing was possible , nothing became definitively'the law of the country , which had not previously been discussed—discussed everywhere , and by everybody . " " One great fact is made manifest in the recent elections . The country has given its adhesion , its serious and free adhesion , to the policy which was presented befare it . Do not search for an explanation of the fact in any pretended manoeuvres and electoral inheres . Take it as the veritable sentiment of the country on its intelligence , in the idea which it has formed of the situation and of the conduct of the government . " Our readers will admit that these are matchless specimens of " lying made easy . " If svuy doubt , let them read the following important communication and their doubts will be at once satisfied : —

      ( From our own Correspondent . J The Chambers are now assembled , The Chamber of Peers have , as usual , nothing to do , now that they have disposed of the case of Joseph Henry , the newfashioned regicide . The Chamber of Deputies are busily engaged in verifying the returns of members , and they profit by this opportunity to show the spirit which animates them . Ntver , since tUe vcvoluticm of IS 30 , has there been displayed such barefaced impudence and contempt of public opinion . Thrte-tifths , at least , of the Deputies are thorough friends of the ministry ; or , in other words , either great capitalists , stock-jobbers and

      From France The General Intelligence Of ...

      railway speculators of .. < U f-m V . nmsng * . hwktvs / s ,, larg « manufacturers , ett ., it ii . hU- ^ obedient servantsts : The present legislature if , muit il-hi ' Miy preceding oncic , the fulfilment of the word . ' oi l .-., nitiH . the day after thdie revolution of J „ iy : HencHw-. l , w < -, - . be bankers , shall ! govern France . It i » th « * m . ' milting proof that thiii . government of . France fc -, „ , W W , of the ' greatafc rC , l-T ? CrHCi ' ' the -W' - '" ... W « fc . The fate oftf fn ? kTp i * ?*'""* "" - ' ,: M " " > ' « be Tuileries , noni iould , and the rest of tl-, vi „ ,.,... > u , ,--tremendous fortune , ma " i ) ZT , > l * ' ' ? ' wl , 0 , se ; e „ .... » o « ., « . „ f ... " . ma . fctllltl" ! n * most eminent repre . B . sentatives of the rest of hw "

      > , , * «/ Ti . ^ . :: ss- 2 Sfe . 5 » 4 ' ^?"'' S » i .. { . „ ° " i ;' . * - ™* Mstem , and totlioseie who profit by , ftU ij |» UA ; - hri- « fcrr , fc d . TU . tiWthWv have hada most signal »! . «*** , -. . v ., . utncnt patronage e and bribery of erer , y desenj . t-:,, / , , imii . cd to the influence ' *! of the chief capitalists , ujhii ; •„ 1 iimit < i number of voter * - * ( less than 200 , 600 ) , who sili l .- > 1 .., i , more or less , totheirir ownclass , the terror spread tinning' monied men by thee timely attempt to shoot the ' . iny , » : ¦(> ultimately thecer-rtainty that Louis-Philip /" ' !< ili m . r snrvive the pres ' eiitit Chambers ( whose power * >!» jiii > in ift-M ) , all these things * united were sufficient to ij'in . rii s < ll ^ trious opposition ir . r . most of the eUctiveassenibli ^ . A ml now , this precious . s Chamber having met , tfc' - . v i » V . yr « per care of them . i .

      stives . The independent » Ifot-uv . l . » . ve sent In hundreds of petitions and protest- ; ^ m" ^ iKr . returns of mints .:, terial members , stating ami | T . j > iUK . („ ottering to prove , ! , that almost in etery case 'lit eltt-ii' - ' is have been carriedi by the grossest illeyaliiii-v ciiiuii-iiiocl bj governmentt officers ; proving bribery . . oii ! i ,, iinr .. intimidation , patronage of every descripti . -. i . r „ h it i > fci-en employed . Butt the majority never take for , 11-. W ,-. „ tice oi these facts . ; . Every opposition deputy v , h ., , M > fs his Toicc to protestt against such abomination U Wi . ttrt fl 0 wn by hisses ,, noise , or cries of "Division , , < iY > M „„ . " Kvery illegality f is covered b y a sanctioning . „ u . The money lords re- - joice in the > r strength , ami ~ r . *»>„• -, it > vill not last very j long , they make the best ., / tU y ,-.,, ^ raonu-nt . Von i may easily imagine that vvv w u , i > i . nrrow circle of

      capitalists there exists a & \ ,. , uioii against the J present government , and il „ ,, , vi . „>« . interests it serves .. fhe centre of this opposi ' . i .,,, u I' ,.-is , where the money , lords nave so little inflWe ,. p „„ ..-.. cstituencies , that off the fourteen deputies of tin ( U pMimemtof the Seine only j two are ministerialists ait < 5 . i »>| v belong to the opposition . The majority of tt . t middle ci- ^ s , voters of Paris ,, belong to the party of Tl . in * wl o . Barrot ; they wantt to do away with the exclusive n , W i . i ' . rcotlischild and Co .,, to recover an honourabl- . im' inrif ^ ndent position forr France in her external rr ); ii . ii , i ,. \ ¦ „ ,,, ] perhaps a little bitt of electoral reform . Th < -. iimniin , „ non-voting tradesmen , shopkeepers , iic , *» .. ; - , . wore radical cast , anil demand an electoral reform . «¦ hich would give them the i vote ; a number of then , * . rt > . U purtixans of the iYational or Reforme , and join tlicui « . * h ts j 0 the democratic

      party , which embraces tne » -ft » i Imlk of the working classes , and is itself divided inn , dittWtnt sections , the most numerous of which , »\ trust iu Paris , is formed by the Communists . The pi- *« in -. stem is . attacked bj all these different sections , jinii , . ifeonrse , by each in a dif . ferent manner . But then , has be * ., Harted , a short time ago , a . new mode of attooV i > V \ .- \ l Reserves to be mentioned . A working man 1 ms » i-Utt u a pamphlet against the head of the system , not k-mhsv l-ouis-Philippe , but against "Rothschild I . King > -i iht . f > ws . " The success of ibis pamphlet , ( it has ...-tv « r . llt On-ough some twent y editions , ) shows how mm-li ibi . « - . vhS an attack in the right direction . King Fi > : i . ; -t hild has bren obliged to publish two defences aguii . st . th « t Mucks of a man whom nobody knows , and the wh « U i : ( -viio-tproperty consists in the suit of clothes he we ** - * . T „ , ,. ubHc have taken up the controversy wilh the jjiv : 'U < i interest . Some thirty pamphlets have been publi > . bnl in- * stndvon . The hatred

      a German paper says , R ' . ilivi-liild ,.-ight take this as a warning that he had ghim- ti . ! .. up his head-quarters somewhere else than upc-n : '• ' •; *» u ' -burning volcano o £ Paris . From f-lAIN we have thesatisi ' actor ; im-Ui ^ twe , that the " Marriage Question" is at law settled—satisfactory on this ground , that we ihall ww n rdieved from the eternal rubbish which all papers ., English , French , and Spanish , have betu i >* .-t ;} u « i with , relative to tliis subject . It is nov . \ , Louts Philippe , has therefore attained the end nt W long desired . True ,

      his son does not marry iht Queen , '' but he will marry her who in all pri > u » bilitv will be the Queen , her puny sister not boinj . ' very likely to have heirs , or even to live long . A ¦ liners 1 l'ioies , cupelled some time since from the rresidenfiiiip of the South American Republic of Yeiikoi " - . ';« organizing a brigand force of Spanish and other adventurers to invade the country out of uIlk-ii Ue was ignonhnously driven , The Spanish jrowmmit is conniving at this villainous scheme . 1 VV i ! i «¦ not Lord Pnhnerston put a stop to it ? A certain Major Wright is in Ireland beating up for recruit- to nid in this cutthioat cApculilon . Wc wsfni tut Irish people to liavc nothing to do with such an enterprise . Let them remember the fate of the !!' , ritisb Legion under Evans , which was chiefly composed nl Irishmen , TOO of whom left their bones in Spaie . i <> s-sty it ; filing of the sufferings of the miserable survivors .

      From SWITZKiiL-. M .. we learn that the Swk-s \)\ n \* i educed to such a state of division , that ii h a * been unable to form a majority on any impomur ijii-.-tion . The affiiirs of the convents of Arpui and Thargau lias been argued , but has been found impossible to decide on , and the realt of four siiuTtvrii on the question of the Jesuits has been eoua / ly iurircisire . The majority nquired for a legal vou is Instates , but in nonehas the number exceeded I'l ^ .. From

      ITALY we have news that the I ' opv and Cardinal Gizzi were busily engaged in iirepKriii «; ih : ]> ro < jramme- of their contemplated civil and political reforms . A copy of that document wa . s even said to have b ecu communicated to the An-tri ^ ii Ambassador , who vainly remonstrated with bis Holiness against its publication . In our seventh page will \< t . ' mind some rather interesting intelligence from POJ . A . Vk

      from which it appears thai tin-. Russian Government contemplates doing awa > with the feudal services o £ various kinds to which tin- inhabitants of the "Kingdom of Poland" arc sublet . ' We are compelled by want of space to postpone comment upon this hypocritical and designing piece ot . wetended liberality , Enough for the present that »¦<• place on reccord another proof of the real ch & ni < ter- of the miscreant Tsar . The following is an exti ' at't of a letter from Warsaw of the 2 ? th of . iiigust :- — " Yesterday the Warsaw Courier published it new ukase from the

      Emperor , which states that all persons condemned to hard labour for life in the Kingdom of Poland , and even all those condemned U « hiU'd labour and to imprisonment for stated periiu ^ . if their imprisonment has yet five years to run , shall be sent to Siberia . The first-namt'd . "hall be employed for 20 yenrs in the mines , and shall be colonists for the rest of their days . The others shall he employed in mines or at fortification ^ for ihc luilfof their time which their punishment would have lasted in Poland , but they are also to remain tvr the rest of their lives in Siberia . "

      From the VMTEi i STATES we have intelligence of ti . e adjournment of Congress , and the expressed desire » i' the I ' resident to conclude peace with Mexico . Prc-viuiii ii > the adjournment , the President sent a mosjagt in Congress , asking an appropriation of two million-- of d « . jinrs to bo placed under his control , to enable him to negotiate a peace . A bill to this ctfec ' . was adopted in the House of Representatives , but wa ^ let-t ir > the Senate ; the President lias now , thercforr , the responsibility of the war entirely upon hi ? mmi intnils . The two millions of dollars " were intended i ' nr the purchase of California , what the President » iil do now it isnofc easy to foretell ; one thing is vevtam . the American army is making no progress in Mexico , and the war , owhig to thecost , isbeconiiri ! : ' vci '' -unpopular throughout the States ; the sooner , liu'iribre , peace can be brought about , the better fur I ' rcsi . lent Polk . From

      THE RI' K / . ' n . ATE we have news of a vicim-v gained by General Rivera , at Las Vivoras , over a division of Rosas ' invading army , commanded by . Montoro . This has been followed by a battle between Garibaldi , at the head of the Italian Legion , am ! the troops belonging to Lamas and Verrarra : the i ' iiriuor were vict riotts . These successes must inspire tiic Montevfdeans with confidence , but we fear lite termination of this murderous war is vet far disiam .

      Dekuv Election.—On '1'Hui'mhi.V Mr. Strutt Was. _ _ I _. _ 1 .» Iii I,I ¦ ' ... 11 • I

      Dekuv Election . —On ' 1 'hui'Mhi . v Mr . Strutt was . _ _ i _ . _ 1 . » iii i , i ¦ ' ... 11 i

      - Um Jui .Ucruy. M; Ouwo Ot Lite Pou, Nu...

      - um jui . ucruy . m ; ouwo Ot lite pou , numbers wore—Strutt < . Whijr > , S-. LS ; Mackworth ( Conservative ) , 231;—majority ' for Strutt , - ? 0 i . Royal 'Poiytecilvjc Lwitii i (•• , • • . —The chemical lecturer to this most cxv ^ W-m ^ ij-WWumeut , Dr . John Ryan , has commenced Icciuriug on the subject of artificial light , exbibiiinr ; the theory of combustion , and of luminous name , fn these lectures the learned doctor is very c areful in pointing out the laws of combustion—the nai tire of our hydro-carbons , and the necessity for presence ufftdid matter in Hamc , in order that light may be piv . hicwl . llis expenments in proof of these posiii <<«\ woro ccrtaw y nost i ^ ss & s ^"? 'y |« mSS »«««•*»> ' • ' " ¦"• ¦ ' ! iniTOtms okjects .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 5, 1846, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_05091846/page/1/