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    • Crates' #to&emat&
    • THE NOETHEM STAR. SATTJKDAY, JUKE 7,18i5.
    • Co &ea&ersi $c Corr^oiaie nt s
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      The Nohtheltn Star ^^Jh M^

      THE NOHTHEltN STAR ^^ Jh m ^

      Crates' #To&Emat&

      Crates' # to & emat &

      '^^Vsalot Ffl^Rh71 W£! ~-Swih&Kcx10s Of ...

      ' ^^ vSalOT ffl ^ rH 71 w £ ! ~ -SWIH & KCX 10 S OF THE Un ££ l 5 w Pboiection SociETr .-lswsp OF i r-The 26 th of May being the day ^ pointed foTtte ' ceJebration of the establishment of thesecfi— a substantial dinner was provided by the worthy host and hostess , Mr . and Mrs . Man , at the . Exeter Inn . Queen-street , to which upwards of sixty sat down . Ob the cloth being removed , Mr . Charles Maunder , delegate to th e late Conference of the trade , was unanimously called to the chair , who opened the proceedings of the meeting by observing that hefelfcproudat being their president on so interestingan occasion , the more so , as he had been their representativeintheTailors 'Parliament . Hehoped the meeting would pay attention to the business that

      had to be done ; he would not waste more of their time , but call upon Mr . Fox , the secretary of thesection , to give the first toast . —Mr . Fox gave , " The United Tailors' Protection Society of Great Britain : may its principles ere long be promulgated and adopted by all in the trade throughout the country !" The toast was drank with ah * the usual honours . — Mr . Hugo , in a neat speech , gave "The Executive Council : may they receive that support which will encourage them to prosecute the work they have so nobly begun . " Mr . Maunder responded on behalf of Ms colleagues , and was followed by Mr . Colbeek , who ably reviewed the past and present state oi the trade , as also the services ofthe Executive . —Mr . Fox then gave "The health of our truly praiseworthy chairman , Mr . Maunder , our delegate to the Conference ,

      for whose firm and untiring exertions we shall ever feel grateful" The whole assembly here gave the song "He is a jolly good fellow , " with three times three . Mr . Maunder thanked them for their gratitude , and hoped that he should continue to he , what they had long found him to endeavour to he—an honest fellow labourer . ( Cheers . )—Mr . Aylenthen gave " The Jersey section : may they be as strong in friendship as they are in numbers , and may their officers never relax in their exertions . " Several patriotic songs and toasts were afterwards given . This being the first anniversary of labour in union in Jersey , naturally created excitement ; the more so , when they beheld the Union flag flying with the tricolour , surmounted with beautiful caps of liberty ; and ' * Union ! union ! " was the departing shout of neary every one .

      Address of ihe Scottish Delegates Assembled Mb the Purpose of Forming the National Trades ' Usios . —Fellow-Workmen , —Bow often has it been sounded in our ears , that " Britons never would be slaves , " and in the face , too , of all the misery and degradation which so universally prevail amongst the working classes of this empire . We are aware that different parties hare attributed this to different causes ; among others , over population , introduction and improvements of machinery , and restrictions on tradeand commerce ; but , after due deliberation , it is onr own solemn conviction that the great radical evil of all , of which we complain , arises from the want ef a proper understanding of the true position we ought to hold in society ; for if it be a fact that labour is ihe source of all wealth , then how has our state and character as the producers of this wealth become so contemptible and degraded in the eyes ofthe capitalists of this country ? Solely because we have been educated to consider that lie existence of rich and

      poor was a law fixed both by religion and nature : a greater insult , perhaps , never was offered in the face ofthe Deity , who lias declared lie is no respecter of persons . —Fellow-men ! Seeing that all parties have tailed to point out a remedy for the evils which exist in society , and after many Jong and arduous struggles as isolated Trades' Unions , we have been unable to emancipate ourselves—the fact is , that , so long as we remain so , we must be the prey of every designing individual and parry ; we would therefore earnestly call upon those trades who are already organised to stand forth , and , by their example , endeavour to infuse a new spirit into those who have allowed their former organisation to go down , or who have never as yet been organised as Trades' bodies . The objects -which we have in -view arc , to put the working classes on a more lasting and secure union than ever could , by any possible means , he accomplished by any individual trade , however numerous that trade

      ought be , and to form , when we have the opportunity a powerful security for Labour , by _ convincing the various trades that the combination of all the labouring classes in one Uuion , to uphold one another when threatened by imposition of any description , is the only mode by which they can emerge from theposition they hold in society . The delegates who have already been appointed by the Trades , do earnestly call on those trades not yet represented to hold meetings , for the purpose of electing delegates to represent them at the meetings held on the Wednes day evenings , at eight o ' clock , in the Teetotal Chapel , Kelson-street , where the delegates already chosen sit for the purpose of framing laws and devising means for placing the Union on principles which are likely to endure . We are , fellow-workmen , yours , & c , The Delegates . Glasgow , 22 nd May , 1845 . Those trades who may have any suggestion to offer will be so good as to address Peter M'Jnner , 2 ? o . 17 , Balmonno-street .

      Yorkshire . —The next General Delegate Meeting of file Miners of Yorkshire will be held at the house of Mr . Robert Wilson , the Waggon and Horses Inn , Ossett-street , on Saturday , June 14 th , 1845 , to commence at eleven o ' clock in the forenoon . Lancashire Mixebs . —The turnout atMessrs . Swire and Lees ' , in the Ashton district , still continues , and the brave fellows seem as determined as ever . On Monday last they had a splendid procession through Ashton , Stalybridge , Hvde , and Dukinfield . The men on strike were joined by a great number of their mining brethren from other pits in the neighbourhood , and preceded by a band of music . There were jfeo numerous flags and banners inscribed with appropriate mottoes , and the whole scene was truly

      magnificent It was late in the evening when Mr . Roberts arrived , owing to important engagements at Bury ; as soon , however , as his arrival was made known , the procession moved on to the place of meeting , . near to tbe Half Moon , in Dukinfield , the band playing , " See the Conquering Hero comes . " Mr . Charles Parkinson was called to the chair , who opened the business by a brief bat truly eloquent speech . The meeting was subsequently addressed by W . P . Roberts , Esq ., Messrs . Davies , Clark , and Wild . After giving three cheers for the Union , the large assembly peaceably dispersed . The Mixers , late in the employ of Messrs . Swire and Lees , return their sincere thanks to the men of

      Burslem for their liberal donation of £ 2 lis . ; and should any of the trades at a distance feel disposed to contribute anything towards the 243 men now on strike , it would be thankfully received , and the amount notified in the Northern Star . All orders to be ' made payable to Mr . Joseph Brookbank , care of Mrs . Elliot , Miners' Arms , Dukinfield , Cheshire . The sext Gexeral Delegate Meetisg of Lancashire Mikees well be held at the sign of the King William , Platt-bridge , near Wigan , on Monday , 16 th Jane ; chair to be taken at 11 o ' clock in the forenoon . There wiU also he a public meeting , which will be addressed by W . P . Roberts , Esq ., and several other gentlemen . The levy for the fortnight , including general contribution , is Is . 8 d . per member .

      The Coedwaixers' Association . —Since the late Conference , this association has been making rapid progress in the metropolis , as the reports in onr paper for the last few weeks testify . We have already noticed that three out of the four great branches of the London-Men ' s trade have given in their adhesion ; and now we have to add that the Borough Men ' s-men have done the same . Exeter also has lately become a section , and from letters which have arrived in London , we learn that the Men ' s-men of Cork , and both branches of the trade in Belfast , are expected to follow the example as soon as the delegate from England goes amongst them , which it is supposed will be is the course of next week .

      Strike of Chaqoiakbbs . —The men lately in the employment of Wood Brothers , at Wolverhampton , are on strike , occasioned by the resistance of that firm to the just demands of the men for an advance of wages , and their persecution of the Chainmakers ' Union . » e have received an account of this strike hut so illegibly written as to prevent us giving the particulars . Ddxcombe Testbiosial . —Central Committee of Trades , dsc ., 12 , St Martin ' s-Jane , Wednesday , June 4 th ; Mr . J . Grassby , Carpenter , in the chair . — The following sums were received : —Mr . John Brown , per Edmund Stallwood , 2 s . ; Air . Manning , tailor , 2 s . 6 d . ; per Air . Wilkinson , the subscription of a few Hatters , 15 s . 9 d . ; per John Jones , of Bowler'sshop

      ( Hatters ) , 4 s . 3 d . ; per Air . If . Williams , on behalf ofthe Gilders ' meeting at the Green Man , Berwickstreet , £ 1 ; per Air . T . Fairer , the proceeds of an harmonic meeting at the Feathers , Ids . 4 d . ; per do ., Srefits on sale of Northern Star , 10 s . ; per Mr . Evan ones , Shoemaker , the result of a penny subscription , 2 s . 6 d . ; per Thomas Carey , a subscription at Mr . Robertson's shop , 3 s . Gd . ; per Mr . Amos , Hatter ( second contribution ) , 8 s . ; per Messrs . John Shaw and John Frazer , on behalf of the Limehouse Local Committee , £ 18 s . 3 d . ; per Mr . A . Sharp , 8 s . ; per W . Smith , Air . Dickinson , 2 s . 6 d . ; per Mr . J . Moore , Coach Trimmer , 2 s . 6 d . ; Mr . W . Shaw and friends , 3 s . 6 d . ; per Mr . Pattenden . Marvlebone

      Chartist locality , 3 s . 3 d . ; per Messrs . Hornby and Humphries , the fourth subscription from Somei-s Town District Committee , £ 110 s . lOd . ; per Mr . W . Flower , Brighton , on behalf of Local Committee , 42 Os . 6 d . ; per Mr . R , C . Payne , Ilaletead ( secondsub ficription ) , 10 s . ; from the Working Men ' s Mutual Improvement Society , Land port , Portsea , 16 s . 6 d . ; fiwn Glossop , per Mr . John Sears , £ 2 4 s . ; nmnAortharopton , per Mr . AInnday , on behalf of Chartists , 18 s . 4 d . ; from Sheffield , per Mr . Hamtaond , on behalf of the haft-pressers , 9 s . ; from Coventry district committee , per Mr Butler ( second sEft ° * ** £ *•¦ ' from Southampton ; a fvw S sfiVp = / " ? , tL ? ^" Moul ders '

      '^^Vsalot Ffl^Rh71 W£! ~-Swih&Kcx10s Of ...

      and Pimlico district committee , per Mr . W . Dixon , the amount of six ball tickets , 3 s . ; per Wm . Cufiay , a collection from a few Tailors ( third subscription ) , 2 s . 6 VL ; per Mr . H . Stallwood , on behalf of the Great Mariow district committee ( second subscription ) , £ 1 19 s . lOd . On the motion of Messrs . £ . Stallwood and T . Barrett , it was nnanimonsly resolved "That the General Secretary convene a special general meeting of the Central Committee on Wed nesday evening next , and that the General Finshury Committee be requested to send a deputation to such meeting , to take into consideration what further steps shall be adopted . " Agreed to . A special general meeting of the committee will therefore be held at the Parthenium Rooms , 72 , St . Martin ' s-lane , on Wednesday evening next , June 11 th , at half-past eight precisely .

      Persecution Of Mr. D. Ross.—Huddersmeld....

      Persecution of Mr . D . Ross . —Huddersmeld . —A meeting was holden in the Guildhall , on Wednesday evening , tbe 4 th of June , ior the purpose of giving Air . David Ross , of Leeds , an opportunity of clearing his character from serious charges Brought against him by Dr . Coffin , of Leeds , and also of hearing his statements relative to the practice of Dr . Coffin . Air . Ross addressed the meeting for upwards of two hours in a most eloquent manner ; after which two gentlemen , servantsof Dr . Coffin , gave statements to themeetingon the Doctor ' s side , hut failed in producing any favourable impression for the Doctor . The meeting concluded at twelve o ' clock , by adopting the following resolution : — " Resolved , That this meeting having heard the statement of Mi * . David Ross , of Leeds , concerning his connection with Dr . Coffin ; and also the manner in which Dr . Coffin has

      tr eated him ; is of opinion that David Ross is worthy ofthe confidence of the people of Huddersfield , and of the public in general ; and that the people , of Huddersfield open a subscription to enable Mr . Ross to meet Dr . Coffin at York , to defend himself in an action at law which the Doctor has instituted against him . " The Hall was densely crowded . Faxai . Colliery Accurst . —On Saturday last a fatal accident occurred at St . Helen's Auckland Colliery , by which a collier named Joseph Richardson was killed . The deceased had just commenced his work , when a large stone fell from the roof and killed him on thespot . On Monday an inquest was held on the body before William Trotter , Esq ., coroner , and a verdict of accidental death was returned . The deceased was an untiring advocate of the rights of Labour ; and of him it may be truly said , that a warmer heart death ne ' er made cold .

      The Noethem Star. Sattjkday, Juke 7,18i5.

      THE NOETHEM STAR . SATTJKDAY , JUKE 7 , 18 i 5 .

      "Philosophy" And Common Sense. "Divine P...

      " PHILOSOPHY" AND COMMON SENSE . "DIVINE PROVIDENCE" AND "LONG HOURS . " " Pbtlosomiy" has been the curse of onr time ! Whenever any cruelty had to be perpetrated , or any measure founded on justice and -common humanity had to be defeated , " philosophy" was sure to be appealed to—to be adduced ; and its dictum has , unfortunately , been too often received and relied on , to the nprooting of natural feeling and the destruction of all just principle of action .

      When the enormous debt and crushing taxation in combination with the devastating effects of Bank Restriction and Peel ' s Bill , —all consequent on the unholy wars undertaken to " put down " the rising spirit of liberty , —had produced their natural results , an impoverished people ; when wealth had been abstracted from the hands of its producers , through the operation of the all-absorbing engine of papermoneyana high taxation , into the lap of the " greediest and most inexorable of tyrants , " and every tenth mau in England converted into a " pauper "—or a liver , to more or less extent , on the poor-rates ; when the

      sum originally levied for that description of poor which we "have" and always shall " have with ns "—the maimed , the infirm , the misfor tunate , the lame , and the blind —was increased from £ 1 , 720 , 316 , in the year 1776 to £ 9 , 320 , 440 in 1817 ; when this was the case , and when this frightful extent of " pauperism" was increasing on every hand , a Philosopher arose , named Malthcs , who set to work not to show how we were to get rid ofthe debt , by an equitable adjusthext between the nation and its creditors ; not to remedy the all-devastating effects of Peel ' s Bill ;

      not to arrest the downward progress to national bankruptcy , caused by the enforcement of a taxation imposed in a depreciated currency , and meeting " engagements , made inpaper rags , " with payments in gold of "full tall and fineness , " not to " tear the leaves out of the accursed red book , " and rid the nation of the " dead weight" that was pressing it into the earth ; not to reduce the salaries of the judges and the officers of State to the amount they were fixed at by Act of Parliament before the " Augmenting Act" was obtained , to enable them to meet the high prices of provisions caused by the

      depreciated paper currency ; not to put a stop to " grants " of public money to public servants for services performed , even after they had been regularly paid for these services , and even after they had engaged to give those services for thejwp ; not to discontinue the extravagant " allowances" and thew ' neeurejpfaees , given as rewards for political tergiversation and perfidy towards the people ; not to dock the pension-list of one single name , —for on tltat- list appeared Parson Maithos Mmseif ! he being a Iasy pensioner on the means of the producers of wealth to his dying day , besides enjoying his portion of that " church

      plunder" which was originally " set apart" for the erection and repair of the church edifices , the maintenance of ibe pooa and ihe STRANGER , and the keep of tiie priest : it was not to do any or all of these things that Pensioner Parson Mamhcb jiftiiotophised : but it was to inculcate the impious dogma that the poor have no right to live ; that " a man , horn into a world already possessed , if he cannot get subsistence from his parents , on whom he has a just demand , and if society does not want his labour , has no claim of right to the smallest portion of food , and , in fact , no business to be where he is : at Nature ' s

      mighty feast there is no vacant cover for him : she tens him to be gone : " it was to inculcate these atrocities , that the pensioner , the liver on the labour of others , wrote his book , and deliberately proposed that a law should be enacted , providing , "that no child born from any marriage taking place after the expiration of a year from the date of that law , should bo entitled io parochial relief , " thereby hoping to put a " check" to that "pauperism" which , in tbe increased and increasing amount of poor-rates , threatened "to eat up the estates . " It was to inculcate such impious doctrines as these , and to promote such heartless measures of starvation and

      death for the children of the toilers , that the pensioned parson , —with every morsel of food he swallowed and every rag of clothing on his back , purchased by taxes wrung from the parents of those whom he was thus seeking to doom to a lingering death , —laboured with his pen : and his teachings were so congenial to those who , like himself , lived out of the taxes , or who were otherwise bound up in the existence of the ACCURSED THING , that they eagerly imbibed his " principles , " and puffed the pensioner off as a very saviour .

      Again . In 1834 , when the evil effects of debt and taxation , and Bank restriction , and Peel ' b-Bill produced-low-prices-witli-depreciated-paper-moneygagements , had manifested themselves more unequivocally ; when " pauperism" wasstriding overthe land , when the Corn Laws of 1815 and of 1822 had failed to secure 82 s . a quarter for wheat , and Peel's Bill had caused the estates to be jeopardised—in danger of falling into the hands of the Jews , through mortgages made in a depreciated currency ; when , to keep THE THING on its legs , it vms necessary to gel further at Hie wages of labour—to " reduce tbe labourers of England to live on a coarser sort of food ; " when this was the

      ease , we had more " philosophy I" A heartless mountebank ; a man who has earned a character for untafeness ; he , that has betrayed every person , every party , and every cause , that has confided in him , or been confided to him ; he , that tried to prevent Quires Carouse from coming to England to face her accusers , and proposed to her that she should live on the Continent , on an allowasce drawn from the pockets of that people against whom such an act would have been an admission of TREASON ; he , that basely deserted the persecuted Queen , when entrusted with her defence , and left matters easily answered , totally unexplained , with all tkeir appearance of guilt against his unlucky " client : " he , that tried to

      "Philosophy" And Common Sense. "Divine P...

      wheedle the constituency of Westminster into the electing of him as their member , in the place of Lord Cochrane , by pretending to advocate Universal Suffrage and Annual Parliaments , — writing out his speech , in favour of those two " points , " in his own hand , that there might "be no mistake" —and who , when petitions for these same two " points , " —Universal Suffrage and Annual Parliaments , —were presented by Lord Cochrane , signed by a million and a half of Englishmen , sneered at them , and called the " points , "—his own adopted " points , "— * ' little nostrums for big

      blunders ; " he , that prevailed on the Yorkshire crackskulls to elect him M . P . for that county , in 1830 , on the distinct pledge that he would agree to no plan of Reform that did not extend the franchise to all householders at the least , and who averred that he held the honour of representing them to be far greater than any the King could bestow , aud that he would never desert them to fill any place—and who , within some two months of that declaration , turned his back on his constituents when the post of Chancellor was offered him by th e in-coming Whigs ; he , that was party to a "

      measure of Reform , " excluding nine-tenths of the householders of England from the franchise—and who , when difficulties beset the Grey Ministry in 1831 , offered to take office over Lord Grey ' s head , and reduce the emasculated franchise of the original Reform Bill from £ 10 to £ 20 : he ; this man ; this faithless one ; this betrayer of trust ; this mouthing buffoon : he ; thisjack-pudding , in 1834 , when the " state necessity" above set forth arose , made the walls of Parliament ring with maledictions against" the accursed statute of Elizabeth , " , denouncing every

      provision for the poor , "belt tithe , or be it tax , as a frightful evil , and bidding the legislature to pass the measure he presented to it , "if they would save their estates from being devoured up by the horde of paupers created by the fund set apart as the reward for idleness , laziness , prostitution , and profligacy And " Philosophy" for the ; time triumphed . Tlie measure was agreed to . It was avowedly founded on the principle ofthe prime " philosopher" of allthe Pensioned Parson ; and it was as distinctly avowed that the measure itself was but intro

      ductory , but " one step , " towards dispensing with Poor Laws altogether . As such , it passed . Where is it now ? Where is the " principle " on which it was founded ? Where is the " phFosophy" which sustained it ? Gone . Shivered to atoms ! Scouted—detested—exploded ! Where is the man now , who dares to get up in the legislative assembly and deny the right of the poor to live ? or their right to a maintenance from the soil ? Where is the man now , who dares to avow the " principle " of Pensioned Malthus , and state his readiness to " carry it out" to its legitimate conclusion ?! Tlie

      man who would now have the temerity to propose such a compendious scheme of spoliation would be considered little better than a maniac . Cobbett , and Oastler , and Stephens , and O'Connor , and the Times , and Charles Dickens , and glorious Tom Hood , and Laman Blanchard , and Douglas Jerrold , have not written and acted in vain ! The hellbegotten " philosophy" has been unable to " stand its ground . " Nature and common feeling , combined with reason , have driven it into the shades of darkness , from whence the Pensioned Parson first . drew it . The Poor Law , enacted to reduce the labourers

      to live on a coarser sort of diet , has been amended again and again . The " wages of prostitution , " in the shape of pay for bastard children , have been restored . Affiliation is once more the law of the land , — and the aristocratic betrayer of female confidence is now no longer able to visit on her head the whole punishment and cost of his perfidy . The principle of " out-door relief is acknowledged as just and humane by the amended law . The " test" —the infamous and brutal "test "—of destitution has been in part dispensed with ; and so far from our approaching the

      period when " all Poor Laws will be done away with , " and "the poor thrown entirely on then * own resources , " we have , of late years , given Ireland a Poor Law , acknowledgingfhe right of the destitute to lire out of the soil . * and we areat this moment engaged in amending the Scottish Poor Law , because it is found inefficient for its purpose—the proper relief of the destitute . This is indeed progress ! The " curse " of the age is being put under 2 Malthusianism is tottering to its fall . As the Times well says . - — "This detestable doctrine is now so utterly scouted , that it

      would be difficult to find any person who professes to adopt it , except , perhaps , a few of the administrators of the New Poor Law and their partisans . All other persons including even the Scotch judges , admit that the destitute have a right to live , and that this right lies'deeper than the right of property itself . This is progress—most important progress , too , considering the vitiated state of public opinion on this subject scarcely eleven years since , when even the House of Lords obsequiously crouched under the Malthusian impieties ofthe introducer ofthe New Poor Law . "

      But it is not alone with the question of Poor Laws that" Philosophy" has interfered . The abolition of the legal relief for the unemployed ; the denial of all relief , except on terms that would deter every one but the soul-destroyed starving slave from ! , accepting it ; the institution of the " workhouse test , " with its workhouse dress—its brand of poverty—its classification—its separation of man and wife and mother and child—its " scientific" dietaries , of skilly , bread , 4 ozs . of bacon for a whole week , and a morsel of cheese—its dysentery , hurrying off its inmates as if stricken with the plague ; all this was well

      calculated to make the labourer offer his services for almost any amount of wage , sooner than subject himself to the cruelties that awaited him if he applied for aid in his necessity to those facetiously tenned his " guardians . " And thus " Philosophy" accom plished its aim . It got at the wages of labour . The Poor Law screw was well adapted to twine the labourer down to less and still less comfort . The less the " share" of his productions kept for himself , the more there was for those who livedonhis labour . Thus was the object of driving him to " a coarser sort of diet" to be accomplished—and for the said purpose

      Whatever , therefore , interfered with , or thwarted , this settled design , met with disfavour from " Philosophy . " The question of short hours of labour has been particularly opposed by it . The reason is sufficiently obvious . Short hours would have counteracted the designs of the " Philosophers , " as manifested in the law to reduce the labourers to live on " a coarser sort of food . " Short hours would have caused a greater demand for labour . With increased demand comes increased price . Increased wages would have given the producers a greater SHARE of their own productions . This would not have

      an-- swered the purposes of " Philosophy . " The interest of the debt could not have been paid unless the livers on the workman ' s labour had consented to have their incomes reduced , and a portion of them handed over to " national faith . " Lady Juliana Hay would have had to go without pension—and Parson Malthus would have been equally " destitute . " The " Dead-weight" men would have had the supplies stopped ; and the sinecurists would have been without salaries . Could this have been borne ? Were those that fatten on the taxes to see their means of luxurious existence taken away , without an effort to prevent it ? No . Interest , the all-binding tie of THE THING , forbade it . "Short hours "

      could not be endured . No matter that the helpless and the unresisting were being sacrificed . No matter that deformity , disease , and premature death were the consequence to the young—to the infant . No matter that law-produced poverty had caused the order of nature to be reversed , and the mother sent into the factory to earn the livelihood of the family , while the father stalked the streets like a spectre . No matter that " science" and "improvement " had " dispensed" with the labour of the man , and called in the woman and the child . No matter all this : what availed it against the other considerations ? A failure in the amount of taxation necessary to be raised would have been destruction to the

      "Philosophy" And Common Sense. "Divine P...

      whole THING . The evils of long hours might carry some few , or even a considerable number off ; but were not there " more" to supply their place ? Had we not already " too many mouths ? " Was not population increasing in a geometrical ratio , and subsistence only in an arithmetical ratio ? Therefore short hours could not be thought of . The existence ofthe State itself depended on the working of Utile children ana females twelve hours a day ! Well , but there were little children and females , employed in most unhealthy and most improper ( for them ) employments , and for a longer time than that fixed by " Philosophy" as " the least possible limit "

      that State-necessity could admit of . These were those employed in print-works and calendering establisluneivts . Humanity interposed in this case , and said .- — "Surely , ' Philosophy ' will interfere here , and apply the rule it has itself laid down . " To this all reasonable men gave ready consent . They argued , that if " State-necessity" could not admit of the ten hours' limit for factory " hands , " because the existence of THE THING would thereby be endangered , still if it could manage to keep its head up with twelve hours' toil from those that worked in our

      manufactories , there did not appear to be any necessity for those who were even worse circumstanced at labour , to work longer time ; and they anticipated that the modest proposition to place the latter party on the level "Philosophy" had made for tho former would hove met with no opposition whatever . Humanity reckoned without its host . Though the adherents of " Philosophy" in the "lower house" could not muster courage to oppose so reasonable a course , the "incarnation of deceit and mountebankism" in the " upper house" could not forego the opportunity of proving itself " true to nature . "

      The Bill to extend to calico and other print-works the provisions of the Factories' Regulations Act enacted two sessions ago , with such modifications as were suitable to the nature of the works , passed the House of Commons without opposition , after its introducer , Lord Ashley , had consented to make certain alterations suggested by Sir James Giuisam . On Friday last the Duke of Buccleuch moved that the House of Lords , where the Bill had had its first and second readings , should " go into committee " on the measure . On that

      occasion-Lord Brocgbam said , he could not refrain from enter ing his protest against their insisting , year after year , on thus legislating in the wrong direction . Professing great concern for the working classes , they were doing aU they could by their legislation to injure and oppress them , and were treating them with what he held to be mere cruelty , under the false guise and garb of humanity . He had formerly entered his protest on the journals of the house in reference to this kind of legislation , and the objections which he had then urged appearedto him to apply with as much force to the present bill ,, although its operation was restricted within narrower limits . Ho chiefly objected to the 22 nd section . The dealers in humanity should be dealers

      in morality . After these women left at nine o ' clock at night , from nine till eleven their morals would not be improved , unless an act was brought in by so « e humanity-monger to require them to go to bed . ( Hear , hear . ) By stopping the children from working , the work ofthe men was stopped ,. as the children ' s labour was as necessary for the labour of the men as theirs was to the printing . " His ( lord Brougham ' s ) opinion was that it was not for lawgivers to protect cftiWren ; it was fob Natube and Divine Providence which had provided the eare of the parents . But the objection he had to ' the bill was one of principle , though be had a specific objection to that part of it which related to women bciug prevented from working with their own consent and that of their husbands . The legislature had no right , with their fan .

      tastical opinions , to compel women to withhold their labour . Men were allowed to work all night , and why not women ? They allowed jocktes to be brought up in a manner which entailed upon them all sorts of diseases , in order to ride at races . He wished they would legislate against their own persons , if they legislated for humanity . In the name of common sense , and common justice , and common humanity towards the working classes themselves , he hoped they would not be constantly haunted with one of these measures after the other of cheap humanity , which cost nothing to the framers , but was at tbe cost of others . In the next stage of tbe bill he should move for the omission of that part of the bill which prevented adult women from being allowed to work as they pleased , leaving all the children and other adults to the ravages of humanity .

      The pitiful buffoon ! " Nature and Divine Providence" protect factory children and women . ' What knows "Nature " of afactory ? If themountebank will but be consistent ; , and leave children to " Nature and Divine Providence , " they will never again ask Aim for protection . But if they are to have " Nature and Divine Providence" doled out to them , when they seek for protection against tbe effects of the murderous unnatural system which subjects them to its iron control , they must have " Nature and Divine Providence" throughout the piece ! and if they have , the brutal blasphemer , who talks so mouthingly of " Nature and Divine Providence , " would find his

      account to be far different than it now is ' . Is £ 50 , 000 , 000 taxation a-year the ^ rotecft ' on of " Nature and Divine Providence ? " Had Nature to do with the " unnecessary and unjustifiable" wars with America and France , to put down freedom ? Was it Nature that brought about the Bank-Restriction ? Did Nature prohibit the old Lady of Threadneedlestreet from paying her debts ? Was Nature the cause of the extravagant loans Lord John Russell told of last week , where £ 200 was set down for only £ 100 " lent ! " Was it Nature that issued the one-pound notes , and that caused papermoney to become so depreciated as to cause two pbices—when guineas of twenty-one shillings nomina l value , sold for twenty-eight shillings in " paper ?" Did Nature pass the act to double the Judges and

      Officers of State s salaries , to enable them to meet the enhanced price of provisions ; and then pass Peel ' s Bill to reduce the prices , but without reducing the salaries ? Had Nature to do with the " prosperity " of 1824-and "THE PANIC" of 1825 ? Did Nature enforce the provisions of Peel ' s Bill , to the deterioration of all the property in the kingdom , and to the utter ruin of hundreds and thousands of our merchants and traders ? Was it Nature that made it necessary for the working people to be reduced to " a coarser sort of diet , " that rents and taxes might be paid ? Had either Nature or Divine Providence to do with these things ? And yet these are the things that have made it necessary for women and children to ask our "law-givers" to accord protection against the evil effects which the unnatural system has entailed on them .

      Butthen"itisnotforlaw-giverstoprotectchildren ! . " Then what , in heaven ' s name , are they for ? Do they only exist to levy taxes , and absorb to themselves the fruits of industry ? Is it that " be-all and the end-all" of their existence ? If so , would not society be better without them ? There is this blaspheming buffoon , for instance : he has a pension of £ 5 , 000 a year . To raise that sum , many a woman and many a child has to groan and toil , and groan

      and toil again . Of what use is HE to them ? They ask him for protection : and he tells them that " it is not for him to protect : " " they must go to Nature and Divine Providence ! " Would it not be well if they could refer him to " Nature and Divine Providence" next quarter-day , for the payment of his pension ? If they could , they would have to groan and toil the less—and so stand in less need of protection .

      " Nature and Divine Providence" are not to be forgotten , in the reckoning and SETTLEMENT which every day draws nearer between the oppressed and plundered people , and the brigand-horde , of which this blaspheming mountebank is one of the most meddling . When we ask them who gave them THE LAND , we hardly expect that they will answer " Nature and Dirine Providence I" If they do , we shall ask for jthe PATENT : if they do not , we shall appeal to Nature !

      What a fool and dotard this busy "lord" is ! Why will he so provoke the contest ? Why does he so urge the people to an examination of the origin of all law , all right , all possession , all property ? If he was . ordinarily wise he would hold his tongue . At all events he would not refer the people to " Nature and Divine Providence . " Neither of these will serye his side of the question . He has more to lose than to gain by an appeal to that court . For his own sake , I and for the sake of his order , it would be well if Punch's suggestion could be acted on . That far-sec ing personage remarks that : — '

      "Philosophy" And Common Sense. "Divine P...

      There oeen a House of uommons about some new marine glue , which is so adhesive , that when two things have been joined together by it , It is Impossible to separate them . If it were made into lipsalve , what a friendly present it would be to lord Brougham ! Leaving those most concerned to deal with the " fantastical opinions" of their brother Peer as they deem best , whether in the manner Punch points out , or in the voting of him a bore and a nuisance , we conclude this notice of his impious vagaries by chronicling the fact that his influence for evil seems to be fast waning away . Time was , when he was Sir Oracle— " philosophy" itself . Now hcislaughed at . Spite of his " fantastical opinions , " the Bill for protecting infants and females went into committee . In answer to the old dotard ' s ravings , the Duke of

      Buccleuch said : — There were some parts of the process of calico-printing very injurious to health , in the washing and dying of cloths ; and he thought that sixteen hours'labour in one day was sufficient , without , sitting up the whole night stitching pieces of caUco together . Nothing had been said to induce him to alter his opinion , especially after the satisfactory manner in winch the bill of last year had worked . The House of Lords generally seemed to think so

      too : for the bill , with a few amendments , was agreed to ; and in a short time it will be the law of the land . Thus another move has been made in the right direction . The principle of protection and restriction has been applied to another class of workers : and the day of success for the workers generally , on the question of short time , brought so much nearer : and this too in spite of "Philosophy" and " Philosophy ' s " fool !

      The Church Really "In Danger." The First...

      THE CHURCH REALLY "IN DANGER . " The first portion of the fable of the Shepherd's Boy and the Wolf has been so often realised in relation to the Church and threatened "danger , " that it is not at all unlikely that the latter portion will come true also , and poor Ou > Mother be left , in her day of real peril , without aid or help . The cry of " danger " has been raised so oft , and such cruelties and enormities practised by virtue of such " cry , " to avert the evil , that people have not only become indifferent to it , on the ground of apprehension to the " establishment" itself ; but actually rejoice when the cry of "danger" is set up , because they know the day of real tribulation is at hand .

      Avery short time , and Out Mother ceases to exist alone . For years past she has been in a sickly condition . The measure of 1829 gave her " a physicking . " Repeal of the Church was the meaning of the Emancipation Act . The statesmen ofthe day denied this : but events have proved the truth of the allegagation . Since that period the Penal Laws , passed to maintain ascendancy , have disappeared : and with these the principle on which the Church was founded was wholly given up . Cotemporaneously with this , we have had the project to endow another Church ! and we have that project ail-but the law of the land . The Maynooth Endowment Bill has " passed the Commons ; " and has " passedthe Lords" also , on the second reading , with the thumping majority of 157 . '

      It is well known that we are no admirers of either State Church No . 1 , or State Church No . 2 . We are not in love with State Churches at all—and with very few of the churches not connected with the State . We have done our best , in common with a great portion of the people , to prevent the Bill for endowing Church No . 2 from passing . We looked upon the church we had as one too many ; and we did not see how any man , recognizing the principle of voluntaryism , could do otherwise than oppose the new scheme . Our views and feelings on that head are just as strong , or even stronger , than they were : and yet there have occurred one or two things during the debate in the House of Lords which , if anything could , would have reconciled us to the project . For instance , the Bishop of London said ;—

      The endowment of two antagonist churches ( hear , bear)—for antagonist ehurches they were in the strongest sense ofthe term —( hear )—in the same country , seemed to him to go a great way to the rejection and abandonment of the principle which alone justified the endowment of any ( hear ); and he believed that their lordships n-ere in great danger by passing this measure of sanctioning a principle that would rivet upon the church a chain of evil from which they would not be able hereafter to set it free , ( Hear . ) The consequence of this measure would be a severance of all connexion between the Church and State in Ireland , and , he feared , at no distant period , in this country also . ( Hear . ) That was very clearly perceived by those in other

      countries who saw tho strife that was now waging here between principle and expediency . ( Hear , hear . ) They were not blinded by those personal interests which were so apt to lead to error—they could take a calm survey of the consequeuces of tbis measure without looking to any great depth . As a proof of that , their lordships would permit him to read a passage from a paper published at Lausanne , in Switzerland , within the last fortnight , the editor of which was hostile to the principle of all reli gious establishments , and who therefore exulted at our recog nising a principle which might lead to that result here . This was the language whieh that writer held in tlie Anti-Jesuit of the 19 th of May : — " We do not hesitate to

      regard the mil which is about to pass into a law as one of the most important events in the history of England , Some few have said , but everybody has perceived , that this endowment is only a preliminary measure . The endowment of a seminary will soon be followed by the endowment of the Catholic clergy , From that moment England may be considered as having adopted the principle of paying different forms of worship . But is the meaning of that principle understood I To salary more than one religion is , in fact , to recognise none . To pay a Catholic clergy while maintaining a Protestant church is to make a profession of indift ' erentism . It is to acknowledge indirectly the incompetence ofthe State

      to judge of religious truth ; in a word , it is to renounce in every way the principle of a national church . We need not wonder that the members of the Anglican church should be alarmed , and have covered the table of the house with their petitions . They comprehended instinctively that it was a question of life or death tor the establishment . The bill will pass . The last hour has struck for that ancient system which connects itself with all the recollections of the country . R is / alien . We , xeho have no great sympathy for State churches , see reason to rejoice at what

      is happening in England , When the State pays several modes of worship it will soon come to pay none . " Now , that is not a very unphilosophical view ofthe subject . One tiling is certain , that if we pay two churches , we shall have claims from more ; and if the claims are preferred , as they are certain to be , ivhat ansiver can be given to them ? And thus we shall in time have as many State churches as there are sects . This will not do ! Long before itcomes to that , weshall have all the sects calling out for " no State Church at all . " In this they will have " good head ; " for already , in reference to only two Churches , the Earl

      of Winchilsea has said : — He would raise his voice to the very lait against the measure , and he would fight it out . ( Hear , hear . ) Let not the lofty mitre be unfaithful to its high trust ; let not right reverend prelates abandon tbe sacred duty which they were now called upon to- perform ; let them not desert the church , of which they were the honoured heads , in this tbehourofits danger anddistress , flow could they , or any of them , support a measure of this kind without

      justly forfeiting the respect and esteem of the great body of the church of this country 1 ( Hear , hear ) He would join with the right rev . prelate who had last spoken , and say , that rather than see the disgusting spectacle of a State endowment of two churches , 11 E WOULD UMSE HIS VOICE FOR A SEVERANCE OF THE ESTABLISHED CHURCH FROM THE STATE , nor would he cease Ma efforts until to : had effected it , ( Hear , hear . ) This was a bold declaration , and their lordships might consider it so . ( Hear , hear . )

      Has not the day of " danger" really come ? Could it be more imminent ? The Endowment of Church No . 2 is just upon completion : and thenceforth we shall have the Earl of Wiitohiisea " raising his voice for a severance of Old Mother from the State " —and he pledges himself before the country , that " he will not cease his efforts till he has accorapUsiiea " such purpose . He solemnly vows that "he will fight it out . " All power to his elbow , say we ! We have been almost tempted to bless Peel for intraducing the Destructive measure ! Let us hope that its effect , in the way of Destruction , is sufficient to satisfy its author .

      The Bishop of Lonoon would join Earl Winchil-» ea in his "fight , " were it not that the revenues oi his bishopWck were so cumbersome ! As it is , he is obliged , now that the Maynooth College Bill has ailbut passed , to " coutine his attention to his duties "and the emoluments . Tlie Earl is not a Bishop-or he would not have made his ' * rash vow . " How long shall we be ere some of the Peers are turning Chartists ? Who would have expected Wisouilbka to lead in an effort to dissever Church from tate ? "Veril y , we live iu strange times 1

      Co &Ea&Ersi $C Corr^Oiaie Nt S

      Co & ea & ersi $ c Corr ^ oiaie nt s

      John Autv , Yorkshire . —The address bearin *' T name would be much more effective on the cl * " ^ whom it is addressed if printed as a handbill an ^ ' * ciliated amongst them . ' c 'f-M . P ., Norwich . —Payment of the poor-rate can k » pelled from aU householders , no matter what C ° ' the amount of rent , small or great , unless there'V * local act specially exempting cottages rented lei specified amount . By the general law , ali pr 0 D , ° . . liable to be rated ; and where the liability exist means exist , to enforce payment . s ' ^ t James Hobneb , Wednesboby . — We cannot answ question , nor have we the means of reference W ^ James Stabmeb , Kettering . —If the landlord " .. '"a receipt for the amount of rent due , on conditio , » i he vacated the premises , or on any other conditi cannot now recover the amount . If he briiws an vtfor the alleged debt , our correspondent must pi Jd ment , and put in the receipt as proof . ' ' ? -

      The United States . —We have been requested to publicity to the following extract from the letter J lato sub-secretary of the National Charter Assoeiaf * now a settler in the state of hi . liana , Norm Anic ' •""' addressed to a Chartist friend . « . t Hammersmith i ' ing date April 20 th , 18451- « H is now tWeirf mm since I left England . I like this country as a reside ' far better than England . There are none of those " parsons coming for tithes—no king's tas-gaiherer ^ bother you—no Poor Law commissioners to Stan ™ people , as in England ; and since I have been V , t have not seen a single beggar . The ueoulc litre «¦! will work , can obtain work , anil far better wuj-es ' in England . The labourers are paid 75 cents , emiaT 3 s . lid . English money , per day ; and provisionc . °

      ol . n .. r > on AIW . » T V ., 1 1 , 1 « ' - ""' Saw cheaper . After I had been here a fe « - weeks l " n chased eighty acres of land , forty acres of wh ' fcj ,, cleared , and under a good fence ; the other forty ac , being thickly timbered with hickory , oak , beech an maple . I have a good well of water , sixty . fivo f » . deep , on the ground , well bricked up . I paid 750 to for the land and its appurtenances ; and I can tnsh double that sum of the timber , by . cutting it up for fj « wood , and hauliug it to Fort Wayne , the nearest tonu about one mile and a half distant , and which contain ! about 4 , 000 inhabitants , and where the timber Hi \ a ready sale . I can convey four loads there daily When you reply to my letter , let me know how tho Chartists are getting on ; and give my best respects to my Chartist friends . We have three papers published

      here weekly—two Whig and one Democratic ( the fort Wayne Sentinel ) , edited by a Mr . Thomas Tigre . ity . self and the young man who came with me are in [ j . cellcnt health . We have not known a day ' s illness since we have been in this country . My brother andi young man has just arrived quite safe from England , and are residing here with me , " Ross , Bbompton . —The reason why his 1 etter Vii kept over for a week was , that we had not room for it tfe week it was received . It was prepared for the pressand Mr . O'Connor ' s note written to accompany it : hut we were pressed for room , and had to withhold what .

      everwouldnot " spoil with the keeping . " Ife see no good to be obtained by the publication of his present letter or the adoption of the course he recommends with r >! ference to a portion of his last . For ourselves , we cas truly say that we have never named the gentleman i > speaks of in point , nor even alluded to him : and whj ; Mr . O'Connor was lately unwittingly made to do , he ha ! amply retracted . As for the statement of Mr . Porta of Birmingham , we neither affirm nor deny it . \ y < have heard him make it , with great apparent circim . stnntial exactness : and it is for the party implicate if , after what has passed , he deems it worth wliilp , 3 seek an explanation from Mr . Porter himself .

      Keta . —Received . Extremely glad to hear from y ^ With pleasure the communication shall be inserted nu ; week ; we shall be happy to hear from him again , Tue Bbadforo Sanatobi Report . —We shall make im of this valuable report , and the meeting on it , in n next . «» .

      Monies Received By Mr. O'Connor. Cards. ...

      MONIES RECEIVED BY MR . O'CONNOR . CARDS . Ship Inn , Birmingham ., .. .. _ ,. Q u < BUNCOMBE TESTIMONIAL From Thomas Jameson o 1 j From Fotovens , near Wakefield , per John Inman 0 10 <) FOE THE BXEOOTIVE . From the Chartists of Dundee , per James Graham 0 3 Q ¦ victim FUND . From the Chartiits of Dundee , per James Graham 0 I RECEIPTS PER GENERAL SECRETARY . SUBSCRIPTIONS . s . a . s . d , Lambeth .. .. 060 Tonbridge Wells .. 0 4 5 Brighton .. .. 030 South Shields „ Oil Preston , old locality 0 5 0 Southampton .. 031 LEVF . Manchester 2 0 4

      CARDS . Hanloy ,. .. 086 South Shields ..-8 23 Longton .. .. 018

      VICTIM FOND . Southampton .. , ,, 015

      nuNCOMBE TESTIMONIAL . Reading , per G . Wheeler .. .. .. .. „ \ ? u Alexandria , Mr . M'Intyre .. 0 1 j Mr . Millar , per Mr . Dear Ht I W . Salmon o 0 i T . Salmon .. „ „ o 0 I Bristol , per T . Frankhnm o j g David Millar , tailor , and sb . opma . tes 0 3 1 James Thompson , Calico-bridge , near Oldham „ i 1 ( Mr . Slaver ' s book .. , 015 THOMAS MARTIN WHEELER , Secretary . RECEIPTS OF CO-OPERATIVE LAND SOCIETY , PER SECRETARY . SHARES .

      £ S . d . £ ,, d , Leeds . perMr . BrookG 0 0 Mr . Isaac .. .. Oil Lambeth , per Mr . Mr . Parker , Coven-Dron .. .. 200 try 0 1 { Rcading . G . Whceler 0 1 i Lambeth , 6 shares 0 7 3 Ditto , J . Wheeler .. 014 Isaac Ilollworth .. Oil Ditto , E Rous .. 014 Dockhead meeting , Ditto , G , Burr ., 014 8 shaves .. .. OlU Longton .. ., 030 Cloek-house , 7 do . 0 3 i Oxford , per Mr . Ci tyofLondon , 3 do . 0 I 5 Bridgwater .. 080 Clock-house ., .. 0 7 0 James Smith ., 014 Somcrs Town .. Oil )

      CARDS AND KCtES . Leeds o 12 6 Mr . Patterson , for Preston .. .. 026 rules .. .. 015 ' Stratford-on-Avon 0 16 8 Dockhead meeting 8 3 3 Blackburn , per Mr . City of London , per Beesley .. .. 076 Mr . Cover .. 00 HI Longton ., .. 016 Mr . Wheeler ( 16 Mr . Hopkins , Saf- . single rules ; ., 0 2 S fron-hill .. ., 030 THOMAS MARTIN WHEELER . ,

      To The Membees Akd Friends Of The Charti...

      TO THE MEMBEES AKD FRIENDS OF THE CHARTI 3 I CO-OPERATIVE . LAUD SOCIETV , Fbiends , — We have to congratulate you upon the sucm cess which , in all probability , will crown our exertions is to the prosecution of the Land plan , and to submit the tbl fol lowing observations for your consideration andguMatiwiK Wherever a few friends reside , desirous of joining tlie to : to cicty , let them meet together , elect a sub-secretary an « anc treasurer ; and , if sufficient in number , a commit tee , to , « consist of from five to nine persons . Let the sum of Is <> s li be then collected by the secretary from each person desidesi rous of joining , and the money thus collected must btt b remitted to the General Secretary , 243 J , Strand , » 1 n > kW furnish the parties with cards of membership , rules . iM < eovmt-book , bills for distribution , & c . One shilling of iVd above will be a deposit on the share . The weeklys ^ sul

      scriptions must afterwards be paid to the local trcasure ; ure who will remit them to the General Treasurer , in nwoncon ance with the rules . All reasonable and legitimate flee : penses for paper , postage , money orders , Ac , will bcliortion by the dtrtctors ; the sub-secretary sendinjr a montb > ntb account of the same to the General Secretary Xo « l est expenses for advertising or meetings will be cuaranWnw unless by express authority from the directors . T T directors intend , as speedily as circumstances will pemem to take a small but suitable office in the metropolis , « is , « to give increased publicity to the objects and proposalta * the society . They also suggest the idea of a cheap w « w «! publication , to be devoted to the interests , and to contiont the monetary and other accounts of the society , ty . answer to various communications , they have to sto st that the first location will be essentially an exDerimeJitoenl

      two-acre allotments , which , from the evidence of-of ¦ O'Connor and other practical men , they believe will will sufficient to maintain a family in comfort ; but if cstfesv ence should demonstrate its insufficiency , the size of s of allotments in future locations could , without anyuiyili rangement , be easily increased . . Many—especially illy Scotch brethren—have expressed a desire to have two tii allotments situated in the vicinity of each other , r . '' would be impracticable , or nearly so , as the location rw w i depend upon the chances of the lot : but in order ton- torn this , it could bo arranged that persons desirous of fort form a family or social locality could , when they haddra « dra « i prize , reserve their holding until their friends were eq * ei \ v i swKMKstwl , awl tii * object would be thus effected , li SI persons willingand able to pay up their shares , afferiftern ing a first instalment , have stated their intention ofpaofpa \

      up the remainder at one payment , as soon as thcyshcys ! prospect of operations being commenced . This , tos , top the least , is very unwise , and unjust to the society , ky . U acted upon this principle , the capital would never be > r be scribed . Let all who can , immediately pay up their sbijr sh :: They will thus stand a better chance of an early loefy loca upon the . land , and hold out a stimulus to thw ' rpto ' rpc ! brethren . Several questions have been asked as to s to '' would be done with the capital of £ 37 , S 2 * , the value olue oi estate after the tenth sale ; and strong wishes have have expressed ( from Coventry and other places ) that it sit it slfc form a fund toward purchasing buck the estates previpreviiii disposed ot ; thereby rendering them freehold , and and ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ the double purpose of ensuring a vote for the county ( inly ( ' 1 ' out danger of the decision of the revising barristerlrister ] ' ] also of relieving the tenant from the necessity of !>• of P << the yearly rent of £ 5 . This could be easily effected beted II ) following process : At the tenth sale , 1923 persons ' sons' !' be located on 3846 acres , on each navine £ 5 per aber ••"'

      tor rent : 745 of these acres would be -the property 4 erty «« society—the remaining 3101 acres would have previ provi i been sold . The rent of the 745 acres would amuu ' amouw £ 18 C 1 per annum , which , if allowed to accumulattnulatt 6 expended at the end of every three years in purciipurciiui back these estates at the original cost , would in Id in " sixty . two years purchase back aud exempt from r « om *>>» ever the 3101 acres previously disposed of , ami accflfl 3 ccoo nying cottages ; and it must be borne in mind t / w'U Uw " location of lfll' 3 persons and possession of a" * 5 * . duciug an annual rental of £ 1861 in the period o ' . ' id o » . ' . four years , would be the result of an origins' cajn'l cainW £ 5 W ) 0 : and if 6000 shares are subscribed for-oi » r—of >> the directors have no doubt-they will produce a / to a « ' ' of £ l 5 , 000 ,: ind realise results threefold more licneficiMiieficiftin the above . Trusting that you will nobly exert y « u £ t J ""™ to pvocuie tbis desirable mult , I remain , yon' * ! - « 's tm ' .. TUOMAS MABTIS WflB « Sect Sai-ii

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 7, 1845, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_07061845/page/4/